EP1672161B1 - Joint sealing and method of producing the same - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a joint seal for sealing a component joint, which comprises an insulating material in an inner joint region and a sealing material in at least one end-side joint edge region. Such a constructed joint seal is often used in the construction sector, for example for sealing cracks in a building, for connecting prefabricated components to each other or for connecting components to a building. The invention relates in particular to the connection of door or window frames and shutter boxes on door or window openings of the building.

In recent years, as part of improved climate and environmental protection, the requirements for heat and sound insulation in buildings have become increasingly large. When connecting windows and doors, a substantial separation of indoor and outdoor climate is required. The corresponding regulations for thermal protection are set out, for example, in the standard DIN V 4108. Guidelines for the professional installation of windows can also be found in the "Guidelines for Installation" of the RAL Quality Assurance Association, Frankfurt am Main, 2000.

A generic joint seal is for example from the DE 197 25 705 A1 known. Thereafter, the frame of a window frame is first connected with mounting foam to the building. To the outside is then a watertight completion of the component joints by a seal with an unspecified elastic material, which is applied to the outside of the mounting foam. Similar to the above joint seal is from the FR 2 045 283 A5 known joint seal, wherein the building connection via an inner insulating layer, for example, of a synthetic Cellulosic material is made, and on the inner layer on both sides bounding air- and waterproof outer layer takes place. Finally, out of the GB 2 110 282 A a joint seal is known in which the joint between a pivot door and a vehicle body is sealed to both outer sides with a permanently elastic adhesive, wherein in the middle of the joint seal a filler strip, which consists for example of a foamed material may be provided.

In assessing whether and to what extent a window in the building sufficiently withstand the environmental influences, often finds the so-called plane model application. This should be based on Fig. 5 be explained in more detail.

Shown is highly schematic a cross section along the line AA in Fig. 6 which in turn shows a plan view of a window mounted in a building opening. Is shown in Fig. 5 only the lower connection area, while the upper area above the window frame 2, which encloses a glass pane 1, is no longer reproduced. The connection to the building 5 via the frame 3, which is fitted into the window opening in the building 5. The outside is in Fig. 5 left, where the outer window sill 4 is arranged, the interior side according to the right in the figure.

The room-side area of the window and the surrounding structure is called the level model with level ① and is responsible for the separation of indoor and outdoor climate. Level ③ denotes the outside area of the window and the surrounding structure and provides the weather protection. Between both levels lies the so-called functional area, which has to provide above all for the heat and the sound protection and here with ② is designated.

Level ① must be constructed in such a way that it is airtight over the entire area of the room, in order to prevent moisture from penetrating into the interior of the structure from the room side and condensing out there. For level ③, on the other hand, it is only necessary to largely prevent the entry of rainwater from outside into the structure. If necessary, moisture that has penetrated must be able to diffuse outward again. It follows that the overall system of window, joint seal and surrounding structure must be constructed so that it is denser inside than outside.

Of crucial importance for the realization of this requirement is the connection joint and its sealing. For RAL installation, ie window installation in accordance with the "Guidelines for installation" of the RAL Quality Assurance Association and the relevant regulations in accordance with DIN V 4108, EN 12207, EN 12208, etc., a multi-part structure for the connection joint has prevailed. All systems have in common that first the middle (inner) area of the connecting joint is filled with an insulating material. The insulation material is usually encircling around the entire joint. Conventional insulating materials are mineral wool, natural insulating materials such as natural fibers or cork, filling tapes or local foam. With the insulation materials of the prior art, in general, neither a seal against moisture nor an air-tight connection is achieved. For this sealing, sealing materials in the Fußenßenbereichen are rather present both on the room and on the outside of the insulating material. For the separation of indoor and outdoor climate in level ①, the sealing material is applied circumferentially over the entire length of the joint. In contrast, this is generally not the case on the outside (level ③). Here is a not filled with sealing material area (for example, below an outer window sill 4, which protects the connection joint before the occurrence of driving rain) allow the diffusion of moisture out of the joint out to the outside.

As sealing materials, various systems are known in the art. These are mainly structural waterproofing membranes, impregnated foam plastic strips and sealants. Construction waterproofing membranes are plastic films, usually in the outer area and used only for sealing window sills or roller shutters. These sealing materials will not be discussed here.

Impregnated foam plastic tapes are impregnated foam sealing tapes that are commercially available in pre-compressed condition. After installation in the window joint, the precompressed strips expand and thus seal the joint.

Sealants are permanently elastic plastics, which are usually injected into the joint and harden there.

The connecting joint between the window and the building is a movement joint that works. Accordingly, the sealant must be chosen so that it has a sufficient ability to absorb movement in order to be able to follow the expansions and compressions it is subjected to during movements of the component joint without being torn and leaking. In order to prevent the sealant from becoming so-called three-sided adhesion, in the prior art a backfill material is inserted between the insulating material and the sealant. In this way, in the prior art, the tearing or tearing of the sealant due to the three-dimensional adhesion should be prevented. The backfilling material is generally a round cord made of polyethylene, which is inserted into the component joint adjacent to the insulating material. Subsequently, the sealant is injected onto the backfill material in the component joint and smoothed to obtain a uniform and even surface.

The construction of joint gaskets, as they are used in particular in the connection of windows and doors in the prior art, is shown schematically in FIG FIGS. 7 and 8 shown. Shown is in each case the joint area between the window reveal 5 and the window frame 3 in the region of the section along the line CC in Fig. 6 , In the case of Fig. 7 the joint seal 6 consists of a arranged in the interior of the joint insulation material 7, which is neither airtight or rain-proof. It may be, for example, a predominantly open-cell polyurethane foam, which has only a small practical movement recording and therefore movements of the component joint between the frame 3 and 5 reveal only badly can follow. Both to the interior side (level ①) and the weather side (level ③) is followed by the insulation material in each case a round cord 8 made of polyethylene. This serves as a backfill material in order to prevent a three-dimensional adhesion of the sealant 9, which is injected into the frontal edge regions of the component joint. The sealant is usually made of silicone or polyacrylate. In order to meet the requirement "inside denser than outside", a sealant 9 is used on the interior side ①, which has a higher water vapor diffusion resistance than the sealant on the outside ③.

Fig. 8 shows a construction of a joint seal 6 of the prior art, with respect to the weather-side seal (level ③) of that according to Fig. 7 different. Instead of backfill material 8 and sealant 9 is in Fig. 8 an impregnated foam plastic tape 10 is present. In this way, the number of components in the joint seal 6 over those in Fig. 7 be reduced. However, precompressed sealing tapes have the disadvantage that they lead to a sufficient tightness only in a certain compression range. They are therefore manufactured by the manufacturer specifically for certain joint widths, so that for different joint widths and different pre-compressed sealing strips must be kept. A further disadvantage is that precompressed sealing strips need smooth counter surfaces and, essentially over the entire joint length, constant joint widths so that a sufficient sealing effect can be achieved. This generally requires cleaned, plastered joints of uniform joint width over the joint length.

Similar problems as in the case of precompressed sealing tapes also occur in the polyethylene round cords used as backfilling material. They can not be used for any joint width, but are each only used for certain Fugenbreitebereiche. Another disadvantage is the complicated structure of the joint seal of three different components, which makes the production of the jointing complex and time consuming.

There was therefore a need for a joint seal, in particular for the connection of windows and doors in a building that does not have the above disadvantages. The joint seal should consist of as few components as possible, be easy and quick to produce and universally applicable to a variety of joint widths. However, it should nevertheless comply with the relevant standards and in particular with the Directives set out in the RAL Quality Assurance Guideline of 2000. The object of the invention is accordingly to provide such a joint seal and a method for their preparation.

The solution of this problem is achieved with the joint seal according to claim 1 and the method according to claim 15. Preferred developments and variants of the method can be found in the respective subclaims.

In its first aspect, the invention relates to a joint seal for sealing a component joint, which comprises an insulating material in an inner joint region and a sealing material in at least one end-side joint edge region. According to the invention, the insulating material consists of a one-component, moisture-crosslinked, elastic polymer foam. Immediately adjacent to the insulating material is the sealing material, which consists of a sealant, the one-component, moisture crosslinked and sprayable before curing. It has an elasticity which is substantially equal to or higher than that of the insulating material.

In contrast to the joint seals of the prior art, which use a sprayable sealant, no backfill material between the insulating material and sealant is present in the joint seal according to the invention. In the prior art, the backfill material - usually a polyethylene round cord - served to prevent three-way adhesion of the sealant in the joint. In the invention, however, the formation of cracks in the sealing material due to movements of the component joint by targeted selection of the properties of the sealant itself is prevented. As an insulating material according to the invention, an elastic polymer foam is used, which absorbs movements in the component joint and follows them due to its elasticity. Since the sealant according to the invention is arranged directly adjacent to the insulating material, these movements are also transferred to the sealant. According to the invention, however, the sealant has an elasticity which at least corresponds to that of the insulating material and is preferably greater than this. As a result, the sealant can follow the movements of the insulating material and those of the component joint, without causing cracks in the sealant itself or for tearing off the joint walls or the insulating material. The presence of a backfill material to prevent cracking is therefore no longer required. In this way, the structure of the joint seal over the prior art can be significantly simplified.

Another advantage in the production of the joint seal according to the invention is that the sealant, before it is cured, is sprayable. Furthermore, it is one-component and moisture-curing. For its application, it is therefore only necessary to inject it with a suitable applicator, such as a spray gun, on the insulating material. This type of application is not only quick and easy, but also has the advantage that it is practical for a variety of joint widths. Unlike pre-compressed sealing strips, there is no need for a joint width that is even over the joint length, nor must the joint be treated and smoothed beforehand.

Preferably, the insulating material is injected into the joint, so that in the simplest variant of the joint seal according to the invention only two application processes are necessary to obtain a joint seal that corresponds for example to the provisions of DIN V 4108 and the guidelines of the RAL quality community. Compared to the previously known joint seals this represents a considerable simplification and cost savings.

As insulating material per se known one-component, moisture-crosslinked, elastic polymer foams can be used. In principle, all elastic local foams that have hitherto been used for sealing window and door joints are suitable. Particularly suitable are polyurethane foams, although the invention is not limited to such, but other polymer foams such as those based on silicone or acrylate are also conceivable. Most of the polymer foams hitherto used as locating foams have a low air-tightness and water-tightness. For this reason, their use is less preferred because they must be sealed with sealing material to comply with the standards DIN V 4108, EN 12207 and EN 12208 and to comply with the RAL installation guidelines on both joint faces. The joint seal then has the structure of sealing material - insulation material - sealant.

A particularly simple construction of the joint seal according to the invention, however, is possible if the insulating material itself has a high watertightness and airtightness. For this reason, a polymer foam is preferably used, which is airtight in the test of air permeability according to the standards EN 1026 and EN 12207 up to a pressure of at least 300 Pa. Particularly preferred is airtightness up to 600 Pa. Additionally or alternatively, the polymer foam preferably has a watertightness that ensures that up to a test pressure of at least 300 Pa and preferably up to 600 Pa according to standards EN 1027 and EN 12208 no water entry takes place.

In order to achieve these properties, preference is given to using a predominantly closed-cell soft cell foam. By "predominantly closed-cell" it is meant that the proportion of closed cells (ASTM D-2856) is at least 50%. Preference is given to a closed-cell content of at least 70%, more preferably of at least 80% and in particular of at least 90%.

While most known location foams, as mentioned, have a relatively low elasticity, according to the invention preferably those polymer foams are used which have a large practical movement absorption. Particularly suitable are those polymer foams which after curing have an elongation at break (DIN 53430) of at least 15%. Particularly suitable are polymer foams having an elongation at break between 20 and 40%.

In addition to or as an alternative to the properties mentioned, the polymer foam expediently has a thermal conductivity according to DIN 52612 of not more than 0.1 W / mK with regard to sufficient thermal insulation. Values of at most 0.05 W / mK are particularly preferred here.

A preferred polymer foam is a soft cell polyurethane foam based on MDI (2,4- and / or 4,4-diphenyl diisocyanate) and polyether polyol / polyester polyol. A polyurethane foam is preferred in which, in addition to a mixture of predominantly long-chain polyether polyol and short-chain polyether polyol, smaller amounts of a mixture of aliphatic and aromatic polyester polyol are also present in the polyol component. By "long-chain" is meant in particular a number of at least 8 carbon atoms, under "short-chain" corresponding to less than 8 carbon atoms.

• eine Bruchdehnung von mindestens 200 % und bevorzugt mindestens 250 %
• eine Reißdehnung nach DIN 53430 von mindestens 15 %, bevorzugt zwischen 20 und 40 %.

As already mentioned, the sealant used in the joint seal according to the invention is adapted in terms of its elasticity to the insulating material used. Accordingly, those sealants are preferred which have a Shore A hardness according to DIN 5305 in the range of 10 to 60 in the cured state. Particularly suitable are those having a Shore A hardness of from 10 to 40 and suitably from 15 to 35. Alternatively or in addition to the abovementioned Shore A hardness, the sealant has at least one of the following properties:

• an elongation at break of at least 200% and preferably at least 250%
• an elongation at break according to DIN 53430 of at least 15%, preferably between 20 and 40%.

With regard to their chemical composition can be used in principle all one-component, moisture-crosslinked and sprayable before curing sealants that are compatible with the insulating material used and with the materials to be grouted. For environmental reasons, the sealants used are substantially as possible and preferably completely free of organic solvents. These are to be understood in particular as those volatile organic compounds which have a vapor pressure of at least 0.1 hPa at 20 ° C and a boiling point of at most 260 ° C at 1013.25 hPa. In particular, no halogenated solvents and blowing agents are present in particular. "Substantially free" denotes a maximum solvent content in the sprayable, uncured sealant of not more than 5% by weight.

Particularly suitable sealants have been found to be so-called MS polymers, ie silyl-terminated polymers which crosslink under the influence of moisture. Among these, in turn, silane-modified polyethers are particularly suitable. Such compounds are described, for example, in DE 3816808 C1 . DE 4019074 C1 . DE 4119484 A1 . DE 4210277 C2 . DE 19502128 A1 . DE 69511581 T2 . DE 10130889 A1 and the publications quoted there. The silane-modified polyether prepolymer, which is the basis of the currently preferred sealant, is preferably acrylic-modified and, in particular, free of phthalates. A particularly suitable such sealant is under the Description Cosmosplast® MS 1696 available from Weiss Chemie + Technik GmbH & Co. KG, Haiger, DE.

In order to ensure a sufficient water vapor diffusion tightness of the joint seal, the sealant preferably has a water vapor diffusion resistance number of at least 900 and in particular of at least 1000. Expressed as the Sd value of the diffusion resistance is expediently at least 1.8 m and preferably at least 2 m at a layer thickness of 2 mm of the cured sealant.

The joint seal according to the invention is suitable for sealing a plurality of components and joints. Starting with the sealing of wall breakthroughs or other cavities, the application extends from the sealing of boards and plaster supports to the filling of connecting joints such as in timber construction and prefabricated house construction. Particularly suitable is the joint seal according to the invention for the airtight sealing of Bauanschlussfugen with high movement absorption. A particularly preferred application is the connection of door or window frame or a roller shutter box to a building. Here, when using a sufficiently impact-resistant and airtight insulation material, which has already been pointed out, in a very simple jointing construction construction joints can be produced, which readily meet the requirements for watertightness according to EN 12208 Class 9A and / or Air permeability according to standard EN 12207 Class 4. This is already possible with a two-part construction of the joint seal.

In accordance with a preferred construction of the joint seal according to the invention, in which only on one side of the insulating material sealant is present, namely on the interior side. In this case, the sealant can be applied so that it is at least partially still within the component joint. But it is also possible that the insulating material completely fills the component joint at least on the sealant side to the joint edge and the sealant is applied to the front side of the insulating material and is thus outside the component joint. The same applies to a two-sided application of the sealant. In order to create a vapor-impermeable and airtight seal on the interior side, the sealant is expediently applied to the insulating material so that it seals the component joint over its entire length and its entire width. Such a joint seal readily meets the requirement "inside denser than outside", since the sealant has a greater vapor diffusion resistance than the insulating material. Moisture that has possibly entered the component groove can therefore easily diffuse outwards, towards the weather side. An additional seal of the weather side, however, is not required if the insulating material, as in the invention is preferred, has sufficient air and water-tightness. It is then sufficient to cover or plaster the outer joint in a conventional manner.

However, it is not excluded to arrange a sealing material on the outside of the insulating material. In this case, in principle all sealing materials of the prior art come into consideration, which have already been used at the appropriate location. By way of example, the already mentioned pre-compressed sealing strips can be mentioned. A sealant can also be used for sealing on the outside. If its elasticity is adapted to that of the insulating material, as described, also on this side, the backfill material can be omitted. If a sealing material is also used on the outside of the insulating material, this material expediently has a lower vapor diffusion resistance than the sealing material of the inside, in order to allow diffusion of moisture to the outside. Expediently, the sealing material on the outside is not completely circumferentially present over the entire joint length, as already known in principle from the prior art.

Below is a preferred method for producing a joint seal according to the invention will be described in detail. First, the inner joint area is foamed in a known manner with the insulating material. Subsequently, if necessary, excess insulation material must be removed by trimming and the surface straightened. Thereafter, the sealant is applied directly to the surface of the insulating material. If necessary, the sealant can then be smoothed. After curing of the sealant, the joint seal according to the invention is already finished.

Before the application of the sealant, which is preferably carried out in such a way that the sealant is pressed by means of a spray gun from a cartridge or a tubular bag, no pretreatment steps are required in principle. For example, it is not necessary to smooth the joint walls and adjust the joint width to a substantially constant value, as is necessary when inserting a precompressed sealing strip. The application of a primer for adhesion is basically not necessary, but conceivable. However, it may be useful to moisten the component joint in order to even out and accelerate the curing of the moisture-crosslinking components. The moistening takes place either before the application of the insulating material, after its application, before or after the application of the sealant or at several of the stated times.

Since both the insulating material and the sealant are expediently injected into the component joint, inventive joint seal and inventive method are independent of the can be used in each case found joint width. The sealant can be applied particularly effectively if the spray gun used is provided with a flat nozzle through which the sealant is pressed out. This flat nozzle expediently has a slot height which essentially corresponds to the desired layer thickness of the sealant layer. Suitable slot heights are between 0.5 and 5 mm, preferably between 1 and 3 mm. The slit width of the flat nozzle is expediently chosen so that it substantially corresponds to the maximum gap width to be sealed. Suitable joint widths are between 5 and 40 mm, preferably between 10 and 35 mm. A flat nozzle with a slot width of, for example, 30 mm should therefore be used for sealing a component joint with a maximum width of about 30 mm.

But it can also be component joints with a smaller width than the slot width of the flat nozzle, sealed with the sealant. For this purpose, the flat nozzle is rotatably mounted on the container containing the sealant. To maintain the maximum application width of the sealant, the flat die is oriented transversely across the joint and substantially perpendicular to the process direction. However, if the width of the joint is less than the slot width of the flat nozzle, the latter is rotated on the container, so that the slot comes to lie obliquely above the joint. Depending on the angle of rotation of the flat nozzle, a wide variety of application widths can be set according to the available joint widths.

After applying the sealant, its surface can be smoothed if necessary. For this purpose, a conventional smoothing tool, for example a suitable spatula, optionally in combination with a surfactant-containing smoothing agent, can be used in a manner known per se.

Fig. 1

eine erfindungsgemäße Fugendichtung im Querschnitt am Beispiel einer Fensterfuge;

Fig. 2

eine Spritzpistole zur Verwendung im erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren;

Fig. 3 und 4

verschiedene Einstellungsmöglichkeiten der Flachdüse der Spritzpistole gemäß Fig. 2 zur Einstellung unterschiedlicher Auftragungsbreiten für den Dichtstoff;

Fig. 5

einen Fensteranschluss im Querschnitt;

Fig. 6

eine Draufsicht auf ein in einem Baukörper montiertes Fenster;

Fig. 7 und 8

jeweils eine Fensterfugendichtung des Standes der Technik im Querschnitt.

In den Figuren sind gleiche Teile mit gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen.The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to drawings. In the drawings show schematically:

Fig. 1

a joint seal according to the invention in cross section on the example of a window joint;

Fig. 2

a spray gun for use in the process of the invention;

3 and 4

various settings of the flat nozzle of the spray gun according to Fig. 2 for setting different application widths for the sealant;

Fig. 5

a window connection in cross section;

Fig. 6

a plan view of a mounted in a building window;

FIGS. 7 and 8

each a window joint seal of the prior art in cross section.

In the figures, like parts are given the same reference numerals.

Fig. 1 schematically shows the structure of a joint seal 6 according to the invention using the example of a window joint. As in FIGS. 7 and 8 is the cross section along the line CC in Fig. 6 shown. The joint seal 6 is arranged between the window frame 3 of the window and the window reveal 5 and connects both components to each other. The joint seal 6 consists only of two components, namely the insulating material 7 and a sealant 11, which is disposed directly adjacent to the insulating material 7 in the frontal joint edge region to the interior side ① out.

The insulating material 7 is a one-component, soft-celled polyurethane Füllschaum with high airtightness and high rain resistance. It is injected with the help of a foam gun in the inner joint area, expands there and foams this joint area. In the case shown, the joint is completely filled with polyurethane filling foam, but this is not mandatory. It could also unilaterally remain on one or both sides end-side joint edge areas. The polyurethane foam crosslinks under the influence of moisture. To promote cross-linking, the joint can be moistened with water before foaming with the polyurethane. If necessary, excess polyurethane foam is cut away before the sealant is sprayed onto the joint between the window frame 3 and the window reveal 5 from the interior side.

The sealant 11 is an MS polymer based on a silane-modified polyether prepolymer. This polymer also crosslinks under the influence of moisture. In this case, too, it is therefore advisable to moisten the area of the joint to which the sealant is to be applied before applying the sealant 11 and possibly thereafter. After the application of the sealant, its surface may optionally be moistened again and smoothed. After crosslinking of the sealant, the production of the joint seal 6 is completed.

The application of the sealant 11, which is usually stored in a tubular bag or a cartridge, is advantageously carried out with the aid of a spray gun. A suitable cartridge gun is highly schematized in Fig. 2 shown. In the gun 12 is already a cartridge 13, which contains the sealant 11, clamped. The metering of the sealant is carried out by pulling the lever on the pistol grip 14. On the outlet opening of the cartridge 13, a flat nozzle 15 is rotatably mounted. The metering of the sealant 11 takes place through the slot 16 of the flat nozzle 15. The width b of the slot 16 defines the maximum joint width, which can be filled with the sealant 11 from the spray gun 12 in one operation.

FIGS. 3 and 4 describe how with the spray gun 12 joints of different widths can be filled with the sealant 11, without causing the flat nozzle 15 must be replaced. Fig. 3 illustrates the application of the sealant 11 with maximum width, while in Fig. 4 the application of the sealant 11 is shown in a smaller width. In case of Fig. 3 the flat nozzle 15 is guided over the joint and there already applied insulation material that the slot opening is substantially perpendicular to the feed direction, which is indicated by the black arrow. The width b of the slot opening corresponds essentially to the joint width B. The layer thickness with which the sealant 11 is introduced from the flat nozzle in the joint, resulting essentially from the height of the slot h. For example, h can be 2 mm, b 30 mm.

If a gap width of less than 30 mm is to be filled with sealant, this can also be done using the same flat die. For this purpose, the flat nozzle in the direction of in Fig. 2 Arrows shown turned on the cartridge. The slot 16 is placed across the gap and occupies an angle other than 90 ° with respect to the feed direction illustrated by the black arrow. The rotation takes place so far that the two outer ends of the slot opening 16 come to lie over the edges of the joint of the width B '.

In the following, the invention will be further explained by way of example. The example describes a preferred joint seal according to the invention, but without being limited to such, as well as some test results for this joint seal.

EXAMPLE 1

One according to Fig. 1 constructed connecting joint was produced using the following components: Insulating material 7: One-component, soft-celled polyurethane filling foam with the properties: Composition before application: Polyolblend: Long-chain polyether polyol 330 parts by weight Aliphatic polyester polyol 170 parts by weight Aromatic polyester polyol 60 parts by weight Short-chain polyether polyol 80 parts by weight softener 330 parts by weight foam additives 30 parts by weight Polyolblend (as above) 390 parts by weight Crude MDI (diphenylmethane diisocyanate) 290 parts by weight propellant 169 parts by weight cellularity fine Tack-free after 4 - 8 min. Cuttable to (20 mm strand) 8-12 min. Hardened after (20 mm strand) about 12 h Working temperature +5 - +25 ° C Optimum processing temperature +20 ° C Tensile strength (DIN 53430) 5 - 6 N / cm ² Elongation at break (DIN 53430) 27% Shear strength (DIN 54427) 3 - 4 N / cm ² Compressive stress at 10% compression (DIN 53421) 1 - 2 N / cm ² Water absorption (DIN 53433) 1.5 vol.% Thermal conductivity (DIN 52612) 0.04 W / mK Temperature resistance (hardened, permanent) -40 - +80 ° C Building material class (DIN 4102, part 1) B3 (EN: B2) A corresponding PU foam is available from Rathor AG, Appenzell, CH, and from Pichler Chemie, Berghausen, AT, under the name PICHLER CHEMIE® Gun Soft Cell Foam. Sealant 11: One-component, moisture-crosslinking silane-modified polyether prepolymer having the following properties: Solids content 100% Shore hardness (Shore A according to DIN 5305, hardened) 30 Density (EN 542, 20 ° C) 1.4 g / cm ³ Skin formation after about 10 minutes Curing time (20 ° C, 50% relative humidity, 2 mm bead) about 24 h Practical stretching 27% elongation 300% Resilience 70% Breaking strength (ISO 87339, 23 ° C) 0.45 N / mm ² Vapor diffusion resistance factor 1.1 · 10 ³ Sd value (hardened, 2 mm layer thickness) 2,2 m temperature resistance -40 - +100 ° C Minimum working temperature +5 ° C A corresponding silane-modified polyether prepolymer is available from Weiss Chemie + Technik GmbH & Co. KG, Haiger, DE, under the name Cosmosplast® MS 1696.

The joint seal was tested in a window construction joint for air permeability based on ÖNORM EN 1026 and ÖNORM EN 12207 (ÖNORM B 5300), watertightness in accordance with ÖNORM EN 1027 and ÖNORM EN 12208 (ÖNORM B5300) and with regard to VORNORM ÖNORM B 5320 in the current versions at the time of the exams.

Around a single-leaf wooden single tilt-and-turn window with floor dimensions of 1225 x 1475 mm W x H and a floor frame thickness of 70 mm, a wooden frame with external dimensions 1365 x 1635 W x H, width 54 mm and a thickness of 70 mm was mounted, that this wooden frame was flush with the outside of the frame. As a result, a 16 mm vertical and a 26 mm horizontal joint width, 70 mm joint depth, existed between the frame and the wooden frame. The PU filling foam was introduced into this joint.

For this purpose, a can with the PU soft cell foam on a conventional foam gun (for example, Pichler Chemie foam gun PP-65) was placed. After moistening the window joint with water, the window joint was evenly foamed, in the case of vertical joints from bottom to top. The PU filling foam was placed in the middle joint area so that the window joint was not completely filled. The PU filling foam expands after injecting into the joint by a factor of two to three times. About 1 minute after application of the PU soft cell foam, water was again sprayed into the window joint and onto the PU foam to make curing more uniform. 30 minutes later, supernatant PU foam was removed with a feed blade knife so that the surface of the filler foam was flush with the frame on both sides. Subsequently, an approx. 2 mm thick layer of the sealant was applied to the inside of the room - via the window connection joint - by means of a cartridge extrusion gun on the PU foam and subsequently smoothed. After a waiting period of about 24 hours, the tests were carried out.

The test rig consisted of a vertical test plate, normally arranged vertical and horizontal, fixed and movable side walls, which formed a forwardly open box. The test element was pressed against the open front side of this box by means of threaded spindles and compressed air cylinders without deformation. Into the box, through a rear-mounted port, by means of a radial blower or compressor, pressure-controllable air was injected for air-permeability, wind-load behavior and watertightness. In the box were in accordance with ÖNORM EN 1027 parallel, equipped with full cone nozzles spray tubes for testing the watertightness appropriate. The measurement of the test pressure difference against the atmospheric Air pressure was measured with capsule-type pressure gauges. Air and water volumes were measured with floating cone measuring cylinders.

INSPECTION OF AIR PERMEABILITY

The air permeability test was carried out in accordance with ÖNORM EN 1026. Before the test of the air permeability, the window was sealed on its outside facing the test bench with a PE film and adhesive tapes up to the outer edge of the floor and at the same time sealed on the inside with a PE film and adhesive tapes. A measurement of the air permeability in this state gives the air passage through the leaks of the test bench and the clamping. Subsequently, the PE film was removed on the inside and the air permeability was measured according to ÖNORM B 5300, stress class 4. From the measured values obtained here, the air passage was subtracted by the leaks of the test rig and the internal clamping. From the comparison of the most unfavorable measured value of the length-related air permeability with the limit curve for the load classes, the achieved stress class according to ONORM EN 12207 results.

INSPECTION OF THE IMPACT SURFACE

The test element was subjected to a closed water film in accordance with ÖNORM EN 1027. During the spraying, the test element was additionally loaded with a gradually increasing static air pressure in accordance with the test plan in accordance with ÖNORM EN 1027. The time of a possible water leakage on the room side and the associated pressure level according to ÖNORM B 5300 results in the achieved stress class according to ÖNORM EN 12208.

TEST RESULTS

The results are summarized in Table 1. TABLE 1 Achieved stress classes in accordance with ÖNORM EN 12207 and ÖNORM EN 12208 or ÖNORM V 5320 requirement test criteria Single classification Air permeability of the construction joint (≤ 600 Pa)
* Measurement result: no air permeability 4 * Watertightness 9A of the construction joint (≤ 600 Pa) 9A

Claims (22)

1. A joint seal (6) for sealing a component joint, which comprises an insulation material (7) in an internal joint area and a sealing material in at least one front-side joint edge area,
   characterized in that the insulation material (7) comprises a single-component, moisture cross-linking, elastic polymer foam and the sealing material comprises a sealant (11), which is vapor-diffusion tight, directly adjoins the insulation material, is single-component, moisture cross-linked, and sprayable before the curing, as well as having an elasticity which is essentially equal to or greater than that of the insulation material (7).
2. The joint seal according to Claim 1,
   characterized in that the sealant (11) has a Shore A hardness (DIN 5305) in the range from 10 to 60, in particular 10 to 40, and preferably 15 to 35, in the cured state.
3. The joint seal according to Claim 1 or 2,
   characterized in that the sealant (11) is essentially free of organic solvents in its sprayable state.
4. The joint seal according to one of Claims 1 through 3,
   characterized in that the sealant (11) is an MS polymer and in particular such a polymer based on a silane-modified polyether prepolymer.
5. The joint seal according to Claim 4,
   characterized in that the silane-modified polyether prepolymer is acrylic-modified and in particular phthalate-free.
6. The joint seal according to one of Claims 1 through 5,
   characterized in that the sealant (11) has at least one of the following properties:

   - an elongation at break (DIN 53430) of at least 200 % and preferably at least 250 %,

   - a breaking elongation (DIN 53430) of at least 15 %,

   - a water vapor diffusion resistance index of at least 900, in particular of at least 1000,

   - an Sd value of at least 1.8 m and preferably at least 2 m at a layer thickness of 2 mm of the cured sealant.
7. The joint seal according to one of Claims 1 through 6,
   characterized in that the polymer foam is a polyurethane foam.
8. The joint seal according to one of Claims 1 through 7,
   characterized in that the polymer foam is a predominantly closed-cell soft-cell foam.
9. The joint seal according to one of Claims 1 through 8,
   characterized in that the polymer foam has a breaking elongation (DIN 53430) of at least 15 %.
10. The joint seal according to one of Claims 1 through 9,
    the polymer foam has at least one of the following properties:

    - in the testing of the air permeability according to standard EN 1026: airtight up to 300 Pa, preferably up to 600 Pa,

    - in the testing of the tightness to driving rain according to standard EN 1027: no water entry up to 300 Pa, preferably up to 600 Pa,

    - a thermal conductivity (DIN 52612) of at most 0.1 W/mK and preferably at most 0.05 W/mK.
11. The joint seal according to one of Claims 1 through 10,
    characterized in that it attaches a structural body (5) to a door or window frame (3) or a roller shutter box.
12. The joint seal according to one of Claims 1 through 11,
    characterized in that the sealant (11) is exclusively provided on one side of the insulation material (7).
13. The joint seal according to Claim 10 or 12,
    characterized in that the sealant (11) is provided on the interior room side (①) of the insulation material (7).
14. The joint seal according to Claim 13,
    characterized in that the sealant (11) is provided to form a seal over the entire length of the component joint.
15. A method for producing a joint seal (6) according to one of Claims 1 through 14,
    characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

    a) foaming at least the internal joint area using the insulation material (7),

    b) optionally trimming and evening the surface of the insulation material after the curing of the insulation material (7),

    c) applying the sealant (11) to the surface of the insulation material (7), and

    d) optionally smoothing the surface of the seal (11).
16. The method according to Claim 15,
    characterized in that the sealant (11) is applied using a spray gun (12).
17. The method according to Claim 16,
    characterized in that the spray gun (12) is provided with a sheet die (15), through which the sealant (11) is extruded.
18. The method according to Claim 17,
    characterized in that the sheet die (15) has a slot height (h), which essentially corresponds to the desired layer thickness of the sealant layer and is particularly between 0.5 and 5 mm, preferably between 1 and 3 mm.
19. The method according to Claim 17 or 18,
    characterized in that the sheet die (15) has a slot width (B) which essentially corresponds to the maximum sealable joint width and is particularly between 5 and 40 mm, preferably between 10 and 35 mm.
20. The method according to Claim 19,
    characterized in that the sheet die (15) is mounted so it is rotatable on the container (13) containing the sealant (11).
21. The method according to one of Claims 15 through 20,
    characterized in that the component joint is moistened with water at least one of the following times:

    - before step a)

    - after step a)

    - before step c)

    - after step c).
22. The method according to one of Claims 15 through 21,
    characterized in that in the step d), a smoothing agent containing surfactant is applied to the surface of the sealant (11).

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