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EP1759601A1 - Procédé et dispositf pour le traitement thermique de matières en vrac, en particulier matériaux végétaux organiques - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositf pour le traitement thermique de matières en vrac, en particulier matériaux végétaux organiques Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1759601A1
EP1759601A1 EP06119168A EP06119168A EP1759601A1 EP 1759601 A1 EP1759601 A1 EP 1759601A1 EP 06119168 A EP06119168 A EP 06119168A EP 06119168 A EP06119168 A EP 06119168A EP 1759601 A1 EP1759601 A1 EP 1759601A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
section
angle
sections
process gas
relative
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP06119168A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1759601B1 (fr
Inventor
Arkadiusz Druzdzel
Marek Sieredzinski
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
International Tobacco Machinery Poland Sp zoo
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International Tobacco Machinery Poland Sp zoo
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Publication date
Application filed by International Tobacco Machinery Poland Sp zoo filed Critical International Tobacco Machinery Poland Sp zoo
Priority to PL06119168T priority Critical patent/PL1759601T3/pl
Publication of EP1759601A1 publication Critical patent/EP1759601A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1759601B1 publication Critical patent/EP1759601B1/fr
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
    • A24B3/04—Humidifying or drying tobacco bunches or cut tobacco
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
    • A24B3/12—Steaming, curing, or flavouring tobacco

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for thermal processing of loose materials, particularly organic plant materials, for obtaining desired organoleptic properties of these materials, the desired final humidity and/or obtaining an increase of the specific volume.
  • This invention is particularly useful for drying tobacco material, such as leaves, veins and/or cut tobacco.
  • the batch material for thermal processing of organic plant materials are leaves, particularly tobacco leaves, in any of various different forms, including whole leaves or parts thereof, veins of tobacco leaves, tobacco foils, fillings for cigars, cut filling for cigarettes, so called cut tobacco, wastes (shavings) and/or crumbs of tobacco, and also any combination of materials containing tobacco and/or any other organic plant material in any form and proportions.
  • thermal processing step typically follows the above mentioned steps and which particularly relates to material which has been already ground before.
  • known methods and devices are used, which enable thermal processing.
  • all these known methods are only a part of a more complex process. Because of the origin and nature of a processed material (natural plant materials, particularly tobacco materials) and its physical-chemical properties, as well as employed initial processing steps and additives improving mechanical and organoleptic properties of the product, and desired physical-chemical changes in the material and the additives due to the thermal processing, the process requires such a kind of thermal processing, which allows to obtain many required parameters simultaneously.
  • the problem may concern obtaining proper, desired and preferable chemical reactions between compounds contained in the material and/or introduced thereinto as a result of previous processing steps, in order to produce desired chemical compounds, which determine organoleptic properties of the final product, i.e., after finishing the step of thermal processing.
  • the subject matter of the present invention is a method for thermal processing of loose materials, particularly organic plant materials, and still more particularly tobacco material, wherein loose material is exposed to a process gas in a continuous mode, the method being carried out in multiple steps.
  • a process gas for which a stream of transported energy, preferably including thermal energy, is adjusted independently for every step of the method.
  • the temperature of the thermodynamic medium in a form of a process gas, preferably pure air and/or air saturated with another gas, is in the range of 20 - 400°C.
  • the process gas is injected into a near-wall layer of the processed material via a set of one or several nozzles, positioned and controlled separately in each of process sections, under a pressure from 0,2 hPa to 1 MPa.
  • the processed material is put into rotary motion, preferably in each of the steps, with a speed adjusted separately for each of the steps and a layer of the processed material is formed at the inner surface of the section.
  • the rotary motion of the material is generated around axes, inclination angle of which relative to the horizontal direction is adjusted separately for every section, depending on desired quality parameters of the final product, the process gas being fed concurrently and/or backwardly relative to the rotating processed material, at an angle of adjusted magnitude, and glued together fibers of the processed material are defibrated.
  • the process gas is saturated steam or dry overheated steam.
  • the temperature of the process gas reaches 400°C, while the gas is injected under a pressure in the range from 0,1 MPa to 0,7 MPa.
  • the invention also relates to a device for thermal processing of loose materials, particularly organic plant materials, comprising at least one process section, having a form of a body of revolution with a variable and/or constant cross-section.
  • a device for thermal processing of loose materials particularly organic plant materials
  • Each of multiple sections of the device is equipped with an inlet stub pipe and outlet stub pipe for a process gas.
  • At least one additional nozzle for the process gas is located in at least one of the process sections, the nozzle being directed at an angle relative to the direction of rotation of the process section and situated at an adjusted angle relative to a tangent to the cross-section of the process section and at a constant angle relative to the horizontal axis, measured in the plane of this cross-section.
  • the distance between the nozzle outlet and the axis of rotation of process sections is smaller than the radius of the section's cross-section drawn in the plane of the location of the nozzle.
  • At least one process section is located partially in the inner space of the next section, maintaining the distance from the inner surface of the section body, the distance enabling a free flow of the processed material, the axes of rotation of the both sections mutually intersecting at an adjusted angle, while the angle between generators of conical bodies of the both sections is in the range of 0 - 30°.
  • bodies of the process sections are preferably frusto-conical, and the angles of inclination of the cone side surfaces in subsequent sections are diversified and are obtuse angles or acute angles.
  • angles of inclination of axes of rotation relative to the horizontal direction are diversified for different sections and depend on proportions of their diameters, and the angle of inclination of cone generators relative to the horizontal direction is in the range of 0 - 30°.
  • the differences between the distance of the nozzle outlets from axes of rotation of the process sections and the radii of the process sections' cross-sections drawn in the planes of locations of the nozzles, are in the range from 1 mm to 150 mm.
  • the inclination angle of the additional nozzle for the process gas relative to the horizontal direction, measured in the plane of this cross-section, is between 40° and 140°, preferably 50° and 100°.
  • the invention enables thermal processing of loose materials, particularly organic plant materials, for example leaves and/or cut tobacco, which are fed to the device and processed in a continuous mode.
  • the device may comprise several sections, in which, separately, basic parameters of the thermal process are controlled, such as temperature of the dryer jacket, temperature and mass flow rate of the process gas, residence time of the processed material in subsequent thermal zones, etc.
  • the advantage of the adjustment of the inclination angle of the axis of rotation for each section is obtaining a preferred inclination of the lower edge of a rotating section, such that the duration of passing of the material through the section is important for the quality parameters, and, as a result, inter alia, the time of contact between the material and the casing of the process section is within a desired range.
  • the invention allows for optimization of the angle of injection of the process gas jet relative to the inner surface of the process section by adjustment of the angle between the nozzle axis and the tangent to the inner surface of the process section. This enables obtaining optimal and preferred kinetic energies necessary to tear out a layer/stream of material adhering to the inner surface of the process section.
  • the proposed design of the process sections according to the invention and the possibility of adjustment of their inclination angles advantageously affect proportions between different mechanisms of thermodynamic and chemical processes, particularly intensity of the heat energy transfer to the material, particularly between the convection-type heat transfer (from the hot process gas) and the conduction-type heat transfer (from inner surfaces of the process sections).
  • a device for thermal processing of loose materials comprises several rotating process sections 2, 4, 5 arranged in series, in which thermal processing of loose materials is carried out, the materials being fed to the first of the process sections by means of a feeding device 1.
  • a feeding device 1 may be for example a vibratory feeder or a belt feeder.
  • Process sections 2, 4, 5 have bodies in form of cylinders or truncated cones, the longitudinal axes of which, as shown in figs. 1 and 2, are situated at different angles.
  • the main stream of a process gas is delivered to each of these sections by means of devices, which are known in the art and are not shown in the illustration, the gas being sucked at the section's outlet.
  • an additional nozzle 3 is located in each of the process sections 2, 4, 5, delivering the process gas directly to a layer of the processed material adhering to walls of the process section, acting as a hydrodynamic scraper, for example a pneumatic scraper.
  • the thermally processed material is received by a collecting device 6 mounted at the outlet from the last process section, for example in a form a vibratory feeder or a belt feeder.
  • Fig. 3 shows another example of an arrangement of process sections, in which a portion of one section is located within the next section.
  • the bodies of the sections In the lower zone, between the bodies of the sections there is a free space allowing for free flow of the material.
  • Mutual inclination of the axes of the both sections is adjusted, this facilitating free flow of the material.
  • the angle ⁇ 2 between the generators of the conical bodies of these sections is within the range of 0 - 30°.
  • the angle ⁇ 2 may be in the range of 0 - 20°.
  • Each section 2, 4, 5 may have differently shaped inner surface.
  • the inner surface may be smooth and/or may have specially formed bulges/recesses and/or blades.
  • Figs. 4 a-e show possible exemplary geometrical configurations of the process sections 2, 4, 5.
  • the geometrical configuration of the sections' bodies may be selected in an arbitrary sequence within a single device.
  • the angle ⁇ of inclination of the rotation axis of every section relative to the horizontal direction is adjusted depending on the proportion D1/D2, i.e., the dimensions of the diameters of the material's inlet and outlet from the process section.
  • the angle ⁇ is adjusted within such a range that the lower edge of the section's body is inclined relative to the horizontal direction at the angle ⁇ 1 of 30°.
  • Figs. 6 and 6a show angular orientation of an additional gas nozzle 3. According to fig.
  • the gas nozzle 3, delivering the process gas is situated for delivering a stream of the process gas concurrently or backwardly relative to a layer of rotating processed material, at an adjusted angle ⁇ relative to the horizontal direction, in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation.
  • the angle ⁇ may range from 40 to 140°, preferably from 50 to 100°.
  • the nozzle is inclined at an adjusted angle ⁇ relative to the tangent to the surface of the section's cross-section, the angle ⁇ being adjusted in the range 10 - 170° relative to that tangent.
  • process parameters for each of the process sections 2, 4 and/or 5 are adjusted and controlled individually, separately and in independent ranges.
  • the first process section 2 may be treated as a section in which intensive transfer of thermal energy to the material proceeds, via conduction from walls of the rotary section as well as via convection from the process gas, for example air.
  • the process gas for example air.
  • this section inter alia, free, not bound chemically with the material, liquid substances contained within the cellular structure of the material, particularly free water and its solutions undergo the phase transition to steam.
  • evaporation pressure within the cellular structure of the material increases significantly, and as a consequence thereof increases the volume of particles of the processed material. This process is called swelling and/or expanding of the material.
  • the next, at least one process section 4 has, for example, a function of drying and/or so-called roasting of the material simultaneously.
  • several, independently located and controlled gas nozzles 3 several thermal zones are created within one process section 4, in which different process parameters are maintained, thus obtaining a desired level of drying, desired kinetics of heat energy transfer to the material (and as a result also drying), and also, by selection of the material's transition time through the process sections, a proper kinetics of chemical reactions of the material and its components, all this resulting in obtaining desired organoleptic changes and avoiding changes which are not desired.
  • each of the sections 2, 4, 5 is adjusted in another range, rotations of the section 2 being adjusted in the range of 0 - 300 rpm, while rotations of the section 4 being adjusted in the range of 0 - 100 rpm, preferably in the range of 0 - 50 rpm.
  • High rotational speeds for the sections 2, 4 are advantageous since such speeds enable the centrifugal force to be in a range, which allows a layer of the material to be kept at the wall of the rotating section.
  • a process gas of high kinetic energy is delivered via the additional nozzle 3, and collision of two backward streams is caused, namely the stream of coming out gas and the stream of the material, which is kept within a near-wall zone by the centrifugal force of the rotating section 2.
  • the impact of the gas stream with the material stream causes tearing out the material particles from the walls of the process section 2 and simultaneously causes particularly intensive transfer of the heat energy of the gas delivered via the nozzle 3 to the processed material adhering to the walls of the section 2.
  • An additional, advantageous effect of such processing is separation of fibers (defibration) of the processed material, which has been intentionally ground as a result of previous steps of the process.
  • the process gas is delivered via nozzle 3 under a pressure in the range from 0,2 hPa to 1 MPa, preferably in the range from 0,1 MPa to 0,7 MPa, and in the range of temperature which depends on expected results of the thermal processing.
  • the temperature of the process gas is from 20°C to 400°C, preferably from 80°C to 300°C.
  • pure air and/or air saturated with another gas is employed as the process gas, and also saturated and/or dry steam, or overheated steam may be used.

Landscapes

  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Fruits And Vegetables (AREA)
EP06119168A 2005-08-31 2006-08-18 Procédé et dispositf pour le traitement thermique de matières en vrac, en particulier matériaux végétaux organiques Not-in-force EP1759601B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL06119168T PL1759601T3 (pl) 2005-08-31 2006-08-18 Sposób i urządzenie do obróbki termicznej materiałów sypkich, zwłaszcza pochodzenia roślinnego

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL376849A PL376849A1 (pl) 2005-08-31 2005-08-31 Sposób i urządzenie do obróbki termicznej materiałów sypkich, zwłaszcza pochodzenia roślinnego

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1759601A1 true EP1759601A1 (fr) 2007-03-07
EP1759601B1 EP1759601B1 (fr) 2010-04-28

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06119168A Not-in-force EP1759601B1 (fr) 2005-08-31 2006-08-18 Procédé et dispositf pour le traitement thermique de matières en vrac, en particulier matériaux végétaux organiques

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1759601B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE465649T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE602006013910D1 (fr)
PL (2) PL376849A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2513609A (en) * 2013-05-01 2014-11-05 Dickinson Legg Ltd Drying apparatus
CN104445036A (zh) * 2014-11-17 2015-03-25 山东中烟工业有限责任公司 一种烟草加香系统及料液流量控制方法

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104522868B (zh) * 2014-12-05 2016-04-20 山东中烟工业有限责任公司 一种提高白肋烟烤机出口烟叶水分均匀性的方法及装置
CN111165857B (zh) * 2020-02-28 2022-04-19 广西中烟工业有限责任公司 一种烟片贮叶工艺
CN117848018A (zh) * 2024-01-12 2024-04-09 厦门烟草工业有限责任公司 物料干燥方法、系统以及可读存储介质

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4572218A (en) * 1983-10-27 1986-02-25 Proctor & Schwartz, Inc. Remoistening of tobacco
EP0273596A1 (fr) * 1986-11-28 1988-07-06 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Procédé et appareil pour le traitement de matières en particules
WO1997027766A1 (fr) * 1996-02-02 1997-08-07 Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corporation Procede et appareil de sechage de tabacs a duree de sejour reduite
EP0917828A2 (fr) * 1997-11-20 1999-05-26 British-American Tobacco (Germany) GmbH Procédé et dispositif de régulation de l'humidité de sortie du tabac
DE19945892A1 (de) * 1999-09-24 2001-04-05 Bat Cigarettenfab Gmbh Konditioniertrommel

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4572218A (en) * 1983-10-27 1986-02-25 Proctor & Schwartz, Inc. Remoistening of tobacco
EP0273596A1 (fr) * 1986-11-28 1988-07-06 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Procédé et appareil pour le traitement de matières en particules
WO1997027766A1 (fr) * 1996-02-02 1997-08-07 Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corporation Procede et appareil de sechage de tabacs a duree de sejour reduite
EP0917828A2 (fr) * 1997-11-20 1999-05-26 British-American Tobacco (Germany) GmbH Procédé et dispositif de régulation de l'humidité de sortie du tabac
DE19945892A1 (de) * 1999-09-24 2001-04-05 Bat Cigarettenfab Gmbh Konditioniertrommel

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2513609A (en) * 2013-05-01 2014-11-05 Dickinson Legg Ltd Drying apparatus
CN104445036A (zh) * 2014-11-17 2015-03-25 山东中烟工业有限责任公司 一种烟草加香系统及料液流量控制方法
CN104445036B (zh) * 2014-11-17 2017-11-10 山东中烟工业有限责任公司 一种烟草加香系统及料液流量控制方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE602006013910D1 (de) 2010-06-10
PL376849A1 (pl) 2007-03-05
EP1759601B1 (fr) 2010-04-28
ATE465649T1 (de) 2010-05-15
PL1759601T3 (pl) 2010-09-30

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