EP1766179A1 - Outil d' elargissement et de stabilisation a mettre en oeuvre dans un trou de forage - Google Patents
Outil d' elargissement et de stabilisation a mettre en oeuvre dans un trou de forageInfo
- Publication number
- EP1766179A1 EP1766179A1 EP05754525A EP05754525A EP1766179A1 EP 1766179 A1 EP1766179 A1 EP 1766179A1 EP 05754525 A EP05754525 A EP 05754525A EP 05754525 A EP05754525 A EP 05754525A EP 1766179 A1 EP1766179 A1 EP 1766179A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tubular body
- tool according
- cutting
- cutting arms
- piston
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/26—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers
- E21B10/32—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers with expansible cutting tools
- E21B10/322—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers with expansible cutting tools cutter shifted by fluid pressure
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a widening and stabilizing tool to be used in a borehole, comprising a tubular body to be mounted between a first section of a drill string and a second section thereof, this tubular body having an axial cavity and, peripherally, housings provided with an opening towards the outside, a knife element housed in each aforementioned housing, this knife element comprising at least two cutting arms articulated between them and on the tubular body and movable between a withdrawal position in which they are inside their housing and an extension position in which they are deployed outside, a motor means arranged inside the tubular body axially offset from the above knife elements and capable of slackening movement between two extreme positions, and transmission means capable of transmitting the movement of the motor means to the articulated cutting arms of each knife element, in a first of said extreme positions of the motor means, the cutting arms of each element knife being in their retracted position and, in a second of said extreme positions, the cutting arms being in their
- the object of the present invention is therefore to develop a widening and stabilization tool which is very resistant, offers wider possibilities of widening than the tools currently available on the market and avoids the aforementioned fouling problems.
- a widening and stabilization tool to be used in a borehole as indicated at the beginning, tool in which, in the arms extension position of cutting each knife element, these cutting arms form between them and the tubular body of the tool a closed space vis-à-vis the outside. Chips resulting from drilling and / or widening cannot therefore penetrate below the joints of the cutting arms. Even in the extended position, the housing cannot be clogged.
- the tool according to the invention has a ratio between the diameter of the borehole widened by the cutting arms in the extended position and the external diameter of the tool greater than or equal to 1, 3, of preferably around 1.5.
- the cutting arms have, between their retracted position and their extended position, an intermediate position beyond which, when a displacement towards the extended position is considered , a force exerted on the cutting arms by a formation to be eroded is, by the transmission means, converted into traction on the driving means in the direction of its aforesaid second extreme position.
- the cutting arms prevent chip invasion of the space below them, they form a sufficiently small angle between them that the force of reaction to enlargement imparted by the formation to be eroded on the arms of cutting goes in the same direction as the force impressed by the motor on the cutting arms to bring them in extended position. The system thus becomes self-locking in the extended position and it is no longer even really necessary to apply the driving force.
- each knife element comprises a first and a second cutting arm, the first cutting arm being articulated, on the one hand, on the tubular body by means of a first pivot axis and, on the other hand , on the second cutting arm by a second pivot axis, this second cutting arm being in turn articulated by a third pivot axis on the aforementioned transmission means, and, in the extended position of the cutting arms, only the second pivot axis is located outside the tool.
- the above-mentioned closed space formed between the two cutting arms and the body tubular has a triangular shape having an apex angle which is located inside the housing.
- the drive means is a hollow piston, capable of sliding in the axial cavity of the tubular body
- the transmission means comprise, for each housing, a slide connected to each knife element and capable of sliding in its housing, an elongated slot provided in the tubular body between the housing and said axial cavity and a projection of the slide which passes through said slot and which bears on the piston so as to follow the latter in its axial displacement , the hollow piston closing off any communication of fluid between the housings and the axial cavity of the tubular body while allowing circulation of the drilling mud through the tool.
- each housing has a bottom, two parallel side walls arranged at a distance from each other and two front walls, each cutting arm and the slide each have a width corresponding to said distance and slide along said side walls during an extension of the cutting arms.
- the cutting arms are laterally supported on each of the side walls, a first cutting arm at a first end and one of the front walls bearing one on the other by first mutually cooperating surfaces, this first arm cutting at a second end and a second cutting arm at a first end bearing on each other by second cooperating surfaces, while the second cutting arm at a second end and the slide at a first end bear on one another by third cooperating surfaces.
- the cutting arms of the tool are particularly well supported in their extended position by the walls of the housing and the slide. The forces are transmitted by the arms themselves to other parts by mutual support on surfaces shaped so as to be able to cooperate and the pivot axes are therefore relieved of these tensions.
- the tool comprises an activation device which axially maintains the hollow piston inside the tubular body in an initial position in which the cutting arms are in the retracted position in their housing and which is capable of releasing the hollow piston at an appropriate time, thereby enabling it to effect its axial displacement as a function of a pressure of hydraulic fluid, and at least one return spring which opposes this axial displacement and returns the hollow piston to its initial position when the hydraulic pressure decreases.
- the tool according to the invention further comprises a deactivation device which, in the active position, is capable of immobilizing the hollow piston in its initial extreme position where the cutting arms of the knife elements are in the withdrawn position.
- the tool may comprise, inside the tubular body, a capture device which can be activated in a capture position in which the hollow piston is captured by this device when, under the action of the return spring, it returns to its original position.
- the tool comprises the activation device and the capture device arranged on one and the same side of the hollow piston, which makes it possible to avoid the presence or the passage of structural elements. between the housings of the cutting arms and the axial cavity of the tubular body through which the drilling mud flows.
- Figures 1 and 2 show two perspective views, partially broken, of a tool according to the invention in the retracted position and respectively in the extended position.
- Figures 3 and 4 show the same tool in axial section.
- Figures 5 to 8 show cross-sectional views of the tool according to Figures 3 and 4, along the lines V-V, VI-VI, VII-VII and VIII-VIII.
- Figures 9 to 11 show perspective views, partially broken, of an activation device and a deactivation device in the form of a mechanical capture device, in the non-activated position, in the activation position of the activation device and respectively in the activation position of the capture device.
- Figures 12 and 13 are schematic representations of the forces acting on the cutting arms in the position of start of extension and end of extension.
- FIGS. 15 and 16 represent, in views in axial section, a variant of activation and deactivation device, in the non-activated position.
- identical or analogous elements are designated by the same references.
- Figures 1 to 4 is illustrated a widening and stabilization tool to be implemented in a borehole.
- This tool comprises a tubular body 1 to be mounted between a first section of a drill string and a second section thereof.
- This tubular body 1 has an axial cavity 2 in which the drilling mud flows.
- the tubular body 1 comprises housings 3 provided with an opening towards the outside.
- a knife element 4 is housed in each housing 3 and it has two cutting arms 5 and 6 hinged together.
- the cutting arm 5 is articulated, on the one hand, on the tubular body 1 via a pivot axis 7 and, on the other hand, on the cutting arm 6 via the axis pivot 8.
- the cutting arm 6 is also articulated by the pivot axis 9 on a transmission means which is in the example illustrated in the form of a slide 10.
- the withdrawal position of the arms 5 and 6 in their housing is illustrated in Figures 1 and 3 and their extension position in Figure 2. It can be noted that the knife elements 4 may have more articulated arms than two.
- the knife elements are of course provided with cutting inserts and the surface of the arms is shaped in the example illustrated to present in the extended position a front zone 11 inclined towards the front which is intended to produce a widening of the borehole during the descent of the tool and a central zone 12 substantially parallel to the axis of the tool in the arm extension position, this central zone being intended to stabilize the tool with respect to to the enlarged hole.
- the tubular body 1 has a reduced thickness, which makes it possible to form deep housings.
- a driving means which in the illustrated embodiment is designed in the form of a hollow piston 15 is arranged inside the tubular body 1 which is in an axially offset position relative to the knife elements 4 and which allows unhindered sludge circulation inside the tubular body.
- a transmission slide 10 extends in each housing 3 so that it can slide longitudinally there.
- each slide 10 has, in this example, a projection 16 which penetrates inside the tubular body 1 by passing through an elongated slot 17.
- the slides 10 thus take support on the hollow piston 15.
- the hollow piston separates, on the one hand, the axial cavity 2 from the tubular body and, on the other hand, the housings 3 where a slide 10 can move.
- one of the faces front 76 of the piston is in contact with the hydraulic fluid formed by the drilling mud circulating in the drill string, this mud being able to accumulate in the annular chamber 60, by radial holes 19 in communication with the axial cavity 2.
- the opposite front face 77, 78 of the piston is, as already said, bearing on the projections 16 of the slides 10, as well as on a return spring seat 73.
- the return spring 18 and the slide 10 are in communication with outside pa r the opening towards the outside of the housings 3 and are therefore in a medium which presents the pressure of the hydraulic fluid present in the borehole.
- the return spring 18 is also supported, at its end opposite the piston, on the tubular body 1 of the tool.
- the hollow piston can slide between two extreme positions, one illustrated in figure 1 where the internal hydraulic pressure does not exceed the external pressure added by the force of the return spring and the other illustrated in figure 2 where the hydraulic pressure interior exceeds exterior.
- the return spring 18 is then compressed by displacement of the piston 15 upwards. This movement causes the slide 10 to slide upwards and therefore deploy the cutting arms in the extended position.
- the sliders are held radially in their housing by lateral tabs 74 (see FIG. 6) which slide in lateral slots of the tubular body 1, thus preventing radial detachment of the slider 10.
- each housing for the knife elements has a bottom 20, two parallel side walls 21 and 22, arranged at a distance from each other and two front walls 23 and 24.
- the cutting arms 5 and 6 and the slide each have a width corresponding to said distance between the side walls 21 and 22 and, to reach the extended position, the arms slide along the side walls and the slide slides over the bottom 20 of the housing without the space 14 is open to the outside.
- the side walls 21 and 22 of the housing 3 frame the slides, of which only one pivot axis 8 is located outside.
- the resistance forces exerted by the formation to be eroded during the forward movement of the tool, and the force exerted by the tool on the formation via the cutting arms they are mainly absorbed by the arms themselves and the slide 10, by relieving the pivot axes 7, 8 and 9 of these constraints.
- the cutting arms are articulated to one another by fingers 28 and respectively 29 and 30 which are nested so that these fingers have an overall width corresponding to the distance between the side walls 21 and 22 of the housing. At the joint between the slide 10 and the cutting arm 6, corresponding fingers can be provided.
- the pivot axis 8 is offset towards the outside with respect to a plane passing through the pivot axes 7 and 9.
- the slide 10 is provided with a trigger finger 31, which, as shown in Figures 1 and 3, is in contact with the underside of the cutting arm 5 in the withdrawing position of the knife element.
- This trigger finger is arranged to be able to slide through the cutting arm 6 and it raises the cutting arm 5 when the slider is caused to slide on the bottom of its housing.
- FIG. 12 when the extension of the cutting arms 5 and 6 is triggered, these first form an angle ⁇ 1 of large amplitude.
- the cutting arm 6 receives a driving force F1 from the slider 10 which is oriented to the right of the drawing.
- the formation to be eroded reacts with a force F2 directed on the cutting arm 6, which transmits to the slide a pushing force F3 in the opposite direction to the driving force F1.
- the cutting arms form an angle ⁇ 2 significantly smaller than the angle ⁇ 1.
- the reaction force F5 of the rock is directed on the cutting arm 6 so that the force F6 transmitted to the slide is directed in the same direction as the driving force F4.
- the system is self-locking and one can even do without a hydraulic drive of the hollow piston 15.
- the constricted passages 32 are in communication with the axial cavity 2 by perforations 33 serving as filtering means.
- the tool comprises an activation device and, as deactivation device, a capture device which are located on the same side of the piston 15, and in particular on the side opposite to the knife elements, which makes it possible to avoid transmission between one or the other of these devices and an extension of the piston below the knife elements, which would have the disadvantage of reducing the possible thickness of the cutting arms and volume of the housings.
- the activation device in a tool according to the invention must be capable of axially holding the hollow piston 15 inside the tubular body in an initial position in which the cutting arms are in the retracted position, so as to allow example a lowering of the tool without problem in the borehole.
- the activation device is capable of releasing the hollow piston allowing it to effect its axial displacement.
- the piston 15 is extended by two successive extension tubes 34 and 35 which are screwed onto it. They extend inside the tubular body 1, which itself is extended by a joining element 36 which serves for its connection to the drill string.
- This junction element 36 is covered in its internal cavity with 3 successive sockets 37, 38 and 39 which are screwed to one another and which are fixedly fixed to the junction element 36 by fixing pins 40
- an external tubular sliding drawer 41 which is connected to the extension tube 35 of the piston by several shear pins 42.
- an internal tubular sliding drawer 43 which is connected, on the one hand, to the extension tube 34 by shear pins 44 and, on the other hand, to a sleeve 45 disposed between the extension tube 35 of the piston 15 and the successive sockets 37 to 39 of the junction element 36 of the tubular body 1, by means of connecting pins 46 which pass through elongated slots 47 provided in an axial direction in the extension tube 35.
- the tubular body has stop means which prevent a sliding of the external tubular sliding drawer 41 and of the piston 15 in the non-activated position of the tool.
- the extension tube 34 of the piston 15 is provided with 'an internal housing in which is arranged an elastic clamp 50 which surrounds the internal tubular sliding drawer 43.
- the sleeve 38 of the joining element 36 is also provided with an internal housing in which is arranged another clamp elastic 51 which surrounds the sleeve 45.
- the activation device comprises a latch 70 which, in a closed position, axially maintains the hollow piston inside the tubular body in said initial position, and an electrical control member 71, connected to an activator 72 of the lock and capable of thus controlling a movement of the lock in an open position where it releases the hollow piston or an extension 75 thereof.
- the tool comprises a lock which, in a closed position, keeps the capture device in an inactive position and an electrical control member, connected to a lock activator and capable of thus controlling movement of the lock in an open position in which it releases the capture device so that it performs a movement in said capture position.
- the activation device and the deactivation device are in the inactive position.
- the piston 15 and the slide 10 are arranged relative to each other by a positioning pin 101 and the piston maintains in a fixed position, inside its cavity, a tubular drawer 102, by means of shear pins 103.
- an intermediate sleeve 105 is arranged between the piston and the downstream end of the tubular slide 102.
- This intermediate sleeve is fixedly connected to the piston 15, it projects out of the piston in the downstream direction and there have peripheral orifices 104 which allow penetration of the sludge into the annular chamber 60 where they exert a pressure inside the tool on the front surface 76 of the piston 15, in the upstream direction.
- the annular chamber 60 therefore represents the engine side of the piston. In the position illustrated in FIG.
- the intermediate sleeve 105 is supported on a stop ring 106, fixedly connected to the drill string by fixing screws 107. Downstream of this stop ring 106, a sliding tube 108 is arranged around the downstream part of the intermediate sleeve 105 and it is fixed to the latter by a shear pin 109. In its upstream part, this sliding tube is supported on the stop ring 106. In the position illustrated in FIGS. 15 and 16, the pressure of the sludge inside the cavity 2 and therefore of the annular chamber 60 does not exceed the pressure outside the tool plus the force of the return spring 18. The piston is therefore in its initial position where the cutting arms 5 and 6 are in their withdrawn position.
- the shear pins 103 are sheared.
- the tubular slide 102 is thus freed and projected downstream to bear on a support shoulder 111 provided inside the cavity of the intermediate sleeve 105.
- the passage of sludge is then restored by the lateral holes 1 2 of the tubular drawer 102 which become unobstructed from their position as illustrated in FIG. 16.
- the drawer 102 has a thinned central part which guarantees there the presence of an annular space 113 between the drawer 102 and the piston 15.
- this annular space 113 connects the annular chamber 60 and the side of the piston in contact with the outside. In the example illustrated, this communication with the outside takes place through the peripheral orifices 114.
- the piston is immobilized because the sludge pressure inside the annular chamber 60 (motor side of the piston 15) remains lower. at the pressure of the sludge outside added to the force of the return spring 18. It can even be envisaged that the surfaces on which these internal and external pressures are based are such that when the drawer 102 is in the deactivation position, for example the play of forces involved, the piston is pushed down. To the return force of the spring, a hydraulic return force is therefore added. We have in this way a more efficient retraction system, since it receives its energy from both the spring and the drilling fluid.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Drilling Tools (AREA)
- Drilling And Boring (AREA)
- Gripping On Spindles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| BEPCT/BE2004/000083 | 2004-06-09 | ||
| PCT/EP2005/052613 WO2005124094A1 (fr) | 2004-06-09 | 2005-06-07 | Outil d’elargissement et de stabilisation a mettre en oeuvre dans un trou de forage |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1766179A1 true EP1766179A1 (fr) | 2007-03-28 |
| EP1766179B1 EP1766179B1 (fr) | 2007-10-31 |
Family
ID=34957690
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP05754525A Expired - Lifetime EP1766179B1 (fr) | 2004-06-09 | 2005-06-07 | Outil d' elargissement et de stabilisation a mettre en oeuvre dans un trou de forage |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (3) | US7401666B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP1766179B1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN1965145B (fr) |
| AT (1) | ATE377130T1 (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA2568909C (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE602005003135T8 (fr) |
| NO (1) | NO334140B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2005124094A1 (fr) |
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| CN105781424A (zh) * | 2016-05-03 | 2016-07-20 | 周兆弟 | 钻杆可变径钻头机构 |
| SG11201901538PA (en) * | 2016-11-15 | 2019-03-28 | Halliburton Energy Services Inc | Top-down squeeze system and method |
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| CA3008735C (fr) | 2017-06-19 | 2025-08-05 | Nuwave Ind Inc | Outil de coupe a jet d'eau |
| CN108222836A (zh) * | 2018-01-03 | 2018-06-29 | 西南石油大学 | 一种双向扩眼钻井工具 |
| CN110005347B (zh) * | 2019-04-18 | 2024-11-12 | 四川宏华石油设备有限公司 | 一种管具扶正装置 |
| CN110748299B (zh) * | 2019-11-08 | 2021-01-05 | 西南石油大学 | 一种天然气水合物开采复合破碎超变径钻头 |
| GB2597799A (en) | 2020-08-07 | 2022-02-09 | Coretrax Tech Limited | Cleaning tool and method |
| CN113006699B (zh) * | 2020-12-10 | 2024-12-20 | 苏州安能捷工具有限公司 | 一种石油钻井扩眼结构 |
| CN112832729B (zh) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-10-28 | 中煤科工集团沈阳研究院有限公司 | 一种水力机械造穴装置、使用方法、及造穴工艺 |
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-
2005
- 2005-06-07 CA CA2568909A patent/CA2568909C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-06-07 EP EP05754525A patent/EP1766179B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2005-06-07 AT AT05754525T patent/ATE377130T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-06-07 CN CN2005800187996A patent/CN1965145B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-06-07 DE DE602005003135T patent/DE602005003135T8/de active Active
- 2005-06-07 WO PCT/EP2005/052613 patent/WO2005124094A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2005-06-08 US US11/147,935 patent/US7401666B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2007
- 2007-01-08 NO NO20070117A patent/NO334140B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2008
- 2008-06-25 US US12/146,160 patent/US7584811B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2009
- 2009-08-28 US US12/550,310 patent/US7975783B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2005124094A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2005124094A1 (fr) | 2005-12-29 |
| DE602005003135T2 (de) | 2008-08-21 |
| CA2568909C (fr) | 2011-11-15 |
| DE602005003135D1 (de) | 2007-12-13 |
| NO20070117L (no) | 2007-03-07 |
| CA2568909A1 (fr) | 2005-12-29 |
| NO334140B1 (no) | 2013-12-16 |
| DE602005003135T8 (de) | 2009-01-08 |
| US7401666B2 (en) | 2008-07-22 |
| ATE377130T1 (de) | 2007-11-15 |
| US20080257608A1 (en) | 2008-10-23 |
| US20050274546A1 (en) | 2005-12-15 |
| EP1766179B1 (fr) | 2007-10-31 |
| US7975783B2 (en) | 2011-07-12 |
| CN1965145B (zh) | 2010-05-05 |
| CN1965145A (zh) | 2007-05-16 |
| US7584811B2 (en) | 2009-09-08 |
| US20090314548A1 (en) | 2009-12-24 |
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