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EP1667798B1 - Structure d' installation de fractionnement electrodynamique - Google Patents

Structure d' installation de fractionnement electrodynamique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1667798B1
EP1667798B1 EP04764185A EP04764185A EP1667798B1 EP 1667798 B1 EP1667798 B1 EP 1667798B1 EP 04764185 A EP04764185 A EP 04764185A EP 04764185 A EP04764185 A EP 04764185A EP 1667798 B1 EP1667798 B1 EP 1667798B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrode
enclosure
energy store
reaction vessel
assembly according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP04764185A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1667798A1 (fr
Inventor
Peter HOPPÉ
Harald Giese
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Karlsruher Institut fuer Technologie KIT
Original Assignee
Karlsruher Institut fuer Technologie KIT
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Karlsruher Institut fuer Technologie KIT filed Critical Karlsruher Institut fuer Technologie KIT
Publication of EP1667798A1 publication Critical patent/EP1667798A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1667798B1 publication Critical patent/EP1667798B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
    • B02C19/18—Use of auxiliary physical effects, e.g. ultrasonics, irradiation, for disintegrating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
    • B02C19/18—Use of auxiliary physical effects, e.g. ultrasonics, irradiation, for disintegrating
    • B02C2019/183—Crushing by discharge of high electrical energy

Definitions

  • FRANKA Fr action at position Ka rlsruhe
  • the electrical circuit consists during the high voltage pulse from the energy storage C of the high voltage electrode connected thereto, the gap between the high voltage electrode and the bottom of the reaction vessel and the return line from the bottom of the vessel to the energy storage.
  • This circuit includes the capacitive, ohmic and inductive components C, R and L, which influence the shape of the high-voltage pulse (see FIG. 6 ), ie, both the slew rate and the further time course of the discharge current and thus the pulse power coupled into the load and, as a result, the efficiency of the discharge with regard to the material fragmentation.
  • the electrical energy amount Ri 2 is converted into heat during the time of the discharge current pulse. This amount of energy is thus no longer available for the actual fractionation.
  • This circuit represents a conductor loop, which is traversed by a very short period of very large currents, about 2 - 5 kA.
  • Such a structure generates intense electromagnetic radiation, thus represents a radio station high radiation power, and must be screened to avoid interference in the technical environment with technical effort.
  • such a system must be shielded by protective devices such that touching the live components during operation is not possible. This quickly leads to a comprehensive protection structure beyond the actual payload.
  • the US 3,604,641 A discloses an electrodynamic fractionation with a rechargeable electric energy storage, at the output of two electrodes are connected, one of which is at a reference potential and the other via an output switch on the energy storage pulse-like high voltage can be acted upon, a reaction vessel, which is filled with a process fluid, in which the process material is immersed and in which the two blank lying electrode ends face, and the high voltage electrode is surrounded by an insulating jacket, wherein the energy storage including output switch, the electrodes, including leads and the reaction vessel are completely in an encapsulation, the electrode on reference potential on the capsule wall is connected to the ground side of the energy store and the high voltage electrode is connected in the shortest path to the output switch on the energy store.
  • the invention has for its object to build a FRANKA system in their circuit during the high voltage pulse so that both the inductance and the ohmic resistance of the discharge circuit remains limited to a minimum and at the same time the technical effort to shield against electromagnetic radiation and to ensure Touch safety is limited to a minimum effort.
  • the existing between the enclosure and the built-in modules volume is minimized and thus limits the inductance of the system to the unavoidable minimum. This consideration of electrophysics allows the typical shortest rise time for the discharge pulse.
  • the wall thickness is at least equal to the penetration depth of the lowest component of the Fourier spectrum of the pulsed electromagnetic field, thus being decisively influenced by it.
  • the mechanical strength requires a minimum wall thickness. The necessarily larger wall thickness from one or the other of the two conditions is observed during construction.
  • the electrode is connected to reference potential via the capsule wall with the ground side of the energy store.
  • the rest of the power supply via the energy storage and the components to be temporarily placed at high voltage potential is central to encapsulation.
  • the capsule wall has a removable area for the batch (batch) operation or access for the continuous introduction (claim 3). For repairs, the capsule is anyway partially open.
  • At least one outwardly directed tube-like nozzle made of conductive material for the feed and at least one other for the removal are attached to the capsule wall for the continuous processing of Fragmentiergut. Because of the electrical shielding to the outside these are dimensioned in length and clear width such that at least the high-frequency high-frequency components in the spectrum of the electromagnetic field generated by the high voltage pulse does not escape through these nozzles or in these nozzle to the opening in the environment at least on the legally required measure be weakened.
  • the energy storage and the reaction vessel are spatially separated in the enclosure. According to claim 4 sits in the one inner end wall region of the energy storage and in the other end wall region of the reaction vessel or is formed thereof.
  • the encapsulation is a closed tubular structure and has according to claim 5 has a polygonal or round cross-section.
  • the encapsulation may be stretched but also angled at least once. The shape is determined constructively by the installation project. The simplest form is the stretched one.
  • the electrode lying at reference potential is centered in the end wall of the reaction vessel and the high-voltage electrode is centered at a distance from (claim 6).
  • the high voltage electrode is connected directly to the output switch of the energy storage.
  • This output switch is in the case of a Marx generator as energy storage the output spark gap.
  • the electrical energy store together with the output switch sits in relation to the reaction vessel in the enclosure spatially above or at the same height or spatially below.
  • the electrode reference potential usually ground electrode, centric part of the forehead or sieve bottom or ring or rod electrode.
  • the energy storage device is separated from the reaction vessel by a protective wall, so that the reaction space is separated liquid-tight from the region of the energy store.
  • the high voltage pulse between the high voltage electrode and the bottom of the reaction vessel, or the current from one to the other electrode converts the introduced electrical energy into different energy components of another kind, i.a. also in mechanical energy, in the end mechanical waves / shockwaves.
  • the high-voltage electrode is sheathed electrically insulated in its jacket area up to the end area, projects completely into the process liquid with this end area.
  • the inductance of the discharge circuit is reduced to the unavoidable minimum; the ohmic losses in the high voltage pulse circuit are also limited to an unavoidable minimum; minimum inductance and minimum ohmic resistance of the pulse circuit lead to a more efficient discharge in the load, ie to a greater energy input into this.
  • the somewhat closed construction of the system has decisive advantages. During the entire time of the HV pulse, the discharge current flows exclusively in the interior of the system. This is evident in any case for the outflow flowing to the bottom of the reaction vessel from the energy store, comprehensive pulse generator, via the high-voltage electrode and the load, reaction liquid with fractionating material, owing to the shielding function of the electrically conductive encapsulation.
  • the penetration depth into the inner wall is less than 1 mm.
  • the wall thickness of the encapsulation on the one hand necessarily takes into account the lowest frequency of the Fourier spectrum from the electrical discharge because of the penetration depth (skin effect) and the necessary mechanical strength because of the shape retention of the system.
  • the higher minimum requirement of wall thickness dominated for one of the two reasons.
  • the coaxial system is compact, manageable and accessible in terms of measurement and control technology.
  • the electric charger for the energy storage does not need to be specially screened. Its lead can be easily passed through bushings to the energy storage in the upper interior of the housing, possibly by a coaxial cable whose outer conductor contacts the housing.
  • FIG. 1 the coaxial FRANKA system is shown schematically in axial section.
  • the continuous or discontinuous operation is not respected here, here is the electrical structure in the foreground.
  • the electric charger for charging the electrical energy storage device 3 is not indicated.
  • the coaxial structure is, electrically speaking, the most advantageous. A deviation from this would only be made of constructive constraints.
  • the high-voltage pulse generator consists of the electrical memory C, as a capacitor schematized, and the inductance L and the ohmic resistor R in series.
  • the high voltage electrode 5 connects. It is electrically insulated from its electrical connection at the resistor R forth to the end region by a dielectric jacket to the environment. It opens with its bare end region 4 in the direction indicated by a lightning symbol process / reaction volume and there has a predetermined, adjustable distance to the bottom of the process / reaction vessel 3, which forms the lower part of the coaxial, hollow cylindrical housing 6.
  • the current flow during the high voltage discharge takes place in the structural components along the axis of the hollow cylindrical housing 6, flows in at least one discharge channel in the process volume to the bottom of the reaction vessel 3 and then via the housing wall 6 back into the energy storage / capacitor 1.
  • the housing 6 is connected to the reference potential "Earth" connected.
  • the inductance L and the resistance R are representative of the system inductance and the system resistance, C indicates the electrical capacity and thus the storage voltage available via the charging voltage, 1/2 C (nU) 2 , which is to be converted to the largest possible extent in the process volume.
  • FIG. 6 shows a FRANKA plant schematized in conventional construction, as it is simple for many laboratory work and is.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Compounds Of Unknown Constitution (AREA)
  • Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
  • Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Processing Of Terminals (AREA)
  • Control And Safety Of Cranes (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Steroid Compounds (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Structure d'une installation de fractionnement électrodynamique pour fragmenter, broyer ou mettre en suspension un produit friable de procédé comprenant :
    - un accumulateur d'énergie électrique (1) rechargeable avec deux électrodes reliées à sa sortie,
    * l'une des électrodes étant mise à un potentiel de référence et l'autre recevant par l'intermédiaire d'un commutateur de sortie (2), la haute tension impulsionnelle de l'accumulateur d'énergie,
    - un réacteur (3) rempli de liquide de procédé dans lequel est immergé le produit à traiter et dans lequel les deux extrémités d'électrode, mises à nu, se font face à une distance réglable à savoir la zone de réaction,
    * l'électrode (4) mise à la haute tension étant entourée d'une enveloppe isolante (5) jusqu'à la zone libre de l'électrode et plongeant avec cette enveloppe isolante de la zone d'extrémité, dans le liquide de procédé,
    * l'accumulateur d'énergie et son commutateur de sortie, les électrodes y compris la ligne d'alimentation et le réacteur étant complètement à l'intérieur d'un volume encapsulé (6),
    * l'électrode au potentiel de référence (4) étant reliée par l'intermédiaire de l'encapsulage (6) à la masse (8) de l'accumulateur d'énergie,
    * l'électrode mise à la haute tension étant reliée suivant le chemin le plus court à l'accumulateur d'énergie par l'intermédiaire du commutateur de sortie,
    structure caractérisée en ce que
    - l'encapsulage (6) est mis en tension pendant le fonctionnement et le volume entouré par l'encapsulage est minimum de façon à limiter au minimum inévitable, l'inductance ainsi que la résistance ohmique de l'installation,
    - l'épaisseur de la paroi de l'encapsulage (6) étant au moins égale à la profondeur de pénétration du champ électromagnétique pulsé par la composante la plus basse du spectre de Fourier, et cette épaisseur de paroi a au moins l'épaisseur nécessaire pour assurer la résistance mécanique.
  2. Structure selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la paroi d'encapsulage peut être partiellement enlevée ou permettre au moins un accès dans la paroi d'encapsulage pour le traitement par lots du produit à fragmenter.
  3. Structure selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisée en ce que
    pour le traitement en continu du produit à fragmenter, la paroi d'encapsulage comporte au moins un ajutage (9) tubulaire dirigé vers l'extérieur, réalisé en une matière conductrice pour la fourniture ainsi qu'au moins un autre ajutage pour le prélèvement, ces ajutages ayant une longueur et une section libre dimensionnées de façon qu'au moins les composantes de haute fréquence de plus forte puissance dans le spectre du champ électromagnétique généré par l'impulsion de haute tension, ne puissent sortir des ajutages ou soient affaiblies dans ces ajutages pour déboucher dans l'environnement, pour respecter au moins la réglementation.
  4. Structure selon les revendications 2 et 3,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la paroi d'encapsulage est un corps creux recevant une zone de paroi intérieure de l'accumulateur d'énergie et dont l'autre zone de paroi frontale constitue le réacteur.
  5. Structure selon la revendication 4,
    caractérisée en ce que
    l'encapsulage a une section polygonale ou ronde et une forme allongée ou au moins une forme coudée une fois.
  6. Structure selon la revendication 5,
    caractérisée en ce que
    l'électrode mise au potentiel de référence, est installée de manière centrée dans la paroi frontale du réacteur, l'électrode de haute tension est en regard en position centrée de l'électrode précédente et l'électrode de haute tension est reliée pour l'encapsulage, de manière coaxiale avec le commutateur de sortie de l'accumulateur d'énergie.
  7. Structure selon la revendication 6,
    caractérisée en ce que
    par rapport au réacteur, l'accumulateur d'énergie électrique y compris le commutateur de sortie, se trouvent dans l'encapsulage, au-dessus ou à la même hauteur ou en dessous dans l'espace.
  8. Structure selon la revendication 7,
    caractérisée en ce que
    l'électrode au potentiel de référence est une partie centrée de la face ou le fond en tamis ou encore elle est réalisée comme électrode annulaire ou comme électrode en forme de tige.
  9. Structure selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8,
    caractérisée en ce que
    l'accumulateur d'énergie est séparé du réacteur par une cloison protectrice.
EP04764185A 2003-10-04 2004-08-17 Structure d' installation de fractionnement electrodynamique Expired - Lifetime EP1667798B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10346055A DE10346055B8 (de) 2003-10-04 2003-10-04 Aufbau einer elektrodynamischen Fraktionieranlage
PCT/EP2004/009193 WO2005032722A1 (fr) 2003-10-04 2004-08-17 Structure d' installation de fractionnement electrodynamique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1667798A1 EP1667798A1 (fr) 2006-06-14
EP1667798B1 true EP1667798B1 (fr) 2010-12-29

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EP04764185A Expired - Lifetime EP1667798B1 (fr) 2003-10-04 2004-08-17 Structure d' installation de fractionnement electrodynamique

Country Status (14)

Country Link
US (1) US7677486B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1667798B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4388959B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN1863601B (fr)
AT (1) ATE493204T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2004277317B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2540939C (fr)
DE (2) DE10346055B8 (fr)
DK (1) DK1667798T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2358741T3 (fr)
NO (1) NO330975B1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2311961C1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005032722A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA200602737B (fr)

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DE102006037914B3 (de) * 2006-08-11 2008-05-15 Ammann Schweiz Ag Reaktionsgefäß einer hochspannungsimpulstechnischen Anlage und Verfahren zum Zertrümmern/Sprengen spröder, hochfester keramischer/mineralischer Werk-/Verbundwerkstoffe
JP5343196B2 (ja) * 2008-04-02 2013-11-13 国立大学法人 熊本大学 衝撃波処理装置
FR2942149B1 (fr) 2009-02-13 2012-07-06 Camille Cie D Assistance Miniere Et Ind Procede et systeme de valorisation de materiaux et/ou produits par puissance pulsee
FR2949356B1 (fr) 2009-08-26 2011-11-11 Camille Cie D Assistance Miniere Et Ind Procede et systeme de valorisation de materiaux et / ou produits par puissance pulsee
CA2850980C (fr) * 2011-10-10 2018-05-01 Selfrag Ag Procede de fragmentation ou d'affaiblissement de materiau au moyen d'impulsions a haute tension
JP6563652B2 (ja) * 2011-10-26 2019-08-21 インパルステク ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツングＩｍｐｕｌｓＴｅｃ ＧｍｂＨ リサイクル可能な物品を分解するための方法および装置
RU2596987C1 (ru) * 2012-08-24 2016-09-10 Зельфраг Аг Способ и устройство для фрагментации и/или ослабления материала посредством высоковольтных импульсов
AU2013403789B2 (en) * 2013-10-25 2018-02-08 Selfrag Ag Method for fragmenting and/or pre-weakening material by means of high-voltage discharges
CN103753701B (zh) * 2013-12-30 2015-12-09 华中科技大学 一种脉冲放电回收混凝土系统
US20160082402A1 (en) * 2014-09-22 2016-03-24 Seiko Epson Corporation Method of producing dispersion and apparatus for producing dispersion
WO2016134492A1 (fr) * 2015-02-27 2016-09-01 Selfrag Ag Procédé et dispositif de fragmentation et/ou d'affaiblissement d'un matériau coulant au moyen de décharges à haute tension
AU2015384093B2 (en) * 2015-02-27 2020-09-03 Selfrag Ag Method and device for fragmenting and/or weakening pourable material by means of high-voltage discharges
CN106552704B (zh) * 2016-11-07 2018-10-19 大连理工大学 一种制备菱镁矿石单体解离颗粒的方法
CN106824455B (zh) * 2017-03-31 2022-05-20 东北大学 一种用于矿石预处理的高压电脉冲碎矿装置使用方法
CN107008553B (zh) * 2017-05-24 2023-08-15 无锡市华庄电光源机械设备厂 一种不规则半导体材料破碎装置
DE102017217611A1 (de) * 2017-10-04 2019-04-04 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Verfahren zum Recyceln von Keramiken, danach erhältliche Regenerate und Verwendung der Regenerate zur Herstellung von Keramiken
DE102018003512A1 (de) * 2018-04-28 2019-10-31 Diehl Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg Anlage und Verfahren zur elektrodynamischen Fragmentierung
JP6947126B2 (ja) * 2018-06-12 2021-10-13 株式会社Sumco シリコンロッドの破砕方法及び装置並びにシリコン塊の製造方法
CN109604020A (zh) * 2018-11-28 2019-04-12 同济大学 一种压力脉冲放电分解废弃混凝土装置
AU2020267399A1 (en) 2019-05-06 2021-12-02 Kamran Ansari Therapeutic arrays of planar coils configured to generate pulsed electromagnetic fields and integrated into clothing
US11020603B2 (en) 2019-05-06 2021-06-01 Kamran Ansari Systems and methods of modulating electrical impulses in an animal brain using arrays of planar coils configured to generate pulsed electromagnetic fields and integrated into clothing
CN110193417B (zh) * 2019-07-05 2021-03-16 东北大学 一种利用高压电脉冲装置对电气石电脉冲预处理的方法
CN110193418B (zh) * 2019-07-05 2021-03-16 东北大学 一种强化锡石破碎及分选的高压电脉冲预处理方法
CN110215985B (zh) * 2019-07-05 2021-06-01 东北大学 一种用于矿石粉碎预处理的高压电脉冲装置
CN114433330B (zh) * 2022-02-08 2023-06-02 西安交通大学 一种可控冲击波破碎矿石的装置及方法
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU2311961C1 (ru) 2007-12-10
EP1667798A1 (fr) 2006-06-14
DE10346055B8 (de) 2005-04-14
DK1667798T3 (da) 2011-03-21
WO2005032722A1 (fr) 2005-04-14
ZA200602737B (en) 2007-06-27
US7677486B2 (en) 2010-03-16
JP2007507332A (ja) 2007-03-29
AU2004277317B2 (en) 2009-10-08
NO330975B1 (no) 2011-08-29
JP4388959B2 (ja) 2009-12-24
CN1863601A (zh) 2006-11-15
CA2540939A1 (fr) 2005-04-14
AU2004277317A1 (en) 2005-04-14
ES2358741T3 (es) 2011-05-13
CN1863601B (zh) 2013-02-06
CA2540939C (fr) 2011-05-03
DE10346055B3 (de) 2005-01-05
US20070187539A1 (en) 2007-08-16
NO20061991L (no) 2006-06-27
DE502004012070D1 (de) 2011-02-10
ATE493204T1 (de) 2011-01-15

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