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EP1671343A1 - Drive for a switching device - Google Patents

Drive for a switching device

Info

Publication number
EP1671343A1
EP1671343A1 EP04787055A EP04787055A EP1671343A1 EP 1671343 A1 EP1671343 A1 EP 1671343A1 EP 04787055 A EP04787055 A EP 04787055A EP 04787055 A EP04787055 A EP 04787055A EP 1671343 A1 EP1671343 A1 EP 1671343A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drive
drive according
energy
switching
switching device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP04787055A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1671343B1 (en
Inventor
Werner Hartmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG, Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP1671343A1 publication Critical patent/EP1671343A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1671343B1 publication Critical patent/EP1671343B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/14—Electrothermal mechanisms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/14—Electrothermal mechanisms
    • H01H2071/147—Thermal release by expansion of a fluid
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/666—Operating arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H39/00—Switching devices actuated by an explosion produced within the device and initiated by an electric current
    • H01H39/004—Closing switches

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a drive for a switching device in which stored energy is converted into a fast switching movement and activates a switching element.
  • drives with high switching speeds are required in the area of medium-voltage switchgear.
  • a switching operation should be triggered electronically and completed within a few milliseconds in order to limit the arcing fault energy.
  • drive principles with high drive power and energy are required.
  • a drive is created based on a spark discharge, in particular an underwater spark discharge, in which electrically stored energy is used.
  • a suitable drive medium e.g. water, but also other suitable liquid or gaseous media, can be heated and evaporated very quickly - in the sub-millisecond range to millisecond range - and the gas pressure that is generated in an explosive manner can be used to drive a switch contact.
  • the entire drive energy required for the switching operation is supplied electrically; this method is reversible and, apart from wear and tear, is not restricted in the number of switching operations like other methods in which pyrotechnic propellant charges have to be kept in limited numbers and limit the number of possible switching operations.
  • the spark gap required for energy conversion can be kept de-energized during the entire operating time and is only briefly loaded with voltage during the triggering process, so that unwanted self-ignition cannot take place.
  • an additional high-voltage pulse can be applied to an auxiliary electrode via an auxiliary voltage in order to support or accelerate the ignition process and to reduce the self-scattering of the ignition process.
  • this auxiliary ignition pulse can also be given directly to one of the main electrodes and thus an auxiliary electrode can be dispensed with.
  • Advantages of the invention are in particular the ability to repeat when the working medium is completely recondensed / recombined, a considerably longer service life than in the case of an explosion drive, and the elimination of the need to replace or store explosive cartridges.
  • the drive energy may be taken directly from the 230 V network, so that no energy storage is necessary.
  • Another particular advantage of the invention is that the triggering is completely electronic - i.e. without electro-mechanically moving parts - so that no additional mechanical release delay has to be taken into account.
  • the switching process is mastered at voltages of a few 100 V and peak currents of a few 100 A to 1000 A in the range of a few milliseconds of current flow duration of semiconductor switching elements such as thyristors and IGBTs, so that no aging-sensitive components such as switching tubes or electromechanical auxiliary switches are required.
  • Figure 1 shows the principle of the invention applied to a vacuum switch
  • FIG. 2/3 shows a rapid-action switch with a closing function that is actuated electro-hydraulically with a drive according to FIG. 1, both in the open and in the closed state.
  • 1 represents a vacuum holding tube in which a fixed contact is rigidly arranged via a fixed contact bolt.
  • a moving contact is arranged via an axially displaceable contact pin. The moving contact is moved from the "open” position shown to the "* ⁇ close” position via a drive.
  • the explosive-filled detonator capsule according to the prior art is replaced here by a pressure vessel 30 which is filled with a suitable medium, in particular water.
  • the media used are fluids, in particular liquids such as the water already mentioned, but also inert gases, such as Nitrogen or argon, in question.
  • the fluid can contain ion-conducting additives.
  • the electrical energy can be provided, for example, via an electrical energy store in the form of a capacitor.
  • the switch shown in the figure can be in the form of an IGBT or power MOSFET or as a thyristor with a freewheeling diode.
  • the peak electrical power is so small (a few 10 kW) that it can be taken directly from the 230 V network in the form of the permissible short-circuit load. For example, with a mass to be actuated of 2 kg, a required contact stroke of 15 mm and a switching time of 5 ms, only one is Energy of approx. 120 VAs is necessary, whereby an efficiency of converting electrical to mechanical energy of 30% is already assumed; the associated electrical output of approx.
  • latch the end position or return it to its starting position can e.g. B. by mechanical pawls or permanent magnets.
  • the additional, low-energy trigger pulse can initially break a partial discharge path via an additional trigger electrode, which then follows the main spark gap with a short ignition delay of just a few microseconds.
  • the voltage-side electrode of the main discharge circuit for high frequencies can be inductively decoupled from the main discharge circuit, so that a high-frequency high-voltage voltage auxiliary pulse can be coupled directly to the spark electrode and leads to a low-distortion breakdown of the spark gap.
  • the electrohydraulic drive described in detail above with reference to FIG. 1 is a flat rate. designated 30. It acts on the axially movable bolt, a mechanical locking / unlocking mechanism 40 being provided in a manner known per se.
  • the encryption / Entklinkungs- mechanism 40 is mounted on a fixedly arranged Garpla * tte 41 against a Verklinkungsfeder 42 slidably mounted and acts on a latch 43 on the axially movable pin 20 withconcentrelernent 24 for the latch 42.
  • FIG. 2 shows the electro-hydraulically driven moving contact 21 in the closed, mechanically latched position.
  • the opening spring 45 which is present in accordance with the prior art is already tensioned.
  • the energy for tensioning the opening spring 45 is applied by the electro-hydraulic drive 30, 31, 32 according to FIG. 1.
  • the pawl 42 Upon actuation of the unlatching mechanism 40, the pawl 42 is released, the tensioned opening spring 45 returns the moving contact 21 to the (opened) initial state.
  • the electro-hydraulically driven movement cortex 21 is shown in the open, mechanically unlatched position, in which the opening spring 45 is relaxed.

Landscapes

  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Control Of Throttle Valves Provided In The Intake System Or In The Exhaust System (AREA)
  • Vacuum Packaging (AREA)
  • Containers, Films, And Cooling For Superconductive Devices (AREA)
  • Automotive Seat Belt Assembly (AREA)
  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
  • Relay Circuits (AREA)

Abstract

In a drive for a switching device, stored energy is converted into a rapid switching movement and a switching body is hence activated. According to the invention, an energy conversion occurs as a result of an underwater electrical discharge, by the application of stored electrical energy in order to evaporate a drive medium, by means of which an exclusive pressure is generated for operating the switching body. The advantage is presented of the possibility of the complete recondensation/recombination of the working medium and a greatly increased lifespan compared to a conventional explosive drive.

Description

Beschreibungdescription

Antrieb für ein SchaltgerätDrive for a switching device

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Antrieb für ein Schaltgerät, bei dem gespeicherte Energie in eine schnelle Schaltbewegung umgesetzt wird und ein Schaltorgan aktiviert.The invention relates to a drive for a switching device in which stored energy is converted into a fast switching movement and activates a switching element.

Für bestimmte Einsatzzwecke wie beispielsweise das Verhindern von Störlichtbögen werden im Bereich von Mittelspannungs- schaltgeräten Antriebe mit hoher Schaltgeschwindigkeit gefordert. Dabei soll eine Schalthandlung elektronisch ausgelöst und innerhalb weniger Millisekunden beendet sein., um die Störlichtbogenenergie zu begrenzen. Zu diesem Zweck werden Antriebsprinzipien mit hoher Antriebsleistung und -energie benötigt.For certain applications, such as preventing accidental arcing, drives with high switching speeds are required in the area of medium-voltage switchgear. A switching operation should be triggered electronically and completed within a few milliseconds in order to limit the arcing fault energy. For this purpose, drive principles with high drive power and energy are required.

Bisher werden folgende Antriebsprinzipien, die j eweils spezifische Eigenheiten haben, eingesetzt: - Federspeicherantrieb: Probleme können bei schneller Ent- klinkung und aufgrund von Materialermüdung durch Kriechen od. dgl. entstehen.So far, the following drive principles, each of which has specific peculiarities, have been used: - Spring-loaded drive: Problems can arise with quick unlatching and due to material fatigue due to creeping or the like.

- Magnetischer Antrieb: Dieser Antrieb ist wegen hoher bewegter Massen der Antrieb relativ langsam. - Elektromagnetischer Wirbelstromantrieb: Mit einem solchen Antrieb sind große Hübe schwierig zu erreichen.- Magnetic drive: This drive is relatively slow due to the high moving masses. - Electromagnetic eddy current drive: With such a drive large strokes are difficult to achieve.

- Explosionsantrieb: Ein wesentliches Problem ist hierbei die geringe Lebensdauer (typisch lx bis max. » lOx) .- Explosion drive: A major problem here is the short service life (typically lx to max. »LOx).

Insbesondere letztere Explosionsantriebe sind in unterschiedlicher Ausbildung bekannt. Beispielsweise beschreibt die DE 35 45 327 einen solchen Antrieb, der mit einem explosiven Gasgemisch arbeitet. Die DE 102 05 369 AI und die DE 297 23 872 Ul beinhalten solche Schaltglieder, bei denen pyrotechnische Materialien zum Unterbrechen des Stromkreises verwendet werden. Ähnliche Antriebseinrichtungen sind aus der GB 2 016 210 A und der US 3 700 970 A bekannt, wobei bei der- artigen Einrichtungen neben dem schnellen Öffnen der Kontakte gleichermaßen eine Beblasung des Lichtbogens mit einem Löschmedium erfolgt.The latter explosion drives in particular are known in different designs. For example, DE 35 45 327 describes such a drive that works with an explosive gas mixture. DE 102 05 369 AI and DE 297 23 872 Ul contain such switching elements in which pyrotechnic materials are used to interrupt the circuit. Similar drive devices are known from GB 2 016 210 A and US 3 700 970 A, in which Like facilities, in addition to the rapid opening of the contacts, the arc is blown with an extinguishing medium.

Ausgehend vom vorstehend beschriebenen Sachverhalt ist es Aufgabe der Erfindung, einen verbesserten Antrieb für ein Schaltgerät zu schaffen.Based on the facts described above, it is an object of the invention to provide an improved drive for a switching device.

Die Aufgabe ist erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des Pa- tentanspruches 1 gelöst. Weiterbildungen sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.The object is achieved according to the invention by the features of patent claim 1. Further developments are specified in the subclaims.

Gemäß der Erfindung wird entgegen dem Stand der Technik kein Explosionsantrieb realisiert. Vielmehr ist ein auf der Basis einer Funkenentladung, insbesondere einer Unterwasserfunkenentladung arbeitender Antrieb geschaffen, bei dem elektrisch gespeicherte Energie eingesetzt wird. Damit ist ein geeignetes Antriebsmedium, beispielsweise Wasser, aber auch andere geeignete flüssige oder gasförmige Medien, sehr schnell - im sub-Millisekundenbereich bis Millisekundenbereich - zu erhitzen und zu verdampfen und den dabei explosionsartig entstehenden Gasdruck zum Antrieb eines Schaltkontaktes zu verwenden. Die gesamte für die Schalthandlung notwendige Antriebsenergie wird dabei elektrisch zugeführt; dadurch ist diese Methode reversibel und, von Abnutzungserscheinungen abgesehen, nicht in der Zahl der Schalthandlungen eingeschränkt wie andere Methoden, bei denen pyrotechnische Treibsätze begrenzter Anzahl vorgehalten werden müssen und die Zahl der möglichen Schalthandlungen begrenzen. Die für die Energieumsetzung benötigte Funkenstrecke kann während der gesamten Betriebszeit spannungslos gehalten werden und wird nur beim Auslösevorgang kurzzeitig mit Spannung belastet, so dass keine ungewollte Selbstzündung erfolgen kann. Gegebenenfalls kann über eine Hilfsspannung ein zusätzlicher Hochspannungsimpuls auf eine Hilfselektrode gegeben werden, um den Zündvorgang zu unterstützen bzw. zu beschleunigen und die Eigenstreuung des Zündvorgangs zu verringern. Bei induktiver Entkopplung des Hauptentladekreises kann dieser Hilfszündimpuls auch direkt auf eine der Hauptelektroden gegeben und so auf eine Hilfselektrode verzichtet werden.According to the invention, in contrast to the prior art, no explosion drive is implemented. Rather, a drive is created based on a spark discharge, in particular an underwater spark discharge, in which electrically stored energy is used. This means that a suitable drive medium, e.g. water, but also other suitable liquid or gaseous media, can be heated and evaporated very quickly - in the sub-millisecond range to millisecond range - and the gas pressure that is generated in an explosive manner can be used to drive a switch contact. The entire drive energy required for the switching operation is supplied electrically; this method is reversible and, apart from wear and tear, is not restricted in the number of switching operations like other methods in which pyrotechnic propellant charges have to be kept in limited numbers and limit the number of possible switching operations. The spark gap required for energy conversion can be kept de-energized during the entire operating time and is only briefly loaded with voltage during the triggering process, so that unwanted self-ignition cannot take place. If necessary, an additional high-voltage pulse can be applied to an auxiliary electrode via an auxiliary voltage in order to support or accelerate the ignition process and to reduce the self-scattering of the ignition process. With inductive decoupling of the Main discharge circuit, this auxiliary ignition pulse can also be given directly to one of the main electrodes and thus an auxiliary electrode can be dispensed with.

Vorteile der Erfindung sind insbesondere die Repetierfähigkeit bei vollständiger Rekondensation/Rekombination des Arbeitsmediums, eine erheblich größere Lebensdauer als bei einem Explosionsantrieb, Wegfall der Notwendigkeit des Auswechseins bzw. der Lagerung von Explosivkartuschen. Die Antriebs- energie kann u.U., je nach Ausgestaltung der Schaltstrecke und der Anforderung bezüglich der Ausschaltzeit, direkt dem 230 V-Netz entnommen werden, so dass keine Energiespeicherung notwendig ist.Advantages of the invention are in particular the ability to repeat when the working medium is completely recondensed / recombined, a considerably longer service life than in the case of an explosion drive, and the elimination of the need to replace or store explosive cartridges. Depending on the design of the switching path and the requirements regarding the switch-off time, the drive energy may be taken directly from the 230 V network, so that no energy storage is necessary.

Besonderer Vorteil der Erfindung ist weiterhin, dass die Auslösung vollständig elektronisch - d.h. ohne elektro echanisch bewegte Teile - erfolgt, so dass keine zusätzliche mechanische Auslöseverzögerung berücksichtigt werden muss. Der Schaltvorgang wird bei Spannungen von einigen 100 V und Spit- zenströmen von einigen 100 A bis 1000 A im Bereich weniger Millisekunden Stromflussdauer von Halbleiterschaltelementen wie Thyristoren und IGBT's beherrscht, so dass keine alterungsempfindlichen Bauteile wie Schaltröhren oder elektrome- chanische Hilfsschalter benötigt werden.Another particular advantage of the invention is that the triggering is completely electronic - i.e. without electro-mechanically moving parts - so that no additional mechanical release delay has to be taken into account. The switching process is mastered at voltages of a few 100 V and peak currents of a few 100 A to 1000 A in the range of a few milliseconds of current flow duration of semiconductor switching elements such as thyristors and IGBTs, so that no aging-sensitive components such as switching tubes or electromechanical auxiliary switches are required.

Weitere Einzelheiten und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus nachfolgender Figurenbeschreibung von Ausführungsbeispie- len anhand der Zeichnung in Verbindung mit den Patentansprüchen. Es zeigenFurther details and advantages of the invention result from the following description of figures of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing in conjunction with the patent claims. Show it

Figur 1 das Prinzip der Erfindung angewandt auf einen Vakuumschalter undFigure 1 shows the principle of the invention applied to a vacuum switch and

Figur 2/3 einen mit einem Antrieb gemäß Figur 1 elektro- hydraulisch betätigten Schnellschalter mit Schließ- funktion, sowohl in geöffnetem als auch in geschlossenem Zustand. In Figur 1 stellt 1 eine Vakuumsehaltröhre dar, in der über einen Festkontaktbolzen ein Festkontakt starr angeordnet ist. Demgegenüber ist über einen axial verschiebbaren Kontaktbolzen ein Bewegkontakt angeordnet. Über einen Antrieb wird der Bewegkontakt von der dargestellten "Offen"-Position in die "*ΛSchließ"-Position gebracht.FIG. 2/3 shows a rapid-action switch with a closing function that is actuated electro-hydraulically with a drive according to FIG. 1, both in the open and in the closed state. In FIG. 1, 1 represents a vacuum holding tube in which a fixed contact is rigidly arranged via a fixed contact bolt. In contrast, a moving contact is arranged via an axially displaceable contact pin. The moving contact is moved from the "open" position shown to the "* Λ close" position via a drive.

Aus der Darstellung der Figur 1 ergibt sich der Vorteil des erfindungsgemäßen Antriebes gegenüber einem bekannten Explo- sivstoff-getriebenen Antrieb. Die Explosivstoff-gefüllte Sprengkapsel nach dem Stand der Technik wird hier ersetzt durch ein Druckgefäß 30, welches mit einem geeigneten Medium, insbesondere Wasser, gefüllt ist. Als Medien kommen Fluide, insbesondere Flüssigkeiten wie das bereits erwähnte Wasser, aber auch inerte Gase, wie z.B. Stickstoff oder Argon, in Frage. Das Fluid kann ionenleitende Zusätze enthalten.1 shows the advantage of the drive according to the invention over a known explosive-driven drive. The explosive-filled detonator capsule according to the prior art is replaced here by a pressure vessel 30 which is filled with a suitable medium, in particular water. The media used are fluids, in particular liquids such as the water already mentioned, but also inert gases, such as Nitrogen or argon, in question. The fluid can contain ion-conducting additives.

Durch Zünden einer Funkenentladung in diesem fluiden Medium wird eine einer Explosionswelle ähnlichen Druckwelle erzeugt, welche den beweglichen Kontakt BK antreibt, im gezeigten Fall auf den Festkontakt zu. Damit wird eine entsprechende Schalthandlung und zwar im in Figur 1 gezeigten Fall ein Schließen des KontaktSystems, durchgeführt, die nach Abkühlung/Rekon- densation des verdampften Mediums reversibel ist und eine ho- he mechanische Lebensdauer erreichen kann.By igniting a spark discharge in this fluid medium, a pressure wave similar to an explosion wave is generated, which drives the movable contact BK, in the case shown toward the fixed contact. A corresponding switching operation, that is to say closing of the contact system in the case shown in FIG. 1, is thus carried out, which is reversible after cooling / recondensation of the evaporated medium and can achieve a long mechanical service life.

Die Bereitstellung der elektrischen Energie kann - wie anhand der Figur 1 gezeigt - beispielsweise über einen elektrischen Energiespeicher in Form eines Kondensators erfolgen, der im Bild gezeigte Schalter kann in Form eines IGBT oder Leis- tungs-MOSFETs oder auch als Thyristor mit Freilaufdiode ausgebildet sein. In einer besonders vorteilhaften Anordnung ist die elektrische Spitzenleistung so klein (einige 10 kW) , dass sie in Form der zulässigen Kurzschlussbelastung direkt dem 230 V-Netz entnommen werden kann. Beispielsweise ist bei einer zu betätigenden Masse von 2 kg, einem geforderten Kontakthub von 15 mm und einer Schaltzeit von 5 ms nur eine Energie von ca. 120 VAs nötig, wobei bereits ein Wirkungsgrad der Umwandlung elektrischer in mechanische Energie von 30 % angenommen wird; die zugehörige elektrische Leistung von ca. 24 kW wird von modernen Halbleitern beherrscht und kann u.U. dem Netz direkt entnommen werden. Andernfalls wird bei einer Ladespannung des Energiespeichers von typ. 311 V (entsprechend der Amplitude des 230 V-Netzes, unter Annahme einer Vollwellenbrücken-Gleichrichtung) eine Speicherkapazität von 2,5 mF benötigt.As shown in FIG. 1, the electrical energy can be provided, for example, via an electrical energy store in the form of a capacitor. The switch shown in the figure can be in the form of an IGBT or power MOSFET or as a thyristor with a freewheeling diode. In a particularly advantageous arrangement, the peak electrical power is so small (a few 10 kW) that it can be taken directly from the 230 V network in the form of the permissible short-circuit load. For example, with a mass to be actuated of 2 kg, a required contact stroke of 15 mm and a switching time of 5 ms, only one is Energy of approx. 120 VAs is necessary, whereby an efficiency of converting electrical to mechanical energy of 30% is already assumed; the associated electrical output of approx. 24 kW is dominated by modern semiconductors and may be taken directly from the network. Otherwise, a storage capacity of 2.5 mF is required with a charging voltage of the energy storage device of typically 311 V (corresponding to the amplitude of the 230 V network, assuming full-wave bridge rectification).

Bei Zündung des Schalters wird an der Funkenstrecke eine ausrechend hohe Spannung aufgebaut, dass es zu einem elektrischen Überschlag im Antriebsmedium kommt; im weiteren Verlauf wird dabei ausreichend viel Energie im Antriebsmedium depo- niert, dass dieses gegebenenfalls verdampft und anschließend so hoch erhitzt wird, dass der dabei entstehende thermodyna- mische Druck zur Betätigung des Bewegkontaktes ausreicht.When the switch is ignited, a sufficiently high voltage is built up on the spark gap that there is an electrical flashover in the drive medium; in the further course, a sufficient amount of energy is deposited in the drive medium so that it is evaporated if necessary and then heated to such an extent that the resulting thermodynamic pressure is sufficient to actuate the moving contact.

Entsprechend dem Stand der Technik sind Mittel vorhanden, um entsprechend den Anforderungen den Bewegkontakt in seinerAccording to the prior art, means are available to move the contact in accordance with the requirements

Endstellung gegebenenfalls zu verklinken bzw. wieder in seine Ausgangsstellung zurückzuführen. Dies kann z. B. durch mechanische Klinken oder aber auch über Permanentmagnete erfolgen.If necessary, latch the end position or return it to its starting position. This can e.g. B. by mechanical pawls or permanent magnets.

Um einen unvermeidlichen Zündverzug bei der im beschriebenen Beispiel ausgenutzten ÜberspannungsZündung der Funkenstrecke zu verringern und statistische Schwankungen zu beseitigen, ist es vorteilhaft, einen separaten Hilfszündkreis mit höherer Zündspannung zu verwenden. Der zusätzliche, energiearme Auslöseimpuls kann dabei über eine zusätzliche Triggerelektrode zunächst eine Teilentladungsstrecke zum Durchbruch bringen, welcher dann mit kurzem Zündverzug von nur wenigen Mik- rosekunden die Hauptfunkenstrecke folgt.In order to reduce an inevitable ignition delay in the overvoltage ignition of the spark gap used in the example described and to eliminate statistical fluctuations, it is advantageous to use a separate auxiliary ignition circuit with a higher ignition voltage. The additional, low-energy trigger pulse can initially break a partial discharge path via an additional trigger electrode, which then follows the main spark gap with a short ignition delay of just a few microseconds.

Alternativ kann die spannungsseitige Elektrode des Hauptentladekreises für hohe Frequenzen induktiv vom Hauptentladekreis entkoppelt sein, so dass ein hochfrequenter Hochspan- nungs-Hilfsi puls direkt an die Funkenelektrode gekoppelt werden kann und zu einem verzugsarmen Durchbruch der Funkenstrecke führt.Alternatively, the voltage-side electrode of the main discharge circuit for high frequencies can be inductively decoupled from the main discharge circuit, so that a high-frequency high-voltage voltage auxiliary pulse can be coupled directly to the spark electrode and leads to a low-distortion breakdown of the spark gap.

In den Figuren 2 und 3 ist der anhand Figur 1 vorstehend im Einzelnen beschriebene elektrohydraulische Antrieb pauschal. it 30 bezeichnet. Er wirkt auf den axial beweglichen Bolzen, wobei in an sich bekannter Weise ein mechanischer Ver/Ent- klinkungsmechanismus 40 vorhanden ist. Der Ver/Entklinkungs- mechanismus 40 ist an einer ortsfest angeordneten Haltepla*tte 41 gegenüber einer Verklinkungsfeder 42 verschiebbar befestigt und wirkt über eine Klinke 43 auf den axial beweglichen Bolzen 20 mit Aufnahmeelernent 24 für die Klinke 42. Es ist eine Öffnungsfeder 45 vorhanden, die in Figur 2 gespannt und in Figur 3 entspannt ist.In FIGS. 2 and 3, the electrohydraulic drive described in detail above with reference to FIG. 1 is a flat rate. designated 30. It acts on the axially movable bolt, a mechanical locking / unlocking mechanism 40 being provided in a manner known per se. The encryption / Entklinkungs- mechanism 40 is mounted on a fixedly arranged Haltepla * tte 41 against a Verklinkungsfeder 42 slidably mounted and acts on a latch 43 on the axially movable pin 20 with Aufnahmeelernent 24 for the latch 42. There is an opening spring 45 present, the tensioned in Figure 2 and relaxed in Figure 3.

In Figur 2 ist der elektrohydraulisch angetriebene Bewegkontakt 21 in geschlossener, mechanisch verklinkter Stellung gezeigt. Dabei ist die entsprechend dem Stand der Technik vorhandene Öffnungsfeder 45 bereits gespannt. Die Energie zum Spannen der Öffnungsfeder 45 wird im gezeigten Ausführungs— beispiel vom elektrohydraulischen Antrieb 30, 31, 32 gemäß Figur 1 aufgebracht. Bei Betätigung des Entklinkungs echanJLs- mus' 40 wird die Klinke 42 gelöst, die gespannte Öffnungsfe- der 45 führt den Bewegkontakt 21 in den (geöffneten) Ausgangszustand zurück.FIG. 2 shows the electro-hydraulically driven moving contact 21 in the closed, mechanically latched position. The opening spring 45 which is present in accordance with the prior art is already tensioned. In the embodiment shown, the energy for tensioning the opening spring 45 is applied by the electro-hydraulic drive 30, 31, 32 according to FIG. 1. Upon actuation of the unlatching mechanism 40, the pawl 42 is released, the tensioned opening spring 45 returns the moving contact 21 to the (opened) initial state.

In Figur 3 ist der elektrohydraulisch angetriebene Bewegkorx- takt 21 in geöffneter, mechanisch entklinkter Stellung ge- zeigt, in der die Öffnungsfeder 45 entspannt ist.In FIG. 3, the electro-hydraulically driven movement cortex 21 is shown in the open, mechanically unlatched position, in which the opening spring 45 is relaxed.

Statt der anhand der Figuren 2 und 3 beschriebenen mechanischen Verklinkung können auch solche Ver/Entklinkungs ittel vorgesehen sein, die magnetisch arbeiten, wofür Elektro agne- te geeignet sind. Instead of the mechanical latching described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3, it is also possible to provide those latching / unlatching devices which work magnetically, for which electrical agents are suitable.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims 1. Antrieb für Schaltgeräte, bei dem gespeicherte Energie in eine schnelle Schaltbewegung zur Aktivierung eines Schaltor- gans umgesetzt wird, wobei ein direkt oder indirekt erzeugter Druck zur Betätigung des Schaltorgans (21) dient, gekennzeichnet durch eine gesteuerte Energieumsetzung auf der Basis einer Funkenentladung, bei dem elektrisch gespeichexte oder dem Energieverteilungsnetz entnommene Energie eingesetzt wird, um ein Antriebsmedium zu verdampfen, wobei dex dabei entstehende Gasdruck auf das Schaltorgan einwirkt.1. Drive for switching devices, in which stored energy is converted into a rapid switching movement for activating a switching device, a directly or indirectly generated pressure being used to actuate the switching device (21), characterized by a controlled energy conversion on the basis of a spark discharge, in the case of the electrically stored energy or energy taken from the energy distribution network, in order to evaporate a drive medium, the resulting gas pressure acting on the switching element. 2. Antrieb nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Antriebsmedium ein Fluid, d.h. ein flüssiges oder gasförmiges Medium, ist.2. Drive according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive medium is a fluid, i.e. is a liquid or gaseous medium. 3. Antrieb nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Fluid Wasser ist.3. Drive according to claim 2, characterized in that the fluid is water. 4. Antrieb nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Fluid ionenleitfähige Zusätze enthält.4. Drive according to claim 2, characterized in that the fluid contains ion-conductive additives. 5. Antrieb nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, mit einer innerhalb des Fluids angeordneten Funkenstrecke zur Energie- Umsetzung, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Funkenstrecke (31, 32) während der Betriebszeit des Schaltgerätes (1) spannungslos ist und nur für den Auslösevorgang des Schaltorgans (21) kurzzeitig mit Spannung belastet wird.5. Drive according to one of the preceding claims, with a spark gap arranged within the fluid for energy conversion, characterized in that the spark gap (31, 32) is voltage-free during the operating time of the switching device (1) and only for the triggering process of the switching element ( 21) is briefly loaded with voltage. 6. Antrieb nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Mittel (33, 34) zur Erzeugung eines Hochspannungsimpulses vorhanden sind und dass der Hochspannungsimpuls auf eine Hilfselektrode (32) der Funkenstrecke gegeben wird.6. Drive according to claim 4, characterized in that means (33, 34) for generating a high voltage pulse are present and that the high voltage pulse is given to an auxiliary electrode (32) of the spark gap. 7. Antrieb nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Hochspannungsimpuls von einer Spannungsquelle (34) mit parallel geschaltetem Kondensator (33) erzeugt wird. 7. Drive according to claim 5, characterized in that the high-voltage pulse is generated by a voltage source (34) with a capacitor (33) connected in parallel. 8. Antrieb nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeich.net, dass der Hilfselektrode (32) ein Schalter (35) zugeordnet ist. 8. Drive according to claim 5, characterized gekennzeich.net that the auxiliary electrode (32) is assigned a switch (35). 9. Antrieb nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schalter ein Halbleiterschalter, insb. IGBT, Leistungs-MOSFET oder Thyristor, ist.9. Drive according to claim 7, characterized in that the switch is a semiconductor switch, esp. IGBT, power MOSFET or thyristor. 10. Antrieb nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Mittel zur induktiven Einkopplung des Hochspannungsimpulses vorhanden sind.10. Drive according to claim 5, characterized in that means for inductively coupling the high voltage pulse are present. 11. Antrieb nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Mittel (40 - 45) zum Ver-/Entklinken des axial beweglichen Bolzens (20) mit Bewegkontakt (21) vorhanden sind.11. Drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that means (40 - 45) for latching / unlatching the axially movable bolt (20) with a moving contact (21) are provided. 12. Antrieb nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ver-/Entklinkungsmittel (40 - 45) mechanisch arbeiten.12. Drive according to claim 9, characterized in that the latching / unlatching means (40 - 45) work mechanically. • 13. Antrieb nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ver-/Entklinkungsmittel (40 - 45) magnetisch arbeiten. • 13. The drive according to claim 9, characterized in that the locking / Entklinkungsmittel (40 - 45) operate magnetically. 14. Antrieb nach Anspruch 10 oder 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Energie zum Verklinken vom elektrohydraulischen Antrieb (30) aufgebracht wird. 14. Drive according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the energy for latching is applied by the electro-hydraulic drive (30).
EP04787055A 2003-09-30 2004-09-29 Drive for a vacuum switch gear Expired - Lifetime EP1671343B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10345502A DE10345502A1 (en) 2003-09-30 2003-09-30 Drive for a switching device
PCT/EP2004/010902 WO2005034161A1 (en) 2003-09-30 2004-09-29 Drive for a switching device

Publications (2)

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EP1671343A1 true EP1671343A1 (en) 2006-06-21
EP1671343B1 EP1671343B1 (en) 2008-12-31

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EP04787055A Expired - Lifetime EP1671343B1 (en) 2003-09-30 2004-09-29 Drive for a vacuum switch gear

Country Status (7)

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US (1) US20070102269A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1671343B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2007507837A (en)
CN (1) CN1860573A (en)
AT (1) ATE419639T1 (en)
DE (2) DE10345502A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2005034161A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1671343B1 (en) 2008-12-31
US20070102269A1 (en) 2007-05-10
CN1860573A (en) 2006-11-08
JP2007507837A (en) 2007-03-29
DE10345502A1 (en) 2005-06-02
ATE419639T1 (en) 2009-01-15
DE502004008790D1 (en) 2009-02-12
WO2005034161A1 (en) 2005-04-14

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