EP1748122B1 - Stair comprising a mounting device and a cantilever step made of glass or synthetic material - Google Patents

Abstract

The building staircase has the steps freely cantilevered from a the building structure. Each step (10) is made up of multiple laminated glass panels attached to the wall by brackets. Each bracket has jaws with clamping bolts to tension the jaws against the step tread.

Description

The invention relates to a staircase with a fastening device and at least one freely projecting step, wherein the fastening device is to be connected to a building part, wherein the step consists of one or more glass or plastic layers of translucent or opaque glass or plastic, for example acrylic glass.

Spiral staircases of various kinds are known from the prior art.

From the US-A-1,446,454 a spiral staircase is known in which the steps made of stone rest on steel tubs or steel consoles, and the steel tubs or steel brackets are connected to the spindle. The preparation of such a spiral staircase with steel tubs or steel consoles is expensive, since a separate production of steel tubs and consoles is required. The same applies to spiral staircases with a steel cheek on the outer radius and often also on the inner radius of the spiral staircases, with the steel trough welded to the inside and outside of the steel cheeks. These constructions require a large amount of space and are expensive due to expensive welding work. It is essential, moreover, that such stairs act extremely bulky, which is ultimately due to the substructure of the stage.

In addition, from the FR-A-23 17442 a staircase known in which the individual stages are indeed embedded cantilevered in the building wall, but the steps are still connected to each other by bolts and thus supported each other. The required load-bearing capacity is given to the steps by reinforcing bars inserted in the steps, to which the bolts which connect the individual steps to one another are also articulated.

In addition, spiral staircases are known in which the step consists of two horizontally divided layers, between the layers of a reinforcement of a glass fiber fabric is glued, and wherein the individual stages are also supported on each other by bolts.

As already explained elsewhere, such stairs act, especially if substructures under the individual steps are provided, extremely powerful and are therefore only conditionally suitable for installation in light-flooded open spaces.

From the EP 757 741 in this context, although a spiral staircase is known, in which the steps are made of natural stone, the steps are not in communication with each other, which compared to the other prior art greater ease of such construction results, but many have expressed the desire to make a staircase that appears essentially almost invisible as a design object.

In this context is from the DE 37 04 524 A1 a staircase, z. B. also known as a spiral staircase, with steps, the steps are made of acrylic glass. However, the type of mounting the step in the spindle is not described.

The German utility model DE 90 14 864.9 U1 describes a clamp holder for plates, in particular for plates made of glass. Here, two jaws are provided between which the glass plate is held clamped. The jaws also have a centering with a pin that projects through a hole arranged in the plate.

Furthermore, from the WO 03/091516 A1 a holder for a glass sheet known, for example, to serve as a railing, wherein the holder is designed in the manner of a clamping claw. The clamping claw is formed in cross-section approximately U-shaped and receives the glass plate in the region of the legs fixing.

The invention has for its object to provide a fastening device for a cantilevered step made of glass or plastic.

An attachment device of such a step made of glass or acrylic glass with one or more glass layers is characterized according to the invention in that the fastening device comprises two jaws arranged vertically spaced from one another on a web, between which the step is arranged.

In particular, since glass, but also acrylic glass, has a certain brittleness, it is necessary that the step is held over part of its surface by the jaws. In particular, the jaws are preferred in this respect clamping means, being clamped by the clamping means, the step between the jaws, so that it is held in an adhesive fit. Clamping means can in this case be bolts, which are passed through corresponding holes in the jaws. By tightening the bolts and the corresponding clamping of the step by the jaws, a secure mounting of the stage. It is also conceivable that the bolts are passed through the stage. However, it must be ensured that the bolts do not come into contact with the surrounding material of the step, otherwise there is a risk of cracking. That is, the forces for holding the steps must be applied non-positively.

Advantageous features of the invention are described in detail in the subclaims.

In order to prevent punctiform stresses from being introduced into the step as a result of unevenness between the jaw and the surface of the step, it is provided according to a further feature of the invention that a damping material, eg. As a rigid PVC, which transfers the high pressure generated by the screws evenly on the clamped part of the stage.

According to a variant, it is provided that the step has at least one layer of acrylic glass, wherein in the layer of acrylic glass, a reinforcement is embedded. To accommodate the reinforcement, the layer of acrylic glass has at least one parallel to the longitudinal axis of the step extending slot for receiving the reinforcement, z. B. in the form of a steel bar. Here, the slot is preferably incorporated as a groove on the top of the at least one layer of acrylic glass, so that the reinforcement can be inserted from above. The reinforcement, z. B. in the form of a steel rod is materially bonded by gluing or potting with the acrylic glass.

In the case of a glass step which, as already explained, has at least one but preferably several glass layers, at least one layer consists of a laminated safety glass. In this context, it has been found to be advantageous for the bearing capacity of such a step when such a layer of laminated safety glass is biased. Such a level with laminated safety glass increases the safety in case of a break, because no large parts splinter.

According to a further feature of the invention, it is provided that the step with one or more layers of glass or acrylic glass has a covering layer of natural stone and in particular marble. Since marble is also very brittle and therefore such a layer of marble hardly contributes to increasing the carrying capacity, it is provided that between the layer of natural stone and the at least one further layer, a reinforcement, for. B. in the form of a plastic film is provided. In particular, opaque rocks are known, so that the light shines through the lighting even through the top layer of natural stone. Reinforcements in the form of plastic films can also be provided between the individual glass layers.

Fig. 1

zeigt eine gewendelte Treppe aus mehreren übereinander angeordneten Stufen aus Glas oder Acrylglas, wobei die einzelnen Stufen in der Wand verankert sind;

Fig. 2

zeigt eine derartige Stufe im Ausschnitt, wobei insbesondere auch die Art der Befestigung der Stufe an der Wand dargestellt ist;

Fig. 3

zeigt eine andere Ausführungsform einer Befestigungsvorrichtung;

Fig. 4

zeigt im Schnitt den Aufbau einer Stufe aus Acrylglas mit einer Armierung in Form eines Stahlstabes.

With reference to the drawings, the invention will be explained in more detail below by way of example.

Fig. 1

shows a spiral staircase of several superimposed stages of glass or acrylic glass, with the individual steps are anchored in the wall;

Fig. 2

shows such a step in the neck, in particular, the type of attachment of the step is shown on the wall;

Fig. 3

shows another embodiment of a fastening device;

Fig. 4

shows on average the construction of a stage made of acrylic glass with a reinforcement in the form of a steel bar.

According to Fig. 1 takes the designated 1 wall on the several stages 10, 100 on. The steps 10, 100 are tapered tapering toward the center; However, they can also be straight.

The attachment of such a step on the wall results in particular from the illustration according to Fig. 2 , The step designated 10 is received by the generally designated 20 fastening device. The fastening device 20 comprises a web 21 in the form of a metal plate, wherein the web 21 has two horizontally extending jaws 22 and 23, which are preferably welded to the web. The vertical distance between the two jaws corresponds approximately to the strength of the level 10. The jaws also have holes 24 for receiving Schraubt bolt 24 a to hold the captured between the jaws stage in this area can. Between stage and jaw is in each case a damping layer 19 made of plastic. It should be pointed out in this connection that the bore 24 also continues through the step 10, so that the threaded bolt 24a penetrates both the two jaws and the step. In particular, two such bolts 24a are provided for attachment of the step by means of the fastening device on the wall. The fixation of the web 21 on the wall by means of so-called anchor bolt 30, which are preferably embedded in the wall, z. B. are shed in the wall by polymer concrete.

It should be noted at this point that such attachment by means of jaws is also suitable for mounting such a step on a spindle. The attachment of the steps to the spindle takes place correspondingly on the narrow side of the steps. The attachment of the web to the spindle can be made by screws.

The training of level 10 also results in detail Fig. 2 , Thus, the step 10 shows several layers 11, 12, 13 and 14 made of glass or acrylic glass (Plexiglas ^® ), wherein instead of the layer 14, a layer of a natural stone, for. As marble, may be provided. In particular, the middle layers 12 and 13 may also be made of white glass in one glass step, but individual layers should be made of laminated safety glass to provide the required bearing capacity of the step. In particular, as a laminated safety glass and a so-called biased laminated safety glass are used, whereby the carrying capacity of such a level is increased again and the required security is to ensure even in an extreme case occurring breakage of a stage.

The step, as a glass or acrylic glass stage, has a total height of about 60-80 mm, wherein the individual layers have a thickness between 12 and 15 mm. In particular, it can also be provided to provide plastic meshes as reinforcements between the individual layers in the region of their connection, the individual layers being glued together in the region of this plastic mesh.

Another variant of the attachment results from the Fig. 3 , The fastening device 50 comprises a U-shaped support 51, which is embedded in the masonry 52. The U-shaped support has on its upper side on the leg or the jaw 53, the bolt 54, which has a punch 55 at the end. With the punch 55, the bolt 54 pushes against the total designated 100 level. Below the punch 55 is a layer 56 made of hard PVC, which ensures that the punch does not press directly on the step 100. The two legs or jaws 53, 57 are connected by the web 51 a. The abutment to the bolt 54 with the punch 55 is through the leg 57 of the U-shaped carrier 51 is formed, as it turns out Fig. 3 results. Above the leg or jaw 57 is again a layer 56 of hard PVC to avoid punctiform loading of the stage.

The step 100 itself consists of a layer 110 of acrylic glass, in which a reinforcement 120 is embedded in the form of a metallic rod. For this purpose, the layer 110 of acrylic glass has a groove into which the metallic rod is inserted and glued or potted in this groove with the acrylic glass layer. Preferably, two such bars 120 are provided in the acrylic glass layer in order to give the step the necessary stability with a corresponding projection with a length of up to 1.5 m.

It should be emphasized at this point again that the step can not only consist of one layer of acrylic glass, but also of several layers glued together, which leads to an increase in the carrying capacity, especially when the individual layers by plastic mesh with each other stand, because such plastic mesh also have the function of a reinforcement. However, this does not mean that the reinforcement of steel rods can be dispensed with, especially with long stages.

Furthermore, it is again pointed out at this point that the acrylic glass layer can also be provided with a cover layer of natural stone, which, however, in the drawing according to Fig. 3 has been omitted. The natural stone layer is also bonded to the acrylic layer by gluing, whereby a reinforcement in the form of a plastic mesh can likewise be provided between the acrylic glass layer and the natural stone cover layer.

Such a step structure results FIG. 4 , The step denoted there by 100 has an acrylic glass layer 110 and a hard PVC layer 115 arranged thereon with a natural stone layer 116 lying thereon. The layers are glued together. Visible, the acrylic glass layer 110 has a reinforcement in the form of two parallel to the longitudinal axis extending steel rods 120, wherein the acrylic glass layer 110 has two grooves for receiving just these steel bars 120, which may be formed as a flat steel.

Claims (13)

1. A stair with a fastening apparatus (20; 50) and at least one cantilever step (10; 100), said fastening apparatus being intended for connection to a building part (1), said step (10; 100) being made from one or several glass or plastic layers (11, 12, 13, 14) made from translucent or opaque glass or plastic material, such as acrylic glass,
   characterized in
   that said fastening apparatus (20, 50) includes two vertically spaced apart jaws (22; 53, 57) disposed on a transverse bar (21; 51 a), with said step (10; 100) being interposed between said two jaws.
2. The stair as set forth in claim 1,
   characterized in
   that the jaws (22, 23; 53, 57) comprise clamping means (24a; 54, 55), said clamping means (24a; 54, 55) clampingly retaining the step (10, 100) between the jaws (22, 23; 53, 57).
3. The stair as set forth in claim 2,
   characterized in
   that the clamping means are threaded bolts (24a; 54).
4. The stair as set forth in claim 3,
   characterized in
   that the threaded bolts (24a; 54) extend through corresponding holes (24) provided both in the jaws (22, 23) and in the step (10).
5. The stair as set forth in any one of the afore mentioned claims,
   characterized in
   that a layer (19) of dampening material such as hard PVC is provided between the jaws (22, 23) and the step (10).
6. The stair as set forth in one or several of the afore mentioned claims,
   characterized in
   that the step (10), which comprises several glass layers (11, 12, 13, 14), comprises at least one layer of laminated sheet glass.
7. The stair as set forth in claim 6,
   characterized in
   that the glass layers (11, 12, 13, 14) are glued together.
8. The stair as set forth in any one of the afore mentioned claims,
   characterized in
   that the step (100) comprises at least one layer (110) of acrylic glass, a reinforcement (120) being embedded in the acrylic glass layer.
9. The stair as set forth in claim 8,
   characterized in
   that the acrylic glass layer (110) comprises at least one slot (111) for receiving a reinforcement (120), e.g., in the form of a steel rod, said slot extending parallel to the longitudinal axis of the step.
10. The stair as set forth in claim 9,
    characterized in
    that the slot (111) is configured as a groove on the top side of the layer (110) of hard PVC.
11. The stair as set forth in claim 9,
    characterized in
    that the reinforcement (120) is glued or molded to the layer (110) of acrylic glass.
12. The stair as set forth in any one of the afore mentioned claims,
    characterized in
    that the step (10; 100) comprises a top layer (14; 116) of natural stone, more specifically of marble.
13. The stair as set forth in claim 12,
    characterized in
    that there is provided a reinforcement, e.g., in the form of a plastic grid (115), between the top layer (14; 116) of natural stone and the at least one glass layer.

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