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EP1647770A2 - Procédé pour influencer la qualité de résidus d'incinération d'une installation d'incinération - Google Patents

Procédé pour influencer la qualité de résidus d'incinération d'une installation d'incinération Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1647770A2
EP1647770A2 EP05021820A EP05021820A EP1647770A2 EP 1647770 A2 EP1647770 A2 EP 1647770A2 EP 05021820 A EP05021820 A EP 05021820A EP 05021820 A EP05021820 A EP 05021820A EP 1647770 A2 EP1647770 A2 EP 1647770A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
combustion
residues
fuel
combustion residues
amount
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP05021820A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1647770A3 (fr
EP1647770B1 (fr
Inventor
Johannes Martin
Oliver Dr. Gohlke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Martin GmbH fuer Umwelt und Energietechnik
Original Assignee
Martin GmbH fuer Umwelt und Energietechnik
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Martin GmbH fuer Umwelt und Energietechnik filed Critical Martin GmbH fuer Umwelt und Energietechnik
Priority to PL05021820T priority Critical patent/PL1647770T3/pl
Publication of EP1647770A2 publication Critical patent/EP1647770A2/fr
Publication of EP1647770A3 publication Critical patent/EP1647770A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1647770B1 publication Critical patent/EP1647770B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/002—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor characterised by their grates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2202/00—Combustion
    • F23G2202/10—Combustion in two or more stages
    • F23G2202/106—Combustion in two or more stages with recirculation of unburned solid or gaseous matter into combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2207/00—Control
    • F23G2207/10—Arrangement of sensing devices
    • F23G2207/101—Arrangement of sensing devices for temperature
    • F23G2207/1015—Heat pattern monitoring of flames
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2207/00—Control
    • F23G2207/20—Waste supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2207/00—Control
    • F23G2207/30—Oxidant supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2207/00—Control
    • F23G2207/60—Additives supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
    • F23G2900/55—Controlling; Monitoring or measuring
    • F23G2900/55009—Controlling stoker grate speed or vibrations for waste movement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2229/00—Flame sensors
    • F23N2229/20—Camera viewing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for influencing the properties of combustion residues from an incinerator, in particular a waste incineration plant, in which the fuel is burned on a furnace grate and accumulating ungeschmölzene and / or unsintered combustion residues are fed back into the combustion process.
  • the combustion residues usually come from the ash content of the fuel and fall as a grate ash - often called slag - in the purifier. But it can also be fly ash from the boiler or the exhaust filter system.
  • the Rostaschen can also contain metals, glass or ceramic parts.
  • a method of this kind is known from DE 102 13 788.9 A 1.
  • the combustion control is performed so that in the combustion bed of the main combustion zone, a portion of the combustion residues melts and / or sintered and the non-molten and / or sintered combustion residues are deposited at the end of the combustion process and fed back to the combustion process.
  • Non-molten and / or sintered combustion residues in the form of slag fine fraction have, for example, higher calcium oxide contents and lower iron oxide contents than the average composition of the combustion residues. This means that can be increased by the made according to DE 102 13 788.9 A1 feedback of slag fine fraction of the average lime content of the combustion residues over time.
  • the combustion parameters are to be understood here to be those quantities which are not set directly via control devices but result from the combustion conditions. These include, for example, fuel bed temperature, combustion chamber temperature, steam production and O 2 content in the exhaust gas.
  • the fuel composition (calorific value, Water content, ash content) is considered as a combustion parameter because it can not be directly influenced or adjusted in the case of waste.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method by means of which the sintering and / or melting process of substantially all solid combustion residues in the fuel bed can be ensured.
  • the selected fractions of the combustion residues have a particle size of 2 mm to 10 mm.
  • scrap metal and in particular iron scrap is used as an additive.
  • This scrap can be recovered from the grate ash by known separation techniques or from an external source.
  • the metal scrap is comminuted prior to addition.
  • the crushed metal scrap can have a grain size of 1 to 20 mm.
  • the combustion or partial combustion of this scrap produces metal oxides and locally strong heat releases, which have an advantageous effect on the melting and sintering behavior impact. This is especially the case when the basicity of the combustion residues is thereby reduced.
  • x is the mole fraction of the oxidic constituent based on an average composition of the combustion residues.
  • a particularly preferred type of recycling is given when the addition of scrap metal is metered so that the basicity B of the combustion residues is between 0.3 and 0.7.
  • a preferred type of metal scrap addition is given when the basicity of the combustion residues is controlled by the intensity of comminution of the scrap added as an aggregate or recycled.
  • the crushing of the metal scrap is intensified if the basicity of the combustion residues is above a predetermined threshold between 0.3 and 0.7.
  • the return of the combustion residues can be carried out directly into the combustion chamber. It is advantageous if the recirculation of the combustion residues takes place on the Feuerungsrost.
  • a particularly preferred type of recycling is given when the recirculation of the combustion residues is carried out on the feed table.
  • the influencing of the combustion process can be carried out in a particularly advantageous manner by observing a significant combustion parameter which can be seen in the position of the burn-out zone. For example, if the burnout zone travels toward the discharge end of the furnace grate, which is a consequence of the decreasing calorific value of the fuel / residue mixture present on the furnace grate, then less combustion residue will be added. In contrast, the amount of combustion residue to be recycled can be increased as the burnout zone migrates toward the feed end.
  • An essential combustion condition is the fuel mass applied per unit time.
  • an important combustion parameter is the fuel calorific value and also the moisture and the ash content of the fuel.
  • the moisture of the fuel can be determined before reaching the combustion chamber, for example, by using a microwave detector, which is arranged in the region of the feed chute for the fuel. At high moisture content decreases with the same composition of the fuel whose calorific value, so that less combustion residues can be led back and vice versa.
  • combustion parameter is the height of the fuel bed temperature and the temperature distribution on the fuel bed. This combustion parameter can z. B. be monitored by means of an infrared camera. Higher temperatures of the fuel bed give the possibility of recycling higher amounts of combustion residues and vice versa.
  • Another essential combustion condition is the amount of combustion air, both the primary and the secondary combustion air amount and optionally the amount of recirculated exhaust gas.
  • Another essential combustion condition is the temperature of the combustion air, which is set by means of an air preheater, for example.
  • the combustion process can be greatly influenced, as can be exerted on the regulation of the oxygen content, a significant influence on the primary combustion and in particular on the Brennbetttemperatur.
  • combustion air supply Another essential combustion condition is the location of the combustion air supply.
  • a particularly sensitive control can be achieved in that the combustion grate is subdivided both in the longitudinal direction and in the transverse direction into several sub-wind zones, which are acted upon by respectively adjusted amounts of primary air and oxygen.
  • Another essential combustion condition with which the combustion process can be significantly influenced is the speed of rusting and the rusting rate Duration of the stoke resulting in the recirculation rate of the fuel within the fuel bed.
  • a reverse slide inclined in the direction of the discharge end in which, for example, every second step of the grate can be moved and the intermediate grate steps are made stationary.
  • the fuel is constantly circulated on its way from the task end to the discharge end, so that fuel parts that were on the top of the fuel bed for a certain length of stay, get down again on the rust, creating a good mixing of already glowing fuel with fresh abandoned fuel in the initial area and good ventilation and loosening in the lower area, towards the discharge end, located area is achieved.
  • the heat release and on the other hand the pollutant emission can be used, which influence these tolerance limits.
  • 1,000 kg of waste, with an ash content of 220 kg, are placed on a grate furnace and thereby burned in such a way that a proportion of 25 to 75% of the incineration residues produced is already converted into completely sintered slag.
  • the total combustion residues, including those already returned are 340 kg. Of these 320 kg fall into a wet slagger, and are deleted in this and discharged.
  • a separation process which includes a screening and optionally a washing process and a magnetic metal deposition, 190 kg of fully sintered inert material and 30 kg of scrap iron are separated.
  • the granules and part of the scrap iron are sent for recycling.
  • the amount of scrap iron that is recycled depends on the basicity of the combustion residues.
  • the combustion system shown schematically in FIG. 2 comprises a feed chute 1 into which the fuel is fed, a feed table 2 with a feed element 3, which conveys the fuel into the combustion chamber 4.
  • 3a designates a controllable drive device which makes it possible to regulate the feed quantity as a function of a combustion parameter.
  • the fuel denoted by 5 falls on a Feuerungsrost 6, which is designed as a back pressure grating and 7 performs Schür Gayen by a drive.
  • the drive 7 acts on the transmission member 8 with which each second grate stage is connected, so that each stationary grate stage is followed by a stationary grate stage.
  • a control device 7a allows a controllable drive in order to be able to regulate the speed of quenching as a function of other combustion parameters.
  • five different sub-chambers 9a - 9e are provided in the longitudinal direction, which also still divided in each case in the transverse direction are so that the primary combustion air can be adjusted in terms of quantity and distribution to the respective requirements on the firing grate.
  • the supply of the primary combustion air via a schematically indicated blower 10 and the control of the amount of combustion air via not shown valves in the individual supply lines 11a - 11e.
  • the control of the amount of combustion air takes place via a control device designated 10a.
  • 12 and 13 are secondary air nozzles, which emanate from a supply line 14 and 15 and introduce secondary air into the combustion chamber 4.
  • the slag and other combustion residues fall into a wet slagger 16, from which they are fed to a separating device 17.
  • the non-sintered or unmelted residual slag is then added via a line 18 in the task area above the feed table 3 the fuel and thus passes back to the Feuerungsrost.
  • the separating device denoted by 17 is intended to symbolize only in a schematic way the separation process explained in connection with Figure 1.
  • An infrared camera 19 monitors the combustion process on the grate 6.
  • a central control unit 20 influences various control devices 3a for the control of the task quantity, 7a for the quenching speed, 10a for the primary air quantity and 21a for the amount of oxygen, which via a distributor 21 the individual primary air chambers 9a -. 9e is supplied.
  • the aim of this method is to re-supply the unmelted or unsintered combustion residues to the combustion process.
  • the control device 3a is influenced via a central control unit 20, for example, in order to control the feed quantity.
  • the control device 10a is controlled via a central control unit 20, for example, in order to control the feed quantity.
  • the control device 10a is controlled via a central control unit 20, for example, in order to control the feed quantity.
  • Another influencing possibility, starting from the central control unit 20, is the ability to influence the control device 7a in order to change the speed of warping.
  • a controller 21a which is also influenced by the control unit 20, regulates the amount of oxygen that can be supplied to the individual sub-chambers 9a - 9e.
  • the control unit 20 regulates the amount of oxygen that can be supplied to the individual sub-chambers 9a - 9e.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
EP05021820.5A 2004-10-14 2005-10-06 Procédé pour influencer la qualité de résidus d'incinération d'une installation d'incinération Expired - Lifetime EP1647770B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL05021820T PL1647770T3 (pl) 2004-10-14 2005-10-06 Sposób wpływania na właściwości pozostałości po spalaniu ze spalarni

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004050098A DE102004050098B4 (de) 2004-10-14 2004-10-14 Verbrennungsanlage, insbesondere Abfallverbrennungsanlage

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1647770A2 true EP1647770A2 (fr) 2006-04-19
EP1647770A3 EP1647770A3 (fr) 2008-05-14
EP1647770B1 EP1647770B1 (fr) 2017-05-10

Family

ID=35517404

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05021820.5A Expired - Lifetime EP1647770B1 (fr) 2004-10-14 2005-10-06 Procédé pour influencer la qualité de résidus d'incinération d'une installation d'incinération

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US7640872B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1647770B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4707527B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2523376C (fr)
DE (1) DE102004050098B4 (fr)
DK (1) DK1647770T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2635098T3 (fr)
NO (1) NO335849B1 (fr)
PL (1) PL1647770T3 (fr)
RU (1) RU2005131829A (fr)
SG (2) SG170095A1 (fr)
TW (1) TW200622149A (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8939094B2 (en) 2008-05-29 2015-01-27 Martin GmbH fuer Umwelt—und Energietechnik Incineration plant and method for controlling an incineration plant

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006026434B3 (de) * 2006-06-07 2007-12-13 Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Schlackequalität von Rostfeuerungsanlagen
AT512353A1 (de) * 2012-01-11 2013-07-15 Siemens Ag Oesterreich Verfahren zur regelung einer verbrennungs- und/oder vergasungseinrichtung
JP7568480B2 (ja) * 2020-11-04 2024-10-16 株式会社タクマ ごみ焼却施設

Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0862019B1 (fr) 1997-02-28 2003-01-08 Alstom Procédé et dispositif pour le traitement thermique des cendres volantes des incinérateurs à grille
DE10213788A1 (de) 2002-03-27 2003-10-23 Martin Umwelt & Energietech Verfahren zur Beeinflussung der Eigenschaften von Verbrennungsrückständen aus einer Verbrennungsanlage

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NO881415L (no) * 1988-03-29 1989-10-02 Elkem Technology Behandling av stoev og aske fra forbrenningsanlegg ved koprosessing med spesialavfall og/eller metallisk skrap.
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US6199492B1 (en) * 1992-02-26 2001-03-13 KüNSTLER JOHANN HANS Process for melting down combustion residues into slag
ATE173332T1 (de) 1992-02-26 1998-11-15 Hans Kuenstler Verfahren zum einschmelzen von verbrennungsrückständen in schlacke
SG47890A1 (en) 1993-04-20 1998-04-17 Martin Umwelt & Energietech Method for burning fuels particularly for incinerating garbage
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DE10050575C5 (de) * 2000-10-12 2009-10-29 Martin GmbH für Umwelt- und Energietechnik Verfahren zum Verbrennen von Abfallprodukten
AT410287B (de) * 2001-05-25 2003-03-25 Tribovent Verfahrensentwicklg Einrichtung zum pyrometallurgischen aufarbeiten von abfallstoffen
US6415453B1 (en) * 2001-09-11 2002-07-09 Abraham Anderson Low temperature thermal insulation garment utilizing the wearer's exhalant
JP3795022B2 (ja) 2002-03-27 2006-07-12 三菱重工業株式会社 燃焼プラントで生成された燃焼残さの特性を改善する方法、及び該残さを処理する方法
DE10213790B4 (de) * 2002-03-27 2006-05-24 Martin GmbH für Umwelt- und Energietechnik Verfahren zur Abfallverbrennung in einer Abfallverbrennungsanlage
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0862019B1 (fr) 1997-02-28 2003-01-08 Alstom Procédé et dispositif pour le traitement thermique des cendres volantes des incinérateurs à grille
DE10213788A1 (de) 2002-03-27 2003-10-23 Martin Umwelt & Energietech Verfahren zur Beeinflussung der Eigenschaften von Verbrennungsrückständen aus einer Verbrennungsanlage

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8939094B2 (en) 2008-05-29 2015-01-27 Martin GmbH fuer Umwelt—und Energietechnik Incineration plant and method for controlling an incineration plant

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU2005131829A (ru) 2007-04-20
NO20054667D0 (no) 2005-10-11
NO20054667L (no) 2006-04-18
TW200622149A (en) 2006-07-01
JP4707527B2 (ja) 2011-06-22
NO335849B1 (no) 2015-03-09
US7640872B2 (en) 2010-01-05
EP1647770A3 (fr) 2008-05-14
CA2523376A1 (fr) 2006-04-14
TWI366649B (fr) 2012-06-21
EP1647770B1 (fr) 2017-05-10
PL1647770T3 (pl) 2017-10-31
SG121993A1 (en) 2006-05-26
SG170095A1 (en) 2011-04-29
DK1647770T3 (en) 2017-08-28
ES2635098T3 (es) 2017-10-02
JP2006118853A (ja) 2006-05-11
DE102004050098A1 (de) 2006-04-20
US20060081161A1 (en) 2006-04-20
DE102004050098B4 (de) 2007-05-31
CA2523376C (fr) 2009-09-22

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