EP1650525B1 - Shooting device - Google Patents

Abstract

The device has a firearm (16) with a magazine follower (33) and a stopper that bring a cartridge (1) into a magazine (20) in front of the entrance of a barrel (19). The barrel slides in a frame (17) until a position in which the barrel comes to stop under the action of a spring (27) against a front part of a case (2) of the cartridge. A propulsion unit of the cartridge projects the case and the barrel forwards.

Description

The invention relates to a firing device comprising a firearm and its ammunition.

More particularly, the invention relates to a semi-automatic firearm and its ammunition for launching a projectile reduced lethal projectile to be propelled at low pressure to not break.

Pyrotechnic propulsion systems requiring high-pressure combustion to provide a regular ballistic cycle, this projectile by its fragility, can not be propelled directly as in a conventional small caliber ammunition.

Usually, a firearm includes a barrel with a chamber, an extraction, ejection and feeding mechanism.

The present invention provides a firing device comprising a firearm with a chamberless barrel, and without extraction or ejection mechanism, the extraction being unnecessary and the ejection being provided by the ammunition present in the barrel. charger.

Of DE 105563 C , which forms the preamble of claim 1, there is already known a firing device comprising a firearm and its ammunition, the firearm comprising a carcass, a barrel, a magazine, a firing mechanism and the ammunition comprising one or more cartridges each in the form of a socket with a projectile and a propellant charge, the firearm comprising means for bringing a cartridge in front of the barrel entrance and resting against a carcass support member which includes the firing mechanism and that the barrel is slidable in the carcass between at least one advanced position for the emplacement and ejection of a cartridge and a retracted firing position in which the barrel abuts under the action of a return spring against the front part of the sleeve of the cartridge which is in front of the entry of the barrel.

This device does not allow automatic or semi-automatic feeding of the ammunition and requires manual action after each shot.

Usually, in a semi-automatic firearm, the ammunition is removed from the magazine and is fed into the weapon.

In the context of the present invention, the ammunition does not leave the charger during the supply phase and there is no power cycle itself.

For this purpose, the invention provides a firing device comprising a firearm and its ammunition, the firearm comprising a carcass, a barrel, a magazine, a firing mechanism and the ammunition comprising one or more cartridges each. in the form of a socket with a projectile and a propellant charge, the firearm including means for bringing a cartridge into the magazine in front of the barrel entrance and resting against a carcass support member which includes the firing mechanism and that the barrel is sliding in the carcass between at least one advanced position for the introduction and the ejection of a cartridge and a retracted shooting position in which the barrel abuts under the action a return spring against the front portion of the cartridge sleeve which is in front of the barrel entrance, characterized in that the firearm is equipped with a stop for locking the barrel in its advanced position aforesaid and a mechanized releasing the retainer controlled by the movement of a new cartridge which is put in place in front of the barrel entrance and in that each cartridge is provided with propulsion means for, after having actuated the firing mechanism , projecting the bushing and the barrel forward to move the barrel to its advanced position the sleeve (2) of the ammunition being provided with external protuberances for controlling the unlocking mechanism of the barrel retainer to stop the barrel in its advanced position.

This device therefore allows automatic use of the semi-automatic weapon, thanks to the use of a special ammunition to activate part of the mechanism of the firearm.

With a firing device according to the invention, the sleeve of the cartridge forms, so to speak, an extension of the barrel of the firearm and thus fills the function of the barrel chamber in a conventional weapon as well as part of the barrel. gun.

In this way it is avoided that the cartridge must be fed into the barrel and extracted from the barrel after firing.

There is no longer a need for power and extraction mechanisms as in the case of known weapons.

The ammunition is made to withstand the pressures that result from the firing of the propellant charge.

The invention also relates to a firearm and ammunition that can be used in a firing device according to the invention.

• la figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'une cartouche de la munition selon l'invention;
• la figure 2 est une vue éclatée de la cartouche de la figure 1;
• la figure 3 est une vue selon la flèche F3 dans la figure 1 ;
• la figure 4 est une coupe selon la ligne IV-IV de la figure 3;
• la figure 5 est une coupe selon la ligne V-V de la figure 4;
• la figure 6 est une vue en perspective d'une arme à feu selon l'invention;
• la figure 7 est une coupe selon la ligne VII-VII de la figure 6;
• la figure 8 est une vue perspective de la partie du chargeur indiquée par F8 dans la figure 7, à plus grande échelle;
• la figure 9 est une vue semblable à celle de la figure 8, mais avec une cartouche dans le chargeur;
• la figure 10 est une coupe semblable à celle de la figure 7, mais avec la munition présente dans l'arme à feu;
• la figure 11 est une coupe selon la ligne XI-XI de la figure 10 ;
• la figure 12 est une vue en perspective selon la flèche F12 dans de la figure 11 ;
• la figure 13 représente à échelle agrandie la partie indiquée par F13 à la figure 10 ;
• la figure 14 est une coupe semblable à celle de la figure 10, mais au moment d'un coup de feu ;
• la figure 15 est une vue comme celle de la figure 12, mais pour la situation de la figure 14 au moment d'un coup de feu;
• les figures 16 à 18 sont des coupes semblables à celle de la figure 10, mais à des moments consécutifs après le coup de feu;
• la figure 19 est une vue en perspective de l'arme de la figure 7, mais pendant l'éjection d'une cartouche utilisée.

For the sake of clarity, an exemplary embodiment of a firing device according to the invention, comprising a firearm and its ammunition, is described below by way of illustration and not restrictive, reference being made to the appended drawings in which:

• the figure 1 is a perspective view of a cartridge of the ammunition according to the invention;
• the figure 2 is an exploded view of the cartridge of the figure 1 ;
• the figure 3 is a view according to the arrow F3 in the figure 1 ;
• the figure 4 is a section along line IV-IV of the figure 3 ;
• the figure 5 is a section along line VV of the figure 4 ;
• the figure 6 is a perspective view of a firearm according to the invention;
• the figure 7 is a section along line VII-VII of the figure 6 ;
• the figure 8 is a perspective view of the part of the feeder indicated by F8 in the figure 7 , on a larger scale;
• the figure 9 is a view similar to that of the figure 8 but with a cartridge in the magazine;
• the figure 10 is a cut similar to that of the figure 7 but with the ammunition present in the firearm;
• the figure 11 is a section along line XI-XI of the figure 10 ;
• the figure 12 is a perspective view according to the arrow F12 in the figure 11 ;
• the figure 13 represents on an enlarged scale the part indicated by F13 on the figure 10 ;
• the figure 14 is a cut similar to that of the figure 10 but at the moment of a shot;
• the figure 15 is a view like that of the figure 12 but for the situation of the figure 14 at the time of a shot;
• the Figures 16 to 18 are cuts similar to that of the figure 10 but at consecutive moments after the shot;
• the figure 19 is a perspective view of the weapon of the figure 7 , but while ejecting a used cartridge.

The Figures 1 to 6 represent a cartridge 1 of the ammunition of the firing device according to the invention.

This cartridge 1 consists of a sleeve 2 which contains two chambers 3 and 4 which are separated from each other by means of a partition wall 5.

The chamber 3 at the front of the cartridge 1, called the low pressure chamber, is a cylindrical chamber which is open at the front and which houses a projectile 6 which is crimped in this chamber against the partition wall 5.

For the sake of understanding, the terms front and back are defined relative to a user of a firearm targeting a target in front of him.

The chamber 4 in the rear part of the cartridge 1, called the high pressure chamber, comprises means for projecting the bushing 2 which are formed by a piston 7 which is fitted into this chamber, this piston 7 being able to slide in the longitudinal direction of the bushing 2 and being provided with a propulsive charge 8 crimped in a longitudinal passage 9 passing through the piston 7.

The two chambers 3 and 4 are interconnected through at least one vent hole 10 or a series of vent holes.

In order to launch the projectile 6 with a steady speed, the propellant charge is contained in an annular or center-fire percussion firing cartridge (or alternatively a primer optionally provided with an additional load).

The cartridge is made to withstand the maximum pressure in the high pressure chamber 4 which results from the firing of the propellant charge 8 in the event of firing, which makes it possible to produce a firearm whose barrel does not have bedroom.

In order to produce the ammunition economically, the bushing 2 and the piston 7 are made of plastic.

In order to protect the projectile 6 from external shocks, it is preferably placed entirely inside the low pressure chamber 3.

The edge of the front portion 15 of the sleeve 2 is chamfered so that this portion is slightly conical.

The bushing 2 of the cartridge 1 comprises two lateral faces 11 and 12 which are provided with external protuberances called forward lugs 13 and rear lugs 14, with the aim of holding it in the weapon and activating part of the mechanism of the firearm.

The figures 6 and 7 represent a firearm 16 according to the invention, this firearm 16 comprising a carcass 17 with a handle 18, a barrel 19, a magazine 20 housed in the handle 18, a firing mechanism 21 which is housed in a bearing element 22 for the munition forming part of the carcass 17 and which is controlled by a trigger 23, and an ejection window 24 for the ammunition which is positioned in the extension and in front of the outlet 25 of the magazine 20 and which is covered with a pivotable flap 26 which at the same time serves as a lateral deflector for the ejected munition.

The barrel 19 is mounted in the casing 17 in a sliding manner in the axial direction of the barrel 19.

A return spring 27 is mounted between the front end of the carcass 17 and a shoulder 28 of the barrel 19 located at a distance from the mouth 29 of the barrel 19.

The rear portion of the barrel 19 is provided with a second shoulder 30 located at a distance from the inlet 31 of the barrel 19.

The inlet 31 of the barrel 19 is provided with a concentric ring 32 having an inside diameter that is equal to or slightly larger than the outside diameter of the front portion 15 of a bushing 2 of a cartridge 1 as described.

This ring is slightly chamfered so as to obtain a conical entry.

The inside diameter of the barrel 19 is equal to or slightly greater than the inside diameter of the low pressure chamber of a cartridge 1.

In the example shown, the magazine 20 of the firearm 16 is integrated in the handle 18, although it is not excluded to provide a separate magazine 20.

The magazine 20 is provided with means for bringing a cartridge into the magazine 20 in front of the entry 31 of the barrel 19 and bearing against the support element 22 of the carcass 17, these means being formed, on the one hand, by a conveyor 33 which pushes the munition towards the outlet 25 of the magazine 20 and, on the other hand, by one or two stops 34 mounted at the exit of the magazine 20, more especially on the inside faces of two elongated lateral sides 35 of the magazine 20 these stops 34 being able to cooperate with the rear lugs 14 of the cartridges 1.

The stops 34 are positioned so that a cartridge 1 which is brought in front of the barrel 19 is aligned therewith and so that the propellant charge is in front of the firing mechanism 21.

The lateral flanks 35 are provided at the front of two additional stops 36.

The firearm 16 is provided with a stop for locking the barrel 19 in an advanced position, this stop being made in the form of a rocking lever 37 which is provided with a return spring 38 and a first end 39 can cooperate with the shoulder 30 of the barrel 19.

The other end 40 of the rocking lever 37 can cooperate with a release mechanism controlled by the movement of a new cartridge when it is put in place in front of the inlet 31 of the barrel 19.

This locking mechanism is made for example by a pusher 41 slidable in the carcass 17 in the direction of transport of the munition in the magazine 20, the pusher being provided with a notch 42 which houses the second end 40 of the rocking lever 37 of the stop and which is provided with a cam 43 which can cooperate with a front pin 13.

The use and operation of the firing device are simple and are illustrated as follows by means of drawings 10-19.

The figure 10 shows a firearm 16 comprising a few cartridges 1 in the magazine 20, a cartridge 1 is ready to be drawn and which is embedded between the support element 22 and the inlet 31 of the barrel 19, the piston 7 being bearing against this element 22 with the propellant charge in front of the firing mechanism 21.

The gun 19 is in this situation in a retracted firing position in which the barrel 19 abuts against the front portion 15 of the bushing 2 of the cartridge 1 under the action of the return spring 27.

As indicated in more detail in the figure 12 , the front pin 13 raises the pusher 41 which tilts the lever 37 to move the end 39 of the barrel 19.

The figure 13 shows that in this situation the front portion of the sleeve 2 is fitted into the ring 32 of the inlet 31 of the barrel 19 and is centered in this ring 32.

When the firing mechanism 21 is actuated by the trigger 23 to fire, the propellant charge 8 is initiated and pressurized gases will fill the high pressure chamber 4.

As a result, the piston 7 being in support, the sleeve 2 is thrown forward and carries the barrel 19 in its movement, as shown in FIG. figure 14 .

The high pressure gases can escape through the vent holes 10 to the low pressure chamber 3, to propel the projectile 6 via the barrel 19 as in the figure 14 .

The seal between the barrel 19 and the sleeve 2 is achieved inter alia by the overlap between the barrel 19 and the front portion 15 of the sleeve 2 and in that this front portion 15 is made of plastic material which is pushed against the barrel 19, the inertia of the barrel 19 to create a significant contact pressure entered the front portion 15 and the barrel 19, creating the desired seal.

After the exit of the projectile 6, the sleeve 2 is stopped in its movement by the stops 36, while the barrel continues its forward movement, compressing the return spring 27, as indicated in FIG. figure 16 .

By the movement of the bushing 2 towards the front, the lug 13 is disengaged from the cam 43 of the pusher 41, as represented in FIG. figure 15 , which thereby no longer retains the rocking lever 37 which consequently pivots under the action of the spring 38 until the front end 39 touches the barrel.

In this way, the rocking lever 37 serves as a stop for the shoulder 30 when the barrel 19 moves back forward under the action of the spring 27 and stops the barrel 19 in an advanced position as shown in FIG. figure 17 to allow ejection of the cartridge 1 fired.

At the same time the cam 43 falls behind the front pin 13 and prevents the recoil of the sleeve 2 and the piston 7 is deformed by the gas pressure which allows the piston 7 remains locked in the sleeve 2 by friction and removes the need a stopper between the sleeve 2 and the piston 7.

The empty cartridge 1 is no longer held by the stops 34, it is ejected through the ejection window 31 under the action of the conveyor 33 of the magazine 20 which pushes the following cartridges 1 to the output 21 of the magazine 20 as shown in the figures 18 and 19 .

The movement of the new cartridge 1 will do again mount the pusher 41 which thereby release the stop of the barrel 19 which can move back to support the new cartridge 1 against the support element 22 to obtain a new starting situation, ready to draw a new faith, as represented in the figure 10 .

It is clear that the invention is not only limited to firearms with a munition for launching a reduced lethal projectile, but can also be applied for other types of ammunition.

Although the sockets 2 and the pistons 7 of the cartridge 1 are preferably made of plastic, it is not excluded to manufacture them in other materials.

A firearm according to the invention can also be made in the form of a rifle, grenade launcher, or other types of weapons.

The projectile 6 is preferably completely housed in the low pressure chamber 3 of the cartridge 1, but may also at least partially extend beyond the front opening of the low pressure chamber 3 of the cartridge 1.

The gun stop and the locking mechanism of this stop can of course be realized in another way than described.

The seal between a cartridge 1 and the barrel 19 can be made in other forms than by the interlocking of the front portion 15 of the sleeve 2 in the entry of the barrel 6.

It is obvious that the invention is not limited to the example described above but that many modifications can be made to the weapon and ammunition described above without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.

Claims (22)

1. Firing device comprising a firearm and its munition, the firearm (16) comprising a body (17), a barrel (19), a loader (20), a firing mechanism (21) and the munition comprising one or more cartridges (1), each in the form of a cartridge case (2) with a projectile (6) and a propulsive charge (8), the firearm (16) comprising means to feed a cartridge (1) into the loader (20) before entering the breech (31) of the barrel (19) and supported against a supporting element (22) of the body (17) which comprises the firing mechanism (21), and that the barrel (19) is sliding in the body (17) between at least one forward position for loading and ejecting a cartridge (1) and a backward firing position in which the barrel (19) comes to a stop under the action of a return spring (27) against the front part (15) of the cartridge case (2) of the cartridge (1) which is here before entering the breech (31) of the barrel (19), characterised in that the firearm (16) is fitted with a catch to lock the barrel (19) in its abovementioned forward position and an unlocking mechanism for the catch controlled by the movement of a new cartridge (1) which is loaded into the front of the breech (31) of the barrel (19) and in which each cartridge (1) is provided with means of propulsion in order to, after having activated the firing mechanism (21), throw the cartridge case (2) and the barrel (19) forward so as to move the barrel (19) towards its forward position, the cartridge case (2) of the munition being provided with external protuberances capable of controlling the unlocking mechanism for the catch of the barrel (19) in order to stop the barrel (19) in its forward position.
2. Device according to claim 1, characterised in that the firearm (16) is provided with a stop (36) to limit forward movement of the cartridge (2).
3. Device according to claim 2, characterised in that the cartridge case (2) of the cartridges (1) includes two side walls (11-12), one of which is provided with at least one fin (13), this fin (13) capable of engaging with the stop (36) to limit the forward movement of the cartridge case (2).
4. Device according to claim 2, characterised in that the stop (13) to limit the forward movement of the cartridge case (2) is located on the loader (20).
5. Device according to claim 1, characterised in that the means of projection are formed by a piston (7) which is accommodated in a high pressure chamber (4) provided in the rear part of the cartridge case (2), this piston (7) being able to slide in the longitudinal direction of the cartridge case (2) and being fitted with a propulsive charge (8) mounted in a longitudinal passage (9) of the piston (7).
6. Device according to claim 5, characterised in that the propulsive charge is positioned such that this charge is opposite the firing mechanism when the cartridge is fed into the breech of the barrel.
7. Device according to claim 5, characterised in that the cartridge case (2) of the cartridges (1) comprises a low pressure cylindrical chamber (3) which is open at the front and which accommodates the projectile (6), this chamber being separated from the high pressure chamber (4) by a separating wall (5) and intercommunicating with this high pressure chamber (4) through at least one venting hole (10).
8. Device according to claim 1, characterised in that the cartridge (1) is manufactured so as to bear the pressures in the cartridge which result from firing the propulsive charge (8).
9. Device according to claim 5, characterised in that the cartridge case (2) and the piston (7) are made from a plastic material.
10. Device according to claim 1, characterised in that the means for feeding a cartridge into the loader (20) opposite the breech (31) of the barrel (19) are formed by a transporter (33) in the loader (20) which pushes the munition towards the exit (25) from the loader (20) and by a stop (34) at the exit (25) from the loader (20).
11. Device according to claim 1, characterised in that the stop (34) at the exit (25) from the loader (20) is part of the loader (20).
12. Device according to claim 10, characterised in that the cartridge case (2) of the cartridges (1) includes two side faces (11-12), one of which is fitted with at least one fin (14) on one of these faces (11-12), this fin (14) being able to engage with the stop (34) at the exit (25) from the loader (20).
13. Device according to claim 12, characterised in that the stop (34) at the exit (25) from the loader (20) and the fin (14) engaging with this stop (34) are designed in a manner such that the fin (14) is released from the stop (34) when the cartridge case (2) is thrown forwards by the means of projection in order to be able to eject the cartridge (1) used by means of the transporter (33) in the loader (20).
14. Device according to claim 13, characterised in that the firearm (16) is provided with an ejection aperture (24) in the extension of the exit from the loader.
15. Device according to claim 14, characterised in that the ejection aperture (24) is covered by a pivotable ejection shutter (26).
16. Device according to claim 1, characterised in that the catch is produced in the form of a tilting lever (37) which is provided with a return spring (38) and in which a first end (39) can engage with a shoulder (30) of the barrel (19) and in which the second end (40) can engage with the unlocking mechanism.
17. Device according to claim 16, characterised in that the unlocking mechanism is implemented by a slide (41) sliding in the direction of movement of a new cartridge (1) when this is fed into the breech (31) of the barrel (19), and which is provided with a notch (42) which accommodates the second end (40) of the catch and which is provided with a cam (43) able to engage with a fin (13) placed on a side face (11-12) of the cartridge case (2) of the cartridge (1) fed into the breech (31) of the barrel (19).
18. Device according to claim 1, characterised in that the diameter of the low pressure chamber (3) which accommodates the projectile (6) is equal to or slightly less than the internal diameter of the barrel (19).
19. Device according to claim 18, characterised in that the breech (31) of the barrel (19) is provided with a concentric ring (32) having an internal diameter which is equal to or a little larger than the external diameter of the front part (15) of the cartridge case (2) of a cartridge (1).
20. Device according to claim 19, characterised in that the ring (32) of the barrel (19) has a conical breech and that the front part (15) of the cartridge (2) is also conical.
21. Firearm being provided for a firing device according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a body (17), a barrel (19), a loader (20), a firing mechanism (21) for a munition comprising one or more cartridges (1), each in the form of a cartridge case (2) with a projectile (6) and a propulsive charge (8), means to feed a cartridge (1) into the loader (20) before entering the barrel (19) and supported against a supporting element (22) of the body (17), which includes the firing mechanism (21), the barrel (19) being sliding in the body (17) between at least one forward position for loading and ejecting a cartridge (1) and a backward firing position in which the barrel (19) is brought to a stop by the action of a return spring (27) against the front part (15) of the cartridge case (2) of the cartridge (1) which is in front of the breech (31) of the barrel (19), characterised in that the firearm (16) is equipped with a catch to lock the barrel (19) in its abovementioned forward position and a mechanism for unlocking the catch intended to be controlled by the movement of a new cartridge which is loaded into the breech of the barrel(19) and in which the firearm (16) is intended to fire with cartridges (1) provided with means of propulsion in order to, after having activated the firing mechanism (16), throw the cartridge case (2) of the cartridge (1) forwards in order to move the barrel into its forward position, the cartridge case of the munition being provided with external protuberances capable of controlling the unlocking mechanism of the catch of the barrel (19) in order to stop the barrel (19) in its forward position.
22. Cartridge incorporating a cartridge case (2) with a projectile (6) and a propulsive charge (8), the cartridge (1) being intended for a firing device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the cartridge (1) is provided with means of propulsion in order to, after firing the propulsive charge (8), throw the cartridge case (2) forwards, the cartridge (1) being supported against a supporting element (22) of the body (17) of the firing device, the cartridge case (2) of the munition being provided with external protuberances capable of controlling the unlocking mechanism for the catch of the barrel (19) in order to stop the barrel (19) in its forward position.

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