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EP1600688A1 - Surface d'illumination, avec des composants électriques émettant de la lumière - Google Patents

Surface d'illumination, avec des composants électriques émettant de la lumière Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1600688A1
EP1600688A1 EP05011493A EP05011493A EP1600688A1 EP 1600688 A1 EP1600688 A1 EP 1600688A1 EP 05011493 A EP05011493 A EP 05011493A EP 05011493 A EP05011493 A EP 05011493A EP 1600688 A1 EP1600688 A1 EP 1600688A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
transparent
light
illuminating
carrier
consumers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05011493A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Manfred Kluth
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP1600688A1 publication Critical patent/EP1600688A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V33/00—Structural combinations of lighting devices with other articles, not otherwise provided for
    • F21V33/006—General building constructions or finishing work for buildings, e.g. roofs, gutters, stairs or floors; Garden equipment; Sunshades or parasols
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B9/00—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation
    • E04B9/32—Translucent ceilings, i.e. permitting both the transmission and diffusion of light
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V23/00—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices
    • F21V23/04—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being switches
    • F21V23/0435—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being switches activated by remote control means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V33/00—Structural combinations of lighting devices with other articles, not otherwise provided for
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F13/00—Illuminated signs; Luminous advertising
    • G09F13/20—Illuminated signs; Luminous advertising with luminescent surfaces or parts
    • G09F13/22—Illuminated signs; Luminous advertising with luminescent surfaces or parts electroluminescent
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2121/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems for decorative purposes, not provided for in codes F21W2102/00 – F21W2107/00
    • F21W2121/008—Use or application of lighting devices or systems for decorative purposes, not provided for in codes F21W2102/00 – F21W2107/00 for simulation of a starry sky or firmament
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2105/00—Planar light sources
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2105/00—Planar light sources
    • F21Y2105/10—Planar light sources comprising a two-dimensional array of point-like light-generating elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • F21Y2115/15—Organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a lighting surface with electrical, light-emitting Consumers, such as LED, SM-LED or organic semiconductors, consisting from a support surface in which the consumer is embedded or on the Support surface are attached.
  • electrical, light-emitting Consumers such as LED, SM-LED or organic semiconductors
  • Such a lighting surface with applied to glass light emitting diodes over essentially invisible conductor tracks applied to the glass surface a power connection are, for example, from EP 0995 1 99th known.
  • the light-emitting diodes for example produced in subminiature technology (SMD)
  • SMD subminiature technology
  • the glass surfaces have one high specific gravity and are therefore not readily for the Covering large areas, for example in the facade area, because of high forces to intercept.
  • a retrofitting of an existing facade, to Example with glass elements, is therefore very expensive.
  • the ladder can be flexible and - to facilitate assembly - first with one flexible film to be connected when mounting with the rear window is connected.
  • Translucent and transparent surfaces become often used in the prior art to form a weather protection, the Environmental influences, such as rain, wind, UV radiation and unwanted Keeps air exchange away.
  • Such areas are used in tent construction, awning or used as umbrellas and are popular because they create large open spaces that optically open the room to the side or upwards. They also convey the Impression that one is staying in the open air.
  • the disadvantage is that in dark weather and night, the thus formed transparent surfaces, apart from a few unintended reflections or reflections, dark and appear black.
  • Object of the present invention is an improved lighting surface with electrical consumers to create more creative options offers.
  • the support surface is designed to be translucent and arranged the consumer so spaced are that at least partially sufficient ambient light is transmitted, so that the support surface is translucent on both sides.
  • bulbs in the form of LED, SM-LED or organic semiconductors, on the support surface creates a lighting surface with special optical effects. These range from individual points of light, over picture, script or pattern-like arranged points of light up to extensive radiation of light over the entire surface.
  • the bulbs can be monochrome, colorful or color-tunable (for example RGB-LED) be.
  • the bulbs can all together (rows / parallel), in Groups, or individually controllable. For single or groupwise Control of color-tunable bulbs is even one Color monitor similar operation or use as a color monitor possible, provided that the density of the lamps is selected accordingly.
  • the bulbs can be spaced in such a way be arranged that on the one hand sufficient ambient light is transmitted and on the other hand, the support surface is translucent from both sides.
  • pictorial motifs can be generated by the bulbs specifically can be used for large pictures, with several side by side arranged lighting surfaces to complement a large picture.
  • Organic semiconductors in particular of organic molecular crystals, have a high application potential for components such as diodes, transistors, photovoltaic cells and organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Their commercial application remained for a long time limited to a few markets, for example, as photoconductive materials in Copiers. For about twenty years, the situation has changed drastically changed.
  • electrically highly conductive polymers the in particular also be used as a conductor within the meaning of the invention, sat down tremendous worldwide interest in organic semiconductors and their use in electronics and optoelectronics.
  • the organic light-emitting diode is constructed, for example, as follows: A transparent one Substrate (glass, quartz or polymer film) serves as the basis for the structure.
  • the Anode an ITO (indium tin oxide) layer is electrically conductive and for visible light permeable. The light is created in the "active" organic Layers, when there recombine pairs of electrons and "holes" and each generate a photon. The light gets through the optically transparent Substrate radiated. In order to achieve a high efficiency, for the Transport of charge carriers applied one or more additional layers.
  • an optically non-transparent metal contact with low work function for example, calcium
  • the illumination surface may also be defined by a mesh, a Matrix or other arrangement of conductors without a special continuous Surface can be formed for example of plastic or foil.
  • a braid of preferably insulated thin conductors thus forms the skeleton on which the individual consumer or lighting means are attached. This can then be laminated for example between films or free in the Room to be hung up.
  • Such a network is without sophisticated manufacturing processes easy to make.
  • a lighting surface in the sense of the invention can be any be any inventively designed 3-D object.
  • Chairs, tables, plates, housings for technical devices, furniture, etc. can be produced, for example, by a hollow or solid translucent / transparent Housing, which refers to one of the following Species is provided with lighting.
  • Especially unknown and exotic Lighting effects can be achieved if, in addition to the bulbs more refractive, light-reflecting or light-scattering particles, for example holographic particles, transparent particles of different refractive index etc. of the support surface are added.
  • an object may be off transparent synthetic resin with the addition of holographic foil particles, Glass particles and LEDs the optical effect described above achieve.
  • the lighting surface does not necessarily have to be in a flat shape be defined.
  • the invention is also as a flag, drooping Surface, such as roller blind, or even blind imaginable.
  • the arrangement of the lamps themselves in the area randomly and dynamically distributed be, as the following example shows.
  • the wireless-controlled later described or energy-supplied bulbs are in one Floating liquid or floating, for example in a body of water, swimming pool, pool, aquarium or a water-filled object, for example, a column made of glass or Plexiglas.
  • the latter are known as decorative objects and typically have a height of 1.80 m and a diameter of 50 cm and are from below with headlights illuminated while illuminated from the ground area for generating illuminated Bubbles is blown.
  • Wirelessly illuminable bulbs for example Light-emitting diodes with dipole antenna or coils, float in the forming Flow and are provided by peripherally provided coils, in particular from the Substantially invisible or invisibly arranged ladders, Coils or antennas exposed to an electromagnetic field.
  • the control can for example be done so that the bulbs only in a certain Range, for example, above, light up or in different zones one accept another color. Possibilities for the technical implementation of this Thought will be explained below.
  • the RGB light emitting diode multiple antennas, coils, dipole antennas, and the like have different resonance frequencies for each color.
  • the illumination surface according to the invention as a film in particular Tension film, for example made of PVC, can be particularly efficient, proven and inexpensive manufacturing processes, such as film blowing or extruder, are used.
  • Tension film or foil apply their known advantages in terms of Lightness, mountability, transportability and large area.
  • the lighting area or film can be basically rigid or flexible and is preferably used even though curved film surfaces are not be excluded. Particular advantages are achieved when no Glass, especially because of its brittleness and its weight, processed becomes.
  • carrier surface is transparent or translucent.
  • a transparent one Support surface in the sense of the invention means that they are the viewer in Essentially as transparent. It does not necessarily come down to that that the support surface provides an undistorted or completely clear view, for example, as with a clear glass, enabled.
  • a transparent one Carrier surface in the context of the invention is especially when behind the Carrier surface located objects can be seen. Translucent against means that the support surface is translucent, that is, that one Illumination placed behind the support surface clears the space in front of the support surface quite able to illuminate, with the viewer behind the translucent However, carrier surface standing lighting can not detect in detail.
  • a Ground glass is an example of a translucent surface according to the invention, the bulbs not at all or only schematically, for example as a bright zone, are recognizable.
  • a translucent surface has the advantage of being behind it hidden technology, the electrical consumers, especially the bulbs, may also be hidden and, for example, only then perceived become active, for example, when they become active.
  • a translucent surface So when the bulbs are activated, they seem to be out, possibly even homogeneously over the entire surface. It may, in the Contrary to the large area light quite be desired that the Illuminate individually, ie individual more or less diffuse points form.
  • the bulbs can also be on the visible side of the surface be arranged visible.
  • the invention is mainly based on Light-emitting diodes, in particular subminiature light-emitting diodes and OLED, as an example for an electrical consumer, described.
  • that is Invention to other electrical consumers, for example Sound sources, piezo, sensors, actuators, signalers and the like, apply.
  • Subminiature light emitting diodes and OLEDs have the advantage of being because of the essentially missing housing have a smaller depth and still be easy to machine or produce by machine.
  • Illuminated surfaces with a transparent or translucent Carrier surface have the advantage that the optical contact to another Room can be made by viewing or diffused outdoor light effect.
  • the illumination surface according to the invention When using the illumination surface according to the invention as for example Outside wall or outside roof, this lighting surface is permeable to daytime the natural light, which is pleasantly perceived by humans or even lets you look outside. At night, on the other hand, if the lighting surface would be dark overall and therefore the Room no longer limited in a reasonable way, the invention serves Lighting surface because of the bulbs as eye-catching and / or artificial Light source for the room.
  • this application is also appropriate any two adjacent rooms or partitioned areas applicable and therefore not on the application described above (inside / outside) limited.
  • the consumers can in this case to one side, preferably to be arranged on both sides of the support surface and consequently light to both Emit sides of the support surface.
  • the lighting surface is flexible, it can be used as a roof, ceiling or Wall can be used and is therefore versatile, space-saving, rolled up and foldable.
  • a flexible lighting surface is usually easier too mount and harder to damage than for example glass.
  • the storage and transportation are also simplified.
  • the lighting surface because of the Roll-up of a flexible lighting surface larger areas in one piece, that means without the application of multiple lighting surfaces to be realized.
  • the bulbs are in the support surface or in a certain area of the Carrier surface arranged so that enough ambient light is transmitted, that means that for the viewer a consciously perceptible contact after Outside or in the other area is manufacturable, of course the brightness in front of the support surface has to be considered.
  • desired effect can be influenced by the impression of Starry sky with scattered luminous points up to a large, seemingly reach out from illuminating support surface. This applies to all Light situations, for example, in brightness and darkness, where the luminosity the bulb is interpreted accordingly.
  • the electrical consumers are arranged on the support surface so that they are wireless, that is without direct electrical contact, are activatable.
  • Activate means for example at a lighting means that the brightness state can be influenced, for example by dimming or switching on / off.
  • the activation can be any bulbs or include individual groups. As a result, no disturbing tracks are visible or it must be no complicated laid, connected or be printed.
  • the activation takes place in particular by wireless Transmission of energy necessary for operation or by wireless Influencing the switching state, whereby the energy required for lighting in the bulb is stored (for example, capacitor, battery), or on other way, for example via cables or tracks, available is provided.
  • Wireless activation options are for example inductive and capacitive Coupling, light, radio or microwaves.
  • the wireless coupling offers two Advantages: Where the coupling can work over long distances, for example Light, radio or microwaves, a wiring or the Applying conductor tracks to the illumination surface or carrier surface superfluous. Damage to the same and short circuits are basically not possible.
  • Every contact is one potential source of interference, weakens or damages the lighting surface or is not producible depending on the type of lighting surface (for example, soldering on a PVC film) and can oxidation, the ingress of liquids or subject to acids or galvanic influences.
  • a wireless Coupling is also useful where the electrical conductors in the immediate Near the electrical consumers are introduced. The above Contact problems are avoided if the electrical consumer is only in the proximity of the conductor must be brought.
  • the energy or Signal transmission can be very effective over short distances, for example done by inductive or capacitive coupling. For this purpose can So ladder or consumer side corresponding coil or Capacitor surfaces are formed, and it is not a problem if in between the illumination surface, support surface or other insulating Layer is.
  • a particularly simple way of activation is given when on both sides of the formed as an insulator support surface, such as a PVC film, a particular invisible, conductive material is applied. If This is subjected to different voltage can at any Place correspondingly used electrical loads powered become.
  • the storage of the necessary energy for lighting in the bulbs For example, about capacitors has the advantage that, for example, via a long period over very long distances or with very low energy the Energy can be transported and for a comparatively short flash / flash of the bulb can be used.
  • the short flashing or Flash can either via another wireless control command or directly by exceeding a certain voltage at the charging Storage medium done.
  • the transmission of the energy required for wireless operation can in principle take place from two directions.
  • frontally or respectively behind the illumination surface according to the invention corresponding transmitter be arranged.
  • This has the advantage of being in the lighting area distributed bulbs are evenly supplied with energy.
  • the transmitter can be placed independently of the lighting surface, so that It stays light and is not connected to electrical energy sources must become.
  • the disadvantage, however, that optionally energy undesirable the environment is radiated.
  • the transmitter Part of the lighting surface itself for example in a frame for holding the illumination surface.
  • the transmitter is particularly close to the bulbs, and thus the radiation losses to the Environment are low.
  • a dipole transmitter can be less noticeable Be part of the frame. He is then invisible, if either translucent Are provided surfaces or he is hidden by frame members, the preferably wholly or partly non-metallic, for example of plastic consist.
  • the energy released to the environment may be shielded be, for example, by fine wire cloth, vapor-deposited or applied conductive layers, which are preferably transparent.
  • a closed one System is obtained when a frame element is provided in the between two transparent conductive layers, for example corresponding ones Tension films, the illumination surface according to the invention is provided, and to Inside the frame the dipole antenna is arranged.
  • the electrical consumers are individually addressable, it is possible to selectively activate individual consumers or groups of consumers. This allows, for example, a bus-like supply to all consumers, thereby less tracks are needed.
  • the energy and / or signal flow can of course also done wirelessly.
  • the activation can be done, for example, by digital Transmission of the address and the switching state take place, as for example is known in the light control technology DALI standard.
  • a Addressability according to the invention can also be non-digital: Zum Example, if the individual consumers or groups of electric Consumers are assigned different frequencies. In the simplest case This happens because lighting means are provided which form a resonant circuit having certain resonant frequencies. The activation of the different groups then happens by sending energy with the aforementioned frequencies.
  • the consumers are addressed in such a way that in particular picture elements or lettering in each case from both sides of the Carrier surface are displayed in the right way, for example, if consumers too Both sides of the support surface are arranged.
  • conductors are on the illumination surface or carrier surface provided that are connected to the electrical loads to this To supply operating power and / or signals.
  • These can be sheath-insulated, enamel-insulated or bare thin wires. ever After removal of the viewer from the lighting surface they are doing this due to the thickness / color, etc. not noticed and therefore also considered transparent conductor in the sense of the invention.
  • these ladder glued to the surface, for example, as a pair of conductors, bus-shaped or as Matrix. In the case of the matrix there are either because of the numerous crossing points insulated conductors or at least in the area of the crossing points insulated conductors to use.
  • the conductors on both sides of the insulating support surface or another insulating layer so that an insulated conductor is not necessary.
  • Wire or cable-like conductors can be easily attached to the Carrier surface, for example a PVC film, glued or welded with this become.
  • the conductors are designed by your resistance so that their unavoidable heating power remains low in relation to the consumers supplied power.
  • Transparency is still there, if some slight shading, discoloration in any case or under certain angles / lighting situations is visible. It is essential that This is so small that it is the viewer compared to the overall effect the lighting surface does not immediately catch your eye. In the case of a translucent or even opaque lighting surface, it can be quite a non-insignificant Head on the back of the lighting surface not the viewer catches the eye.
  • a matrix-like arrangement of the tracks as is common, for example, with boards in comparable applications is to create, at least on the front of the invention be provided transparent conductor. This simplifies the layout of the Conductors in a large number of LEDs, as the connection or Intersection points of the tracks are not on a common side of the Illumination or support surface must lie.
  • Transparent ladder in one particularly inexpensive process also printed, sprayed or glued are, for example, a c-axis oriented film of zinc oxide and aluminum as main components, or of Au, SnO3, In2O3, CaO, ZnS and ITO (indium zinc oxide, as disclosed for example in DE 36 39 508 A1). These are usually flexible as well.
  • Adhesive transparent Conductors for example of the role, are particularly suitable for flexible production such traces on site and for areas of very large dimensions, the can not be printed with reasonable effort.
  • the conductors in particular the transparent conductor, are stretchable.
  • Examples of such conductors are graphite foils or Polymer inks, Fa Precisia LLC, 731 Fairfield Court, Ann. Arbor, USA-MI 48108.
  • such illumination surface according to the invention with electric consumers are very extensible, such as For example, films, clamping films, awnings or screen films, for example in an umbrella, additionally as eye-catcher, as street lighting or the Safety of the wearer by better recognizability, can serve.
  • a foil or stretch film is hung.
  • the Tension foil thereby by means of circulating piping in an encircling profile clamped, which is the usual edge fastening measures for tensioning foils in the Stretch ceilings or Spannpurposebau corresponds.
  • the inventive Surface forms a wall or ceiling, or part of such is.
  • walls may be substantially vertical surfaces, which delimit a room from its surroundings, for example an outer wall or walls that are placed inside a room, for example as Room dividers, exhibition stands, displays for advertising or projections, noise barriers, Shelves, counters, decorative objects and the like.
  • the illumination surface according to the invention forms with electrical consumers either the wall or ceiling or is part of it, as the following example shows: Below a truss-like glass dome can illuminating surfaces of the invention hung with LEDs or a corresponding network become.
  • the above effects may be related to, for example, Daylight and darkness are just as well implemented, as if the Glass surface itself would be provided with the bulbs, but decreases the Nachrüstroustagen Production cost, as no glass plates with bulbs must be provided and no replacement of the same is necessary.
  • the repair effort in case of failure of the bulbs is also much lower, since not the whole glass pane, which is mostly weatherproof in an overall construction is embedded, needs to be replaced.
  • the surface is heat resistant (prevents faster aging or higher yellowing or turbidity by the Heat of the bulbs), self-cleaning (for example, by appropriate Coatings, for example, after the lotus effect, so less cleanings when used outdoors), flame retardant or other Requirements of the authorities, building authorities is designed accordingly.
  • This opens up new fields of application of the lighting surface For example, in public areas, in transport, such as Planes, etc ..
  • Lighting surfaces This can then, for example, as a large-scale advertising or animated area or even, with appropriate control, as Serve big screen TV.
  • area with Advertising provided, for example, by a partial or total printing of the illuminated area, the novel design of the lighting area for Increased attention of the viewer for the advertising message ensures.
  • the subdivision of the support surface into a transparent / translucent support, the essentially the stability of the support surface and a transparent / translucent Recording layer for embedding consumers without bearing Function with respect to the support surface itself, allows the selection of the for the appropriate functions (stability and embedding) optimal materials.
  • Embedding involves both only a lateral stop, that is the consumer partially penetrates the receiving layer, as well as the complete embedding the consumer is protected against the environment.
  • the production effort can be further reduced because the carrier separately and optionally can be produced industrially, or on already existing Backing materials can be used.
  • Applying the transparent Recording layer can comparatively easily by lamination, bonding, Brushing, squeezing, spraying and the like happen, especially after the application of the consumer on the carrier.
  • the recording layers can be on one or both sides on the carrier and also the protection of the ladder to Example against damage, scratching, corrosion, especially in the area of Connecting points to consumers.
  • the materials glass Plexiglas, Makrolon, hard PVC and soft PVC and cast resin into consideration.
  • the transparent recording layer for example, paints, stretchable paints or Polymer inks, rubber and comparable elastic flexible acquisition layers, or thin receiving layers of soft PVC can be used.
  • the Recording layer can of course also current conducting, so as a conductor in the sense of Invention be configured and, for example, the entire surface of a common Form mass.
  • the recording layer is embedded between two carriers, that is Recording layer less sensitive to moisture, environmental influences, Scratching, aging, hardening, etc ..
  • the lighting surface is UV resistant, it can be outdoors be used and age less quickly. It just depends that the parts of the lighting surface that are actually in contact with ultraviolet light come, are designed accordingly.
  • the conductors are matrix-like arranged. This means that the conductors intersect without getting electrically attached touch.
  • the conductors are connected by corresponding consumers who arranged the two isolated from each other Electrically connect the conductors. Ladders can be used to Operate the consumer and transmit data, such as in a bus system. This makes it possible with fewer conductors a variety of Consumers individually or in groups to control.
  • the flexible, light-emitting illumination surface according to the invention is suitable especially for awning or awning cars, as by the lighting means special optical effects can be achieved, the hitherto in this context not yet known.
  • a roofing system with a variety of Awning car is described in EP 0 567 030 and describes an extendable Cover with several parallel blinds at the at least one roller blind in Guide rails is slidably mounted and in the awning curtain at least one roller blind with its free end on the adjacent roller blind of the winding shaft is decoupled attached holder members attached.
  • roofing devices may further provide intermediate zones which are not covered by awnings, but a permanent one roofing, for example in the form of a glass roof, a glass dome and have the like. In a further embodiment it is therefore provided that this permanent roof instead of glass transparent to the invention Illuminating surface has.
  • the inventive Illuminating surface can be freely set up or suspended.
  • openable means that the illumination surface is designed such that the user without installation effort can change the position, the illumination surface is designed so that it can be placed anywhere without Risk of falling. The focus must therefore be on the corresponding known rules of physics in a suitable relation to the base area.
  • the lighting surface can be suspended if it is connected to one, several or All edges or corners can be attached, for example, as a room divider or aperture in front of a window.
  • Example of easy attachability in the sense The invention is at Saugnäpfen on smooth surfaces, hook-and-loop fasteners appropriate substrate or glued to the substrate Gegenklettbsn, so with any fasteners, for a temporary Attachment are suitable.
  • retaining means for example, bracing rods between the walls, for example, at a window opening, provided in the upper and lower, over the width of the surface extending guide eyelets are introduced and thus span the lighting surface.
  • the bars can, for example, by twisting, and the lighting surface for Example by cutting to length, be changed in their width and thus to different Requirements are adjusted.
  • the 90 ° offset Holding means of course also be installed between floor and ceiling and thus with very little effort to wear the lighting surface as a partition.
  • any 3D objects can be created, with the web-like surface around any aligned edges, such as the holding means, rods, etc., is diverted or held to this.
  • the illumination surface is designed as a shutter.
  • the, the lamellae in the vertical direction interconnecting Guide cables or the tension cables guided by the slats as a conductor be formed so that the blinds are initially not of commercial different. Illuminants can then be placed anywhere, for example in or be arranged on the slats and so for a lighting of the room or provide illumination of the slats themselves. It is beyond that advantageous if means for switching on or off of the lamps provided are. This can be done for example by a separate switch, the the cables are de-energized, happen.
  • the drawstrings can of course also like that be guided by the slats that only when tilting the slats against the Pull threads a contact, for example, is made by the clamping action.
  • a contact for example, is made by the clamping action.
  • the rows and columns are arranged Illuminant similar to the civil horrinous columns or activated line by line. That means first the first line Z1 with the Power source connected while and in succession or simultaneously if appropriate, the corresponding columns S1-S4, in which bulbs L4, if they belong to the first line, they should light up. After that, the second one Row Z2 connected to the power source and the column-wise control repeated. With appropriate speed of the control results a high frequency for each single lamp L1 - L4, so as a result of the Inertia of the Human Eye the Impression of Permanently Illuminated Points L1 - L4 is created. In addition to special lighting effects, screens are also such realizable.
  • the bulbs are such that they have a variety of states on one can take appropriate signal out.
  • a state is through his Brightness and / or color marked.
  • the Illuminant comprises an LED and a control, for example a integrated circuit.
  • the circuit can also be integrated in the LED, such as This is known for example from self-flashing LED's. All lines and Columns of the matrix are initially supplied permanently with 3-volt, with the Lines negative and the columns positive voltage.
  • the circuit of Illuminant is now such that the permanently applied voltage of 3 volts is sufficient to make the LEDs shine maximum.
  • the circuit comprises a memory circuit which is capable of Absence of a signal to maintain the last switched state. If applied to the integrated circuit 5 volts, for example, changes a flip-flop its condition and the lamp goes out or on. This can one row at a time and one column at a time, but specifically, every single illumination be switched on or off by briefly increased Voltage of 5 volts is applied. To avoid several at the same time Bulb of a row or column unintentionally change state suggested that at the corresponding line the negative voltage greater and at the same time increases the positive voltage at the associated column becomes.
  • the line is -1 volts and the column +4 volts, so that the integrated circuit with 5 volts briefly applied becomes.
  • the integrated circuit with 5 volts briefly applied becomes.
  • the state of each individual bulb will be affected, the condition maintained even after elimination of the control or the signal voltage becomes. This results in a flicker-free picture. It can all here too Bulbs of a line can be addressed simultaneously.
  • the voltage reduction in the line is 1.1 volts and the Voltage increase in the columns is therefore 1-2 volts.
  • voltage increase Under no circumstances can and the lowering of tension alone be able to do so Lamp to suspend an increased voltage of more than 2 volts. One unintentional switching is thus prevented.
  • the bulb is dimmable proportional to voltage increases of 11-15 volts.
  • the lowering of voltage in the line is 9 volts and the voltage increase in the columns is therefore 2-7 volts.
  • Voltage increase and voltage reduction alone Under no circumstances are the bulbs of an increased voltage capable of doing so of more than 9 volts. An unintentional switching becomes like that prevented.
  • Claimed here is also protection for the method described here for driving a screen, the structure a screen and the construction of a pixel or a group of Pixels, so for example a bulb, which indicates a signal, for example the above-described voltage increase and the like, a specific one Brightness and / or color and this maintains after the loss of the signal.
  • Claimed is also a light emitting diode in a compact housing a Circuit, for example, IC, for carrying out the above method.
  • a Similar circuit is known from the already mentioned flashing LEDs.
  • the above described organic semiconductors are particularly suitable for simple Structure of the illumination surface according to the invention, since for example both Illuminants, as well as controls, circuits for carrying out the image control method, such as Flip-Flop, especially easy on the lighting surface can be applied by means of the commonly used in this field. This is all the more true as this technology is partly transparent / translucent.
  • the columns S1 to S4 per light spot L1-L4 can also be multiple times be provided, for example, the individual colors of a RGB LED to be able to control individually.
  • the previously said in terms of driving a Red dot with or without integrated circuit or storage of a condition analogously fully applies also to colored illuminants, for example, those in a housing a red, green and blue Have light bulbs.
  • To speed up the image construction can also be provided that the screen in a variety of identical, individually is subdivided to be controlled. As a result, any size of light walls can be built up by standard components, depending on the drive, an image pixel one or a plurality of bulbs can be constructed.
  • a video signal for example, VGA signal is busily a variety of Control modules supplied.
  • Each of these control modules which has a specific Partial area of the entire image represents, according to the invention, the To control bulbs of a partial surface.
  • From the basic video signal which For example, a 640 x 320 pixel image represents each processed Control module only a partial section, for example lines 1 - 50 and columns 1-50.
  • the adjacent control module processes columns 51-100 in the rows 1 - 50, etc ..
  • Each individual module is thus provided with a control that out an overall picture only processed a picture detail.
  • the invention is particularly suitable for displays with still images or temporally / spatially moderately moving images.
  • An illumination surface according to the invention can also be used in the free surfaces of a Be mounted timbered.
  • a film thereby - when using appropriate truss profiles very large, lightweight and stable structures can be built up, for example, cubes, domes, spheres, etc.
  • Trusses have the advantage that, for example, when using standard struts - the objects created from it are very versatile and In addition, a simple buildability and portability is given. Such objects can be outdoors or indoors, for example at trade shows be constructed.
  • a foldable truss has the advantage that - if necessary after the removal of the free spaces of the framework filling areas the structure can be quickly collapsed or built up, namely, without having assembled a variety of elements according to a blueprint Need to become.
  • Such trusses are also known as grid-carrier systems known.
  • a lying in front of the bulb transparent film may also be in the range of light emission of the illuminant be printed so on the one hand to promote the multiple reflection and on the other hand, as a luminous surface in the direction of the observer diffused light radiate.
  • the inventive Illuminating surface Component at least one-sided be transparent or translucent chamber systems in which the noise-causing Air vibrations consumed, that is converted into heat, are, such as the silencer.
  • the surfaces of the invention can similar to a computer rack designed to be standardized Form modules that can be inserted into the shelves, trusses and the like, in particular, these may be addressable by hardware or software and / or an electrical contact during insertion are automatically effected can while a mechanical connection is made. Through identical modules or a limited number of different modules, for example in different grid sizes or shapes, can flexibly different Designs are created.
  • connection between conductor and light source can also be achieved by simple "Piercing” and possibly catching occur when the contact wire of the Illuminant is designed such that it can pierce the conductor, such as Example of conductors made of fine copper wire and a pointed contact wire, the possibly provided with barb-like roughening and the like.
  • the area may also be a window, in particular for a means of transport, for example, be an airplane. This may succeed in long-haul flights desired impression that through the usual opening (window) Daylight falls into the interior.
  • the illumination surface according to the invention As a monitor revealed the advantages in comparison to known TVs, especially large-screen TVs, because of the transparency / translucency when not in use, the device as less disturbing or even perceived as a design object / art and also lighter is.
  • the lighting surface or module is waterproof or weatherproof is, arise in novel applications in the field or outdoors Underwater area in pools, wells, etc. This may u. A. by the already described encapsulation of the contacts and lamps through the multilayer Construction done.
  • reflection means in the illumination surface or carrier surface may also be provided. These have the purpose of the invention to scatter the task reflect or reflect. These include, for example, mirrors, mica platelets, Holograms, printing surfaces, diffuse particles or shiny particles. It It is understood that the distribution of the reflection means in the illumination surface depending on the application and desired effects is very variable. It comes but in particular that on the one hand in daylight the impression of clear view through the transparent lighting surface is ensured. Supporting can also be provided that the reflection means the Let ambient light through or adjust their color, such as this is the case for example with holographic foils.
  • the efindungshunt desired effect can be influenced by the impression of Starry sky with scattered luminous points up to a large, seemingly reach out to illuminating surface.
  • the Reflecting means such that they in the transillumination substantially the Take on the hue of the corresponding light, such as holographic Particle.
  • the reflection means can also be particularly easily printed or printed be.
  • the reflection means should act so that they Light from a uniform direction (parallel rays of light or punctiform Light source) in different directions.
  • the thought is there that gives the impression of a mirrored uniform lighting surface should be avoided and the bright spots of light from the reflecting means are formed, then evenly distributed over the illumination surface act if they are only from one direction, such as a spot, be illuminated.
  • a radiation of light can be through both Scattering, reflection or reflection happen.
  • Scattering reflection means usually do not have to be aligned differently, because the scattering Alone for even, that is undirected light distribution ensures.
  • reflecting surfaces reflect the laws of geometric Optics and therefore must be in different orientation in the transparent Illuminating surface be provided.
  • scattering surfaces are Paper, frosted glass, prints; reflective surfaces are for example polished or smooth surfaces, mirrors; reflective surfaces are, for example, cat's eyes and corresponding reflective films with microscopic particles.
  • the Reflecting means can also be particularly easily printed or printed.
  • holograms in particular the particularly inexpensive and thin Foil or embossed holograms. These have low mass about very well predefinable scattering, reflection, specular and diffractive properties. Therefore, as a reflection means a variety of different Holograms or arranged in a plane but in the plane twisted similar holograms be arranged, but the light radiating from a uniform direction in different directions can radiate.
  • This embodiment facilitates the production of a transparent illumination surface according to the invention, since the reflection means not with different inclination, that is alignment on or in the transparent lighting surface must be attached. That's weird Embedding requires a higher production cost.
  • the radiating in different directions is rather a feature of holograms.
  • the transparent recording layer with the reflection means on both sides of transparent carrier is applied, a higher luminance can be achieved become.
  • further optical effects can be achieved if by the Transparent carriers through another considered reflection means have optical effect, as arranged in front of the transparent support Reflection means. Such an effect can be achieved, for example, if the transparent carrier is colored or otherwise like light-changing effect.
  • the Illuminating surface also diffuse or such with the reflection means is provided that they have the function of a screen, for example, for up or Rear projection of static, changing or moving images, met.
  • Fig. 1 shows a lighting surface 1 according to the invention, mounted in a Frame system 40.
  • the frame system 40 is constructed like a truss and may in some or all of the free areas with the illumination surface according to the invention 1 equipped.
  • the lighting area 1 here a transparent one Foil made of PVC as a support surface 2, which in this application also be stiff can, is at its four vertices via connecting means 41, for example one thin wire or a spring held in the frame 40 and simultaneously forms the Support surface for the bulbs.
  • To form a wire matrix are thin uninsulated wires glued to the support surface 2.
  • the horizontal wires 20 are glued to the front of the support surface 2 and are laterally in the Frame 40 and hidden from there to a power connection, not shown guided.
  • the electrical connection for example, by soldering respectively. This can be done without damaging the foil, for example, with very high Power done, because thus the energy almost exclusively in the solder joint is introduced. Also, this can only be loose in the area of the connection of the conductors abut the film and thus have a distance to this during soldering.
  • At least one pole of the light-emitting diode 22 must pierce the carrier surface 2.
  • the prevailing in the hole of the PVC film holding forces to do so used to make an electrical contact only by pressing manufacture As a result, materials can be used in a Contacting for example by welding or soldering damage would.
  • Fig. 2 shows a sketch of the invention in a frame 40 clamped Carrier surface 2 in section, dispense with the representation of the conductors 20, 21 has been.
  • the support surface 2 with the LEDs 22 is inside the frame 40th held.
  • the room or an extra space created for it Frame can also be used for controls, components, circuit boards, etc. Be that by themselves in the immediate vicinity of the light source to be controlled are located, resulting in only short conductor paths to the support surface 2. Thereby, that these components are hidden in the frame, they are invisible and affect not the overall aesthetic picture.
  • components can be used translucent or transparent surfaces, also by - at least for one of front viewers - be hidden because they are perpendicular to the surface of the Show away the frame.
  • this room can also be used for wireless stations Supply the appropriately designed light source 22 serve.
  • a Transmitter can be for example a dipole.
  • On both sides of the support surface 2 more translucent or transparent films 51, 52nd are arranged in corresponding recesses 42 of the frame are anchored.
  • the films 51 and 52 may be in particular tensioning films, the at the edge have a piping, not shown, the anchor-like behind engages a web, also not shown in the recess 42.
  • the whole Arrangement may serve as a prefabricated module for insertion into the frame 40 be formed, which the lighting means, control and connection means for the electrical or data connection holds.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates a further embodiment of the support surface 2 of FIG. 2, wherein in the transparent layers 11a, 11b electrical conductors 20, 21 are embedded, the are isolated by the carrier 10 from each other.
  • the conductors 21 are arranged parallel to each other and perpendicular to the corresponding conductors 20 on the underside of the carrier 10.
  • the ladder form thus a matrix that is punctually by appropriate consumers, here one Subminiature LED (SMD LED) 22a, 22b, are connected.
  • SMD LED Subminiature LED
  • Contacts 23 it is possible, for example, the LED 22a later at the intended location the conductor 21, 20 to connect, for example by piercing the transparent layers and the strand-like formed Ladder. It is of course also possible to connect before the complete Embedding into the transparent layers 11a, respectively Apply a transparent cover layer above the LEDs. Corresponding This results in the completely or partially embedded variants with light emitting diodes 22b and 22c, respectively.
  • the illumination surface 1 according to the invention can also be configured as a 3D object, for example as a cube or curved surface.
  • a special effect is also achieved by a Variety of lighting surfaces 1 arranged in different planes become. This can be done, for example, by having many lighting surfaces 1 are stacked with or without spaces.
  • the individual or groupwise control of the bulbs can be 3D-like Represent objects or motion effects. For example, a Point of light move in three-dimensional space or show its trace become. Lettering, motifs and patterns can be rotated in the room.
  • the described 3D technology is particularly inexpensive, since a variety identical or similar modules can be used.
  • any arrangement of the surfaces in space feasible for example, a rectangular arrangement and / or an arrangement in which the illumination surfaces 1 penetrate, for example with crossing lines.
  • Such a "non-stacked" arrangement requires fewer surfaces and allows limited three-dimensional effects.
  • transparent conductors for example of the materials already mentioned, For example, ITO to apply a transparent support around to it To pass electricity to the consumers.
  • transparent materials are For example, glass rods, glass profiles, nylon ropes, fiberglass etc .. This preserves a substantially transparent conductor, because of its all-around coating with a conductive material a comparatively small Current resistance forms and moreover as invisible respectively inconspicuous support for objects, such as electrical consumers serve can.
  • the conductivity can then be increased if the cross-sectional area of the transparent carrier is increased, for example, by roughening, gearing and the same.
  • the inventive Illuminating surface 1 form, that is, the lighting surface 1 consists only of these conductors and the consumers attached thereto, in particular bulbs. Furthermore, it is proposed to couple light into these conductors, so that a luminous conductor is feasible.
  • the inventive Lighting surface 1 in walls, floors, ceilings and the like are incorporated.
  • they may be embedded in a soil, in be plastered on a wall or attached to a wall and then be flocked.
  • the medium with which the illumination surface 1 according to the invention is covered is transparent or transparent. Then there is no exposure or working out of Illuminant required. If the medium, such as the plaster, on the other hand only is little transparent, the following possibilities arise: After brushing The bulbs, such as LEDs, individually worked out and thus exposed or the bulbs protrude from the surface, so they by peeling off the applied layer of the medium, for example the Plaster, can be exposed.
  • the control of the lighting means depending on the ambient temperature can So for example, yourself capture the temperature and their color accordingly change (for example, the bulbs floating in a liquid) or change their color depending on a central thermosensor. For example, swimming pools, aquariums, basins depending on the Temperature are brought into a corresponding color effect.
  • monitors or comparable information display devices or systems for transmission visual stimuli are suitable because of the described embodiments (flatness, low voltages, water resistance) especially for underwater television. Also, such systems as a guide, information, and entertainment in Fun pools, underwater adventure landscapes, diving parks, waters etc. be used.
  • each of the lighting surfaces 1 itself forms the display or display of a variety of mosaic-like composite lighting surfaces 1 exists, each for represent only a part of the screen content. If the assignment of the Screen section to the individual lighting surfaces 1 variable, For example, only software technology, takes place, there is the possibility of flexible use of the individual elements, so that the screen surface through Adding and switching additional elements is particularly easy to enlarge can. Once a set of elements has been acquired, it can either be a large one Number of small screens, some large screens or a very large one Make a screen.
  • the lighting surface 1 according to the invention is proposed and the effects that can be achieved with conventional advertising or neon signs to combine.
  • Conventional neon signs are for example curved neon lights, backlit signs, etc., also in the usual way and can be animated or moved.
  • Such animations are for example the sequential lighting of different fluorescent tubes, the flashing and the method of a neon sign or an object.
  • a consistent advertising message is particularly inexpensive, that is conventional, can be implemented and only for the invention achievable special lighting effects the illumination surface according to the invention 1 is needed.
  • the relative low-light-emitting diodes which are poor in daylight or sunlight are visible, they are then only at decreasing brightness of Environment switched on.
  • the conventional unfolds during the day Neon sign their effect.
  • the lighting surface 1 according to the invention can be advantageous for the Daylight simulation can be used in rooms.
  • Daylight simulation affects There is a positive impact on human performance, where spaces bad with Daylight is supplied or people are against the natural night / day rhythm behavior (shift work).
  • the illumination surface according to the invention 1 offers advantages here, as they are very simple because of their small depth can be used over a large area. This effect is beneficial since it is human It is used to light falling through large windows into the room. Therefore, will large-scale light felt particularly natural.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Illuminated Signs And Luminous Advertising (AREA)
EP05011493A 2004-05-28 2005-05-27 Surface d'illumination, avec des composants électriques émettant de la lumière Withdrawn EP1600688A1 (fr)

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DE102004026730A DE102004026730A1 (de) 2004-05-28 2004-05-28 Fläche mit elektrischen Verbrauchern, insbesondere Leuchtmitteln
DE102004026730 2004-05-28

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