EP1637685A2 - Ensemble cadre de fenêtre - Google Patents
Ensemble cadre de fenêtre Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1637685A2 EP1637685A2 EP05020079A EP05020079A EP1637685A2 EP 1637685 A2 EP1637685 A2 EP 1637685A2 EP 05020079 A EP05020079 A EP 05020079A EP 05020079 A EP05020079 A EP 05020079A EP 1637685 A2 EP1637685 A2 EP 1637685A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- window
- frame assembly
- frame
- glass
- window frame
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005329 float glass Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052743 krypton Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N krypton atom Chemical compound [Kr] DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 30
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001976 improved effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000409898 Empodisma minus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001074085 Scophthalmus aquosus Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011796 hollow space material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004941 influx Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009418 renovation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/54—Fixing of glass panes or like plates
- E06B3/58—Fixing of glass panes or like plates by means of borders, cleats, or the like
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/04—Wing frames not characterised by the manner of movement
- E06B3/06—Single frames
- E06B3/08—Constructions depending on the use of specified materials
- E06B3/20—Constructions depending on the use of specified materials of plastics
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a window frame assembly made from profiles.
- Window frame assemblies are well known in the art, for example made from wood, aluminium, plastic and the like.
- the assembly usually comprises an outer frame wherein means are provided for fastening the frame inside the opening provided in the building element, for example an outer wall.
- a second frame is provided inside the outer frame which second frame may be opened in relation to the first frame whereby it is possible to gain access to the outside or create ventilation through the openable window.
- first and second frames are connected by means of hinges and some type of handle device which usually also may function as a locking device such that the window may only be opened from one side.
- Another aspect in some regions of the world is to decrease the amount of sunlight coming in through the windows, especially when there are large exterior areas of the building covered by glass.
- the incoming sunlight also transmits a lot of heat into the anterior of the building such that it is necessary to ventilate or use air condition in order to make the interior of such a building comfortable. It is also used to provide an exterior film which is heat reflective.
- E ref energy balance
- the present invention addresses this by providing a window frame assembly where said assembly comprises a first outer frame adapted to be fastened to another building element and a second inner frame, which second frame is openable in relation to the first frame, and that said second frame comprises means for holding a window glass pane, for example double- or triple glazing window panes, where the panes are arranged in parallel at a certain distance, and that the distance is maintained by spacers, wherein the profiles are made from a composite material comprising fibres and a resin.
- composite material comprising fibres and resin makes it possible to make very shallow and thin profiles due to the high strength of the material. Furthermore, the material is substantially flexible such that the brittleness usually associated with high strength materials is, due to the composite material comprising resin and fibres transformed into a high strength material with a very ductile characteristic such that very shallow and thin profiles may be used for making the frames of the window frame assembly which at the same time fulfils the requirements to strength both for openable and non-openable window assemblies.
- the composite material used within the present invention has very low heat conductivity capabilities which in particular when the material is shaped into relatively thin profiles, provides for very good insulation.
- the composite material only exhibits minimal creep.
- PVC which is also used in manufacturing window frames will when exposed to the environment exhibit a relatively large degree of creep. Enough such that normally it is necessary to reinforce the PVC panels with steel brackets in order to counter this problem.
- the entire U-value of the complete window frame assembly including the glass may be maintained at a very low value substantially close to 1 W/m 2 /K.
- the composite profiles may be combined with timber profiles. This is particularly interesting on the side of the window frame which is to face the interior of the building in that for aesthetic reasons, it may be more desirable with a wood finish, and wood not exposed to the outside environment has a minimal maintenance requirement. At the same time, it is a relatively cheap material which exhibits good strength and insulating properties.
- the extent of the frame in the plane of the window of the first and second frames is between 40 mm and 55 mm, more preferred between 43 mm and 48 mm and most preferred between 44 mm and 47 mm.
- the energy balance E ref for a window frame assembly comprising a window glass pane of the double glazing type having two parallel 4 mm float glass panes separated by 20 mm argon filled space, where said window glass pane is sealed, is higher than -35 kWh/m 2 and more preferred higher than -25 kWh/m 2 and most preferred higher than -20 kWh/m 2 .
- the described glass construction comprising two parallel panes of glass each having a thickness of 4 mm float glass separated by a 20 mm argon filled space is a traditional construction of socalled low energy window panes where the equivalent U-value is approximately 1.18 W/m 2 /K.
- the variation in the energy balance E ref is affected by the choice of seal which is used to separate the glass pane and at the same time keep the distance between the two parallel glass panes of the window glazing.
- the E ref for a window constructed according to the features of the present invention is approximately -30 kWh/m 2 whereas when a stainless steel seal is used, the E ref is approximately equally to -23 kWh/m 2 , and the best results are achieved when the seal is a combined plastic and steel/metal foil seal such that a plastic member is introduced between the panes in order to keep the distance, and a steel/metal foil/tape is used in order to hermetically close the space between the two window panes. With this construction, E ref is approximately -17 kWh/m 2 .
- the corresponding overall U-value for a construction according to the present invention is approximately 0.8 W/m 2 k.
- the window construction fulfils the requirements listed in Germany regarding insulation and light for a so-called "Passivhaus".
- the profiles are made by a pultrusion or an extrusion process. This facilitates a fairly economic way of mass producing the profiles which thereafter may be further processed into window frame assemblies.
- the fibres may be chosen among glass fibres, carbon fibres, plastic fibres, preferably polypropylene or polyvinylchloride based fibres, either only one type of fibres or a mix of more types of fibres.
- the fibre materials whether they are glass, carbon or plastic fibres, provide extra ductility to the matrix where the strength-giving component is the resin. In this manner, a high strength material having a high ductility may be achieved which is suitable for producing the inventive window frame assembly according to the invention.
- the combination of high strength and high ductility makes it feasible to produce very shallow profiles which due to the fibre enforcement have a high strength and high ductility.
- the choice of materials within this invention also foresees that the frames may be readily treated with water based paints. This makes it possible to alter the appearance of the flames as desired for example in connection with the rest of the house being painted. Tests indicate that painting the inorganic surface in this manner may provide effective protection for up to 10 years or more. In comparison, wooden frames must be treated every 3-5 years.
- the invention in a further advantageous embodiment provides for a frame construction where the second frame means for holding the window glass panes, is in the shape of two assembled sub-profiles, where a first sub-profile is of generally L-shape, such that one leg of the L optionally comprises a drip nose, and the other leg of the L comprises an integrated seal, adapted to seal against the glass, and a tongue or groove arranged outside the area where the glass is in contact with the L, and that the second sub-profile also is of generally L-shape, where one leg of the L extends a distance substantially corresponding to the thickness of the window pane and that a groove or tongue is arranged at the tip of the leg, for engagement with the corresponding tongue or groove arranged in the first sub-profile, and that the other leg on one side of the leg is adapted to be brought into contact with the window glass, and on the opposite is provided with a groove in which groove a seal may be arranged.
- the second frame may very easily and very accurately be arranged around, the periphery of the window glass such that a very firm connection between the glass and the frame may be achieved and at the same time standardised frame profiles may be utilised such that by changing for example the first sub-profile, different presentations of the entire window frame assembly may be achieved at a very low cost.
- the first outer frame provides the entire window frame assembly with its integrity and therefore needs to be made substantially stronger than the second frame.
- the first outer frame comprises a profile having at least one hollow substantially rectangular section, and that on the side of the profile which in use will be facing away from the second frame, one or more indentations are arranged, and that means may be provided on the side of the profile which in use is on the interior side of the window frame assembly, where said means are suitable for fastening an interior window frame or sill made from for example wood.
- the strength of the material is provided substantially by the outer regions of the material. Therefore, the advantageous profiles according to the present invention may be produced with a hollow interior which does not affect the overall strength of the construction but on the other hand provides improved insulating properties and a light weight construction which during the fitting of the windows in the buildings provides further advantages.
- the types of buildings where it is usually desirable to improve the passive energy influx from the sun are typically older houses and especially during renovation of the older house, it is advantageous to replace existing old-fashioned windows with the inventive window frame assembly according to the present invention.
- the construction may be overall lighter, and that this type of work usually takes place from a scaffold, the overall handling of the windows by the personnel carrying out the work may be eased.
- the window frame assemblies are made from composite materials which may be moulded or extruded into substantially any shape in that the integrity and interior strength of the materials are very high
- traditional window designs may be contemplated with the present invention such that similar frame designs, only slimmer may be made according to traditional designs such that both the advantages of lighter overall windows and higher energy balance may be achieved.
- Prototypes of the present window frame assembly has indicated that the overlap of the sub-profiles of the second frame profile may advantageously be maintained such that the legs of the L of the two sub-profiles adapted for engagement with the window glass, overlap the glass by 2 mm to 20 mm, more preferred 4 mm to 15 mm and most preferred 5 mm to 10 mm, and that the entire length of the overlapping legs of the L is from 10 mm to 40 mm, more preferred between 15 mm and 30 mm and most preferred between 18 mm to 25 mm. Therefore, in comparison to traditional window frame assemblies, the size of the inventive frame assemblies according to the invention is substantially reduced due to the use of the composite materials.
- a further advantage with the present invention is the possibility to combine the composite profiles with timber/wood members.
- Architects have a desire to create buildings with larger and larger glass facades, and often without visible supports or support structures.
- the large, often 6x6 m or 6x15 m facade sections are due to building code requirements and lack of internal strength in the window panels and/or frames supported by steel structures. Although the steel structures are optimised, they often create aesthetic undesirable details.
- large facade sections of the type mentioned above may be created as independent self-carrying structures. This is done by maintaining the outer profiles made from a composite material and connecting these profiles with horizontal and vertical timber members, having a relatively slim cross section and thereby a relatively high moment of inertia in one direction. The slim profile does not affect the overall E ref factor, and the architect therefore enjoys the large glass facade without interference from a steel construction, and at the same time, the window frame sections are strong enough to address the constructional requirements.
- Antennas may for example be embedded such that coreless control of the opening/closing of the windows may be facilitated or security systems may be embedded in the frames.
- the material may be given special characteristics. For example, it is possible to add fire dampening agents to the material such that the overall frame construction may be fire rated in a higher protection class.
- the window comprises a window frame construction comprising a first outer frame 1 and a second inner frame 2.
- the inner frame is openable in relation to the outer frame 1 such that ventilation i.e. fresh air may be conveyed through the window.
- Means for opening the openable sections of the window are provided by the handles 3. Due to the very shallow construction of the window frame assembly according to the invention in the illustrated example, the second frame profile is so shallow that it is not possible to arrange the opening mechanism 3 on the frame which is usually the way in which this is done.
- the handles 3 may be attached to the glass itself according to the principle of the applicant's co-pending Danish utility model BA 2004 00197 which hereby is incorporated by reference.
- a further advantage achieved for this particular design of window is the fact that the middle section separating the four openable sections of the window may be made substantially slimmer than the traditional constructions such that even better E ref -values may be achieved than what is possible with traditional constructions of this type and such that the E ref -values may be substantially higher than mentioned above when comparing the inventive window frame assembly with the traditional window frame assemblies.
- the window frame assembly comprises a first outer frame 1 and a second inner frame 2.
- a double glazing glass pane 4 is arranged in the second frame 2.
- the glazing is made up of two sheets of float glass 5,5' arranged in parallel which are separated by a space element 6.
- the space element may advantageously as explained above be chosen as a plastic member 7 which is sealed off with a seal/metal foil 8 whereby the best E ref -values are obtained.
- a space 9 is provided in the space between the two glass sheets 5, 5'. This space may advantageously be filled with an inert gas such as for example argon.
- the second frame 2 is made up of two sub-profiles 10,11.
- Both sub-profiles are of a generally L-shaped configuration.
- a groove 12 is provided in which a seal may be arranged for sealingly engaging the glass sheet 5.
- a drip nose 13 may be arranged at the other leg of the L, when the sub-profile 10 is adapted for use in the lower part of the window.
- a second groove 14 is provided which groove is adapted to receive a tongue 15 arranged in the second sub-profile 11.
- the second sub-profile 11 is also of a generally L-shaped configuration such that one leg 15 of the L is adapted to overlap and engage the window glass 5' and the second leg 16 of the L substantially spans the distance between the two glass sheets 5,5' plus seals provided on either side between the L-shaped sections of the first and the second profiles 10,11.
- the second leg portion 16 of the second sub-profile 11 is provided with a tongue for engagement with the corresponding groove in the first sub-profile. In this manner, the two sub-profiles may be assembled in order to constitute the second inner frame in the window frame assembly.
- the second sub-profile 11 may furthermore be provided with a groove 17 facing away from the plane of the window glass in which groove 17 a resilient seal may be arranged for closing the gap between the second inner frame and the first outer frame.
- the first outer frame 1 comprises a first outer part which is of a substantially rectangular shape 20 surrounding a hollow interior space 21 which provides insulating properties.
- a further substantially rectangular hollow space 22 is provided in order to provide the necessary stiffness and size of the first outer frame in order to accommodate the second inner frame.
- An indentation 23 is provided along the outer edge of the first frame 1. This indentation 23 is provided in order to be able to insert a resilient flexible seal between the window frame assembly and the building component into which the window to be arranged.
- the first frame is furthermore provided with means 24 for fitting an interior sill 25 in this example for example a wood sill such that from the interior, a traditional wooden appearance may be provided.
- the composite material may be given any colour and that fillers or other materials may be introduced into the composite matrix in order to provide improved temperature ability or insulating properties.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Wing Frames And Configurations (AREA)
- Securing Of Glass Panes Or The Like (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DKPA200401408 | 2004-09-15 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1637685A2 true EP1637685A2 (fr) | 2006-03-22 |
| EP1637685A3 EP1637685A3 (fr) | 2008-04-02 |
Family
ID=35457738
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP05020079A Ceased EP1637685A3 (fr) | 2004-09-15 | 2005-09-15 | Ensemble cadre de fenêtre |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1637685A3 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2641727A1 (fr) | 2012-03-21 | 2013-09-25 | Fiberline A/S | Procédé et appareil de prévention de ponts thermiques dans des éléments structuraux renforcés par fibres |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DK200400197U3 (da) | 2004-07-09 | 2005-10-28 | P T V Holding Aps | Fastgörelse af greb |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2184930A1 (fr) * | 1996-09-06 | 1998-03-07 | Stephen D. Thwaites | Bloc cadre et fermeture etanche |
| CH691616A5 (de) * | 1996-12-23 | 2001-08-31 | Dfs Technology & Service Ag | Kunststoff-Fenster und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung. |
| SK392002A3 (en) * | 1999-07-15 | 2002-10-08 | Schueco Int Kg | Hollow plastic section |
| CA2292209C (fr) * | 1999-12-15 | 2008-01-29 | Vic De Zen | Cadre moule |
| DE20019100U1 (de) * | 2000-11-10 | 2002-03-21 | Krecké, Edmond Dominique, Beaufort | Fenster und Tür sowie Schließeinrichtung mit erheblich verbesserter Wärmeisolation |
| US20030126812A1 (en) * | 2001-05-03 | 2003-07-10 | Peter Folsom | Casement window |
| DE10217045B4 (de) * | 2002-04-17 | 2005-09-29 | Interpane Glasbeschichtungsgesellschaft Mbh & Co | Passivhaus-taugliches Verglasungselement |
-
2005
- 2005-09-15 EP EP05020079A patent/EP1637685A3/fr not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DK200400197U3 (da) | 2004-07-09 | 2005-10-28 | P T V Holding Aps | Fastgörelse af greb |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| RÅDVAD CENTERET: "HEAT LOSS OF WINDOWS", November 2001, THOMAS KAMPMANN |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2641727A1 (fr) | 2012-03-21 | 2013-09-25 | Fiberline A/S | Procédé et appareil de prévention de ponts thermiques dans des éléments structuraux renforcés par fibres |
| EP2641726A1 (fr) | 2012-03-21 | 2013-09-25 | Fiberline A/S | Procédé et appareil de prévention de ponts thermiques dans des éléments structuraux renforcés par fibres |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1637685A3 (fr) | 2008-04-02 |
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