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EP1670606A1 - Dispositif et procede de chauffage de pieces de machines de moulage sous pression - Google Patents

Dispositif et procede de chauffage de pieces de machines de moulage sous pression

Info

Publication number
EP1670606A1
EP1670606A1 EP04769371A EP04769371A EP1670606A1 EP 1670606 A1 EP1670606 A1 EP 1670606A1 EP 04769371 A EP04769371 A EP 04769371A EP 04769371 A EP04769371 A EP 04769371A EP 1670606 A1 EP1670606 A1 EP 1670606A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating medium
extension
gooseneck
die casting
heater according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP04769371A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ermenegildo Botta
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP1670606A1 publication Critical patent/EP1670606A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/02—Hot chamber machines, i.e. with heated press chamber in which metal is melted
    • B22D17/04—Plunger machines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
    • B22D17/2015—Means for forcing the molten metal into the die
    • B22D17/2038—Heating, cooling or lubricating the injection unit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D35/00—Equipment for conveying molten metal into beds or moulds
    • B22D35/06—Heating or cooling equipment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/26—Moulds
    • B29C45/27—Sprue channels ; Runner channels or runner nozzles
    • B29C45/2737—Heating or cooling means therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for heating those parts of pressure die casting machines such as extensions, nozzles and goosenecks that need to be heated to enable the system to operate correctly.
  • the invention can be applied to hot chamber die casting machines for low melting point metals and their alloys, such as mazak, lead, tin or magnesium.
  • the apparatus and method according to the invention are not, however, restricted to these materials but may also be used in machines for pressure die casting of other metals or even plastic.
  • burners tend to heat the nozzle and the extension on one side only which causes arc distortion and loss of system perpendicularity, with the risk of damaging the nozzle tip, making it very difficult to adjust the fit between the tapers when substituting the extension and resulting in premature wear of the gooseneck.
  • Another disadvantage of gas heaters is that because the temperature is difficult to control, there is a tendency to overheat the nozzle, resulting in the steel of which the nozzle is made becoming brittle and making it necessary to change the nozzle frequently.
  • the high uncontrolled temperature applied to the extension is also the main cause of steel corrosion and the formation of holes, resulting in the need to change these parts frequently.
  • the nozzle and extension are heated by armoured heating elements wound radially or longitudinally around them (and normally placed in a protective cylindrical steel shell) or by heating elements placed inside the extension (internal heaters) .
  • One disadvantage of the former type of heating element is that they must be heated to very high temperatures in order to bring the nozzle to the required temperature. This leads to overheating of the steel and internal corrosion which reduces the working life of the extension.
  • nozzles with internal heating elements although more thermally efficient, have the disadvantage of being easily breakable and very expensive on account of the special machine processes used to make them.
  • the heating element is built into the nozzle, its power supply wires are external and make it very difficult to machine the nozzle when the coupling taper has to be reconditioned.
  • electrically heated nozzle systems the gooseneck is heated by cartridge heating elements housed in appropriate holes made around the runner and gate, and the temperature of the gooseneck is usually controlled by means of a thermocouple positioned at a point close to the heating elements. This system can give good results only if all the heating elements are in proper working order at all times .
  • thermocouple becomes either too high or too low, with the result that the gooseneck coupling taper is no longer heated in a radially uniform manner, thus becoming ovalized and allowing the injected metal to escape through the seal and come into contact with and irreversibly damage the heating elements .
  • incorrect readings of cartridge heating element temperatures if too high at certain points, also lead to irremediable damage to the gooseneck because they degrade the mechanical, chemical and physical properties of the hot working steel it is made of, resulting in leakage of the molten metal .
  • the last, and least common, type of heater for this type of application includes electrical induction heaters .
  • the nozzle is heated by copper coils with low-voltage, very high-amp power flowing through it.
  • the copper coils must of course be cooled and a very expensive power generator is required to produce the necessary power.
  • the gooseneck is heated by a cartridge heating element, as in electrical resistance systems, with all the disadvantages listed above.
  • Prior art also proposes systems (for example US patent 3,809,531) in which the nozzle of a pressure casting machine is heated by a controlled flow of hot gas obtained by a heater or burne .
  • this aim is achieved by an apparatus and a method as defined in the appended claims, providing a heater for pressure die casting machines that uses a flow of heating medium, preferably air, appropriately heated and channelled in controlled manner over one or more of the machine parts to be heated.
  • the advantages achieved by the invention lie essentially in the fact that the heating medium is made to circulate in such a way as to optimise heat exchange between the hot heating medium and the parts at the critical points in the machine, thus ensuring heating efficiency and even distribution of the heat.
  • One such advantage is that when casting starts, the heating of the gooseneck material is much more even than can be achieved with cartridge heating elements. As a result, there is no localised overheating of the gooseneck caused by excessive distance between the thermocouple and the heater, especially when the heating elements closest to the thermocouple are not working.
  • a yet further advantage is that this prevents deformation of the extension taper coupling resulting in leakage of molten metal, problems due to adjustment difficulties when changing extensions, and irremediable damage to the gooseneck caused by embrittlement and cracking of the steel .
  • substitution of the heating medium heater, when necessary, can be carried out rapidly and in a cold area, away from the heat produced by the furnace and injection system, eliminating the discomfort and risks of accidents present when working on traditional heating elements .
  • the system for heating the heating medium permits the attainment of very high temperatures - around 900°C - which means that the apparatus and method according to the invention can advantageously be used also for pressure die casting of magnesium in hot chamber machines.
  • a heater for a pressure die casting machine 100 of known type and generally comprising a gooseneck 8 consisting of a bottom part 81 designed to be submerged in the crucible 15 of a smelting furnace 17 in a bath of molten material, consisting preferably of mazak, lead, tin, magnesium or plastic, and a part 82 that remains outside the crucible .
  • the submerged part 81 is hollow and has moving inside it a reciprocating injection plunger 11 equipped with seals 10 and slidable in a cylinder 93 made in an intermediate cylinder liner or container 9.
  • the plunger 11 is actuated by a tie rod 12 equipped with a coupling 13 that connects it with a drive cylinder, not illustrated in the drawings.
  • the upstroke of the plunger 11 draws the molten metal into the injection cylinder 93 through the hole 91 that connects the cylinder 93 with the bath 15.
  • the plunger 11 forces the molten metal previously drawn into the cylinder 93 out through a conduit 92 that connects the bottom of the cylinder with the external part 82 of the gooseneck leading to an outlet chamber 83, preferably having the shape of a truncated cone.
  • the molten metal is pushed under pressure along a hollow cylindrical extension 7 , of which one tapered end 14 is attached, preferably by a pressure fit, to the chamber 83 of the gooseneck, while its other end is equipped with a nozzle 6, which may be of the insert type and which, during injection of the molten metal, is held in tight contact with the ingate 3 of a die 1, illustrated in Figure 3 and not described further because it is of known type.
  • a heater for pressure die casting machines comprises: - at least one flow generator 27, 28 producing a flow of heating medium, preferably air, and consisting, for example, of a fan; - at least one heating element 29, 30, preferably an electrical heater, capable of heating the fluid to an operating temperature varying, according to the type of molten material to be cast, from 400-500°C to approximately 900°C; - at least one conveyor 23 for channelling the flow of hot heating medium towards the parts of a pressure die casting machine 100 to be heated, consisting preferably of the extension 7 and/or the insert nozzle 6 and/or the gooseneck 8.
  • the conveyor 23 comprises a cylindrical conduit 31 which receives the flow of heating medium flowing out of the heater 29 and channels it into a sleeve 32 placed around the extension 7 in the area where the extension 7 fits into the gooseneck 8 and in contact with the gooseneck by means of a close-fitting cover 43 (preferably sealed) adhering to the surface of the gooseneck.
  • the sleeve 32 is also connected to a first tapered conduit 38 that channels the heating medium from the cylindrical conduit 31 to an intermediate part, preferably the central part, of the extension 7. From here, the heating medium flows into a cylindrical section 39 of the conveyor 23, placed around the extension 7 in such a way as to create a cavity 33 between it and the outer surface of the extension 7 itself.
  • the cavity 33 is divided by one or more sealed radial partitions 37 against the wall of ' the extension 7, thus forming at least one first longitudinal sector 36 along which the hot heating medium from the tapered conduit 38 flows towards the nozzle 6, and at least one second longitudinal sector 40 which channels the air back from the nozzle 6 to the gooseneck 8, while still exchanging heat with the extension along the way.
  • the end of the conduit 39 is equipped with a cover 24 having a central hole in it and placed around the nozzle 6 of the extension 7. The central hole in the cover 24 may be totally or partially sealed by the nozzle to form a chamber 35 which collects the hot heating medium from the first sectors 36 of the cavity 33.
  • the total or partial shutting off of the flow through the central hole in the cover 24 can be accomplished by moving the cover towards/away from the tip of the nozzle 6. This is important because adjusting the heating medium outlet makes it possible to regulate the heating of the contact point between the nozzle 6 and the ingate 3 , permitting use of any type of ingate .
  • the nozzle 6, which is of the insert type in the embodiment being described might also consist of the end of the extension 7 forming an integral part of the latter. From the chamber 35, the heating medium flows into the second longitudinal sectors 40, again coming into contact with the walls of the extension 7 until it reaches a second tapered conduit
  • the contact area between the opening of the conduit 41 and the gooseneck 8 is such as to encompass any through holes 26 in the walls of the gooseneck so as to make the hot heating medium flow through the holes 26 towards the non-submerged part of the injection plunger 11.
  • this increases the temperature of the injection plunger, causing it to expand and thus improving the seal of the scraper, plunger and gooseneck assembly and preventing the metal from solidifying on the sides of the components as happens when the injection stroke is very long and the components are worn.
  • Heating of the furnace is also accelerated, facilitating the melting of the metal crust in the melt bath and around the gooseneck, and reducing the time required to reach operating temperature after a cold start. This also reduces wear caused by contact between the components and material that has not melted completely.
  • the holes 26 may be made especially or they may be existing holes used to house the electrical heating elements in machines with electrical heating systems.
  • a conduit 25 leads into the tapered conduit 41 and channels the additional supply of hot heating medium directly to the gooseneck 8.
  • thermocouples 22, 19 for controlling the temperature of the extension 7 and of the gooseneck 8, respectively. It will be understood that the number and arrangement of the thermocouples may vary according to the geometry of the machine and the degree of precision required.
  • thermocouples unlike prior art electrical heating systems where the failure of the heating elements closest to the thermocouple creates excessive distance between the heating elements and the thermocouples and easily results in localised overheating of the gooseneck, the heating system according to the present invention, even with the same number and arrangement of thermocouples on the gooseneck, overcomes the problem of localised overheating because the same heating medium flows through all the holes and conduits and allows even distribution of the heat .
  • Figure 4 illustrates a heater according to the invention.
  • the double arrows indicate the path followed by the heating medium flowing in, the single arrow the return path followed by the heating medium after heat exchange has taken place.
  • the heating medium generator/generators is/are mounted in a safe, protected location, away from possible splashes of molten metal .
  • the passages of the conveyor/conveyors are insulated so as to reduce heat loss.
  • the conveyor is constructed in such a way that it can be fitted to the pressure die casting machine without removing the nozzle and facilitating maintenance operations such as substitution of the nozzle, extension and gooseneck.
  • the flow of heating medium channelled towards the nozzle tip and to the gooseneck can be reduced to the minimum strictly required to maintain the temperature at the required level .
  • the heating medium normally air though other fluids such as inert gases might be used
  • the heating medium may be recirculated, this having the advantage of reducing heat loss and making it possible to work in an inert or controlled atmosphere (necessary for casting magnesium alloys.
  • the heater is equipped with a fluid collector hood 44 (for example an extractor hood) , illustrated schematically in Figure 3, which collects the heating medium downstream of the system by enclosing the zone above the crucible 15, and channels it back into the flow generator/generators through recirculation conduits 45.
  • a fluid collector hood 44 for example an extractor hood
  • Figure 3 which collects the heating medium downstream of the system by enclosing the zone above the crucible 15, and channels it back into the flow generator/generators through recirculation conduits 45.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)

Abstract

Ce dispositif de chauffage de buses pour machines de moulage sous pression comporte des générateurs de flux (27, 28) produisant un flux de fluide chauffant; des systèmes de chauffage (29, 30) permettant de chauffer le fluide chauffant; et des convoyeurs (23, 24, 25) destinés à canaliser un flux de fluide chauffant chaud en direction des pièces d'une machine de moulage sous pression à chauffer. Ces convoyeurs comprennent des moyens (33, 36, 40) pour canaliser le flux de fluide chauffant chaud au moins le long des parois de la rallonge (7) de buse (6) d'une machine de moulage sous pression.
EP04769371A 2003-09-24 2004-09-08 Dispositif et procede de chauffage de pieces de machines de moulage sous pression Withdrawn EP1670606A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITBO20030553 ITBO20030553A1 (it) 2003-09-24 2003-09-24 Riscaldatore e metodo per riscaldare parti di macchine di pressofusione.
PCT/IB2004/002982 WO2005030414A1 (fr) 2003-09-24 2004-09-08 Dispositif et procede de chauffage de pieces de machines de moulage sous pression

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1670606A1 true EP1670606A1 (fr) 2006-06-21

Family

ID=34385797

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04769371A Withdrawn EP1670606A1 (fr) 2003-09-24 2004-09-08 Dispositif et procede de chauffage de pieces de machines de moulage sous pression

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1670606A1 (fr)
IT (1) ITBO20030553A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005030414A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006010084B3 (de) 2006-02-24 2007-05-03 Oskar Frech Gmbh + Co. Kg Beheizbare Dosiereinrichtung für eine Warmkammer-Druckgießmaschine
CN101462154B (zh) * 2008-11-28 2011-05-18 苏州明志科技有限公司 插入式热芯盒用水冷射嘴结构
TW201442803A (zh) * 2013-05-06 2014-11-16 hui-long Li 壓鑄機之射出頭結構
CN103671356A (zh) * 2013-12-31 2014-03-26 常州国源离合器有限公司 一种环保型水介质液压缸筒
CN113084108B (zh) * 2021-03-31 2022-07-15 成渝钒钛科技有限公司 一种连铸坯间接热送热装装置及其使用方法

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CS238680B1 (en) * 1983-12-13 1985-12-16 Stefan Micenko Apparatus for heating of a jet and jet adapter
JPH0679764A (ja) * 1991-10-08 1994-03-22 Tsugami Corp 射出成形機の射出成形部用温度制御装置
JP3502792B2 (ja) * 1999-08-03 2004-03-02 株式会社日本製鋼所 金属射出成形機のノズルカバー
JP4378010B2 (ja) * 1999-12-28 2009-12-02 三井金属鉱業株式会社 ダイカストマシン

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2005030414A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2005030414A1 (fr) 2005-04-07
ITBO20030553A1 (it) 2005-03-25

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