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EP1675516A1 - Systeme pour le traitement a effraction minimale d'une fracture d'un os, notamment d'une fracture proximale de l'humerus ou du femur - Google Patents

Systeme pour le traitement a effraction minimale d'une fracture d'un os, notamment d'une fracture proximale de l'humerus ou du femur

Info

Publication number
EP1675516A1
EP1675516A1 EP04817195A EP04817195A EP1675516A1 EP 1675516 A1 EP1675516 A1 EP 1675516A1 EP 04817195 A EP04817195 A EP 04817195A EP 04817195 A EP04817195 A EP 04817195A EP 1675516 A1 EP1675516 A1 EP 1675516A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bone
guide element
osteosynthesis plate
fracture
fixation element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP04817195A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Georg Gradl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Intercus GmbH
Original Assignee
Intercus GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Intercus GmbH filed Critical Intercus GmbH
Publication of EP1675516A1 publication Critical patent/EP1675516A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws or setting implements
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/74—Devices for the head or neck or trochanter of the femur
    • A61B17/742—Devices for the head or neck or trochanter of the femur having one or more longitudinal elements oriented along or parallel to the axis of the neck
    • A61B17/746—Devices for the head or neck or trochanter of the femur having one or more longitudinal elements oriented along or parallel to the axis of the neck the longitudinal elements coupled to a plate opposite the femoral head
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/16—Instruments for performing osteoclasis; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
    • A61B17/17—Guides or aligning means for drills, mills, pins or wires
    • A61B17/1739—Guides or aligning means for drills, mills, pins or wires specially adapted for particular parts of the body
    • A61B17/1742—Guides or aligning means for drills, mills, pins or wires specially adapted for particular parts of the body for the hip
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/16—Instruments for performing osteoclasis; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
    • A61B17/17—Guides or aligning means for drills, mills, pins or wires
    • A61B17/1739—Guides or aligning means for drills, mills, pins or wires specially adapted for particular parts of the body
    • A61B17/1778—Guides or aligning means for drills, mills, pins or wires specially adapted for particular parts of the body for the shoulder
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws or setting implements
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/80—Cortical plates, i.e. bone plates; Instruments for holding or positioning cortical plates, or for compressing bones attached to cortical plates
    • A61B17/8052—Cortical plates, i.e. bone plates; Instruments for holding or positioning cortical plates, or for compressing bones attached to cortical plates immobilised relative to screws by interlocking form of the heads and plate holes, e.g. conical or threaded
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws or setting implements
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/80—Cortical plates, i.e. bone plates; Instruments for holding or positioning cortical plates, or for compressing bones attached to cortical plates
    • A61B17/8061—Cortical plates, i.e. bone plates; Instruments for holding or positioning cortical plates, or for compressing bones attached to cortical plates specially adapted for particular bones
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws or setting implements
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/84—Fasteners therefor or fasteners being internal fixation devices
    • A61B17/86—Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor
    • A61B17/8685—Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor comprising multiple separate parts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S606/00—Surgery
    • Y10S606/902—Cortical plate specifically adapted for a particular bone
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S606/00—Surgery
    • Y10S606/902—Cortical plate specifically adapted for a particular bone
    • Y10S606/903—Cranial and facial plate
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S606/00—Surgery
    • Y10S606/902—Cortical plate specifically adapted for a particular bone
    • Y10S606/903—Cranial and facial plate
    • Y10S606/904—Jaw plate
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S606/00—Surgery
    • Y10S606/902—Cortical plate specifically adapted for a particular bone
    • Y10S606/905—Rib or sternum plate
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S606/00—Surgery
    • Y10S606/902—Cortical plate specifically adapted for a particular bone
    • Y10S606/906—Small bone plate

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a system for minimally invasive care of a fracture of a bone, in particular a proximal humeral or Fe fracture.
  • the use of plates and screws is one of the standard procedures for treating upper arm fractures that affect the head end of the humerus (also called the humerus).
  • the plates and screws are inserted in a conventional manner, that is to say not in a minimally invasive manner, over a sufficiently large skin incision, which is about 10 cm long in adults.
  • the muscular membranes and muscles, but also the joint capsule of the shoulder joint must be severed. Fracture healing is satisfactory with this procedure.
  • the large operative access is very stressful for the shoulder. Since the shoulder joint has very little bony guidance and a thick coat of musculature envelops the shoulder, the interventions in the soft tissue of the shoulder required for inserting the plates and screws are usually associated with considerable postoperative movement restrictions.
  • intramedullary bundle nailing has become known as a particularly gentle procedure for the treatment of proximal humeral fractures.
  • thin nails in the medullary canal are made over a small skin incision, just above the elbow, up to the upper end of the humerus and over pushed the fracture site.
  • this procedure is only suitable for a few very simple fracture types. In the case of fractures with several fragments, the nails travel through the open bone areas in the fracture area and interfere in the joint.
  • a system known as a "dynamic hip screw” has become known for the treatment of fractures which affect the hip-side end of the femur (also called the proximal femur fracture). This system is used to connect a bone fragment to the non-fractured part of the bone.
  • the dynamic The hip screw system has a screw that is screwed into the bone fragment after a corresponding drill hole has been drilled in. The screw is dimensioned such that it is received over the entire length of the drill hole.
  • the free end of this screw is secured using a plate
  • the plate has at one end a tubular section arranged at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the plate, which is inserted into the borehole of the bone before the plate is attached to the bone, around the free end of the aforementioned Pick up and fix screw.
  • the dynamic hip screw However, ben system cannot be used in a minimally invasive manner. It is also not suitable for the treatment of humeral fractures.
  • the present invention therefore has the task of specifying a system for minimally invasive care of bone fractures, by means of which high stability can be achieved in the area of the fracture and at the same time soft tissue is only damaged to a small extent.
  • a system for minimally invasive treatment of a fracture of a bone comprising an osteosynthesis plate, which has a support section which can be positioned with a support surface on the bone adjacent to the fracture, and an attachment section Fixing the osteosynthesis plate to the bone has a fixing element for fixing in a fragment of the bone loosened by the fracture, and a guide element which can be fixed to the osteosynthesis plate via a first connecting section and which has a second connecting section for guiding the fixing element, the Support section of the osteosynthesis plate has at least a first recess and the fixation element and the guide element can be inserted into the bone through the first recess.
  • This design makes it possible to minimally invasively stabilize fractures, in particular subcapital humerus and fire fractures, with an osteosynthesis plate and to hold the bone fragments in position relative to one another.
  • the osteosynthesis plate according to the invention can be inserted through a small incision, which is made in the subcapital humeral fracture below the humerus, to the bone and then pushed up along the bone, scraping the muscles, until the support section is adjacent to the fracture to be stabilized comes to lie.
  • the fixation element can be inserted into the bone through the first recess through a further small skin incision and after a borehole has been drilled in the bone and fixed in the bone fragment detached by the fracture ,
  • the guide element which is likewise inserted through the first recess, is connected via its first connecting section to the osteosynthesis plate and via its second connecting section to the fixation element, as a result of which it is guided in a manner that stabilizes the fracture.
  • the first recess in the support section and the guide element are designed such that a longitudinal axis of the guide element and a surface extending tangentially to the side of the osteosynthesis plate facing the bone form an angle between 50 ° and 70 °, include in particular between 55 ° and 65 °.
  • An osteosynthesis plate designed in this way is particularly suitable for proximal humeral fractures.
  • Handling is simplified in that alignment means are provided, by means of which the rotational position of the guide element relative to the osteosynthesis plate can be set and / or controlled. This is particularly advantageous if an additional bone splinter fixation element is to be connected to the guide element, as will be explained in more detail below.
  • the fastening means comprise a groove formed in the first recess of the support section and a corresponding nose formed on the guide element which can be inserted into the groove.
  • a stop for abutment against the nose is provided in the groove, which limits a rotational movement of the guide element.
  • the fastening means can comprise an external thread formed on the first connecting section of the guide element and an internal thread which can be brought into engagement and formed in the first recess.
  • the fixation element can also be referred to as a sliding fixation element or, in the case of a design of the fixation element, as a screw as a sliding screw.
  • the shaft of the fixation element has driver surfaces, by means of which the fixation element is held in the receptacle in a rotationally fixed manner.
  • this enables the fixation element to be screwed into the bone fragment using a tool, and under certain circumstances also using the guide element. At the same time, this ensures that the guide element and fixation element are secured against rotation.
  • the shaft of the fixation element can also be held rotatably in the receptacle.
  • a bone splinter fixing element is provided, which can be fixed in or on the guide element, in particular in a transverse bore provided therein.
  • This design is particularly advantageous if, as is often the case, the fracture has resulted in three or even more bone fragments. Using the bone splinter fixation element, a further fragment of the bone can then be held on the osteosynthesis plate and the bone healing can thus be accelerated.
  • the transverse bore is arranged in the guide element such that a longitudinal axis of the elongated bone splinter fixing element and a longitudinal axis of the guide element enclose an angle between 60 ° and 100 °, in particular between 70 ° and 90 °.
  • the system according to the invention is particularly suitable for humerus fractures in which the tubercle majus fragment has been separated.
  • This fragmented fragment can not only be held by the bone splinter fixation element, but pressure can also be exerted in the desired direction, which is advantageous for rapid bone formation.
  • Bone splinter fixation element is designed as a screw which has a pressure body having claws.
  • a further improvement is achieved in that means are provided to prevent rotation of the detached bone fragment.
  • an anti-rotation screw having a head is preferably provided, which can be inserted into the detached bone fragment through at least one second recess in the support section.
  • the fixation of the anti-rotation screw on the osteosynthesis plate is improved in that the second recess has an internal thread and the anti-rotation screw on its head has a corresponding external thread.
  • the system For the minimally invasive introduction of the system according to the invention, it has a target bracket which can be detachably connected to the osteosynthesis plate.
  • This aiming arm enables the osteosynthesis plate to be brought into the desired position in a minimally invasive manner, to be attached to the bone, and the fixation element, the guide element, the anti-rotation screw and the bone splinter fixation element to be inserted into the bone.
  • the drilling of the bones and the assembly of the individual elements are made easier by the fact that the aiming arm has target bores which are aligned with the recesses in the osteosynthesis plate.
  • the guide element is fastened directly in the corticalis by screwing in according to the invention.
  • the fixation element slidably mounted in or on the guide element is fastened here, as already described, in the broken fracture part of the bone.
  • at least one anti-rotation screw can be driven into the corticalis in the supporting section of the bone so that it extends into the soft part of the fragment of the bone loosened by the fracture.
  • at least one bone splinter fixation element can be fastened in or on the guide element.
  • the first connecting section is preferably shaped at the end in such a way that a target bracket for the direction of drilling of the bone splitter fixing element can be attached to it in such a way that it is problem-free after drilling Attachment of the bone can be done in or on the guide element.
  • guide elements can also be used, in or on which a plurality of bone splinter fixation elements can be attached.
  • the drilling direction for the anti-rotation screws when using an osteosynthesis plate can also be determined using known drilling templates.
  • the connecting section between the fixation element and the guide element is designed in such a way that problem-free sliding among one another is possible, but decoupling by a limit stop, such as a snap ring, a pin, a flange or the like on the connecting section of the guide element or shaft of the fixation element of both parts is prevented because it engages in a circumferential groove.
  • a limit stop such as a snap ring, a pin, a flange or the like
  • Another advantage here is that the axial displacement when sliding, e.g. can be limited to a predetermined value by the width of the groove. It has been shown that an axial displacement of up to 10 mm is generally sufficient for a fracture.
  • the shaft of the fixation element is mounted in a receptacle of the guide element in a sliding, tilt-stable and axially displaceable manner.
  • the shaft of the fixation element is designed such that it engages around the second connecting section of the guide element from the outside.
  • it is slidable, tilt-resistant and axially displaceable. Limitation is also possible. It is particularly advantageous if the slidingly mounted connection is designed in such a way that the fixation element can rotate about the axis.
  • a fixation recess is arranged centrally for receiving a turning tool at the end of the shaft of the fixation element.
  • This fixation recess can have the shape of an internal thread for receiving a screw or another shape for receiving a non-positive connection element, so that a forced rotation of the fixation element for screwing into the fracture part of the bone is possible.
  • a continuous turning tool bore for receiving the turning tool is arranged axially in the guide element.
  • FIG. 1 shows a side view, partly in section, of the system according to the invention for minimally invasive treatment of a fracture of a bone
  • 2a shows a plan view of the osteosynthesis plate according to the invention
  • 2b shows a cross section through the osteosynthesis plate shown in FIG. 2a transversely to its longitudinal direction
  • 3 shows a sectional illustration of a system according to the invention in its installed position
  • 4 shows a section through the system according to the invention along the line AA in FIG. 3
  • 5 shows a section through an inventive system approximately along the line BB in FIG. 3, but in a slightly modified embodiment
  • 6 shows a sectional illustration along the line AA through an alternative embodiment
  • 7 shows a sectional illustration of a system according to the invention in its installation position without an osteosynthesis plate
  • Fig. 8 is a sectional view of the connecting section with the inner shaft of the fixation element.
  • Fig. 9 is a sectional view of the connecting section with the outer shaft of the fixation element
  • a system for minimally invasive treatment of a fracture of a bone is shown in the figures.
  • the system according to the invention is basically suitable for the treatment of different bone fractures. However, it is particularly suitable for proximal humerus or femur fractures, i.e. for those bone fractures that affect the end of the upper arm or thigh bone close to the body.
  • proximal humerus or femur fractures i.e. for those bone fractures that affect the end of the upper arm or thigh bone close to the body.
  • the figures and the following description explain the invention by way of example with reference to the th system for the treatment of a proximal humeral fracture without restricting the invention thereto.
  • the system designed as a kit contains an osteosynthesis plate 1, a fixation element 2 for fixation in a fragment of the bone 3 loosened by the fracture, and a guide element 4 for the fixation element 2.
  • the elongate rigid osteosynthesis plate 1 has a fastening section 5, via which the osteosynthesis plate 1 can be fastened to the intact shaft of the bone 3.
  • three through openings 6, 7, 8 arranged in a line are arranged in the approximately rectangular fastening section 5. These make it possible to introduce means for fastening the osteosynthesis plate 1 into the bone 3.
  • the through openings 6 and 8 are circular, while the through opening 7 is an elongated hole extending along the longitudinal axis of the osteosynthesis plate.
  • three cortical screws are provided as means for fastening the osteosynthesis plate.
  • the cortical screw 10 designed for the through hole 7 designed as an elongated hole has a rounded screw head, also referred to as a spherical head.
  • the cortical screws 9 and 10 have a cylindrical screw head, which is provided with an external thread.
  • An internal thread corresponding to the external thread of the heads of the cortical screws 9 and 11 is provided in the through openings 6 and 8 of the osteosynthesis plate 1, into which the heads of the cortical screws 9 and 11 can be screwed in to a rash.
  • the cortical screws 9 and 11 are held firmly and firmly on the osteosynthesis plate in every direction.
  • the cortical screws 9 and 11 all have a thread on their shaft which is suitable for screwing into the corresponding holes provided in the bone 3.
  • the osteosynthesis plate 1 has a support section 12, which in the embodiment shown is somewhat wider than the fastening section 5. In a different way, both sections can in particular also be of identical width. For which the insertion of the osteosynthesis plate 1 under a muscle is facilitated in that the free end of the support section 12 has a sliding area with a reduction in thickness and is designed to run flat towards the bone (not shown).
  • the support section 12 also has an approximately rectangular basic shape. It has (four) bores 13, each of which extends from the front side shown in FIG. 2a to the side of the osteosynthesis plate 1 facing the bone.
  • the holes 13 make it possible to temporarily fix the fracture in order to subsequently insert the fixation element 2 into the fragment of the bone 3 separated by the fracture. This can be done, for example, by so-called Kirschner wires, which are introduced into the bone 3 through the bores 13.
  • additional screws (not shown) can be inserted through the bores 13 into the bone 3 to stabilize the fracture.
  • the holes 12 have an internal thread into which the screws can be screwed in at an angle-stable manner via an external thread provided on their head.
  • the support section 13 has (three) obliquely arranged through holes 38, each of which extends from the front side shown in FIG. 2a into the side surface 14. This can be seen in FIG. 2b, which shows a cross section through the support section 12 in the region of the lower two through holes 38.
  • the through holes 38 can be used to fix fragments of fragments (in particular the tubercle majus fragment) with threads.
  • FIG. 2b also shows that the underside of the osteosynthesis plate 1 is concavely curved in a direction transverse to its longitudinal axis, as a result of which the contact with the bone 3 is improved.
  • the support section 12 of the osteosynthesis plate 1 has a slightly convex shape in the direction of its longitudinal axis. This improves contact with the enlarged head of the bone 3.
  • a first recess 15 is provided in the support section 12 and extends through the osteosynthesis plate 1.
  • the first recess 15 and the fixation element 2 and the guide element 4 described in more detail below are dimensioned such that the fixation element 2 and the guide element 4 pass through the first recess 15, starting from the position shown in FIG. a borehole to be drilled beforehand therein and brought into the position shown in FIG can. Accordingly, the outer diameter of the fixation element 2 and the guide element 4 is somewhat smaller than the inner diameter of the first recess 15.
  • the first recess 15 in the support section 12 and the guide element 4 are designed such that a longitudinal axis of the guide element 4 and an imaginary tangent to the Bone 3 facing side of the osteosynthesis plate enclose an angle of 50 ° to 70 °, in particular 55 ° to 65 °.
  • the free end of the guide element 4 points away from the fastening section 5. This angular arrangement is achieved in that the first recess 15 extends obliquely through the support section 12.
  • the fixation element 2 is designed as a screw and has at its front end 16 a self-tapping thread suitable for screwing into the bone 3.
  • a shaft 18 is formed, via which it can be connected to the guide element 4.
  • the shaft 18 is hollow.
  • the guide element 4 takes over the guidance of the fixation element 2.
  • the guide element 4 has a first connecting section 19, via which it can be fixed to the osteosynthesis plate 1.
  • a receptacle 21 for the shaft 18 of the fixation element 2 is provided in the second connecting section 20 formed on the opposite free end of the guide element 4.
  • the shaft 18 and the receptacle 21 are designed such that the fixation element 2 is received in the guide element 4 in a tilt-stable and axially displaceable manner is. Due to the displaceability of the fixation element 2, any displacements in the area of the fracture that occur during the healing process can be smoothly compensated for. Accordingly, the fixation element 2 designed as a screw can also be referred to as a sliding screw in the illustrated embodiment.
  • the fixation element 2 In the direction of rotation, the fixation element 2 is held firmly in the receptacle 21 in the embodiment shown.
  • corresponding driver surfaces 22 are formed on the shaft 18 and in the receptacle 21, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • the design enables the fixation element 2 to be screwed into the bone 3 while rotating the guide element 4.
  • a rotation lock is produced in this way, which prevents relative rotation between fixation element 2 and guide element 4.
  • two parallel, opposing driver surfaces 22 are provided on the outside of the otherwise cylindrical shaft 18.
  • another non-circular corresponding cross-sectional shape of the shaft 18 and the receptacle 21, for example a square or hexagon, can also be used.
  • FIG 6 which shows a sectional view as in Figure 4, the section through the shaft 18 and the receptacle 21 of an alternative embodiment is shown.
  • the fixation element 2 and the guide element 4 are not rotationally fixed to one another. This is achieved by a circular cross section of shaft 18 and receptacle 21, which have no driver surfaces exhibit. This design enables the guide element 4 to be screwed onto the fixation element 2 intraoperatively, which can facilitate assembly.
  • the guide element 4 which has a smooth cylindrical outer shape, is continuous and can therefore also be referred to as a sliding sleeve.
  • the outer diameter of the guide element 4 and the first recess 15 in the osteosynthesis plate 1 is dimensioned such that the guide element 4 in the osteosynthesis plate 1 is held in a tilt-stable and precisely fitting manner.
  • the system can be adapted to different sized bones by different lengths of the guide element 4.
  • fasteners 23 are provided which hold the guide element 4 axially fixed in both directions.
  • the fastening means 23 are formed by the projection in the form of a nose 24 of the guide element 4, which protrudes laterally on the guide element 4 and can be brought into engagement with a groove 25 in the osteosynthesis plate 1.
  • the groove 25 extends transversely, in particular perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the guide element 4 and is arranged in the region of the first diminution 15. Figure 5 illustrates this. According to FIG. 3, the groove 25 extends up to the top of the osteosynthesis plate 1. As a result, the nose 24 can easily be inserted into the groove 25.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates this.
  • the groove 25 can have an enlarged, outwardly open section 26, via which the nose 24 can be inserted into the groove 25.
  • means 27 are further provided to prevent rotation of the bone fragment detached by the fracture.
  • these comprise an anti-rotation screw 28 having a head, which can be inserted into the detached bone fragment through at least one second recess 29 formed in the support section 12 of the osteosynthesis plate 1.
  • the second recess 29 is arranged in such a way that the anti-rotation screw 28 extends parallel to the longitudinal axis of the guide element 4, specifically on the side of the first recess 15 facing the fastening section 5.
  • the anti-rotation screw 28 and the guide element 4 can also be arranged at an angle to one another (in particular 10 ° to 45 °), which under certain circumstances enables even better fracture stabilization.
  • the anti-rotation screw 28 has an enlarged head 30 with an external thread, which can be screwed into a corresponding internal thread provided in the second recess 29 up to a stop.
  • the anti-rotation screw 28 is designed as a shaft screw, which is not provided over the entire length of the screw shaft, but only at the end opposite the head 30, with a thread suitable for screwing into the bone 3.
  • Embodiments are not shown in which a plurality of anti-rotation screws are arranged and used in the fastening section.
  • the system according to the invention also provides a bone splinter fixation element 31.
  • this does not necessarily have to be used. It is particularly advantageous if the fracture has resulted in three or more bone fragments.
  • the tuberculum majus fragment can be securely fixed by the bone splinter fixation element 31. This takes place in that the bone splinter fixation element 31, which is designed as a screw in the embodiment shown, is introduced into and held by a transverse bore 32 formed in the guide element 4.
  • the bone splinter fixing element 31 has an elongated shaft which is provided at its lower end with a thread which can be screwed into an internal thread provided in the transverse bore 32.
  • the transverse bore 32 and thus the longitudinal axis of the bone splinter fixation screw 31 on the one hand and the longitudinal axis of the guide element 4 on the other hand enclose an angle between 60 ° and 100 °, in particular between 70 ° and 90 °.
  • the longitudinal axis of the bone splinter fixation screw 31 is inclined away from the osteosynthesis plate 1 when the angle W is less than 90 ° and towards the osteosynthesis plate 1 when the angle W is more than 90 °.
  • the bone splinter fixation element 31 is designed as a claw screw which, under its expanded screw head, has a pressure body 33 having a plurality of claws.
  • Alignment means are used for this, by means of which the rotational position of the guide element 4 relative to the osteosynthesis plate 1 can be set and / or controlled.
  • the correct positioning of the guide element 4 is ensured by providing a stop 34 in the groove 25 for abutment against the nose 24, which limits the rotational movement of the guide element 4.
  • the guide element 4 can be correctly and precisely aligned.
  • FIG. 1 also shows a aiming arm 35, which makes it possible to position the system according to the invention in a minimally invasive manner and to fasten it to the bone.
  • the aiming arm 35 is connected to the osteosynthesis plate 1 without play, but releasably, via a clamping cut 36.
  • a dovetail guide can be provided between the aiming arm 35 and the osteosynthesis plate 1.
  • the aiming arm 35 makes it possible to provide the necessary drill holes in the bone 3 and then to mount the further elements of the system according to the invention on the bone 3.
  • the aiming arm 35 is particularly important in the case of minimally invasive restoration, since the remaining system components cannot be assembled under direct visual control.
  • Target holes 37 are provided in the aiming arm 35, which are aligned with the recesses in the osteosynthesis plate. These holes 37 are used in a known manner to guide drills in order to be able to drill 3 holes in the bone. Likewise, the various elements of the system according to the invention can be brought to their intended position in a minimally invasive manner with the aid of the guide.
  • FIG. 7 the system is shown in the installed state as in FIG. 3, the osteosynthesis plate being dispensed with due to the sufficient strength of the corticalis.
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 show a section of the connecting section between the guide element 4 and the fixing element 2.
  • the shaft 18 is located in the second connecting section 20 in such a way that an axial and tilt-proof sliding movement is possible.
  • the arranged limit stop 39 here in the form of a pin, which engages in a circumferential groove, prevents the shaft 18 from slipping out of the second connecting section 20 unintentionally.
  • the shaft 18 of the fixation element is arranged in FIG. 9 in such a way that it surrounds the second connecting section 20 in an axially displaceable and tilt-stable manner on the outside.
  • a limit stop 39 is arranged.
  • the axial mobility can thus be set to a predetermined length.
  • fixation recess 41 is arranged centrally at the rear end of the fixation element 17.
  • it is an internal thread into which a turning tool, not shown, which is Tool bore 40 of the guide element 4 can be guided, is screwed in and thus generates a non-positive connection.
  • the aiming arm 35 is made of wood or plastic to allow fluoroscopy.
  • a drill guided in a known manner through the target bores 37 in the aiming arm 35 is driven through the through openings 6, 7 and 8 into the shaft of the bone 3, and the corresponding cortical screws 9, 10, 11 are inserted into the bone.
  • the cortical screw 10 having the ball head is first mounted.
  • the as long Hole-shaped through opening 7 then allows the exact position of the osteosynthesis plate 1 to be corrected relative to the bone 3 before the position of the osteosynthesis plate 1 is finally fixed by inserting the cortical screws 9 and 11 into the through openings 6 and 8.
  • the fracture can then be temporarily fixed by inserting 13 Kischner wires through the holes into the part of the bone 3 affected by the fracture.
  • This provisional fixation is important in order to be able to drill holes in the bone 3 in the next step through the first and second recesses 15, 29 which extend into the head fragment detached by the fracture.
  • the guidance through the target bores 37 formed in the aiming arm 35 is used, which are aligned with the corresponding recesses 15, 29 or through openings 6, 7, 8 of the osteosynthesis plate 1.
  • the fixation element 2 with its self-tapping thread is screwed into the head fragment loosened by the break and thereby fixed.
  • the screwing in can be carried out with the help of a suitable tool, possibly also using the
  • Guide element 4 happen, which is connected with its second connecting portion 20 to the fixation element 2. In any case, the guide element 4 is pushed through the first recess 15 with a suitable tool and positioned so that it is in the bone
  • the anti-rotation screw 28 is inserted using the aiming arm 35 in order to fix the head fragment.
  • the risk of undesirable fracture movements during the operation is reduced if the anti-rotation screw 28 having a smaller diameter is inserted in front of the fixation element 2 having a larger diameter.
  • a further drill hole is made through this fragment from above at an angle (based on the position of the bone shown in FIG. 3) into the bone 3 using the aiming arm 35 to fix the tubercle majus fragment. This takes place before the insertion of the guide element 4 into the bone 3.
  • the bone splinter fixation element 31 is inserted into the Cross bore 32 screwed in and the tubercle majus fragment fixed in this way.
  • the Kirschner wires for temporary fixation are then removed and, if necessary, replaced by screws which extend through the bores 13 and are screwed with their heads into the internal thread formed in the bores 13. Finally, the aiming arm on the clamping section 36 is detached from the osteosynthesis plate 1 and removed therefrom.
  • the osteosynthesis plate 1, the fixation element 2, the guide element 4, the anti-rotation screw 28, the bone splinter fixation element 31 and the cortical screws 9, 10, 11 remain in the body as an implant until the fracture has healed completely.
  • the guide element 4 can also be fastened with the fixation element 2 directly in the corticalis of the bone 3.
  • at least one anti-rotation screw 28 can also be inserted directly in the fastening section.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Neurology (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système pour le traitement à effraction minimale d'une fracture d'un os (3), notamment d'une fracture proximale de l'humérus ou du fémur. Le système selon l'invention comprend une plaque d'ostéosynthèse (1) qui présente un segment de soutien (12) dans la substance corticale et un segment de fixation supplémentaire (5) sur l'os (3). Un deuxième segment de liaison (20) de l'élément de guidage (4) et la tige (18) de l'élément de fixation (2) sont réalisés sous forme de palier lisse déplaçable axialement sans possibilité de basculement. Le système comprend au moins une vis antirotation (28) placée dans le segment de soutien (12) et servant de moyen pour empêcher une rotation du fragment osseux détaché.
EP04817195A 2003-10-18 2004-10-15 Systeme pour le traitement a effraction minimale d'une fracture d'un os, notamment d'une fracture proximale de l'humerus ou du femur Withdrawn EP1675516A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10348932A DE10348932B4 (de) 2003-10-18 2003-10-18 System zur minimalinvasiven Versorgung einer proximalen Humerus- oder Femurfraktur
PCT/DE2004/002312 WO2005037117A1 (fr) 2003-10-18 2004-10-15 Systeme pour le traitement a effraction minimale d'une fracture d'un os, notamment d'une fracture proximale de l'humerus ou du femur

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1675516A1 true EP1675516A1 (fr) 2006-07-05

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EP04817195A Withdrawn EP1675516A1 (fr) 2003-10-18 2004-10-15 Systeme pour le traitement a effraction minimale d'une fracture d'un os, notamment d'une fracture proximale de l'humerus ou du femur

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US7927333B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1675516A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE10348932B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005037117A1 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2005037117A1 (fr) 2005-04-28
US20070225714A1 (en) 2007-09-27
WO2005037117B1 (fr) 2005-06-30
DE10348932A1 (de) 2005-05-25
DE10348932B4 (de) 2006-01-19
US7927333B2 (en) 2011-04-19

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