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EP1621840A1 - Continuous heat treatment furnace - Google Patents

Continuous heat treatment furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1621840A1
EP1621840A1 EP05003003A EP05003003A EP1621840A1 EP 1621840 A1 EP1621840 A1 EP 1621840A1 EP 05003003 A EP05003003 A EP 05003003A EP 05003003 A EP05003003 A EP 05003003A EP 1621840 A1 EP1621840 A1 EP 1621840A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
conveyor belt
belt
support
conveying direction
support elements
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP05003003A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1621840B1 (en
Inventor
Ingo Dipl.-Ing. Cremer
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Cremer Thermoprozessanlagen GmbH
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Cremer Thermoprozessanlagen GmbH
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Publication of EP1621840A1 publication Critical patent/EP1621840A1/en
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0056—Furnaces through which the charge is moved in a horizontal straight path
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/02—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity of multiple-track type; of multiple-chamber type; Combinations of furnaces
    • F27B9/028—Multi-chamber type furnaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
    • F27B9/20—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
    • F27B9/20—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path
    • F27B9/24—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path being carried by a conveyor
    • F27B9/243—Endless-strand conveyor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/30—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0006—Details, accessories not peculiar to any of the following furnaces
    • C21D9/0018—Details, accessories not peculiar to any of the following furnaces for charging, discharging or manipulation of charge
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0062—Heat-treating apparatus with a cooling or quenching zone

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a continuous strip furnace for heat treatment of workpieces comprising a heating chamber and a cooling section adjoining the heating chamber, wherein one strand of a conveyor belt is guided through the heating chamber along a conveyor belt support and the workpieces are transported by the conveyor belt through a high temperature zone in the heating chamber.
  • the workpieces to be subjected to the heat treatment are placed manually or automatically on the conveyor belt, which is guided along the conveyor belt support by the belt continuous furnace.
  • conveyor belts metal link belts, chain-like metal belts and wire mesh belts made of heat-resistant stainless steel are used.
  • the workpieces pass through a warm-up section, the high-temperature zone and the cooling section.
  • additional modules may be installed to improve the properties of the workpieces, such as a quick-cooling or tempering module.
  • Ofenein- and Ofenauslauf protective gas is supplied, so that the treated workpieces are surrounded by inert gas in the area in which they are exposed to the treatment temperatures.
  • a protective gas for example, hydrogen or nitrogen used, and reaction gases can be used instead of inert gas.
  • the heating of the ribbon continuous furnace in the heating chamber is preferably carried out electrically, for example with free-radiating chamber heaters or rod-shaped heating elements.
  • temperatures in the high-temperature zone above the maximum usual 1150 ° C for strip furnaces are advantageous in order to improve the properties of the workpieces.
  • Higher temperatures in the high temperature zone can not be realized economically in known belt furnaces because of the associated, extremely short service life of the conveyor belts.
  • the solution to this problem is based on the idea of eliminating the friction between the conveyor belt and the conveyor belt support, at least in the region of the high-temperature zone, and thereby minimizing the tension in the conveyor belt in the high-temperature zone.
  • a reduced tension allows a higher limit temperature and / or helps the conveyor to a longer life.
  • the object is achieved in that the conveyor belt support is arranged to be movable at least in the high temperature zone of the heating chamber in the conveying direction simultaneously with the conveyor belt.
  • the measure according to the invention makes it possible to achieve higher limit temperatures of, for example, 1200 ° C. with conventional belt service life and belt load, a longer belt service life at conventional process temperature and belt load, or a higher belt load at conventional process temperature and belt service life.
  • the simple system technology of strip furnaces can be maintained. This results in lower investment costs compared to other furnaces that allow process temperatures above 1150 ° C.
  • the first and second support elements are connected to a drive, which can be configured as a single or group drive. If the first and second support elements have a group drive, the power is transmitted to the first and second support elements via different gear members, which enable on the one hand the movement of the first support elements in and against the conveying direction of the conveyor belt and on the other hand, the vertical movement of the second support elements.
  • An alternative solution for a movable conveyor belt support is that in the area of the high-temperature zone beneath the run of the conveyor belt through the heating chamber, a circulating support belt is arranged, wherein the conveying direction and belt speed of the conveyor belt coincides with the direction of movement and belt speed of the support belt.
  • the circulating support belt is located only in the region of the high temperature zone of the belt continuous furnace, the problems usually encountered in ceramic conveyor belts due to a temperature gradient be effectively avoided over the range, especially in the area of lower temperatures. A temperature gradient leads to damage of the ceramic material.
  • the continuous furnace consists essentially of a conveyor belt 1 having, endlessly circulating continuous conveyor, a heating chamber 2, a subsequent to the heating chamber in the conveying direction 3 cooling section 4 and a conveyor belt support 5 for guiding the upper run of the conveyor belt 1.
  • the heating chamber 2 On the input side, the heating chamber 2 an inlet 6 for the conveyor belt on.
  • At the end of the cooling section 3 is an outlet 7 for the conveyor belt.
  • the entire passage area of the upper strand of the conveyor belt 1 through the heating chamber 2 and cooling section 3 is encapsulated, so that a closed flow channel is formed.
  • the passage channel has at least one gas connection, not shown, for the supply of inert gas, wherein the input and Outlet 6,7 are designed as inlet and outlet to reduce the protective gas consumption.
  • the still escaping inert gas is ignited and flared at the inlet and / or outlet of the belt continuous furnace in a conventional manner.
  • the total of 5 designated conveyor belt support consists of a first set of beams 8 a-c are arranged in and against the conveying direction 3 of the conveyor belt 1 movable. Between the bars 8 a, b, c are two more bars 9 a, b, which are arranged to be movable in the vertical direction 11. To carry out the movement, the beams 8 a, b, c and 9 a, b are connected to a drive 12.
  • the pads 13 a, b, c of the beam 8 span a parallel plane to the upper run of the conveyor belt 1, wherein the supports 13 a and c are angled laterally to guide the upper run of the conveyor belt 1 at the edges.
  • the conveyor belt 1 are arranged transversely to the conveying direction 3 electrical heating elements 14, which are supplied via a passage 16 in the right side wall 15 of the heating chamber 2 with power. From the outside of the passage 16 is encapsulated by a channel 17. At the top, the heating chamber is closed by a removable furnace lid 18, which is removable for maintenance purposes.
  • a muffle 19 made of ceramic for indirect heating of the workpieces and to protect the workpieces from contamination.
  • the conveyor belt 1 is moved clocked in the conveying direction 3.
  • the beams 8a, b, c of the first beam set rest on the underside of the conveyor belt 1 and are moved at the speed of the conveyor belt in the conveying direction 3 from an initial position to an end position.
  • the conveyor belt 1 is stopped and lifted by the lifting beams 9a, b from the position shown in FIG. 2, so that the underside of the belt is no longer resting on the beams 8a, b, c rests. Subsequently, the beams 8a, b, c are moved back against the conveying direction 3 into the starting position.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the advantageous effects of the movable conveyor belt support 5 according to the invention compared to a conventional conveyor belt support.
  • the upper diagram shows the voltage curve in conventional belt conveyor ovens. It can be seen that the tension of the conveyor belt at the end of the high-temperature zone 21 reaches almost the permissible limit tension 25 of the conveyor belt 1. In the lower diagram it can be seen that the belt tension in the high-temperature zone 21 is largely taken over by the conveyor belt support 5 moved with the conveyor belt, so that the belt tension is clearly below the maximum permissible limit tension 25.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
  • Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)

Abstract

Continuous strand furnace comprises a conveyor belt arrangement arranged in a high temperature zone (21) of a heating chamber (2) in the conveying direction (3) to simultaneously move with the conveyor belt (1). The conveyor belt arrangement has a set of first moving support elements which move in and against the conveying direction of the conveyor belt. An independent claim is also included for a process for operating a continuous strand furnace.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Banddurchlaufofen zur Wärmebehandlung von Werkstücken umfassend eine Heizkammer und eine sich an die Heizkammer anschließende Kühlstrecke, wobei ein Trum eines Förderbands durch die Heizkammer entlang einer Förderbandauflage geführt ist und die Werkstücke mittels des Förderbands durch eine Hochtemperaturzone in der Heizkammer transportiert werden.The invention relates to a continuous strip furnace for heat treatment of workpieces comprising a heating chamber and a cooling section adjoining the heating chamber, wherein one strand of a conveyor belt is guided through the heating chamber along a conveyor belt support and the workpieces are transported by the conveyor belt through a high temperature zone in the heating chamber.

Derartige Banddurchlauföfen sind aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt. Sie werden insbesondere zum Sintern von pulvermetallurgischen Erzeugnissen eingesetzt. Des Weiteren werden sie zum Sintern, Schmieden, Reduzieren, Oxidieren, Calzinieren, Löten, Glühen oder Anlassen von Massenteilen aus Metall verwendet. Die Werkstücke werden vorzugsweise automatisch vor dem Ofeneinlauf auf das Obertrum des umlaufenden Förderbandes aufgelegt, während der Rücklauftrum außerhalb des Ofens geführt wird.Such belt pass furnaces are known from the prior art. They are used in particular for sintering powder metallurgy products. Further, they are used for sintering, forging, reducing, oxidizing, calcining, brazing, annealing or tempering mass parts of metal. The workpieces are preferably placed automatically in front of the kiln inlet on the upper run of the circulating conveyor belt, while the return strand outside the furnace is performed.

Die der Wärmebehandlung zu unterziehenden Werkstücke werden manuell oder automatisch auf das Förderband gelegt, das entlang der Förderbandauflage durch den Banddurchlaufofen geführt ist. Als Förderbänder kommen Metallgliederbänder, kettenartige Metallbänder sowie Drahtgeflechtbänder aus hitzebeständigem Edelstahl zum Einsatz. Vom Ofeneinlauf bis zum Ofenauslauf durchlaufen die Werkstücke eine Aufwärmstrecke, die Hochtemperaturzone sowie die Kühlstrecke. In den einzelnen Sektionen können zusätzliche Module installiert sein, um die Eigenschaften der Werkstücke zu verbessern, wie beispielsweise ein Schnellkühlungs- oder Anlassmodul. In den Durchlaufkanal zwischen Ofenein- und Ofenauslauf wird Schutzgas zugeführt, so dass die zu behandelnden Werkstücke in dem Bereich, in dem sie den Behandlungstemperaturen ausgesetzt sind, von Schutzgas umgeben sind. Als Schutzgas wird beispielsweise Wasserstoff oder auch Stickstoff eingesetzt, wobei an Stelle von Schutzgas auch Reaktionsgase zum Einsatz gelangen können. Die Beheizung des Banddurchlaufofens in der Heizkammer erfolgt vorzugsweise elektrisch, beispielsweise mit freistrahlenden Kammerheizungen oder mit stabförmigen Heizelementen.The workpieces to be subjected to the heat treatment are placed manually or automatically on the conveyor belt, which is guided along the conveyor belt support by the belt continuous furnace. As conveyor belts metal link belts, chain-like metal belts and wire mesh belts made of heat-resistant stainless steel are used. From the kiln inlet to the kiln outlet, the workpieces pass through a warm-up section, the high-temperature zone and the cooling section. In the individual sections, additional modules may be installed to improve the properties of the workpieces, such as a quick-cooling or tempering module. In the passage between Ofenein- and Ofenauslauf protective gas is supplied, so that the treated workpieces are surrounded by inert gas in the area in which they are exposed to the treatment temperatures. As a protective gas, for example, hydrogen or nitrogen used, and reaction gases can be used instead of inert gas. The heating of the ribbon continuous furnace in the heating chamber is preferably carried out electrically, for example with free-radiating chamber heaters or rod-shaped heating elements.

Bekannte Banddurchlauföfen erzeugen in der Hochtemperaturzone Temperaturen zwischen 1120° C bis 1150° C. Bei einer Bandbelastung von etwa 65 kg/m2 und einer Temperatur von 1120° Celsius in der Hochtemperaturzone wird bei herkömmlichen Öfen eine Standzeit des Förderbands von etwa 3 - 6 Monaten erreicht, wobei die Länge der Hochtemperaturzone und die Gesamtbelastung des Bandes eine entscheidende Rolle spielen. Das metallische Förderband verliert exponentiell mit zunehmender Temperatur an Festigkeit.Known belt pass furnaces produce temperatures in the high temperature zone between 1120 ° C to 1150 ° C. At a belt load of about 65 kg / m 2 and a temperature of 1120 ° C in the high temperature zone with conventional furnaces a life of the conveyor belt of about 3 - 6 months achieved, with the length of the high temperature zone and the total load of the belt play a crucial role. The metallic conveyor belt exponentially loses strength with increasing temperature.

Für einige der eingangs erwähnten Prozesse sind Temperaturen in der Hochtemperaturzone oberhalb der bisher für Banddurchlauföfen maximal üblichen 1150° C vorteilhaft, um die Eigenschaften der Werkstücke zu verbessern. Höhere Temperaturen in der Hochtemperaturzone lassen sich bei bekannten Banddurchlauföfen jedoch wegen der damit verbundenen, extrem kurzen Standzeiten der Förderbänder nicht wirtschaftlich realisieren.For some of the processes mentioned above, temperatures in the high-temperature zone above the maximum usual 1150 ° C for strip furnaces are advantageous in order to improve the properties of the workpieces. Higher temperatures in the high temperature zone can not be realized economically in known belt furnaces because of the associated, extremely short service life of the conveyor belts.

Um die Temperaturbegrenzung von Banddurchlauföfen in der Hochtemperaturzone von etwa 1150° C zu überschreiten, hat man bereits versucht, die herkömmlichen metallischen Förderbänder durch Förderbänder aus temperaturbeständigeren Werkstoffen, bei beispielsweise Keramik, Graphit, Molybdän oder Super-Aloys zu ersetzen. Diese Materialien erlauben zwar teilweise höhere Temperaturen in der Hochtemperaturzone bei akzeptabler Standzeit, sind jedoch wegen der hohen Materialkosten ebenfalls nicht wirtschaftlich. Sie haben sich daher in der Praxis nicht durchgesetzt.In order to exceed the temperature limit of belt conveyor ovens in the high temperature zone of about 1150 ° C, it has already been attempted to replace the conventional metallic conveyor belts by conveyor belts made of more temperature resistant materials such as ceramic, graphite, molybdenum or super-Aloys. Although these materials sometimes allow higher temperatures in the high temperature zone with acceptable service life, but are also not economical because of the high cost of materials. They have therefore not prevailed in practice.

Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik liegt der Erfindung daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Banddurchlaufofen der eingangs erwähnten Art zu schaffen, der höhere Temperaturen in der Hochtemperaturzone bei verbesserter Wirtschaftlichkeit und/oder längere Bandstandzeiten ermöglicht. Insbesondere soll weiterhin der Einsatz herkömmlicher, metallischer Förderbänder möglich bleiben.Based on this prior art, the invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide a strip continuous furnace of the type mentioned above, which allows higher temperatures in the high temperature zone with improved efficiency and / or longer strip life. In particular, the use of conventional, metallic conveyor belts should remain possible.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe basiert auf dem Gedanken, die Reibung zwischen dem Förderband und der Förderbandauflage zumindest im Bereich des Hochtemperaturzone aufzuheben und hierdurch die Spannung in dem Förderband in der Hochtemperaturzone zu minimieren. Eine reduzierte Spannung erlaubt eine höhere Grenztemperatur und/oder verhilft dem Förderband zu einer längeren Standzeit.The solution to this problem is based on the idea of eliminating the friction between the conveyor belt and the conveyor belt support, at least in the region of the high-temperature zone, and thereby minimizing the tension in the conveyor belt in the high-temperature zone. A reduced tension allows a higher limit temperature and / or helps the conveyor to a longer life.

Im einzelnen wird die Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, dass die Förderbandauflage zumindest in der Hochtemperaturzone der Heizkammer in Förderrichtung simultan mit dem Förderband beweglich angeordnet ist.In detail, the object is achieved in that the conveyor belt support is arranged to be movable at least in the high temperature zone of the heating chamber in the conveying direction simultaneously with the conveyor belt.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Maßnahme lassen sich höhere Grenztemperaturen von beispielsweise 1200° C bei herkömmlicher Bandstandzeit und Bandbelastung, eine längere Bandstandzeit bei herkömmlicher Prozesstemperatur und Bandbelastung oder eine höhere Bandbelastung bei herkömmlicher Prozesstemperatur und Bandstandzeit erzielen. Gleichzeitig lässt sich die einfache Anlagentechnik von Banddurchlauföfen beibehalten. Hieraus resultieren gegenüber anderen Öfen, die Prozesstemperaturen oberhalb von 1150° C ermöglichen, günstigere Investitionskosten.The measure according to the invention makes it possible to achieve higher limit temperatures of, for example, 1200 ° C. with conventional belt service life and belt load, a longer belt service life at conventional process temperature and belt load, or a higher belt load at conventional process temperature and belt service life. At the same time, the simple system technology of strip furnaces can be maintained. This results in lower investment costs compared to other furnaces that allow process temperatures above 1150 ° C.

Eine konstruktiv einfache und wirksame Unterstützung des Förderbands in der Hochtemperaturzone wird erreicht, wenn die Förderbandauflage einen Satz erster in und gegen die Förderrichtung des Förderbands bewegliche Tragelemente und einen Satz zweiter in vertikaler Richtung bewegliche Tragelemente aufweist, wobei die Auflagen der ersten Tragelemente eine parallele Ebene zu dem Trum des Förderbandes aufspannen und die Auflagen der zweiten Tragelemente über und unter das Niveau dieser Ebene bewegbar sind. Die Tragelemente sind insbesondere als keramische Balken ausgeführt, deren Längsachsen sich in Förderrichtung erstrecken. Herkömmliche als Gliederband ausgeführte Förderbänder sind regelmäßig ausschließlich quer zur Förderrichtung scharniert. Die in den Scharnieren angeordneten stabilen Querstäbe werden optimal durch die Auflageflächen der keramischen Balken unterstützt, deren Längsachsen rechtwinklig zu den Querstäben verlaufen.A structurally simple and effective support of the conveyor belt in the high temperature zone is achieved when the conveyor belt pad a set first in and against the Conveying direction of the conveyor belt has movable support members and a set of second vertically movable support members, wherein the supports of the first support members span a parallel plane to the run of the conveyor belt and the supports of the second support members are movable above and below the level of this plane. The support elements are in particular designed as ceramic beams whose longitudinal axes extend in the conveying direction. Conventional belt conveyors designed as a link belt are regularly hinged exclusively transversely to the conveying direction. The stable transverse rods arranged in the hinges are optimally supported by the bearing surfaces of the ceramic beams whose longitudinal axes extend at right angles to the transverse rods.

Die ersten und zweiten Tragelemente sind mit einem Antrieb verbunden, der als Einzel- oder Gruppenantrieb ausgestaltet sein kann. Sofern die ersten und zweiten Tragelemente einen Gruppenantrieb aufweisen, erfolgt die Kraftübertragung auf die ersten und zweiten Tragelemente über unterschiedliche Getriebeglieder, die einerseits die Bewegung der ersten Tragelemente in und gegen die Förderrichtung des Förderbands und andererseits die Vertikalbewegung der zweiten Tragelemente ermöglichen.The first and second support elements are connected to a drive, which can be configured as a single or group drive. If the first and second support elements have a group drive, the power is transmitted to the first and second support elements via different gear members, which enable on the one hand the movement of the first support elements in and against the conveying direction of the conveyor belt and on the other hand, the vertical movement of the second support elements.

Eine alternative Lösung für eine bewegliche Förderbandauflage besteht darin, dass im Bereich der Hochtemperaturzone unterhalb des durch die Heizkammer geführten Trums des Förderbands ein umlaufendes Unterstützungsband angeordnet ist, wobei die Förderrichtung und Bandgeschwindigkeit des Förderbands mit der Bewegungsrichtung und Bandgeschwindigkeit des Unterstützungsbands übereinstimmt. Indem das umlaufende Unterstützungsband lediglich im Bereich der Hochtemperaturzone des Banddurchlaufofens angeordnet ist, können die bei keramischen Förderbändern üblicherweise auftretenden Probleme aufgrund eines Temperaturgradienten über die Bandbreite, die insbesondere im Bereich niedrigerer Temperaturen zu Tage treten, wirksam vermieden werden. Ein Temperaturgradient führt zu einer Beschädigung des Keramikwerkstoffes.An alternative solution for a movable conveyor belt support is that in the area of the high-temperature zone beneath the run of the conveyor belt through the heating chamber, a circulating support belt is arranged, wherein the conveying direction and belt speed of the conveyor belt coincides with the direction of movement and belt speed of the support belt. By the circulating support belt is located only in the region of the high temperature zone of the belt continuous furnace, the problems usually encountered in ceramic conveyor belts due to a temperature gradient be effectively avoided over the range, especially in the area of lower temperatures. A temperature gradient leads to damage of the ceramic material.

Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand der Figuren näher erläutert. Es zeigen

Figur 1
eine schematische Seitenansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Banddurchlaufofens,
Figur 2
einen Schnitt durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Banddurchlaufofen im Bereich der Hochtemperaturzone sowie
Figur 3
eine schematische Darstellung der Förderbandspannung bei einem herkömmlichen und einem erfindungsgemäßen Banddurchlaufofen.
The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the figures. Show it
FIG. 1
a schematic side view of a strip continuous furnace according to the invention,
FIG. 2
a section through a strip continuous furnace according to the invention in the field of high temperature zone and
FIG. 3
a schematic representation of the conveyor belt tension in a conventional and a strip continuous furnace according to the invention.

In den Figuren 1 und 2 ist ein Banddurchlaufofen zur Wärmebehandlung von Werkstücken, insbesondere Massenteilen aus Metall, vornehmlich Stahl, unter Schutzgasatmosphäre dargestellt. Der Durchlaufofen besteht im wesentlichen aus einem ein Förderband 1 aufweisenden, endlos umlaufenden Stetigförderer, einer Heizkammer 2, einer sich an die Heizkammer in Förderrichtung 3 anschließenden Kühlstrecke 4 sowie einer Förderbandauflage 5 zur Führung des Obertrums des Förderbands 1. Eingangsseitig weist die Heizkammer 2 einen Einlauf 6 für das Förderband auf. Am Ende der Kühlstrecke 3 befindet sich ein Auslauf 7 für das Förderband 1.In Figures 1 and 2, a continuous strip furnace for the heat treatment of workpieces, in particular mass parts of metal, mainly steel, shown under a protective gas atmosphere. The continuous furnace consists essentially of a conveyor belt 1 having, endlessly circulating continuous conveyor, a heating chamber 2, a subsequent to the heating chamber in the conveying direction 3 cooling section 4 and a conveyor belt support 5 for guiding the upper run of the conveyor belt 1. On the input side, the heating chamber 2 an inlet 6 for the conveyor belt on. At the end of the cooling section 3 is an outlet 7 for the conveyor belt. 1

Der gesamte Durchlaufbereich des Obertrums des Förderbandes 1 durch die Heizkammer 2 und Kühlstrecke 3 ist gekapselt, so dass ein geschlossener Durchlaufkanal gebildet wird. Der Durchlaufkanal besitzt mindestens einen nicht dargestellten Gasanschluss für die Zufuhr von Schutzgas, wobei der Ein- und Auslauf 6,7 als Ein- und Auslassschleuse ausgeführt sind, um den Schutzgasverbrauch zu mindern. Das dennoch austretende Schutzgas wird am Ein- und/oder Auslauf des Banddurchlaufofens in an sich bekannter Weise entzündet und abgefackelt.The entire passage area of the upper strand of the conveyor belt 1 through the heating chamber 2 and cooling section 3 is encapsulated, so that a closed flow channel is formed. The passage channel has at least one gas connection, not shown, for the supply of inert gas, wherein the input and Outlet 6,7 are designed as inlet and outlet to reduce the protective gas consumption. The still escaping inert gas is ignited and flared at the inlet and / or outlet of the belt continuous furnace in a conventional manner.

Die insgesamt mit 5 bezeichnete Förderbandauflage besteht aus einem ersten Satz Balken 8 a-c die in und gegen die Förderrichtung 3 des Förderbands 1 beweglich angeordnet sind. Zwischen den Balken 8 a,b,c befinden sich zwei weitere Balken 9 a,b, die in vertikaler Richtung 11 beweglich angeordnet sind. Zur Ausführung der Bewegung sind die Balken 8 a,b,c und 9 a,b mit einem Antrieb 12 verbunden. Die Auflagen 13 a,b,c der Balken 8 spannen eine parallele Ebene zu dem Obertrum des Förderbandes 1 auf, wobei die Auflagen 13 a und c seitlich abgewinkelt sind, um das Obertrum des Förderbands 1 an den Rändern zu führen.The total of 5 designated conveyor belt support consists of a first set of beams 8 a-c are arranged in and against the conveying direction 3 of the conveyor belt 1 movable. Between the bars 8 a, b, c are two more bars 9 a, b, which are arranged to be movable in the vertical direction 11. To carry out the movement, the beams 8 a, b, c and 9 a, b are connected to a drive 12. The pads 13 a, b, c of the beam 8 span a parallel plane to the upper run of the conveyor belt 1, wherein the supports 13 a and c are angled laterally to guide the upper run of the conveyor belt 1 at the edges.

Oberhalb des Förderbandes 1 befinden sich quer zur Förderrichtung 3 angeordnete elektrische Heizelemente 14, die über einen Durchgang 16 in der rechten Seitenwand 15 der Heizkammer 2 mit Strom versorgt werden. Von der Außenseite wird der Durchgang 16 von einem Kanal 17 gekapselt. An der Oberseite ist die Heizkammer von einem abnehmbaren Ofendeckel 18 verschlossen, der zu Wartungszwecken abnehmbar ist.Above the conveyor belt 1 are arranged transversely to the conveying direction 3 electrical heating elements 14, which are supplied via a passage 16 in the right side wall 15 of the heating chamber 2 with power. From the outside of the passage 16 is encapsulated by a channel 17. At the top, the heating chamber is closed by a removable furnace lid 18, which is removable for maintenance purposes.

Zwischen den Heizelementen 14 und dem Förderband 1 befindet sich eine Muffel 19 aus Keramik zur indirekten Beheizung der Werkstücke und zum Schutz der Werkstücke vor Verunreinigungen.Between the heating elements 14 and the conveyor belt 1 is a muffle 19 made of ceramic for indirect heating of the workpieces and to protect the workpieces from contamination.

Die in Figur 2 dargestellte insgesamt mit 5 bezeichnete bewegliche Förderbandauflage erstreckt sich zumindest über den Bereich der Hochtemperaturzone 21, die vom Einlauf 6 ausgehend einer Vorheizzone 22 innerhalb der Heizkammer 2 nachgeordnet ist. In der Hochtemperaturzone herrschen Temperaturen oberhalb von 1120° Celsius. In den Bereichen vor und hinter der Hochtemperaturzone 21 des Banddurchlaufofens wird der Obertrum des Förderbands 1 konventionell in gleitender Reibung über eine nicht dargestellte Bandauflage geführt. Die Förderbandauflage 5 arbeitet wie folgt:The illustrated in Figure 2 total designated 5 movable conveyor belt extends at least over the region of the high temperature zone 21, which is downstream of the inlet 6, starting from a preheating zone 22 within the heating chamber 2. In the high temperature zone prevail Temperatures above 1120 ° Celsius. In the areas in front of and behind the high-temperature zone 21 of the belt continuous furnace, the upper strand of the conveyor belt 1 is conventionally guided in sliding friction over a belt support, not shown. The conveyor belt support 5 works as follows:

Das Förderband 1 wird in Förderrichtung 3 getaktet bewegt. Während der Bewegung des Förderbandes 1 liegen die Balken 8a,b,c des ersten Balkensatzes an der Unterseite des Förderbandes 1 an und werden mit der Geschwindigkeit des Förderbandes in Förderrichtung 3 aus einer Ausgangslage in eine Endlage bewegt. Sobald die Balken 8a,b,c ihre Endlage erreicht haben, wird das Förderband 1 angehalten und von den Hubbalken 9a, b aus der in Figur 2 dargestellten Lage angehoben, so dass die Unterseite des Bandes nicht mehr auf den Balken 8a,b,c aufliegt. Anschließend werden die Balken 8a,b,c entgegen der Förderrichtung 3 in die Ausgangslage zurückbewegt. Dort werden die Balken 9 a,b unter das in Figur 2 dargestellte Niveau der Auflagen 13 a,b,c der Balken 8a,b,c abgesenkt, so dass das Band ausschließlich auf den Balken 8a,b,c ruht. Aus dieser Ausgangslage wiederholt sich der zuvor beschriebene Fördertakt. Der Abstand zwischen der Ausgangslage und der Endlage der Balken 8a,b,c ist deutlich geringer als der Abstand vom Anfang 23 bis zum Ende 24 der Hochtemperaturzone 21. Es sind daher mehrere Fördertakte der Balken erforderlich, um das Förderband reibungsfrei durch die Hochtemperaturzone 21 zu bewegen.The conveyor belt 1 is moved clocked in the conveying direction 3. During the movement of the conveyor belt 1, the beams 8a, b, c of the first beam set rest on the underside of the conveyor belt 1 and are moved at the speed of the conveyor belt in the conveying direction 3 from an initial position to an end position. As soon as the beams 8a, b, c have reached their end position, the conveyor belt 1 is stopped and lifted by the lifting beams 9a, b from the position shown in FIG. 2, so that the underside of the belt is no longer resting on the beams 8a, b, c rests. Subsequently, the beams 8a, b, c are moved back against the conveying direction 3 into the starting position. There, the bars 9 a, b below the level shown in Figure 2 of the supports 13 a, b, c of the beams 8 a, b, c lowered, so that the belt rests exclusively on the beams 8 a, b, c. From this starting position, the conveying cycle described above is repeated. The distance between the starting position and the end position of the beams 8a, b, c is significantly less than the distance from the beginning 23 to the end 24 of the high-temperature zone 21. Therefore, several conveying cycles of the beams are required to the conveyor belt without friction through the high-temperature zone 21 move.

Figur 3 verdeutlicht die vorteilhaften Wirkungen der erfindungsgemäßen beweglichen Förderbandauflage 5 gegenüber einer herkömmlichen Förderbandauflage. Das obere Diagramm zeigt den Spannungsverlauf in herkömmlichen Banddurchlauföfen. Man erkennt, dass die Spannung des Förderbands am Ende der Hochtemperaturzone 21 nahezu die zulässige Grenzspannung 25 des Förderbandes 1 erreicht. In dem unteren Diagramm ist erkennbar, dass die Bandspannung in der Hochtemperaturzone 21 weitgehend durch die mit dem Förderband bewegte Förderbandauflage 5 übernommen wird, so dass die Bandspannung deutlich unter der maximal zulässigen Grenzspannung 25 liegt.FIG. 3 illustrates the advantageous effects of the movable conveyor belt support 5 according to the invention compared to a conventional conveyor belt support. The upper diagram shows the voltage curve in conventional belt conveyor ovens. It can be seen that the tension of the conveyor belt at the end of the high-temperature zone 21 reaches almost the permissible limit tension 25 of the conveyor belt 1. In the lower diagram it can be seen that the belt tension in the high-temperature zone 21 is largely taken over by the conveyor belt support 5 moved with the conveyor belt, so that the belt tension is clearly below the maximum permissible limit tension 25.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

Nr.No. Bezeichnungdescription 1.1. Förderbandconveyor belt 2.Second Heizkammerheating chamber 3.Third Förderrichtungconveying direction 4.4th Kühlstreckecooling section 5.5th FörderbandauflageConveyor belt support 6.6th Einlaufenema 7.7th Auslaufoutlet 8. a-c8. a-c Balkenbar 9.a,b9.a, b Balkenbar 10.10th -- 11.11th vertikale Richtungvertical direction 12.12th Antriebdrive 13.a-c13.a-c Auflagenpads 14.14th Heizelementeheating elements 15.15th SeitenwandSide wall 16.16th Durchgangpassage 17.17th Kanalchannel 18.18th Ofendeckelfurnace cover 19.19th Muffelmuffle 20.20th -- 21.21st HochtemperaturzoneHigh temperature zone 22.22nd Vorheizzonepreheating 23.23rd Anfang
HochtemperaturzoneBeginning
High temperature zone 24.24th Ende
HochtemperaturzoneThe End
High temperature zone 25.25th Grenzspannunglimit voltage

Claims (10)

Banddurchlaufofen zur Wärmebehandlung von Werkstücken umfassend eine Heizkammer und eine sich an die Heizkammer anschließende Kühlstrecke, wobei ein Trum eines Förderbands durch die Heizkammer entlang einer Förderbandauflage geführt ist und die Werkstücke mittels des Förderbands durch eine Hochtemperaturzone in der Heizkammer transportiert werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Förderbandauflage zumindest in der Hochtemperaturzone (21) der Heizkammer (2) in Förderrichtung (3) simultan mit dem Förderband (1) beweglich angeordnet ist.Strip furnace for heat treatment of workpieces comprising a heating chamber and a subsequent cooling chamber to the heating chamber, wherein a run of a conveyor belt is guided through the heating chamber along a conveyor belt support and the workpieces are transported by the conveyor belt through a high temperature zone in the heating chamber, characterized in that the Conveyor belt support at least in the high temperature zone (21) of the heating chamber (2) in the conveying direction (3) is arranged to be movable simultaneously with the conveyor belt (1). Banddurchlaufofen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, das die Förderbandauflage (5) einen Satz erster in und gegen die Förderrichtung des Förderbands bewegliche Tragelemente (8) und einen Satz zweiter in vertikaler Richtung (9) bewegliche Tragelemente aufweist, wobei die Auflagen (13) der ersten Tragelemente (8) eine parallele Ebene zu dem Trum des Förderbandes (1) aufspannen und die Auflagen der zweiten Tragelemente (9) über und unter das Niveau dieser Ebene bewegbar sind.Strip conveyor furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the conveyor belt support (5) comprises a set of first support elements (8) movable in and against the conveying direction of the conveyor belt and a set of second support elements movable in the vertical direction (9), the supports (13) of Figs first support elements (8) span a parallel plane to the run of the conveyor belt (1) and the supports of the second support elements (9) are movable above and below the level of this plane. Banddurchlaufofen nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die ersten und zweiten Tragelemente (8,9) als Balken ausgeführt sind, deren Längsachsen sich in Förderrichtung (3) erstrecken.Strip conveyor furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that the first and second support elements (8,9) are designed as beams whose longitudinal axes extend in the conveying direction (3). Banddurchlaufofen nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die ersten und zweiten Tragelemente (8,9) mit einem Antrieb (12) verbunden sind.Strip conveyor furnace according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the first and second support elements (8,9) are connected to a drive (12). Banddurchlaufofen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, das im Bereich der Hochtemperaturzone (21) unterhalb des durch die Heizkammer (2) geführten Trums des Förderbands (1) ein umlaufendes Unterstützungsband angeordnet ist, wobei die Förderrichtung (3) und Bandgeschwindigkeit des Förderbands (1) mit der Bewegungsrichtung und Bandgeschwindigkeit des Unterstützungsbands übereinstimmt.Continuous belt furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that in the region of the high-temperature zone (21) below the through the heating chamber (2) run of the conveyor belt (1) a circulating support belt is arranged, wherein the conveying direction (3) and belt speed of the conveyor belt (1) coincides with the direction of movement and belt speed of the support belt. Banddurchlaufofen nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, das die ersten und zweiten Tragelemente (8,9) oder das Unterstützungsband aus einem hochtemperaturbeständigem Werkstoff bestehen.Continuous-band furnace according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the first and second support elements (8, 9) or the support band consist of a high-temperature-resistant material. Banddurchlaufofen nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, das der hochtemperaturbeständige Werkstoff Keramik ist.Strip continuous furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that the high temperature resistant material is ceramic. Banddurchlaufofen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Förderband (1) als Gliederband ausgeführt ist, dessen Glieder ausschließlich quer zur Förderrichtung scharniert sind.Strip conveyor furnace according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the conveyor belt (1) is designed as a link belt whose members are hinged exclusively transverse to the conveying direction. Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Banddurchlaufofens nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass (a) das Förderband (1) getaktet in Förderrichtung (3) bewegt wird, (b) während der Bewegung des Förderbands (1) in Förderrichtung (3) werden die ersten in und gegen die Förderrichtung beweglichen Tragelemente (8) mit der Geschwindigkeit des Förderbands in Förderrichtung aus einer Ausgangslage (23) in eine Endlage(24) bewegt, (c) nach dem Anhalten in der Endlage (24) wird das Förderband (1) von den zweiten in vertikaler Richtung (11) beweglichen Tragelementen (9) über das Niveau der von den Auflagen (13) der ersten Tragelemente (8) aufgespannten Ebene angehoben und die ersten Tragelemente (8) entgegen der Förderrichtung (3) in die Ausgangslage (23) zurückbewegt (d) sodann werden die in vertikaler Richtung beweglichen Tragelementen (9) unter das Niveau der von den Auflagen (13) der ersten Tragelemente(8) aufgespannten Ebene abgesenkt. Method for operating a strip continuous furnace according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that (a) the conveyor belt (1) is moved clocked in the conveying direction (3), (b) during the movement of the conveyor belt (1) in the conveying direction (3), the first support elements (8) movable in and against the conveying direction are moved with the speed of the conveyor belt in the conveying direction from an initial position (23) into an end position (24), (c) after stopping in the end position (24), the conveyor belt (1) of the second in the vertical direction (11) movable support elements (9) on the level of the of the supports (13) of the first support elements (8) plane spanned raised and the first support elements (8) against the conveying direction (3) moved back into the starting position (23) (D) then the vertically movable support members (9) are lowered below the level of the of the supports (13) of the first support members (8) plane spanned. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Förderband (1) mehrere Fördertakte nach Anspruch 9 vom Anfang (23) bis zum Ende (24) der Hochtemperaturzone durchläuft.A method according to claim 9, characterized in that the conveyor belt (1) passes through several conveying cycles according to claim 9 from the beginning (23) to the end (24) of the high-temperature zone.
EP05003003A 2004-05-03 2005-02-12 Continuous heat treatment furnace Expired - Lifetime EP1621840B1 (en)

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DE102004022047A DE102004022047B3 (en) 2004-05-03 2004-05-03 Continuous strand furnace for heat treating workpieces comprises a conveyor belt arrangement arranged in a high temperature zone of a heating chamber in the conveying direction to simultaneously move with the conveyor belt

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EP1621840B1 EP1621840B1 (en) 2007-02-28

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113528781A (en) * 2021-01-25 2021-10-22 陈学森 Crawler-type controllable atmosphere brazing heat treatment device

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DE102007027333B4 (en) * 2007-06-14 2016-07-14 Andreas Breloer Apparatus for heat treatment of metallic circuit boards
DE102015112375A1 (en) 2015-07-29 2017-02-02 Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover Continuous furnace and method for its operation

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DE1161931B (en) * 1961-06-12 1964-01-30 Wistra Ofenbau Walking beam furnace for the heat treatment of metallic goods such as iron, steel, etc. like
GB970807A (en) * 1963-09-17 1964-09-23 John Fallon Improvements relating to furnaces
US3434702A (en) * 1966-07-06 1969-03-25 Koppers Wistra Ofenbau Gmbh Conveyor furnace
DE1508420B1 (en) * 1966-10-24 1970-10-01 Wilhelm Krause Device for transporting metallic workpieces in heat fens
US5211557A (en) * 1991-10-03 1993-05-18 Taikisha Ltd. Heating furnace

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1161931B (en) * 1961-06-12 1964-01-30 Wistra Ofenbau Walking beam furnace for the heat treatment of metallic goods such as iron, steel, etc. like
GB970807A (en) * 1963-09-17 1964-09-23 John Fallon Improvements relating to furnaces
US3434702A (en) * 1966-07-06 1969-03-25 Koppers Wistra Ofenbau Gmbh Conveyor furnace
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113528781A (en) * 2021-01-25 2021-10-22 陈学森 Crawler-type controllable atmosphere brazing heat treatment device

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ES2279459T3 (en) 2007-08-16
EP1621840B1 (en) 2007-02-28
DE502005000417D1 (en) 2007-04-12
ATE355501T1 (en) 2006-03-15
DE102004022047B3 (en) 2005-09-01

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