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EP1778965A1 - Cooling duct piston for an internal combustion engine comprising heat pipes - Google Patents

Cooling duct piston for an internal combustion engine comprising heat pipes

Info

Publication number
EP1778965A1
EP1778965A1 EP05774024A EP05774024A EP1778965A1 EP 1778965 A1 EP1778965 A1 EP 1778965A1 EP 05774024 A EP05774024 A EP 05774024A EP 05774024 A EP05774024 A EP 05774024A EP 1778965 A1 EP1778965 A1 EP 1778965A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
heat pipes
cooling channel
internal combustion
combustion engine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05774024A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Peter Heidrich
Roland Lochmann
Timo Estrum
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mahle International GmbH
Original Assignee
Mahle International GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mahle International GmbH filed Critical Mahle International GmbH
Publication of EP1778965A1 publication Critical patent/EP1778965A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/16—Pistons  having cooling means
    • F02F3/18—Pistons  having cooling means the means being a liquid or solid coolant, e.g. sodium, in a closed chamber in piston
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/16—Pistons  having cooling means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/16—Pistons  having cooling means
    • F02F3/20—Pistons  having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston
    • F02F3/22—Pistons  having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston the fluid being liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P3/22—Liquid cooling characterised by evaporation and condensation of coolant in closed cycles; characterised by the coolant reaching higher temperatures than normal atmospheric boiling-point
    • F01P2003/2278—Heat pipes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2251/00—Material properties
    • F05C2251/04—Thermal properties
    • F05C2251/048—Heat transfer

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cooling channel piston for an internal combustion engine having heat pipes, with a forged piston head comprising a combustion recess in the piston head, an annular wall with a ring section and a cooling channel surrounding the ring section and closable by means of a cover, wherein in the cooling channel Distributed on its circumference a plurality of Kolben ⁇ directed towards the bottom holes are arranged, and has a piston skirt auf ⁇ has, which is connected to the piston head attached to the piston hubs.
  • US Pat. No. 5,454,351 and DE 32 05 173 A1 describe light-metal pistons for an internal combustion engine which use so-called heat pipes for dissipating heat from the hot piston regions, ie the air-tight and pressure-tight sealing of a slightly evaporating cooling liquid, such as preferably water or else ammonia, glycol or the like.
  • the existing copper heat pipes are circumferentially equally distributed holes that are introduced in the crankshaft side piston crown area, used or eing ⁇ poured, the holes extend to the level of the ring section. In the area of the piston hubs, the heat pipes are slightly bent to allow the piston pin to be fitted in the piston.
  • the known manner of operation of the heat pipes consists in the evaporation of the liquid located in the heat pipe on the "hot" side - evaporator side - by absorption tion of the heat of the area to be cooled
  • the steam formed flows to the "cold" side - the condenser side - of the heat pipe, where they change their liquid heat of vaporization due to the temperature drop between the hot and the cold side again in the liquid state on the cold side is by injection of Kuhlol from the crankshaft space of the internal combustion engine removes the evaporation heat
  • Kuhlol from the crankshaft space of the internal combustion engine
  • the invention has for its object to further develop a Kuhlkanalkolben of the type mentioned so that an improved heat dissipation of the heat-loaded piston areas achieved and thus the occurrence of thermi shear stresses is prevented
  • this object is achieved by arranging liquid-filled heat pipes provided with an evaporator and condenser side in the boreholes of the cooling channel, the arrangement being such that the evaporator sides on the piston bottom end of the bores and the condenser sides in the closed cooling duct end up
  • FIG. 2 shows a half-side sectional view of a piston head with cooling channel and heat pipe in a first arrangement according to the invention
  • FIG. 3 shows a half-side sectional view of a piston head with a cooling channel and heat pipe in a second arrangement according to the invention
  • FIG. 4 shows a half-side sectional view of a piston head with a cooling channel and heat pipe in a third arrangement according to the invention
  • Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 1;
  • Fig. 6A is a sectional view of a heat pipe in a first embodiment
  • Fig. 6 B is a sectional view of a heat pipe in a second embodiment.
  • the one-piece cooling channel piston according to the invention with heat pipes consists of a forged piston head 10 made of steel with a combustion bowl 2 in its piston crown 1, an annular wall 4 with ring section 3, a closed at the height of the ring section closed cooling channel 7, as shown in Fig. 1.
  • a piston skirt is connected to the hubs attached to the piston head, analogously to the representation of the figures according to WO 2004/029443 A1.
  • the forged piston is manufactured according to the method according to EP 0 799 373 B1, wherein boreholes 5 are provided in the cooling channel 7, which are distributed on the circumference according to the impingement of the combustion jets and in the direction of the piston bottom, ie parallel to the piston axis A, are introduced, as can be seen from the Thomasdar ⁇ position shown in FIG. 5.
  • the closing of the cooling channel 8 by means of a cooling oil inlet and outlet cover is provided, the depth B of ⁇ Boh ⁇ stanchions 5 is designed such that a wall ridge 9 formed between the piston head 1 and the bottom-side end of the bores.
  • heat pipes heat pipe 6 have a steel shell and are made of a cylindrical base 6f and a either conical or cylindrical head portion 6c formed head and base have inside a cylindrical cavity , the evaku ⁇ ated and is befullt with a certain amount of coolant 6g, for example water, the coolant, particularly water, must be degassed bar before filling under vacuum at a pressure of 10 "4 to 10" 5 to cavitation as a result
  • coolant 6g for example water
  • the coolant particularly water
  • the heat pipes are filled up to half their volume with Kuhlstoff headboard 6c and lower part 6f of the heat pipes 6 are connected via the connection f
  • the evaporator side is referred to as the hot side 6a and the capacitor side 6b as the cold
  • the diameters of the heat pipes 6 are about 3 to 10% of the piston diameter (D k0
  • the heat pipes 6 filled with coolant are introduced into the bores 5 with a cylindrical head part such that the evaporator sides 6a at the piston bottom end of the bores 5 and the condenser sides 6b in the closed end Kuhlkanal 7 ends
  • the heat flow thus takes place from the piston head 1 via the wall web 9 and the outer steel shell of the evaporator 6a to the inner wall of the steel shell and evaporates by absorbing the heat the coolant
  • the steam formed parts flow to the condenser side 6b of the heat pipes 6, where they deliver their as a result of the temperature gradient between the evaporator and condenser side, latent heat of vaporization returns to the liquid state.
  • the use of the bores 5 introduced in the piston head 10 can also be regarded as a cylindrical head part 6d, which is fastened to a heat pipe lower part 6f which is fastened to the cooling channel end of the bore 5 by means of a friction welding, screwing or adhesive connection. is connected.
  • the bore 5 thus forms the evaporator side 6a and the friction-welded lower part 6f forms the condenser side 6b of the heat pipes.
  • the head parts 6c of the heat pipes 6 are conical in shape.
  • the bores 5 introduced in the cooling channel 7 toward the piston crown 1 run as far as the piston crown as a continuous bore which, in the region of the piston crown, likewise has a conical shape for receiving the heat pipes 6.
  • the upper bottom surface of the evaporator sides 6a also forms part of the piston bottom itself, whereby a heat dissipation, as described above, is realized particularly effectively.
  • the condenser sides 6b also end here in the cooling oil of the cooling channel 7.
  • the condenser sides 6b end using conical headers in the crankshaft end of the engine compartment, ie the heat pipes are guided through the cover 8 of the cooling channel and injected by one or more cooling oil nozzles arranged there (not illustrated). This ensures that not all of the amount of heat absorbed on the combustion chamber side is dissipated to the cooling oil located in the cooling channel 7. ben and thus remains in the piston head 10, but the main portion of the heat flow is transported away from the piston head 10.
  • these preferably consist of the same steel material, the bores 5 and the outside diameter of the heat pipes being designed such that the heat pipes 6 communicate with the piston head 10 by means of a press fit or by means of a soldering or welding connection, also Reibsch doneitati connected.
  • the bores 5 for receiving thetons ⁇ tubes 6 in addition to a parallel to the piston axis A course also under an inclination to the piston axis, depending on the design of the combustion bowl or wall thickness between the combustion bowl 2 and cooling channel 7 may be arranged (not illustrated) so that the evaporator side 6a of the heat pipes forms a wall web 9 or directly a part of the wall of the combustion mold, according to the preceding embodiments, the condenser side ending in the cooling channel 7.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed is a cooling duct piston for an internal combustion engine comprising heat pipes. In order to improve dissipation of heat from the thermally loaded piston areas while preventing thermal tensions, liquid-filled heat pipes (6) that are provided with an evaporator end (6a) and a condenser end (6b) are disposed in bores (5) of the cooling duct (7) which are oriented towards the bottom of the piston. Said heat pipes (6) are arranged such that the evaporator ends (6a) terminate at the end of the bores which faces the piston bottom while the condenser ends (6b) terminate in the closed cooling duct (7).

Description

Kühlkanalkolben für einen Verbrennungsmotor mit Wärmerohren Cooling channel piston for an internal combustion engine with heat pipes
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Kühlkanalkolben für einen Verbrennungsmotor mit Wär¬ merohren, mit einem aus Stahl geschmiedeten Kolbenkopf, der eine Verbrennungs¬ mulde im Kolbenboden, eine Ringwand mit Ringpartie sowie einem auf Höhe der Ringpartie umlaufenden, mittels einer Abdeckung verschließbaren Kühlkanal umfasst, wobei im Kühlkanal auf seinem Umfang verteilt eine Vielzahl zum Kolben¬ boden hin gerichtete Bohrungen angeordnet sind, und der einen Kolbenschaft auf¬ weist, welcher mit am Kolbenkopf angehängten Kolbennaben verbunden ist.The invention relates to a cooling channel piston for an internal combustion engine having heat pipes, with a forged piston head comprising a combustion recess in the piston head, an annular wall with a ring section and a cooling channel surrounding the ring section and closable by means of a cover, wherein in the cooling channel Distributed on its circumference a plurality of Kolben¬ directed towards the bottom holes are arranged, and has a piston skirt auf¬ has, which is connected to the piston head attached to the piston hubs.
Stahlkoben der gattungsgemäßen Art sind bisher nicht bekannt geworden. Aus der WO 2004/029443 A1 ist lediglich ein Kühlkanalkolben aus Stahl bekannt, bei dem eine Verbesserung der Kühlung und Formstabilität des Kolbens dadurch erreicht werden soll, dass der Kühlanal auf seinem Umfang verteilt zum Kolbenboden hin gerichtete Bohrungen aufweist.Stahlkoben of the generic type have not been previously known. From WO 2004/029443 A1, only a cooling channel piston made of steel is known, in which an improvement in the cooling and dimensional stability of the piston is to be achieved in that the cooling channel distributed on its circumference to the piston head directed towards holes.
In der US 5,454,351 und der DE 32 05 173 A1 sind Leichtmetallkolben für einen Verbrennungsmotor beschrieben, der zur Ableitung von Wärme von den heißen Kol¬ benbereichen sogenannte Heat Pipes, also Wärmerohre, verwendet, die luft- und druckdicht verschlossen eine leicht verdampfende Kühlflüssigkeit, wie bevorzugt Wasser oder aber auch Ammoniak, Glycol oder ähnliches, enthält. Die aus Kupfer bestehenden Wärmerohre sind in umfangsseitig gleichverteilten Bohrungen, die im kurbelwellenseitigen Kolbenbodenbereich eingebracht sind, eingesetzt bzw. einge¬ gossen, wobei sich die Bohrungen bis auf Höhe der Ringpartie erstrecken. Im Bereich der Kolbennaben sind die Wärmerohre leicht gebogen ausgeführt, um die Montage des Kolbenbolzens in den Kolben zu ermöglichen. Die an sich bekannte Wirkungsweise der Wärmerohre besteht in der Verdampfung der im Wärmerohr befindlichen Flüssigkeit auf der „heißen" Seite - Verdampferseite - durch Absorp- tion der Warme des zu kühlenden Bereiches Die gebildeten Dampfteile strömen zur „kalten" Seite - Kondensatorseite - des Warmerohres, wo sie unter Abgabe ihrer latenten Verdampfungswarme infolge des Temperaturgefalles zwischen heißer und kalter Seite wieder in den Flussigkeitszustand übergehen Auf der kalten Seite wird durch Anspritzen von Kuhlol aus dem Kurbelwellenraum des Verbrennungsmotors die Verdampfungswarme abtransportiert Um einen derartigen Abtransport der Warme bei einer Vielzahl von einzelnen Warmerohren zu gewährleisten, ist ein Ansprühen aller Warmerohre erforderlich, welches zu einer aufwendigen und kos- tenintensiven Kolbenkonstruktion fuhrtUS Pat. No. 5,454,351 and DE 32 05 173 A1 describe light-metal pistons for an internal combustion engine which use so-called heat pipes for dissipating heat from the hot piston regions, ie the air-tight and pressure-tight sealing of a slightly evaporating cooling liquid, such as preferably water or else ammonia, glycol or the like. The existing copper heat pipes are circumferentially equally distributed holes that are introduced in the crankshaft side piston crown area, used or eing¬ poured, the holes extend to the level of the ring section. In the area of the piston hubs, the heat pipes are slightly bent to allow the piston pin to be fitted in the piston. The known manner of operation of the heat pipes consists in the evaporation of the liquid located in the heat pipe on the "hot" side - evaporator side - by absorption tion of the heat of the area to be cooled The steam formed flows to the "cold" side - the condenser side - of the heat pipe, where they change their liquid heat of vaporization due to the temperature drop between the hot and the cold side again in the liquid state on the cold side is by injection of Kuhlol from the crankshaft space of the internal combustion engine removes the evaporation heat In order to ensure such removal of heat in a large number of individual heat pipes, it is necessary to spray all heat pipes, which leads to a complex and cost-intensive piston construction
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Kuhlkanalkolben der eingangs genannten Art derart weiter auszugestalten, dass eine verbesserte Warmeabfuhr von den warmebelasteten Kolbenbereichen erzielt und damit das Auftreten thermi¬ scher Spannungen verhindert wirdThe invention has for its object to further develop a Kuhlkanalkolben of the type mentioned so that an improved heat dissipation of the heat-loaded piston areas achieved and thus the occurrence of thermi shear stresses is prevented
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemaß dadurch gelost, dass mit einer Verdampfer¬ und Kondensatorseite versehene, flussigkeitsgefullte Warmerohre in den Bohrungen des Kuhlkanals angeordnet sind, wobei die Anordnung derart erfolgt, dass die Ver¬ dampferseiten am kolbenbodenseitigen Ende der Bohrungen und die Kondensator¬ seiten im verschlossenem Kuhlkanal endenAccording to the invention, this object is achieved by arranging liquid-filled heat pipes provided with an evaporator and condenser side in the boreholes of the cooling channel, the arrangement being such that the evaporator sides on the piston bottom end of the bores and the condenser sides in the closed cooling duct end up
Dadurch, dass die Kondensatorseiten im verschlossenen Kuhlkanal enden, wird ein von der Kolbenstellung, insbesondere zwischen oberem Totpunkt und unterem Tot¬ punkt, unabhängiger, effektiver und schneller Warmeabtransport am kondensatorsei- tigen Ende des Warmerohres erreicht, sodass eine annähernd gleichmäßige Tempe- raturverteilung entlang des Kolbenmuldenrandes, erreicht wird, wodurch Rissbildun¬ gen am Kolbenboden und Muldenrand der Verbrennungsmulde infolge thermischer Spannungen wirksam verhindert werdenAs a result of the fact that the condenser sides terminate in the closed cooling channel, an independent, effective and rapid removal of heat from the piston position, in particular between top dead center and bottom dead center, is achieved at the condenser end of the heat pipe, so that an approximately uniform temperature distribution along the heat pipe Kolbenmuldenrandes, is reached, whereby Rissbildun¬ gene on the piston head and the bowl edge of the combustion bowl due to thermal stresses are effectively prevented
Zweckmäßige Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteranspruche Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird im Folgenden anhand der Zeichnungen beschrieben. Es zeigenAdvantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims An embodiment of the invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Show it
Fig. 1 eine halbseitige Schnittdarstellung eines Kolbenkopfes mit Kühlkanaldarstel¬ lung;1 shows a half-side sectional view of a piston head with Kühlkanaldarstel¬ ment;
Fig. 2 eine halbseitige Schnittdarstellung eines Kolbenkopfes mit Kühlkanal und Wärmerohr in einer ersten erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung;2 shows a half-side sectional view of a piston head with cooling channel and heat pipe in a first arrangement according to the invention;
Fig. 3 eine halbseitige Schnittdarstellung eines Kolbenkopfes mit Kühlkanal und Wärmerohr in einer zweiten erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung;3 shows a half-side sectional view of a piston head with a cooling channel and heat pipe in a second arrangement according to the invention;
Fig. 4 eine halbseitige Schnittdarstellung eines Kolbenkopfes mit Kühlkanal und Wärmerohr in einer dritten erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung;4 shows a half-side sectional view of a piston head with a cooling channel and heat pipe in a third arrangement according to the invention;
Fig. 5 eine Schnittdarstellung entlang der Linie AA gemäß Fig. 1 ;Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 1;
Fig. 6 A) eine Schnittdarstellung eines Wärmerohres in einer ersten Ausführung;Fig. 6A) is a sectional view of a heat pipe in a first embodiment;
Fig. 6 B) eine Schnittdarstellung eines Wärmerohres in einer zweiten Ausführung.Fig. 6 B) is a sectional view of a heat pipe in a second embodiment.
Der erfindungsgemäße einteilige Kühlkanalkolben mit Wärmerohren besteht aus einem geschmiedeten Kolbenkopf 10 aus Stahl mit einer Verbrennungsmulde 2 in seinem Kolbenboden 1 , einer Ringwand 4 mit Ringpartie 3, einem auf Höhe der Ringpartie umlaufenden geschlossenen Kühlkanal 7, wie in Fig. 1 dargestellt. Ein Kolbenschaft ist mit den am Kolbenkopf angehängten Naben verbunden, analog der Darstellung der Figuren nach der WO 2004/029443 A1. Die Herstellung des geschmiedeten Kolbens erfolgt nach dem Verfahren nach EP 0 799 373 B1 , wobei im Kühlkanal 7 Bohrungen 5 vorgesehen sind, die auf dem Umfang entsprechend des Auftreffens der Brennstrahlen verteilt angeordnet und in Richtung des Kolben¬ bodens, d.h. parallel zur Kolbenachse A, eingebracht sind, wie aus der Schnittdar¬ stellung gemäß Fig. 5 ersichtlich ist. Das Verschließen des Kühlkanals erfolgt mittels einer mit Kühlöleinlass und -auslass versehenen Abdeckung 8. Die Tiefe Bτ der Boh¬ rungen 5 ist derart ausgelegt, dass ein Wandsteg 9 zwischen Kolbenboden 1 und bodenseitigem Ende der Bohrungen 5 entsteht. Wie in Fig 6 A) und B) dargestellt, weisen als sogenannte Heat Pipes bezeichnete Warme röhre 6 einen Stahlmantel auf und werden aus einem zylindrischen Unterteil 6f und einem entweder kegelförmigen oder zylinderförmigen Kopfteil 6c gebildet Kopf- und Unterteil weisen im Inneren einen zylindrischen Hohlraum auf, der evaku¬ iert und mit einer bestimmten Menge an Kuhlmittel 6g, beispielsweise Wasser, befullt ist Das Kuhlmittel, insbesondere Wasser, muss vor dem Abfüllen unter Vakuum bei einem Druck von 10"4 bis 10'5 bar entgast werden, um eine Kavitation infolge der Kolbenbewegung im Verbrennungsmotor zu verhindern, da die Kuhlflus- sigkeit in den Umkehrpunkten des Kolbens auf die gegenüberliegende Seite beschleunigt wird, wobei es zu implodierenden Gasblasen mit einhergehender Kavi¬ tation kommen kann Zweckmaßigerweise werden die Warmerohre maximal bis zur Hälfte ihres Volumens mit Kuhlmittel gefüllt Kopfteil 6c und Unterteil 6f der Warme¬ rohre 6 sind über die Verbindungsflache 6e miteinander luftdicht verbunden Bei den derart ausgebildeten Warmerohren wird die Verdampferseite als heiße Seite mit 6a und die Kondensatorseite mit 6b als kalte Seite bezeichnetThe one-piece cooling channel piston according to the invention with heat pipes consists of a forged piston head 10 made of steel with a combustion bowl 2 in its piston crown 1, an annular wall 4 with ring section 3, a closed at the height of the ring section closed cooling channel 7, as shown in Fig. 1. A piston skirt is connected to the hubs attached to the piston head, analogously to the representation of the figures according to WO 2004/029443 A1. The forged piston is manufactured according to the method according to EP 0 799 373 B1, wherein boreholes 5 are provided in the cooling channel 7, which are distributed on the circumference according to the impingement of the combustion jets and in the direction of the piston bottom, ie parallel to the piston axis A, are introduced, as can be seen from the Schnittdar¬ position shown in FIG. 5. The closing of the cooling channel 8 by means of a cooling oil inlet and outlet cover is provided, the depth B of τ Boh¬ stanchions 5 is designed such that a wall ridge 9 formed between the piston head 1 and the bottom-side end of the bores. 5 As shown in Figure 6 A) and B), referred to as heat pipes heat pipe 6 have a steel shell and are made of a cylindrical base 6f and a either conical or cylindrical head portion 6c formed head and base have inside a cylindrical cavity , the evaku¬ ated and is befullt with a certain amount of coolant 6g, for example water, the coolant, particularly water, must be degassed bar before filling under vacuum at a pressure of 10 "4 to 10" 5 to cavitation as a result To prevent the piston movement in the internal combustion engine, since the Kuhlflus- speed is accelerated in the reversal points of the piston to the opposite side, which can come to imploding gas bubbles with cavi¬ associated tion Expediently, the heat pipes are filled up to half their volume with Kuhlmittel headboard 6c and lower part 6f of the heat pipes 6 are connected via the connection f In the heat pipes formed in this way, the evaporator side is referred to as the hot side 6a and the capacitor side 6b as the cold side
Die Durchmesser der Warmerohre 6 betragen ca 3 bis 10% des Kolbendurch¬ messers (Dk0|ben) und die Gesamtlange ca 20 bis 50 % Dk0|bβn, je nach den Ausfuh- rungsbeispielen gemäß den Figuren 2/3 oder Fig 4The diameters of the heat pipes 6 are about 3 to 10% of the piston diameter (D k0 | ben) and the total length about 20 to 50% D k0 | bβn , depending on the Ausfuhrrungsungsbeispielen according to Figures 2/3 or Fig. 4
Gemäß einem ersten erfindungsgemaßen Ausfuhrungsbeispiel nach Fig 2 sind die mit Kuhlmittel befullten Warmerohre 6 nach Fig 6B) mit einem zylindrischen Kopfteil derart in die Bohrungen 5 eingebracht, dass die Verdampferseiten 6a am kolben- bodenseitigen Ende der Bohrungen 5 und die Kondensatorseiten 6b im verschlosse¬ nem Kuhlkanal 7 enden Der Warmefluss erfolgt somit vom Kolbenboden 1 über den Wandsteg 9 und des äußeren Stahlmantels der Verdampferseite 6a zur inneren Wand des Stahlmantels und verdampft unter Absorption der Warme das Kuhlmittel Die gebildeten Dampfteile strömen zur Kondensatorseite 6b der Warmerohre 6, wo sie unter Abgabe ihrer latenten Verdampfungswarme infolge des Temperaturgefalles zwischen Verdampfer- und Kondensatorseite wieder in den flussigen Zustand über¬ gehen Die Wärmeabgabe erfolgt an das im Kuhlkanal befindliche Kuhlol und wird von dort infolge der Shakerbewegung zum Kühlölauslass transportiert. Da die Kon¬ densatorseiten 6b im Kühlkanal angeordnet sind, wird eine gleichmäßige Wärmeab¬ gabe an das dort befindliche Kühlöl realisiert, wodurch das Entstehen thermischer Spannungen am Kolben weitgehend verhindert werden kann.According to a first exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2, the heat pipes 6 filled with coolant are introduced into the bores 5 with a cylindrical head part such that the evaporator sides 6a at the piston bottom end of the bores 5 and the condenser sides 6b in the closed end Kuhlkanal 7 ends The heat flow thus takes place from the piston head 1 via the wall web 9 and the outer steel shell of the evaporator 6a to the inner wall of the steel shell and evaporates by absorbing the heat the coolant The steam formed parts flow to the condenser side 6b of the heat pipes 6, where they deliver their as a result of the temperature gradient between the evaporator and condenser side, latent heat of vaporization returns to the liquid state. The heat is released to the coolant in the cooling channel and becomes transported from there due to the Shakerbewegung to Kühlölauslass. Since the capacitor sides 6b are arranged in the cooling channel, a uniform heat output to the cooling oil located there is realized, as a result of which the generation of thermal stresses on the piston can be largely prevented.
Als weitere Variante dieser Ausführung kann ebenso die Verwendung der im Kol¬ benkopf 10 eingebrachten Bohrungen 5 als zylinderförmiges Kopfteil 6d betrachtet werden, welches mit einem Wärmerohrunterteil 6f, das am kühlkanalseitigen Ende der Bohrung 5 mittels einer Reibschweiß- , Schraub- oder Klebeverbindung befestigt ist, verbunden wird. Bei den derart hergestellten Wärmerohren bildet die Bohrung 5 somit die Verdampferseite 6a und das reibgeschweißte Unterteil 6f die Kondensa¬ torseite 6b der Wärmerohre.As a further variant of this embodiment, the use of the bores 5 introduced in the piston head 10 can also be regarded as a cylindrical head part 6d, which is fastened to a heat pipe lower part 6f which is fastened to the cooling channel end of the bore 5 by means of a friction welding, screwing or adhesive connection. is connected. In the case of the heat pipes produced in this way, the bore 5 thus forms the evaporator side 6a and the friction-welded lower part 6f forms the condenser side 6b of the heat pipes.
In einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 3 sind die Kopfteile 6c der Wärme¬ rohre 6 kegelförmig ausgebildet. Die im Kühlkanal 7 zum Kolbenboden 1 hin einge¬ brachten Bohrungen 5 verlaufen bis zum Kolbenboden als durchgängige Bohrung, die im Bereich des Kolbenbodens ebenfalls kegelförmig zur Aufnahme der Wärme¬ rohre 6 ausgebildet sind. Im eingesetzten Zustand der Wärmerohre in die Bohrungen 5 bildet die obere Bodenfläche der Verdampferseiten 6a auch einen Teil des Kolben¬ bodens selbst, wodurch besonders effektiv ein Wärmeabtransport, wie vorangehend beschrieben, realisiert wird. Die Kondensatorseiten 6b enden hier ebenfalls im Kühlöl des Kühlkanals 7.In a second embodiment according to FIG. 3, the head parts 6c of the heat pipes 6 are conical in shape. The bores 5 introduced in the cooling channel 7 toward the piston crown 1 run as far as the piston crown as a continuous bore which, in the region of the piston crown, likewise has a conical shape for receiving the heat pipes 6. In the inserted state of the heat pipes into the bores 5, the upper bottom surface of the evaporator sides 6a also forms part of the piston bottom itself, whereby a heat dissipation, as described above, is realized particularly effectively. The condenser sides 6b also end here in the cooling oil of the cooling channel 7.
In einem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 4, bei dem die Verdampferseiten 6a ebenfalls einen Teil des Kolbenbodens 1 bilden, enden die Kondensatorseiten 6b unter Verwendung kegelförmiger Kopfteile im kurbelwellenseitigen Ende des Motor¬ raumes, d. h., die Wärmerohre werden durch die Abdeckung 8 des Kühlkanals geführt und von einer oder mehreren dort angeordneten Kühlöldüsen (nicht darge¬ stellt) angespritzt. Dadurch wird erreicht, dass nicht die gesamte brennraumseitig aufgenommene Wärmemenge nur an das im Kühlkanal 7 befindliche Kühlöl abgege- ben wird und damit im Kolbenkopf 10 verbleibt, sondern der Hauptanteil der Wär¬ memenge vom Kolbenkopf 10 wegtransportiert wird.In a third exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 4, in which the evaporator sides 6a likewise form part of the piston crown 1, the condenser sides 6b end using conical headers in the crankshaft end of the engine compartment, ie the heat pipes are guided through the cover 8 of the cooling channel and injected by one or more cooling oil nozzles arranged there (not illustrated). This ensures that not all of the amount of heat absorbed on the combustion chamber side is dissipated to the cooling oil located in the cooling channel 7. ben and thus remains in the piston head 10, but the main portion of the heat flow is transported away from the piston head 10.
Zur Realisierung eines geringen Wärmeübergangswiderstandes zwischen Wärme¬ rohren 6 und Kolbenkopf 10 bestehen diese bevorzugt aus gleichem Stahlmaterial, wobei die Bohrungen 5 und der Außendurchmesser der Wärmerohre derart ausge¬ führt sind, dass die Wärmerohre 6 mit dem Kolbenkopf 10 mittels einer Presspas¬ sung oder mittels einer Löt- oder Schweißverbindung, auch Reibschweißverbindung, verbunden sind.To realize a low heat transfer resistance between the heat pipes 6 and the piston head 10, these preferably consist of the same steel material, the bores 5 and the outside diameter of the heat pipes being designed such that the heat pipes 6 communicate with the piston head 10 by means of a press fit or by means of a soldering or welding connection, also Reibschweißverbindung connected.
Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass die Bohrungen 5 zur Aufnahme der Wärme¬ rohre 6 neben einem zur Kolbenachse A parallelem Verlauf auch unter einer Neigung zur Kolbenachse, je nach Ausgestaltung der Verbrennungsmulde bzw. Wandstärke zwischen Verbrennungsmulde 2 und Kühlkanal 7, angeordnet sein kann (nicht darge¬ stellt), so dass die Verdampferseite 6a der Wärmerohre einen Wandsteg 9 oder direkt einen Teil der Wand der Verbrennungsmulde, entsprechend der vorangegan¬ gen Ausführungsbeispiele, bildet, wobei die Kondensatorseite im Kühlkanal 7 endet. It is within the scope of the invention that the bores 5 for receiving the Wärme¬ tubes 6 in addition to a parallel to the piston axis A course also under an inclination to the piston axis, depending on the design of the combustion bowl or wall thickness between the combustion bowl 2 and cooling channel 7 may be arranged (not illustrated) so that the evaporator side 6a of the heat pipes forms a wall web 9 or directly a part of the wall of the combustion mold, according to the preceding embodiments, the condenser side ending in the cooling channel 7.
Bezugszeichenreference numeral
Kolbenkopf 10Piston head 10
Kolbenboden 1Piston bottom 1
Verbrennungsmulde 2Combustion bowl 2
Ringpartie 3Ring game 3
Ringwand 4Ring wall 4
Bohrungen für Wärmerohre 5Holes for heat pipes 5
Wärmerohr 6Heat pipe 6
Verdampferseite 6aEvaporator 6a
Kondensatorseite 6bCapacitor side 6b
WärmerohrkopfteilHeat pipe headboard
-kegelförmig 6c-Cone-shaped 6c
-zylinderförmig 6dcylindrical 6d
Verbindungsnaht 6eJoint 6e
Wärmerohrunterteil 6fHeat pipe bottom 6f
Kühlmittel 6gCoolant 6g
Kühlkanal 7Cooling channel 7
Kühlkanalabdeckung 8Cooling channel cover 8
Wandsteg 9Wall bridge 9
Kolbenachse A Piston axis A

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Kühlkanalkolben für einen Verbrennungsmotor, mit einem aus Stahl geschmie¬ deten Kolbenkopf (1 ), der eine Verbrennungsmulde (2) im Kolbenboden (1 ), eine Ringwand (4) mit Ringpartie (3) sowie einem auf Höhe der Ringpartie umlau¬ fenden, mittels einer Abdeckung (8) verschließbaren Kühlkanal (7) umfasst, wobei im Kühlkanal auf seinem Umfang verteilt eine Vielzahl zum Kolbenboden hin gerichtete Bohrungen (5) angeordnet sind, und der einen Kolbenschaft auf¬ weist, welcher mit am Kolbenkopf angehängten Kolbennaben verbundenen ist. dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mit einer Verdampfer- (6a) und Kondensatorseite (6b) versehene, flüssig¬ keitsgefüllte Wärmerohre (6) in den Bohrungen (5) des Kühlkanals (7) angeord¬ net sind, wobei die Anordnung derart erfolgt, dass die Verdampferseiten (6a) am kolbenbodenseitigen Ende der Bohrungen und die Kondensatorseiten (6b) im verschlossenem Kühlkanal (7) enden.1. A cooling channel piston for an internal combustion engine, comprising a piston head (1) made of steel, which surrounds a combustion recess (2) in the piston head (1), an annular wall (4) with a ring section (3) and a ring section at the level of the ring section , by means of a cover (8) closable cooling channel (7), wherein distributed in the cooling channel on its circumference a plurality of directed towards the piston crown holes (5) are arranged, and has a piston skirt auf¬ has, which is connected to the piston head attached to the piston hub , characterized in that liquid-filled heat pipes (6) provided with an evaporator (6a) and condenser side (6b) are arranged in the bores (5) of the cooling channel (7), the arrangement being such that the sides of the evaporator (6a) end at the piston bottom end of the bores and the condenser sides (6b) in the closed cooling channel (7).
2. Kühlkanalkolben für einen Verbrennungsmotor, nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Bohrungen (5) eine vor dem Kolbenboden (1) endende Bohrungstiefe (Bτ) aufweisen, so dass zwischen den Verdampfersei¬ ten (6a) der Wärmerohre und dem Kolbenboden (1) ein Wandsteg (9) aus Kol¬ benmaterial besteht.Second cooling channel piston for an internal combustion engine, according to claim 1, characterized in that the bores (5) in front of the piston head (1) ending bore depth (B τ ), so that between the Verdampfersei¬ th (6 a) of the heat pipes and the piston crown (1) a wall web (9) consists of Kol¬ benmaterial.
3. Kühlkanalkolben für einen Verbrennungsmotor, nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Bohrungen (5) eine sich bis zum Kolbenboden (1 ) erstreckende Bohrungstiefe (Bτ) aufweisen, sodass eine der Verdampferseiten (6a) der Wärmerohre (6) einen Teil des Kolbenbodens (1 ) bilden.3. cooling duct piston for an internal combustion engine, according to claim 1, characterized in that the bores (5) extending to the piston head (1) bore depth (B τ ), so that one of the evaporator sides (6a) of the heat pipes (6) has a part of the piston head (1) form.
4. Kühlkanalkolben für einen Verbrennungsmotor, nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wärmerohre (6) im Bereich des Auftreffens der Brennstrahlen angeordnet sind. 4. cooling channel piston for an internal combustion engine, according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat pipes (6) are arranged in the region of the impact of the combustion jets.
5. Kühlkanalkolben für einen Verbrennungsmotor, nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kondensatorseiten (6b) der Wärmerohre durch die Abdeckung (8) des Kühlkanals (7) geführt ist.5. cooling duct piston for an internal combustion engine, according to claim 1, characterized in that the condenser sides (6 b) of the heat pipes through the cover (8) of the cooling channel (7) is guided.
6. Kühlkanalkolben für einen Verbrennungsmotor, nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kondensatorseite (6b) der Wärmerohre mittels Kühlöl aus einer im Motorraum angeordneten Düse beaufschlagt ist.6. cooling channel piston for an internal combustion engine, according to claim 5, characterized in that the capacitor side (6b) of the heat pipes is acted upon by cooling oil from a nozzle arranged in the engine compartment.
7. Kühlkanalkolben für einen Verbrennungsmotor, nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die in die Bohrungen (5) eingebrachten Wärmerohre (6) mit dem Kolbenkopf (1 ) unlösbar mittels einer Löt-, Schweiß- oder Klebeverbin¬ dung oder mittels einer Presspassung verbunden sind.7. cooling duct piston for an internal combustion engine, according to claim 1, characterized in that in the bores (5) introduced heat pipes (6) with the piston head (1) inextricably connected by means of a soldering, welding or Klebeverbin¬ or by means of a press fit are.
8. Kühlkanalkolben für einen Verbrennungsmotor, nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wärmerohre aus einem zylindrischen oder kegelför¬ migen Kopfteil und einem zylindrischen Wärmerohrunterteil bestehen, die mit¬ einander unlösbar verbunden sind.8. cooling duct piston for an internal combustion engine, according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat pipes consist of a cylindrical or kegelför¬ shaped head part and a cylindrical heat pipe lower part, which are inextricably connected mit¬ each other.
9. Kühlkanalkolben für einen Verbrennungsmotor, nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, das die Achsen der Bohrungen (5) parallel zur Kolbenachse (A) verlaufen. 9. cooling channel piston for an internal combustion engine, according to claim 1, characterized in that the axes of the bores (5) parallel to the piston axis (A).
EP05774024A 2004-08-11 2005-08-10 Cooling duct piston for an internal combustion engine comprising heat pipes Withdrawn EP1778965A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004038946A DE102004038946A1 (en) 2004-08-11 2004-08-11 Cooling channel piston for an internal combustion engine with heat pipes
PCT/DE2005/001411 WO2006015585A1 (en) 2004-08-11 2005-08-10 Cooling duct piston for an internal combustion engine comprising heat pipes

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1778965A1 true EP1778965A1 (en) 2007-05-02

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US (1) US7603977B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1778965A1 (en)
JP (1) JP4909269B2 (en)
KR (1) KR101210098B1 (en)
CN (1) CN101018942A (en)
BR (1) BRPI0514305A (en)
DE (1) DE102004038946A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2006015585A1 (en)

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KR20070050068A (en) 2007-05-14
US20070251487A1 (en) 2007-11-01
CN101018942A (en) 2007-08-15
JP2008509338A (en) 2008-03-27
BRPI0514305A (en) 2008-06-10
JP4909269B2 (en) 2012-04-04
KR101210098B1 (en) 2012-12-07
DE102004038946A1 (en) 2006-02-23
US7603977B2 (en) 2009-10-20

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