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EP1624083A2 - Process for manufacturing aerosol cans - Google Patents

Process for manufacturing aerosol cans Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1624083A2
EP1624083A2 EP05354027A EP05354027A EP1624083A2 EP 1624083 A2 EP1624083 A2 EP 1624083A2 EP 05354027 A EP05354027 A EP 05354027A EP 05354027 A EP05354027 A EP 05354027A EP 1624083 A2 EP1624083 A2 EP 1624083A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pions
alloy
process according
pins
housing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP05354027A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1624083A3 (en
EP1624083B1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Maurice Bulliard
Guenter Hoellrigl
Cédric Fanton
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Trivium Aluminium Packaging France SAS
Original Assignee
Boxal France SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Boxal France SAS filed Critical Boxal France SAS
Publication of EP1624083A2 publication Critical patent/EP1624083A2/en
Publication of EP1624083A3 publication Critical patent/EP1624083A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1624083B1 publication Critical patent/EP1624083B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
    • C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/043—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/05—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys of the Al-Si-Mg type, i.e. containing silicon and magnesium in approximately equal proportions
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S72/00—Metal deforming
    • Y10S72/715—Method of making can bodies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4998—Combined manufacture including applying or shaping of fluent material
    • Y10T29/49982—Coating
    • Y10T29/49986—Subsequent to metal working

Definitions

  • the aerosol containers are generally made from an aluminum alloy comprising 99.7% by weight of aluminum, also called A7 or EN AW-1070A according to standard NF EN 573-3, or more particularly from an aluminum alloy comprising 99.5% by weight of aluminum, also called A5 or EN AW-1050A according to standard NF EN 573-3.
  • the alloy used is usually formed into pions of a predetermined diameter. A strip is obtained by continuous casting, hot rolling then cold. The pions are then cut and heat-annealed. Then, the aerosol containers are made from the pins by means of a cold-shock spinning step before an internal varnish is applied inside the housing and a printing step is not performed on the outer wall of the housing.
  • the alloys A5 and A7 make it possible to produce the pins in a continuous manner and they have elongation and ductability properties that are particularly suitable for forming the aerosol containers.
  • the mechanical characteristics of these alloys drop substantially during the step of applying a varnish inside the housing.
  • the walls of the housing must be thick, which leads to a significant consumption of raw material.
  • Patent Application FR-A-2457328 proposes to produce an aerosol casing using an aluminum alloy of the Aluminum-Magnesium-Silicon (Al-Mg-Si) family.
  • the method of manufacturing aerosol casings comprising such an alloy is to perform a semi-continuous casting for forming different Al-Mg-Si alloy plates.
  • the plates then require an eight hour heat treatment at 585 ° C to homogenize the alloy.
  • they are hot and cold rolled and cut to form pions of a predetermined diameter.
  • the pions are then annealed in an oven at 460 ° C for one hour. Once removed from the oven, the pions are cooled to room temperature. In fact, in contact with the ambient air, the temperature of the pions decreases from 400 ° C to 200 ° C in forty minutes and then very slowly and linearly until equilibrium.
  • the pions are subsequently shaped into aerosol cans by cold shock spinning.
  • an internal varnish is applied in each housing and a polymerization step is carried out at a temperature between 180 ° C and 250 ° C for twenty minutes.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a manufacturing method making it possible to obtain aerosol packages having, for the same thickness, improved mechanical properties compared with the aerosol packages according to the prior art and more particularly with respect to the aerosol cans.
  • A5 alloy aerosols while remaining easy to implement, industrializable and less expensive.
  • the temperature of the pins is lowered exponentially by about 400 ° C. in two and a half hours.
  • the forced cooling of the pins can be achieved by forced air or immersion in water.
  • Such an alloy makes it possible in particular to carry out a continuous casting.
  • the aluminum alloy is fused in an oven and then poured continuously, in liquid form, on a casting wheel comprising, for example, a water cooling system.
  • a casting wheel comprising, for example, a water cooling system.
  • This makes it possible to form a continuous band and solidified aluminum alloy.
  • the strip is rolled after hot rolling on a reel before being subsequently unrolled to be cold rolled. The rolling operation reduces the thickness of a strip to a predetermined thickness.
  • the strip is then cut on a cutting press to form pins or discs with a predetermined diameter according to the desired dimensions for the final housings.
  • the pions undergo a heat treatment or annealing, of a duration, preferably, between four hours and a half and five hours and at a temperature, preferably, between 465 ° C and 490 ° C.
  • a first annealing phase thus makes it possible to eliminate the soluble oils disposed on the surface of the pions during the cutting step, and then the tensions created in the alloy during the rolling.
  • the heat treatment is followed by a forced cooling step.
  • Forced cooling means that the cooling of the pions is imposed over a relatively short period of time, as opposed to a natural and slow cooling, at room temperature.
  • the temperature is preferably lowered exponentially by about 400 ° C in two and a half hours.
  • the temperature of the pin increases from 490 ° C. to 100 ° C. in two hours and thirty minutes.
  • the forced cooling is, for example, carried out by immersion of the pions in water or by forced air, that is to say in the wind tunnel.
  • Each peg is then subjected to a cold-shock spinning step, which makes it possible to obtain a cylindrical hollow part forming the aerosol casing.
  • Shock spinning of the pins is carried out by any type of means known in the field of the manufacture of aerosol housings and it is possibly followed by finishing operations such as trimming the housing, washing ...
  • a layer of varnish is then applied inside the housing.
  • This varnish layer for example a phenolic epoxy resin, is preferably applied by spraying followed by polymerization at a temperature of between 200 ° C. and 250 ° C. for a period of time of less than 10 minutes.
  • the polymerization temperature is between 220 ° C and 225 ° C and the polymerization time is six minutes.
  • Polymerization at a temperature of 200 ° C to 250 ° C accelerates the aging process of the alloy. This has the consequence of very substantially improving the mechanical characteristics of the aerosol can.
  • the housing is subjected to an external printing step intended to form patterns on the outer wall of the housing. The housing is then terminated by a conification step.
  • the fact of performing a forced cooling of the pin allows to obtain a relatively ductile pin, which significantly reduces the spinning force during the spinning step cold shock.
  • the spinning force of a pin having undergone forced cooling can be reduced by 25% compared to a pin having undergone a slow cooling. It also causes a relatively large aging effect of the aluminum alloy, which brings good final mechanical performance to the housing and in particular a good resistance once it is formed.
  • Table I below indicates the mechanical performances of the two housings of alloy A5 and alloy B, respectively.
  • Hb Brinell hardness
  • Rm tensile strength
  • R 0.2 elastic limit
  • A50 elongation
  • the value of the Brinell hardness of the alloy B pin is slightly higher than that of the A5 alloy pin, it remains, however, perfectly suitable for performing the cold-spinning operation.
  • the mechanical performance of the alloy housing B and in particular the tensile strength do not drop after the polymerization of the varnish layer. On the contrary, they increase slightly.
  • the value of the elongation A50 of the alloy housing B is 3.6% after the polymerization step of the lacquer layer, whereas for the alloy A5, the value of the elongation A50 is not than 1.3%.
  • the mechanical performance of the finished B-alloy case is significantly better than that of the finished A5 alloy case, the breaking strength being 180MPa for the B-alloy case while, for an A5 alloy case, the resistance to the break is 133MPa.
  • Table II below also indicates the first deformation, burst pressure, vacuum resistance and piercing resistance measurements of the two housings.
  • an alloy comprising from 0.35 to 0.45% by weight of Si, from 0.25 to 0.40% by weight of Mg, from 0.05 to 0.15% by weight of Mn, from 0.12 to 0.20% by weight of Fe, up to 0.15% of minor elements, the balance being aluminum and the fact of making a forced cooling to keep a pion having spinning parameters relatively close to those of an A5 alloy peg while achieving better final performance.
  • the manufacturing process used is inexpensive and easy to implement and industrializable.
  • the gain in mechanical performance also makes it possible to manufacture aerosol cans with less raw material.
  • the thickness of the aerosol casings obtained according to the manufacturing method according to the invention can be reduced by 15%.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

The fabrication of aerosol casings comprises : (A) formation of pieces from an aluminium alloy; (B) thermal treatment of the pieces; (C) forced cooling of the pieces; (D) cold impact spinning of a piece to form a casing; and (E) application of a varnish inside the casing.

Description

Domaine technique de l'inventionTechnical field of the invention

L'invention concerne un procédé de fabrication de boîtiers d'aérosols comportant au moins les étapes suivantes :

  • formation de pions à partir d'un alliage d'aluminium,
  • traitement thermique des pions,
  • refroidissement des pions,
  • filage par choc à froid d'un pion de manière à former un boîtier,
  • application d'un vernis à l'intérieur du boîtier,
The invention relates to a method of manufacturing aerosol containers comprising at least the following steps:
  • pion formation from an aluminum alloy,
  • thermal treatment of the pions,
  • cooling the pions,
  • cold-spinning a pin so as to form a housing,
  • application of a varnish inside the housing,

État de la techniqueState of the art

Les boîtiers d'aérosols sont généralement réalisés à partir d'un alliage d'aluminium comportant 99,7 % en poids d'aluminium, également appelé A7 ou EN AW-1070A selon la norme NF EN 573-3, ou plus particulièrement à partir d'un alliage d'aluminium comportant 99,5 % en poids d'aluminium, également appelé A5 ou EN AW-1050A selon la norme NF EN 573-3. Pour réaliser les boîtiers d'aérosols, l'alliage utilisé est habituellement mis sous forme de pions d'un diamètre prédéterminé. Une bande est obtenue par coulée continue, laminage à chaud puis à froid. Les pions sont ensuite découpés et recuits thermiquement. Puis, les boîtiers d'aérosols sont réalisés à partir des pions au moyen d'une étape de filage par choc à froid avant qu'un vernis interne ne soit appliqué à l'intérieur du boîtier et qu'une étape d'impression ne soit réalisée sur la paroi externe du boîtier.The aerosol containers are generally made from an aluminum alloy comprising 99.7% by weight of aluminum, also called A7 or EN AW-1070A according to standard NF EN 573-3, or more particularly from an aluminum alloy comprising 99.5% by weight of aluminum, also called A5 or EN AW-1050A according to standard NF EN 573-3. To make the aerosol cans, the alloy used is usually formed into pions of a predetermined diameter. A strip is obtained by continuous casting, hot rolling then cold. The pions are then cut and heat-annealed. Then, the aerosol containers are made from the pins by means of a cold-shock spinning step before an internal varnish is applied inside the housing and a printing step is not performed on the outer wall of the housing.

Les alliages A5 et A7 permettent de réaliser les pions de façon continue et ils présentent des propriétés d'élongation et de ductabilité particulièrement adaptées à la mise en forme des boîtiers d'aérosols. Cependant, les caractéristiques mécaniques de ces alliages chutent sensiblement lors de l'étape d'application d'un vernis à l'intérieur du boîtier. Pour pallier cet inconvénient et notamment pour que le boîtier résiste à la pression interne à laquelle il est soumis lors de son utilisation, les parois du boîtier doivent être épaisses, ce qui conduit à une consommation importante de matière première.The alloys A5 and A7 make it possible to produce the pins in a continuous manner and they have elongation and ductability properties that are particularly suitable for forming the aerosol containers. However, the mechanical characteristics of these alloys drop substantially during the step of applying a varnish inside the housing. To overcome this disadvantage and in particular for the housing to withstand the internal pressure to which it is subjected during use, the walls of the housing must be thick, which leads to a significant consumption of raw material.

La demande de brevet FR-A-2457328 propose de réaliser un boîtier d'aérosol en utilisant un alliage d'aluminium de la famille Aluminium-Magnésium-Silicium (Al-Mg-Si). Ainsi, un boîtier d'aérosol est réalisé à partir d'un alliage ayant la composition suivante (% en poids) : Fe = 0,19, Zr < 0,01, Si = 0,3, Mg = 0,34, Cu < 0,01, Zn < 0,01, Ni < 0,01, Ti = 0,017, Mn < 0,01, Cr < 0,01, le reste étant de l'aluminium.Patent Application FR-A-2457328 proposes to produce an aerosol casing using an aluminum alloy of the Aluminum-Magnesium-Silicon (Al-Mg-Si) family. Thus, an aerosol can is made from an alloy having the following composition (% by weight): Fe = 0.19, Zr <0.01, Si = 0.3, Mg = 0.34, Cu <0.01, Zn <0.01, Ni <0.01, Ti = 0.017, Mn <0.01, Cr <0.01, the remainder being aluminum.

Comme indiqué à la figure 1, le procédé de fabrication de boîtiers d'aérosols comportant un tel alliage consiste à réaliser une coulée en semi-continu destinée à former différentes plaques en alliage Al-Mg-Si. Les plaques nécessitent ensuite un traitement thermique de huit heures à 585°C pour homogénéiser l'alliage. Puis, elles sont laminées à chaud et à froid et découpées pour former des pions d'un diamètre prédéterminé. Les pions sont alors traités par recuit, dans un four, à 460°C pendant une heure. Une fois sortis du four, les pions sont refroidis à température ambiante. En effet, en contact avec l'air ambiant, la température des pions s'abaisse de 400°C à 200°C en quarante minutes puis très lentement et de façon linéaire jusqu'à équilibre. Les pions sont, par la suite, mis en forme de boîtiers d'aérosols, par filage par choc à froid. Une fois les boîtiers formés, un vernis interne est appliqué dans chaque boîtier et une étape de polymérisation est réalisée à une température comprise entre 180°C et 250°C pendant vingt minutes.As shown in Figure 1, the method of manufacturing aerosol casings comprising such an alloy is to perform a semi-continuous casting for forming different Al-Mg-Si alloy plates. The plates then require an eight hour heat treatment at 585 ° C to homogenize the alloy. Then they are hot and cold rolled and cut to form pions of a predetermined diameter. The pions are then annealed in an oven at 460 ° C for one hour. Once removed from the oven, the pions are cooled to room temperature. In fact, in contact with the ambient air, the temperature of the pions decreases from 400 ° C to 200 ° C in forty minutes and then very slowly and linearly until equilibrium. The pions are subsequently shaped into aerosol cans by cold shock spinning. Once the casings have been formed, an internal varnish is applied in each housing and a polymerization step is carried out at a temperature between 180 ° C and 250 ° C for twenty minutes.

Ainsi, bien que présentant des caractéristiques techniques moins sensibles à la cuisson réalisée pour la polymérisation du vernis intérieur, la réalisation d'un tel alliage est, cependant, difficile à mettre en oeuvre de façon industrielle. En effet, contrairement à l'alliage A5, l'alliage proposé dans la demande de brevet FR-A-2457328 ne permet pas de réaliser des pions de façon continue. De plus, une étape additionnelle de traitement thermique d'homogénéisation très coûteuse doit être effectuée avant l'étape de laminage à chaud puis à froid. Enfin, les pions réalisés avec l'alliage proposé, avec un refroidissement lent, sont difficilement filables par choc à froid.Thus, although having technical characteristics less sensitive to the firing carried out for the polymerization of the interior varnish, the production of such an alloy is, however, difficult to implement industrially. Indeed, unlike the alloy A5, the alloy proposed in the patent application FR-A-2457328 does not allow to make pions continuously. In addition, a very expensive additional homogenization heat treatment step must be performed before the hot rolling step and then cold. Finally, the pins made with the proposed alloy, with slow cooling, are difficult to spin cold shock.

Objet de l'inventionObject of the invention

L'invention a pour but un procédé de fabrication permettant d'obtenir des boîtiers d'aérosols ayant, pour une même épaisseur, des propriétés mécaniques améliorées par rapport aux boîtiers d'aérosols selon l'art antérieur et plus particulièrement par rapport aux boîtiers d'aérosols en alliage A5, tout en restant facile à mettre en oeuvre, industrialisable et moins coûteux.The object of the invention is to provide a manufacturing method making it possible to obtain aerosol packages having, for the same thickness, improved mechanical properties compared with the aerosol packages according to the prior art and more particularly with respect to the aerosol cans. A5 alloy aerosols, while remaining easy to implement, industrializable and less expensive.

Selon l'invention, ce but est atteint par les revendications annexées.According to the invention, this object is achieved by the appended claims.

Plus particulièrement, ce but est atteint par le fait que le refroidissement des pions, après traitement thermique, est forcé et par le fait que l'alliage d'aluminium a la composition suivante, en pourcentage en poids :

Si
: 0,35 - 0,45
Mg
: 0,25 -0,40
Mn
: 0,05 -0,15
Fe
: 0,12 - 0,20
Total des éléments mineurs
: ≤ 0,15%
Al
: Reste.
More particularly, this object is achieved by the fact that the cooling of the pins, after heat treatment, is forced and by the fact that the aluminum alloy has the following composition, in percentage by weight:
Yes
0.35 - 0.45
mg
: 0.25 -0.40
mn
: 0.05 -0.15
Fe
: 0.12 - 0.20
Total minor items
: ≤ 0.15%
al
: Rest.

Selon un développement de l'invention, l'alliage d'aluminium comporte en pourcentage en poids :

Si
: 0,40 - 0,45
Mg
: 0,30 -0,35
Mn
: 0,08 -0,12
Fe
: 0,12 - 0,20
Total des éléments mineurs
: ≤ 0,15%
Al
: Reste
According to a development of the invention, the aluminum alloy comprises in percentage by weight:
Yes
: 0.40 - 0.45
mg
: 0.30 -0.35
mn
: 0.08 -0.12
Fe
: 0.12 - 0.20
Total minor items
: ≤ 0.15%
al
: Rest

Selon un mode de réalisation préférentiel, pendant l'étape de refroidissement forcé, la température des pions est abaissée, de façon exponentielle, d'environ 400°C en deux heures et demi.According to a preferred embodiment, during the forced cooling step, the temperature of the pins is lowered exponentially by about 400 ° C. in two and a half hours.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, le refroidissement forcé des pions peut être réalisé par air forcé ou par immersion dans de l'eau.According to another characteristic of the invention, the forced cooling of the pins can be achieved by forced air or immersion in water.

Description sommaire des dessinsBrief description of the drawings

D'autres avantages et caractéristiques ressortiront plus clairement de la description qui va suivre de modes particuliers de réalisation de l'invention donnés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs et représentés aux dessins annexés, dans lesquels :

  • La figure 1 représente schématiquement, sous forme de schéma blocs, les différentes étapes de fabrication d'un boîtier d'aérosol selon l'art antérieur.
  • La figure 2 représente schématiquement, sous forme de schéma blocs, les différentes étapes de fabrication d'un boîtier d'aérosol selon l'invention.
Other advantages and features will emerge more clearly from the following description of particular embodiments of the invention given by way of non-limiting example and represented in the accompanying drawings, in which:
  • Figure 1 shows schematically, in block diagram form, the various steps of manufacturing an aerosol can according to the prior art.
  • FIG. 2 schematically represents, in block diagram form, the various steps of manufacturing an aerosol can according to the invention.

Description de modes particuliers de réalisationDescription of particular embodiments

Comme représenté à la figure 2, le procédé de fabrication d'un boîtier d'aérosol selon l'invention, également appelé corps d'aérosol ou contenant d'un générateur aérosol, consiste préalablement à former des pions à partir d'un alliage d'aluminium ayant la composition suivante, en pourcentage en poids :

Si
: 0,35 - 0,45
Mg
: 0,25 -0,40
Mn
: 0,05 -0,15
Fe
: 0,12 - 0,20
Total des éléments mineurs
: ≤ 0,15%
Al
: Reste.
As represented in FIG. 2, the method of manufacturing an aerosol can according to the invention, also called an aerosol body or containing an aerosol generator, consists first of all in forming pions from an alloy of aerosol aluminum having the following composition, in percent by weight:
Yes
0.35 - 0.45
mg
: 0.25 -0.40
mn
: 0.05 -0.15
Fe
: 0.12 - 0.20
Total minor items
: ≤ 0.15%
al
: Rest.

De préférence, les teneurs en silicium, en magnésium, en manganèse et en fer sont, respectivement, strictement supérieures à 3,5% en poids, 0,25% en poids, 0,05% en poids et 0,12% en poids. Plus particulièrement, l'alliage comporte, de préférence, en pourcentage en poids :

Si
: 0,40 - 0,45
Mg
: 0,30 -0,35
Mn
: 0,08 -0,12
Fe
: 0,12 - 0,20
Total des éléments mineurs
: ≤ 0,15%
Al
: Reste
Preferably, the contents of silicon, magnesium, manganese and iron are, respectively, strictly greater than 3.5% by weight, 0.25% by weight, 0.05% by weight and 0.12% by weight. . More particularly, the alloy preferably comprises, in percentage by weight:
Yes
: 0.40 - 0.45
mg
: 0.30 -0.35
mn
: 0.08 -0.12
Fe
: 0.12 - 0.20
Total minor items
: ≤ 0.15%
al
: Rest

Un tel alliage permet notamment de réaliser une coulée en continu. Ainsi, l'alliage d'aluminium est fusionné dans un four puis il est coulé en continu, sous forme liquide, sur une roue de coulée comportant, par exemple, un système de refroidissement à eau. Ceci permet de former une bande continue et solidifiée d'alliage d'aluminium. La bande est enroulée après laminage à chaud sur un enrouleur avant d'être ultérieurement déroulé pour être laminé à froid. L'opération de laminage permet de réduire l'épaisseur d'une bande jusqu'à une épaisseur prédéterminée. La bande est ensuite découpée sur une presse de découpe pour former des pions ou des disques avec un diamètre prédéterminé selon les dimensions souhaitées pour les boîtiers finaux.Such an alloy makes it possible in particular to carry out a continuous casting. Thus, the aluminum alloy is fused in an oven and then poured continuously, in liquid form, on a casting wheel comprising, for example, a water cooling system. This makes it possible to form a continuous band and solidified aluminum alloy. The strip is rolled after hot rolling on a reel before being subsequently unrolled to be cold rolled. The rolling operation reduces the thickness of a strip to a predetermined thickness. The strip is then cut on a cutting press to form pins or discs with a predetermined diameter according to the desired dimensions for the final housings.

Puis, les pions subissent un traitement thermique ou recuit, d'une durée, de préférence, comprise entre quatre heures et demi et cinq heures et à une température, de préférence, comprise entre 465°C et 490°C. Une première phase de recuit permet ainsi d'éliminer les huiles solubles disposées à la surface des pions lors de l'étape de découpe, puis les tensions créées dans l'alliage lors du laminage.Then, the pions undergo a heat treatment or annealing, of a duration, preferably, between four hours and a half and five hours and at a temperature, preferably, between 465 ° C and 490 ° C. A first annealing phase thus makes it possible to eliminate the soluble oils disposed on the surface of the pions during the cutting step, and then the tensions created in the alloy during the rolling.

Le traitement thermique est suivi d'une étape de refroidissement forcé. Par refroidissement forcé, on entend que le refroidissement des pions est imposé sur une période de temps relativement courte, par opposition à un refroidissement naturel et lent, à température ambiante. Ainsi, lors du refroidissement forcé, la température est, de préférence, abaissée de façon exponentielle, d'environ 400°C en deux heures et demi. A titre d'exemple, pour une température de recuit de 490°C, la température du pion passe de 490°C à 100°C en deux heures et trente minutes. Le refroidissement forcé est, par exemple, réalisé par immersion des pions dans de l'eau ou par air forcé, c'est-à-dire en soufflerie.The heat treatment is followed by a forced cooling step. Forced cooling means that the cooling of the pions is imposed over a relatively short period of time, as opposed to a natural and slow cooling, at room temperature. Thus, during forced cooling, the temperature is preferably lowered exponentially by about 400 ° C in two and a half hours. By way of example, for an annealing temperature of 490 ° C., the temperature of the pin increases from 490 ° C. to 100 ° C. in two hours and thirty minutes. The forced cooling is, for example, carried out by immersion of the pions in water or by forced air, that is to say in the wind tunnel.

Chaque pion subit, ensuite une étape de filage par choc à froid, ce qui permet d'obtenir une pièce creuse de forme cylindrique formant le boîtier d'aérosol. Le filage par choc des pions est réalisé par tout type de moyens connus dans le domaine de la fabrication des boîtiers d'aérosols et il est, éventuellement, suivi d'opérations de finition telles que le rognage du boîtier, le lavage...Each peg is then subjected to a cold-shock spinning step, which makes it possible to obtain a cylindrical hollow part forming the aerosol casing. Shock spinning of the pins is carried out by any type of means known in the field of the manufacture of aerosol housings and it is possibly followed by finishing operations such as trimming the housing, washing ...

Une couche de vernis est ensuite appliquée à l'intérieur du boîtier. Cette couche de vernis, par exemple une résine époxy phénolique, est, de préférence, appliquée par pulvérisation suivie d'une polymérisation, à une température comprise entre 200°C et 250°C, pendant une période de temps inférieure à 10 minutes. A titre d'exemple, la température de polymérisation est comprise entre 220°C et 225°C et la durée de polymérisation est de six minutes. La polymérisation à une température comprise 200°C et 250°C accélère le procédé de vieillissement de l'alliage. Ceci a pour conséquence d'améliorer très sensiblement les caractéristiques mécaniques du boîtier d'aérosol. Puis, le boîtier est soumis à une étape d'impression externe destinée à former des motifs sur la paroi externe du boîtier. Le boîtier est, ensuite, terminé par une étape de conification.A layer of varnish is then applied inside the housing. This varnish layer, for example a phenolic epoxy resin, is preferably applied by spraying followed by polymerization at a temperature of between 200 ° C. and 250 ° C. for a period of time of less than 10 minutes. For example, the polymerization temperature is between 220 ° C and 225 ° C and the polymerization time is six minutes. Polymerization at a temperature of 200 ° C to 250 ° C accelerates the aging process of the alloy. This has the consequence of very substantially improving the mechanical characteristics of the aerosol can. Then, the housing is subjected to an external printing step intended to form patterns on the outer wall of the housing. The housing is then terminated by a conification step.

Contrairement à l'alliage décrit dans la demande de brevet FR-A-2457328, l'utilisation d'un alliage d'aluminium tel que décrit ci-dessus ainsi que le fait de réaliser un refroidissement forcé permettent de conserver un procédé de fabrication industriel, peu coûteux et pouvant s'adapter au procédé de fabrication utilisé avec l'alliage A5. Cela permet également d'obtenir des boîtiers d'aérosols ayant, à épaisseur égale, des propriétés mécaniques améliorées par rapport à celles d'un boîtier d'aérosol selon l'art antérieure et plus particulièrement par rapport à celles d'un boîtier d'aérosol en alliage A5.Unlike the alloy described in patent application FR-A-2457328, the use of an aluminum alloy as described above and the fact of carrying out forced cooling make it possible to maintain an industrial manufacturing process. , inexpensive and adaptable to the manufacturing process used with the A5 alloy. This also makes it possible to obtain aerosol containers having, at equal thickness, improved mechanical properties compared with those of an aerosol can according to the prior art and more particularly with respect to those of a housing of aerosols. aerosol alloy A5.

Par ailleurs, le fait de réaliser un refroidissement forcé du pion permet d'obtenir un pion relativement ductile, ce qui diminue significativement l'effort de filage lors de l'étape de filage par choc à froid. En effet, l'effort de filage d'un pion ayant subit un refroidissement forcé peut être réduit de 25% par rapport à un pion ayant subit un refroidissement lent. Il provoque également un effet de vieillissement de l'alliage d'aluminium relativement important, ce qui apporte de bonnes performances mécaniques finales au boîtier et notamment une bonne résistance, une fois celui-ci formé.Furthermore, the fact of performing a forced cooling of the pin allows to obtain a relatively ductile pin, which significantly reduces the spinning force during the spinning step cold shock. Indeed, the spinning force of a pin having undergone forced cooling can be reduced by 25% compared to a pin having undergone a slow cooling. It also causes a relatively large aging effect of the aluminum alloy, which brings good final mechanical performance to the housing and in particular a good resistance once it is formed.

A titre comparatif, un boîtier réalisé avec un alliage A5 et un boîtier de même épaisseur réalisé avec une étape de refroidissement forcé et avec un alliage d'aluminium particulier, noté B ont été testés mécaniquement. L'alliage B a la composition suivante en pourcentage en poids :

Si
: 0,38
Mg
: 0,31
Mn
: 0,06
Fe
: 0,14
Ti
: 0,023
V
: 0,010
Ga
: 0,014
Al
: Reste.
For comparison, a housing made of an alloy A5 and a housing of the same thickness made with a forced cooling step and with a particular aluminum alloy, noted B have been mechanically tested. The alloy B has the following composition in percentage by weight:
Yes
: 0.38
mg
: 0.31
mn
: 0.06
Fe
: 0.14
Ti
: 0.023
V
: 0.010
Ga
: 0.014
al
: Rest.

Le tableau I ci-dessous indique les performances mécaniques des deux boîtiers respectivement en alliage A5 et en alliage B. Ainsi, la dureté Brinell (Hb) de deux pions respectivement constitués par l'alliage A5 et l'alliage B a été mesurée, puis des mesures de tension de rupture (Rm), de limite élastique (R 0,2) et d'élongation (A50) ont été réalisées sur les boîtiers réalisés à partir de ces pions, respectivement après l'étape de filage par choc, après l'application de la couche de vernis et une fois le boîtier terminé.

Figure imgb0001
Table I below indicates the mechanical performances of the two housings of alloy A5 and alloy B, respectively. Thus, the Brinell hardness (Hb) of two pins respectively constituted by alloy A5 and alloy B was measured, then tensile strength (Rm), elastic limit (R 0.2) and elongation (A50) measurements were made on the housings made from these pins, respectively after the impact spinning step, after the application of the varnish layer and once the housing is finished.
Figure imgb0001

Bien que la valeur de la dureté Brinell du pion en alliage B soit légèrement supérieure à celle de pion en alliage A5, elle reste, cependant, parfaitement adaptée pour réaliser l'opération de filage par choc, à froid.Although the value of the Brinell hardness of the alloy B pin is slightly higher than that of the A5 alloy pin, it remains, however, perfectly suitable for performing the cold-spinning operation.

Par contre, contrairement à l'alliage A5, les performances mécaniques du boîtier en alliage B et notamment la tension de rupture ne chutent pas après la polymérisation de la couche de vernis. Au contraire, elles augmentent légèrement. De plus, la valeur de l'élongation A50 du boîtier en alliage B est de 3,6 % après l'étape de polymérisation de la couche de vernis alors que pour l'alliage A5, la valeur de l'élongation A50 n'est que de 1,3 %.By cons, unlike the A5 alloy, the mechanical performance of the alloy housing B and in particular the tensile strength do not drop after the polymerization of the varnish layer. On the contrary, they increase slightly. In addition, the value of the elongation A50 of the alloy housing B is 3.6% after the polymerization step of the lacquer layer, whereas for the alloy A5, the value of the elongation A50 is not than 1.3%.

Enfin, les performances mécaniques du boîtier fini en alliage B sont nettement supérieures à celles du boîtier fini en alliage A5, la résistance à la rupture étant de 180MPa pour le boîtier en alliage B alors que, pour un boîtier en alliage A5, la résistance à la rupture est de 133MPa.Finally, the mechanical performance of the finished B-alloy case is significantly better than that of the finished A5 alloy case, the breaking strength being 180MPa for the B-alloy case while, for an A5 alloy case, the resistance to the break is 133MPa.

Le tableau II ci-dessous indique également des mesures de première déformation, de pression d'éclatement, de résistance au vide et de résistance au percement des deux boîtiers. Alliage A5 Alliage B Première déformation (MPa) 1,4 1,9 Pression d'éclatement (MPa) 2,1 3,0 Résistance au vide (MPa) -0,04 -0,06 Résistance au percement (°) 56 66 Table II below also indicates the first deformation, burst pressure, vacuum resistance and piercing resistance measurements of the two housings. A5 alloy Alloy B First deformation (MPa) 1.4 1.9 Burst pressure (MPa) 2.1 3.0 Vacuum resistance (MPa) -0.04 -0.06 Piercing resistance (°) 56 66

Ainsi, l'utilisation d'un alliage comportant de 0,35 à 0,45 % en poids de Si, de 0,25 à 0,40 % en poids de Mg, de 0,05 à 0,15 % en poids de Mn, de 0,12 à 0,20 % en poids de Fe, jusqu'à 0,15 % d'éléments mineurs, le reste étant de l'aluminium et le fait de réaliser un refroidissement forcé permettent de conserver un pion ayant des paramètres de filage relativement proches de ceux d'un pion en alliage A5 tout en obtenant de meilleures performances finales. Par ailleurs, le procédé de fabrication utilisé est peu coûteux et facile à mettre en oeuvre et industrialisable. Le gain de performances mécaniques permet également de fabriquer des boîtiers d'aérosols avec moins de matière première. A titre d'exemple, pour obtenir des performances mécaniques équivalentes à celles des boîtiers d'aérosols en alliage A5, l'épaisseur des boîtiers d'aérosols obtenus selon le procédé de fabrication selon l'invention peut être réduite de 15%.Thus, the use of an alloy comprising from 0.35 to 0.45% by weight of Si, from 0.25 to 0.40% by weight of Mg, from 0.05 to 0.15% by weight of Mn, from 0.12 to 0.20% by weight of Fe, up to 0.15% of minor elements, the balance being aluminum and the fact of making a forced cooling to keep a pion having spinning parameters relatively close to those of an A5 alloy peg while achieving better final performance. Furthermore, the manufacturing process used is inexpensive and easy to implement and industrializable. The gain in mechanical performance also makes it possible to manufacture aerosol cans with less raw material. By way of example, to obtain mechanical performances equivalent to those of aerosol casings made of alloy A5, the thickness of the aerosol casings obtained according to the manufacturing method according to the invention can be reduced by 15%.

Claims (8)

Procédé de fabrication de boîtiers d'aérosols comportant au moins les étapes suivantes : - formation de pions à partir d'un alliage d'aluminium, - traitement thermique des pions, - refroidissement des pions, - filage par choc à froid d'un pion de manière à former un boîtier, - application d'un vernis à l'intérieur du boîtier, procédé caractérisé en ce que le refroidissement des pions, après traitement thermique, est forcé et en ce que l'alliage d'aluminium a la composition suivante, en pourcentage en poids : Si : 0,35 - 0,45 Mg : 0,25 -0,40 Mn : 0,05 -0,15 Fe : 0,12 - 0,20 Total des éléments mineurs : ≤ 0,15% Al : Reste. A method of manufacturing aerosol cans comprising at least the following steps: - formation of pions from an aluminum alloy, heat treatment of the pions, - cooling the pions, cold-spinning a pin so as to form a housing, - application of a varnish inside the housing, characterized in that the cooling of the pins, after heat treatment, is forced and in that the aluminum alloy has the following composition, in percentage by weight: If: 0.35 - 0.45 Mg: 0.25 -0.40 Mn: 0.05 - 0.15 Fe: 0.12 - 0.20 Total minor items: ≤ 0.15% Al: Rest. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'alliage d'aluminium comporte en pourcentage en poids : Si : 0,40 - 0,45 Mg : 0,30 -0,35 Mn : 0,08 -0,12 Fe : 0,12 - 0,20 Total des éléments mineurs : ≤ 0,15% Al : Reste Process according to Claim 1, characterized in that the aluminum alloy comprises, in percentage by weight: If: 0.40 - 0.45 Mg: 0.30 - 0.35 Mn: 0.08 -0.12 Fe: 0.12 - 0.20 Total minor items: ≤ 0.15% Al: Rest Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que, pendant l'étape de refroidissement forcé, la température des pions est abaissée, de façon exponentielle, d'environ 400°C en deux heures et demi.Process according to one of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that , during the forced cooling step, the temperature of the pins is exponentially lowered by approximately 400 ° C in two and a half hours. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le refroidissement forcé des pions est réalisé par air forcé.Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the forced cooling of the pins is made by forced air. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le refroidissement forcé des pions est réalisé par immersion dans de l'eau.Process according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the forced cooling of the pins is carried out by immersion in water. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que l'étape de formation des pions comprend la formation d'une bande d'alliage d'aluminium en coulée continue, la bande étant ensuite laminée à chaud puis à froid avant d'être découpée sous forme de pions selon un diamètre prédéterminé.Process according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the step of forming the pions comprises the formation of an aluminum alloy strip in continuous casting, the strip then being hot-rolled then cold-rolled before being cut into pions of a predetermined diameter. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le traitement thermique des pions est réalisé à une température comprise entre 465°C et 490°C pendant une durée comprise entre 4 heures et 5 heures.Process according to any one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the heat treatment of the pions is carried out at a temperature of between 465 ° C and 490 ° C for a period of between 4 hours and 5 hours. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que l'étape d'application du vernis est réalisée par pulvérisation suivie d'une polymérisation réalisée à une température comprise entre 200°C et 250°C, pendant une période de temps inférieure à 10 minutes.Process according to any one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the step of applying the varnish is carried out by spraying followed by a polymerization carried out at a temperature of between 200 ° C and 250 ° C for a period less than 10 minutes.
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