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EP1641713A1 - Milieu de fermentation comprenant des eaux usees et son utilisation - Google Patents

Milieu de fermentation comprenant des eaux usees et son utilisation

Info

Publication number
EP1641713A1
EP1641713A1 EP20040736046 EP04736046A EP1641713A1 EP 1641713 A1 EP1641713 A1 EP 1641713A1 EP 20040736046 EP20040736046 EP 20040736046 EP 04736046 A EP04736046 A EP 04736046A EP 1641713 A1 EP1641713 A1 EP 1641713A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fermentation
wastewater
process according
biomass
waste
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP20040736046
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Anne Belinda Thomsen
Helene Bendstrup Klinke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Danmarks Tekniske Universitet
Original Assignee
Riso National Laboratory
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Riso National Laboratory filed Critical Riso National Laboratory
Publication of EP1641713A1 publication Critical patent/EP1641713A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
    • C12N1/14—Fungi; Culture media therefor
    • C12N1/16—Yeasts; Culture media therefor
    • C12N1/18—Baker's yeast; Brewer's yeast
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/28—Anaerobic digestion processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
    • C12P7/02—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group
    • C12P7/04—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group acyclic
    • C12P7/06—Ethanol, i.e. non-beverage
    • C12P7/08—Ethanol, i.e. non-beverage produced as by-product or from waste or cellulosic material substrate
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

Definitions

  • Another proposal calls for sewage to be destructively distilled while on a travelling grate in an open system.
  • Organic material is thermally decomposed at temperatures between about 450°C and about 1100°C in the absence of oxygen. Some 34-36% of the starting material remains at the completion of the process. Most of the gas produced during the process is consumed in the process and the gas which is not so consumed is heavily di- luted with carbon dioxide and nitrogen and is not suitable for use in the chemical industry or release to the atmosphere.
  • Wastewater derived from sewage comprises a range of compounds such as dissolved organic matter (proteins, sugars, fats etc), nutrient salts, minerals, and metals, thus, with- out an efficient cleaning technology, it becomes a hazard for the environmental stability.
  • Other types of compounds present in wastewater are compounds such as sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, sulphur, phosphorus, nitrogen, iron, copper, iodine, fluorine, chlorine cobalt etc.
  • Nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorous serve as nutrients for a range of microorganisms. These compounds have been linked to dangerous toxic microorganisms such as Pfisteria piscicida. Pfisteria is believed to be responsible for major fish kills and disease events in several Mid-Atlantic States and may pose a risk to human health. Nitrogen and/or phosphorus stimulate aquatic algae growth, thus depleting water bodies of oxygen and killing fish and other aquatic organisms. Nutrient pollution comes from runoff of excess fertilisers, industrial wastewater, municipal wastewater, animal sewage, and other diffuse sources, as well as from wastewater treatment plants and some industries.
  • the present invention discloses a suitable process and medium utilising wastewater derived from sewage for the fermentation of useful products, such as ethanol. Additionally, it has been found possible to replace nutrients, minerals and/or water conventionally added to fermentation media as pure compounds by using wastewater derived from sewage. Thereby, it has become possible to provide a cheap and efficient process and medium for the production of fermentation products.
  • the present invention also discloses a fermentation medium comprising wastewater, which thereby limit the additional supplementation of nutrients, minerals and/or water.
  • This fermentation medium is useful in the production of a fermentation product in the petrochemical industry, pharmaceutical industry, biotech industry, chemical industry, and food and feed industry.
  • the sewage may be separated into two phases (i) an aqueous phase (wastewater) and (ii) a solid phase.
  • the separation of the two phases is as described later.
  • the supply of nutrients, minerals and/or water 15 constitutes a significant part of the costs involved in the fermentation process.
  • the present inventors surprisingly found that naturally occurring water, nutrients and minerals originally present in the wastewater are preserved and used in a fermentation process, in the present context also referred to as "the mandatory fermentation process". In this way the process and the fermentation medium according to the present 20 invention becomes much cheaper than conventionally used processes and fermentation media and relieve the pressure on the environment.
  • the content of ammonium in wastewater is in the range of 500-10,000 mg/l, such as 1,000-8,000 mg/l, e.g. 1,500-6,000 mg/l, such as 2,000-2,500 mg/l, such as 2,000-4,000 mg/l.
  • solutions or substrates relates to different types of me- dia or aqueous solutions with or without nutrients, minerals, carbohydrate-containing materials, vitamins, detergents, amino acids, lipids and salts.
  • the wastewater may be sterilised prior to being subjected to the mandatory fermentation process.
  • solids, microorganisms, chemicals or enzymes may be removed or deacti- vated from the wastewater by any conventional process for such removal or deactivation, such as sterilisation by e.g. heating, boiling or cooking, simple filtration, chromatography, microfiltration, diafiltration, centrifugation or neutralisation.
  • the biomass material is a carbohydrate-containing material (hexoses and pentoses) including a glucan and pentosan containing material such as a lignocellulosic material, starch containing material, cellulose, starch, an organic waste material, household wastes, paper materials, paper pulp, return paper, straw, maize stems, forestry waste (log slash, bark, small branches, twigs and the like), sawdust, wood-chips, simple monomeric sugars and molasse from sugar beet or sugar cane.
  • a carbohydrate-containing material hexoses and pentoses
  • a glucan and pentosan containing material such as a lignocellulosic material, starch containing material, cellulose, starch, an organic waste material, household wastes, paper materials, paper pulp, return paper, straw, maize stems, forestry waste (log slash, bark, small branches, twigs and the like), sawdust, wood-chips, simple
  • biomass in the form of low-cost by-products from gardening such as garden refuse, waste materials from agriculture, forestry, the timber industry and the like.
  • processes of the invention are applicable to any kind of hemicellulose-con- taining lignocellulosic materials.
  • Relevant materials thus include wooden or non-wooden plant material in the form of stem, stalk, shrub, foliage, bark, root, sugar beet pulp, shell, pod, nut, husk, fibre, vine, straw, hay, grass, bamboo, sugar cane bagasse, or reed, singularly or in a mixture.
  • the ratio between the solid carbohydrate-containing material and the wastewater is in the range of 1:99-1: 1, preferably in the range of 1:49-1: 2, e.g. in the range of 1:9-1:4.
  • the initial proportion of carbohydrate- containing material in wastewater will be in the range of 0.02-1 kg/litre of wastewater, often 0.05-0.35 kg/litre, such as 0.05-0.25 kg/litre, depending on the form, bulk and/or dimensions of the lignocellulosic material.
  • the process of the invention at the highest practicable ratio between carbohydrate-containing material and wastewater i.e. at the highest ratio which permits adequate mixing of the carbohydrate-containing material in the wastewater comprising the oxidising agent and which leads to a satisfactorily high rate of degradation of carbohydrate-containing material.
  • a grinding step e.g. milling, abrading, grinding, crushing, chopping, chipping or the like
  • enhancing e.g., the physical mobility, mixability, ratio of surface area to mass and the like of the material.
  • the slurry obtained in step (ii) contains, calculated on the total carbohydrate content, at the most 90% microbially femnent- able sugars, e.g. at the most 80% microbially fermentable sugars, such as at the most 70% microbially fermentable sugars, e.g. at the most 60% microbially fermentable sugars, such as at the most 50% microbially fermentable sugars, e.g. at the most 40% microbially fermentable sugars, such as at the most 25% microbially fermentable sugars and e.g. at the most 5% microbially fermentable sugars.
  • a suitable microorganism is selected depending on the product of interest.
  • the microorganism is selected from the group consisting of bacteria, yeast and fungi.
  • the mandatory fermentation process may be either an anaerobic fermentation process or an aerobic fermentation process or a combination hereof.
  • the mandatory fermentation process is substantially not a methane producing fermentation process.
  • the term "substantially” relates to that the mandatory fermentation at the most produces 1% methane, such as at the most 0.5%, including at the most 0.1%.
  • a suitable microorganism for this purpose includes a mesophilic microorganism (i.e. one which grows optimally at a temperature in the range of 20-40°C), e.g. a yeast including Saccharomyces cerevisiae, also referred to as "baker's yeast”.
  • any microorganism capable of converting xylose to ethanol can be used in the process according to the invention.
  • Useful microorganisms include e.g. certain types of thermophiles (i.e. organisms which grow optimally at an elevated temperature, typically a temperature in excess of about 50°C) and genetically engineered microorganisms derived therefrom.
  • a suitable organism for the ethanol fermentation is selected from the group consisting of Ther- moanaerobacter species including T. mathranii, Zymomonas species including Z. mobilis and yeast species such as Pichia species.
  • An example of a useful strain of T. mathranii is described in Sonne-Hansen et al. (1993) or Ahring et al. (1996) where said strain is designated strain A3M4.
  • a useful ethanol-fermenting organism can be selected from a genetically modified organism of one of the above useful organisms having, relative to the organism from which it is derived, an increased or improved ethanol-fermenting activity.
  • genetically modified bacterium is used in the conventional meaning of that term i.e. it refers to strains obtained by subjecting an organism to any conventionally used mutagenization treatment including treatment with a chemical muta- gen such as ethanemethane sulphonate (EMS) or N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitroguanidine (NTG), UV light or to spontaneously occurring mutants, including classical mutagenesis.
  • mutants of the above mentioned organism can be provided by such technology including site-directed mutagenesis and PCR techniques and other in vitro or in vivo modifications of specific DNA sequences once such sequences have been identified and isolated.
  • lactic acid or other desired products such as vitamins, antibiotics, amino acids and colours
  • the industrially most useful lactic acid bacteria are found among Lactococcus species, Streptococcus species, Lactobacillus species, Leuconostoc species, Pediococcus species and Brevibacte um species.
  • the strict anaerobes belonging to the genus Bifidobacterium is generally included in the group of lactic acid bacteria.
  • a group of lactic acid bacterial species which are used as so-called probiotics or used in the fermentation of probiotics include e.g.
  • Lactobacillus johnsonii Lactobacillus crispatus, Lactobacillus gasseri, Lactobacillus casei, Lactocoocus lactis subsp. cremoris, Lactobacillus paracasei subsp.
  • acetic acid species from Aetobactor spp. are useful or Closteridium thermoaceticum.
  • Closteridium thermoaceticum For the fermentation of propionate and butyrate Closte d- ium propionicum and Closteridium tyrobutyricum, respectively, can be used.
  • Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus may be used in the production of hydrogen and different kind of species of Penicillium are useful in the production of various kinds of antibiotics.
  • vitamins organisms such as Propi- onibacteria shermanii (B12) and Corynebacterum sp. (vitamin C) are useful.
  • An example of an amino acid producing species is Corynebacterium glutamicum which produces the amino acid L-lysine and colours may be produced by Curvularia lunata (Anthraquinone).
  • the mandatory fermentation process is performed using a mixed culture of organisms.
  • This mixed culture may comprise at least one type of microorganism capable of producing the product of interest and at least one type of microorganism capable of reducing the level of inhibitory substances. Examples of the latter type of organisms are disclosed below.
  • the fermentation process and the fermentation medium according to the invention also can be useful in the production of cell biomass of a selected microorganism such as a bacteria, a fungi such as Mucor indicus or yeast, such as S. cere- visiae.
  • a selected microorganism such as a bacteria, a fungi such as Mucor indicus or yeast, such as S. cere- visiae.
  • the sewage, biomass or waste- water itself may by subjected to a treatment for the release of nutrients, minerals and/or water as well as for releasing any carbohydrate-containing material already present in the sewage, biomass or wastewater and making the carbohydrate-containing material more accessible for the microorganisms used in the mandatory fermentation.
  • a treatment of the sewage, biomass and wastewater can be a thermal treatment, an optionally fermentation/digestion, enzymatic treatment, acid hydrolysis, wet oxidation, steam explosion, filtration or any combination thereof.
  • a wet oxidation or elevated temperature treatment e.g. thermal treatment or steam explosion of carbohydrate-containing material may be used.
  • Such treatments are water consuming so it is an embodiment of the present invention to use the provided wastewater during such treatments.
  • wastewater during thermal treatment the wastewater can function directly as process water, due to this high temperature treatment the wastewater will also be sterilised.
  • steam explosion as described below water is mainly needed before a high temperature steam pre-treatment for presoaking and after a treatment as a fermentation medium; in this case, as well as other similar cases, the provided wastewater need to be sterilised before added to the treated biomass (as described later).
  • the pretreated, untreated biomass and/or the biomass slurry is hydrolysed by enzymatic treatment and/or chemical hydroly- sis, this chemical hydrolysis may either be by acidic treatment or by alkaline treatment.
  • wet oxidation and “wet-oxidative” as used herein refers to a process which takes place in an aqueous medium, i.e. sewage, wastewater, liquid water or a liquid medium containing at least a substantial proportion of water, in the presence of an oxidising agent which reacts oxidatively with one or more components or species present (as a solid or solids, and/or in dissolved form) in the medium.
  • an oxidising agent which reacts oxidatively with one or more components or species present (as a solid or solids, and/or in dissolved form) in the medium.
  • the process normally takes place at an elevated temperature, i.e.
  • Oxidising agent as mentioned above relates mainly, but is not limited, to oxygen or hydrogen peroxide that under suitable concentrations and under suitable conditions of temperature and reaction time are appropriate for use in a wet-oxidative process in the manner of the invention.
  • Hydrogen peroxide is highly soluble in water, is readily available commercially as aqueous solutions of concentration ranging from relatively dilute (e.g. hydrogen peroxide concentrations of around 3% or 5% w/w) to relatively concentrated (e.g. hydrogen peroxide concentrations of about 30-35% or 30-49 w/w) and is, like oxygen, a very acceptable oxidising agent from an environmental point of view.
  • the initial concentration of hydrogen per- oxide in the liquid, aqueous medium is typically in the range of 0.5-10% w/w.
  • the wet oxidation and the steam explosion convert a large portion of the biomass material to C0 2 , H 2 0 and simpler, more oxidised organic compounds, mainly low-molecular weight carboxylic acids.
  • the fermentation medium comprises a biomass material which may be a carbohydrate-containing material as described above.
  • the biomass material may be, as discussed above, pretreated by thermal treatment, wet oxidation, steam explosion, dilute sulphuric acidic or other relevant acids, alkaline solutions, organic solvents or any combination hereof before being subjected to fermentation.
  • the pretreated or untreated biomass is hydrolysed by enzymatic treatment or chemical hydrolysis, as discussed above.
  • the fermentation medium is one wherein the ratio between the above discussed carbohydrate-containing material and the wastewater is in the range of 1:99-1 : 1, preferably in the range of 1:49-1:2, including the range of 1:9-1:4.
  • the fermentation medium according to the present invention may be used in the production of a fermentation product selected from the group consisting of ethanol, lactic acid, acetate, propionate, butyrate, formate, hydrogen, H 2 , C0 2 , vitamins, antibiotics, amino acids, colours, proteins, enzymes and cell biomass.
  • Pre-treated wheat straw Wheat straw was treated by wet oxidation using 60 g in one litre of wastewater heated to 195°C for 10 minutes at initial 12 bars of oxygen pressure (giving a total pressure of 20 bars); after the treatment the slurry was cooled and filtered and washed with 200 ml of water.
  • the composition of the wet oxidised wheat straw is seen in Table 2.1: Table 2.1: Chemical composition of pre-treated wheat straw and untreated wheat straw.
  • This example illustrates that two different cellulosic materials, wheat straw and paper pulp respectively, each being mixed with wastewater derived from thermally treated and an- aerobically digested sewage can serve as the only substrates without addition of urea.
  • Table 2.2 shows the ethanol produced during fermentation of wet oxidised wheat straw and paper pulp respectively in wastewater (derived from thermally treatment and anaerobic digestion) with and without addition of urea also as indicated in Figure 4.
  • Table 2.2 Ethanol yield measured by HPLC.
  • Wastewater The wastewater used in this example was obtained from wet oxidised slaughterhouse waste, i.e. meat and bone flour (MBF).
  • MBF meat and bone flour
  • the content of MBF is shown in Table 3.1.
  • Wet oxidation (WO) of meat and bone flour was carried out in a 2 L loop autoclave treating 1 litre of water containing 100 g MBF at 200°C for 15 minutes with 12 bars of 0 2 in the headspace of the reactor of one litre. After the treatment the suspension was filtered into a liquid and a solid fraction.
  • the ash content of MBF before wet oxidation was 41.6% and after wet oxidation 83.4% (corresponding to 46.2 g mainly inorganic particles) showing that a significant amount of the organic components (protein) were dissolved during the wet oxidation process.
  • the liquid fraction was analysed for Na + , K + and NH 4 + (Table 3.2).
  • the anaerobic digestion was performed in bluecap-flasks with yeast locks by adding methanogens to the liquid and leaving it on a lab shaker at anaerobic conditions for 6 days after which the organic carbon fraction was reduced by 2.6 g/L measure by weight loss.
  • the anaerobic digested sample was then sterilised to stop biological activity.
  • Simultanous saccharification and fermentation also referred to the mandatory fermentation, was carried out in blue cap flasks with yeast locks.
  • the dry matter content of wet oxidised wheat straw was 8%.
  • wet oxidised MBF and/or wet oxidised and anaerobically digested MBF can serve as the only substrate in an ethanol fermentation without addition of additional nutrients such as urea.
  • wastewater derived from MBF can be an essential component in a fermentation medium the production of a fermentation product selected from the group consisting of ethanol, lactic acid, acetate, propionate, butyrate, formate, hydrogen, H 2 , C0 2 , vitamins, antibiotics, amino acids, colours, proteins, enzymes and cell biomass.
  • a fermentation product selected from the group consisting of ethanol, lactic acid, acetate, propionate, butyrate, formate, hydrogen, H 2 , C0 2 , vitamins, antibiotics, amino acids, colours, proteins, enzymes and cell biomass.
  • This example illustrates that wastewater derived from wet oxidised manure can be used in ethanol fermentation.
  • the wastewater used in this example was obtained from digested manure obtained from a biogas plant containing 3% solid matter followed by a wet oxidiation.
  • Wet oxidation of manure (see composition in Table 4.2) was carried out in a 2 L loop autoclave treating 1 litre of manure at 200°C, 15 minutes with 12 bars of 0 2 supplied to the headspace of the re- actor of one litre. After the treatment no more solid was present and also the odour was vanished.
  • the liquid fraction was analysed for Na + , K + and NH + (Table 4.1).
  • the anaerobic digestion was performed in bluecap-flasks with yeast locks by adding methanogens to the liquid and leaving it on a lab shaker at an- aerobic conditions for 6 days after which the organic carbon fraction was reduced by 0.6 g/L measure by weight loss.
  • the anaerobic digested sample was then sterilised to stop biological activity.
  • WO wheat straw was used as biomass material in this example.
  • WO wheat straw was prepared by wet oxidation of 60 g of wheat straw in one litre of water supplied with 2 g Na 2 C0 3 at 195°C, for 12 minutes with 12 bars of oxygen added to the headspace of the reactor volume of one litre. After the treatment the cooled suspension was filtered and the filter cake was analysed (Table 4.2) for its content of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and ash. The filter cake was stored in a climate chamber before used as substrate in the fermentations.
  • FIG. 8 The cellulose conversion during ethanol fermentation and the production of ethanol are shown in Figures 8 and 9, respectively.
  • This example illustrates that wastewater derived from manure can be used as a source for water and nutrients in an ethanol fermentation using wet oxidised wheat straw as a carbon source.
  • the highest ethanol yield was produced using wastewater derived from manure which only had been treated by wet oxidation, suggesting that an anaerobic digestion of the wastewater is not needed.
  • the fermentation was completed after 170 hours reaching a level of 23 g/l. This corresponded to about 98% conversion of the cellulose.
  • wet oxidised manure and/or wet oxidised and anaerobically digested manure can serve as the only substrate in an ethanol fermentation without addition of nutrients such as urea.
  • wastewater derived from manure can be an essential component in a fermentation medium the production of a fermentation product selected from the group consisting of ethanol, lactic acid, acetate, propionate, butyrate, formate, hydrogen, H 2 , C0 2 , vitamins, antibiotics, amino acids, colours, proteins and enzymes.
  • This example illustrates that wastewater as well as the glucan containing solids derived from wet oxidised household waste can be used in ethanol fermentation.
  • Household waste was collected from a municipal waste treatment plant in Frederikssund (Denmark). It consisted of source-sorted kitchen waste (Table 5.1) shred- ded to ⁇ 1 mm and enriched with wheat straw (8%) for stabilization of the waste. 60 g MSW in one liter of water was treated by wet oxidation for 10 minutes at 195°C, supplemented with 2 g of Na 2 C0 3 and 12 bars of oxygen added to the headspace of the reactor volume of one liter. After the treatment the reactor was cooled and the suspension filtered. Table 5.1 Chemical composition of raw and treated household waste
  • Both the filter cake and filtrate were used in the fermentation as biomass material and wastewater, respectively. Fermentations were carried out with and without addition of urea. Liquefaction was obtained using 5 FPU/g DM (celluclast and Novozym 188, 5: 1) at 50°C for 24 hours after which the suspensions were cooled and supplied with more enzymes, 20 FPU/g DM (celluclast and Novozym 188, 5: 1) together with 0.3% w/v dry Bak- ers yeast. The fermentations were carried out at 32°C and the ethanol production measured by weight loss due to C0 2 and ethanol production (g/L), as described in Example 1.
  • FIG. 10 The production of ethanol is shown in Figure 10.
  • This example illustrates that wastewater as well as the solid fraction derived from household waste (HW) can be used as a source for water and nutrients and substrate in an ethanol fermentation and that the solid phase of the waste contains sufficient carbon for a fermentation.
  • HW household waste
  • the fermentation was completed after 250 hours reaching a level of 23 g/l.
  • the final ethanol yield corresponded to a glucan conversion of 81-82%.
  • wastewater derived from household waste can be an essential component in a fermentation medium the production of a fermentation product selected from the group consisting of ethanol, lactic acid, acetate, propionate, butyrate, formate, hydrogen, H 2 , C0 2 , vitamins, antibiotics, amino acids, colours, proteins, enzymes and cell biomass.
  • Thygesen A., Thomsen, A.B., Schmidt, A.S., J ⁇ rgensen, H., Ahring, B.K. & Olsson, L. 2003. Production of cellulose and hemicellulose-degrading enzymes by filamentous fungi cultivated on wet oxidised wheat straw. Enzyme and Microbial Technology 32:606-615.

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Abstract

La présente invention se rapporte à un milieu de fermentation comprenant des eaux usées et à un procédé de production des produits de fermentation, notamment de l'acide lactique, à un produit de carburant, par exemple de l'éthanol ou une biomasse cellulaire au moyen d'eaux usées d'égouts, à savoir les égouts municipaux, les déchets d'abattoirs, les déchets domestiques ou le fumier. Le procédé consiste à : (i) fournir les eaux usées, (ii) ajouter une matière biomasse aux eaux usées de l'étape (i) afin d'obtenir une suspension de biomasse, et (iii) soumettre la suspension de l'étape (ii) à un procédé de fermentation afin d'obtenir un produit de fermentation, et (iv) séparer le produit de fermentation obtenu à l'étape (iii).
EP20040736046 2003-06-06 2004-06-04 Milieu de fermentation comprenant des eaux usees et son utilisation Withdrawn EP1641713A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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US47634003P 2003-06-06 2003-06-06
DKPA200300839 2003-06-06
PCT/DK2004/000385 WO2004108609A1 (fr) 2003-06-06 2004-06-04 Milieu de fermentation comprenant des eaux usees et son utilisation

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EP1641713A1 true EP1641713A1 (fr) 2006-04-05

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