EP1506838B1 - Tool for the machining of shaft surfaces for bearings - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a tool for machining bearing points of shafts, in particular camshafts, with the features of the preamble of claim 1. Such Tool is known from US-B-6,431,954.

For waves it is known that these multiple bearings by which the shaft is not only stored but also be supported against deflection. Camshafts have in addition to these bearings usually nor the bearings radially superior cams or Seal seats on, which also need to be edited. These Machining is usually done in that the surfaces the bearing points, the cam and sealing seats ground and then be finished. This results in the cam and at the sealing seats a projecting in the axial direction Burr that enters the oil circuit of an internal combustion engine, if not removed first. To this ridge too remove the shaft after grinding another Processing step are subjected to the burr is stripped off by means of a special tool. This Processing step is time consuming, as the shaft in the appropriate machine used and this must be removed again.

From US-B-6,431,954 a method and a Apparatus for simultaneous grinding and micromachining known from workpieces. The grinding is done by means of a a grinding spindle arranged grinding wheel and the Finishing is carried out by means of a finishing stone, attached to a separate microfinishing unit is. Although the work can be done simultaneously but the mechanical complexity is relatively high. Also in US-A-3,596,410 several grinding operations can be performed be carried out simultaneously, but this must be the Abrasive tools have a very special shape, which is why they often have to be judged.

The invention is therefore based on the object, a tool to prepare for machining, with which the Wave can be processed faster, with the machine Effort should be low.

This task is solved with a tool that has the features of claim 1.

With the tool according to the invention can thus simultaneously the bearings machined and the cams or sealing seats be deburred. The workpiece does not have to be in one special, intended for deburring Used processing device and this removed again become. In this case, the processing element with which the Bearing is processed, and the deburring tool, with in which the cams and sealing seats are deburred, at one be provided common tool or on a Processing tongs can be arranged, which are the shaft between them receives. The tool according to the invention is for everyone Wave types usable. The following is mainly on Camshaft reference, but this is not should be understood restrictive.

In order to decouple the movements of the deburring tool, which oscillates together with the shaft in the axial direction is moved from the processing element in a simple manner realize, the deburring tool is on an axis parallel to Wave slidable slide attached. This sled performs the same movements as the wave and is in Tool holder slidably mounted.

To the plant of the Entgratfingers on the front side of the Deburring shaft section even at high frequency Ensuring oscillation oscillations is the slide in the direction of the shaft section to be deburred spring force. This can be done by a mechanical, hydraulic or pneumatic spring done. This will also applied enough pressure on the ridge, so this with Safety is stripped from the front.

To a shaft several storage locations and a corresponding number To edit or deburr cams or sealing seats, are the machining element and the deburring tool on provided with the same tool holder, so each with a the tool holder a bearing element gefinisht and one or several cams or sealing seats can be deburred, wherein the axially adjacent bearing point and the corresponding Cams and sealing seats with the tools of the next Tool holder machined or deburred. The Tool holders can mutually each other attack opposite to the shaft.

According to a preferred embodiment, the Machining element a grinding wheel, a finish element, e.g. a finishing stone or a finishing tape in particular with a contact shoe, his. In this way, the burr already be removed when grinding the bearings or a degree caused by the grinding can occur during subsequent machining process, that is, when finishing be removed from the storage. In any case, is to Removal of the burr no separate processing step, i. Deburring process required.

In a preferred embodiment it is provided that the deburring tool at least one radially to the shaft having aligned deburring, the at the front side abuts the shaft portion to be deburred. This Entgratfinger is at the radial approach of the tool the bearing also radial to be deburred Moved shaft section so that it at the front, from which the ridge protrudes, comes to rest. Will the wave set in rotation, then at the same time the bearing machined and the deburring finger is over the front of the Striped to be deburred shaft section. The ridge becomes thereby canceled.

To the deburring finger in the axial direction of the Processing element, in particular of the movements of To decouple processing element is the Entgratfinger under pretensioning on the front side of the to be deburred Shaft section on.

Since when finishing the bearing of the rotational movement of the shaft also an oscillatory movement running in the axial direction is superimposed, the deburring of the Oscillation movement of the wave can follow. Since the Entgratfinger under bias, that is with a Impact pressure on the front side of the to be deburred Rests wave section, this can the axial movements follow the wave section easily, what further down is described in more detail.

As with a shaft against deflection supporting Deposit this deposit usually between two Cam is provided is at a preferred Embodiment on both sides of the processing element respectively provided at least one deburring tool. In this way can edit two storage locations simultaneously Deburring cam or sealing seats. It is also conceivable that all lugs and collars are deburred simultaneously.

It should be noted that a camshaft is usually two Having provided at their ends sealing seats over which the Camshaft by means of two shaft seals to the outside is sealed.

In a preferred embodiment, in particular at a processing element designed as a finish element provided that the machining element and the Deburring tool in the axial direction next to each other. In The direction of rotation can change the machining element by an angle of be arranged offset up to 90 ° to the deburring tool. With This tool will handle both the machining element as well the deburring tool from the same side to the shaft moved up and the grinding or finishing and deburring takes place on the same side of the shaft, so this on the radially opposite side only be supported got to. To support a machining tool that serves also designed with tape.

In the tool holder according to the invention is at least one Deburring tool carrying carriage slidably mounted. This slide is guided on guide thorns and by a Pressurized spring so that it is against the force of Spring can be moved out of its rest position.

Further advantages, features and details of the invention emerge from the dependent claims.

Figur 1

eine Seitenansicht einer eine zu bearbeitende Welle zwischen sich aufnehmende Bearbeitungszange mit zwei erfindungsgemäßen Werkzeugen;

Figur 2

einen Querschnitt durch das erfindungsgemäße Werkzeug gemäß Figur 3;

Figur 3

eine Ansicht in Richtung des Pfeils III-III gemäß Figur 2;

Figur 4

einen Schnitt IV-IV gemäß Figur 2 durch das Werkzeug; und

Figur 5

eine Draufsicht der Welle mit zwei anliegenden Werkzeugen.

In the drawing show:

FIG. 1

a side view of a shaft to be machined between receiving processing pliers with two tools according to the invention;

FIG. 2

a cross section through the tool according to the invention according to Figure 3;

FIG. 3

a view in the direction of arrow III-III of Figure 2;

FIG. 4

a section IV-IV according to Figure 2 by the tool; and

FIG. 5

a plan view of the shaft with two adjacent tools.

FIG. 1 shows a total of 10 Processing pliers with two to each pivot bearing 12 or 14 pivotally mounted pivoting arms 16 and 18, at their free ends are each provided with a tool 20, and between them include a shaft 22 to be machined. The two pivot arms 16 and 18 are pressurized, so that processing shoes 24 a finishing belt 26 with a predetermined pressure on a bearing to be machined bearing 28 of Press shaft 22. After the editing process is the Finishing tape 26, as is well known, by a predetermined Distance traveled in the direction of arrow 30 on.

The tool 20 has, as seen in Figure 2, a Tool holder 32, attached to the free end of each Swivel arm 16 and 18 is screwed by means of screws 34.

At this tool holder 32 are two screwed Bearing blocks 36 (Figure 3), with which two guide pins 38th held parallel to the axis. In addition, the carries Tool holder 32 a bearing pin 40, which also extends parallel to the guide pins 38.

As can be seen in FIG. 2, the machining shoe 24, which e.g. made of Vulkollan, directly on the tool holder 32 set and thus on the pivot arms 16 and 18 in Axial direction of the shaft 22 fixed. In place of Vulkollan the processing bowl can also be made of steel.

FIG. 3, which shows a front view of the tool 20, leaves next to the processing shoe 24 each two as Deburring fingers 42 detect deburring tools 43 formed, wherein each Entgratfinger 42 on a separate slide 44th is attached. The slides 44 are in turn of the Guiding mandrels 38 penetrated so that they to this are stored displaceably. In addition, extend between the carriage 44 and a collar 46 and clamping sleeves 48 of the Bearing pin 40 a total of four compression springs 50, each urge two of the carriages 44 toward each other. This means that the carriages 44 are pressurized in this way, that the outer slide 44 axially outward and the two inner carriage 44 axially inwardly, that is in the direction of the machining shoe 24 against the force of the compression springs 50 can be moved. In this case, the Entgratfinger 42 each apart.

FIG. 5 shows a section of the shaft 22, which with two bearings 28 is provided, to each of which a Finishing belt 26 is applied and from a processing shoe 24th is pressed. Located on both sides of the bearings 28 each two cams 52 and 54, at the end faces 56th and 58 each one of the Entgratfinger 42 abuts. In the Resting position, the Entgratfinger 42 a distance from each other which is smaller than the width of the cams 52 and 54, so that when sliding the Entgratfinger 42 on the cam 52nd and 54 these are pushed apart by the sledges 44 on the guide pins 38 against the force of the springs 50th be moved. The sliding of the deburring fingers 42 is facilitated by the deburring fingers 42 at their free Ends have an inlet slope 60.

If the shaft 22 is rotated, then a by grinding the circumferential surface 62 of the cams 52 and 54 resulting ridge 64, the exaggerated in the figure 5 is shown, and in the axial direction on the front side 56 and 58 projects, stripped from the Entgratfingern 42. At the same time, the bearing 28 from the finishing belt 26th edited, that is finished. There, as in FIG. 5 shown, the tools 20 at radially opposite Make the shaft 22 and offset from each other to be used can, the shaft 22 in a working pass completely finished as well as deburred.

Because the Entgratfinger 42 each on a carriage 44th are fixed, and the carriage 44 by sliding Mounting on guide pins 38 in the axial direction of the shaft 22nd are decoupled from the tool holder 32, the Entgratfinger 42 in the direction of the double arrow 66 occurring oscillating vibrations of the shaft 22, the for Finishing the bearing 28 is required to follow. The Deburring fingers 42 are thus with respect to the shaft 22nd bewegungsentgekoppelt.

It should be noted that each machining shoe 24 a Support member 70 is radially opposite, which also a shoe 68 and with the also the finishing tape 26 to the opposite side of the bearing 28th is pressed, whereby the pressure forces of the pivot arms 16 and 18 are supported.

The tool 20 according to the invention can also without Finish machining so used only for deburring become.

Claims (8)

1. Tool (20) for machining bearing points (28) of shafts (22), in particular cam shafts, with a machining element that can be positioned on the bearing point (28) and in particular a supporting element (70) opposite the bearing point (28), wherein viewed in the axial direction alongside the machining element a deburring tool (43) is provided, which at the same time deburrs the end face (56, 58) of a portion of the shaft next to the bearing point (28) when viewed in the axial direction, characterised in that the deburring tool (43) is secured to a carriage (44) that is diplaceable parallel to the axis of the shaft (22), and the carriage (44) is spring-loaded in the direction of the portion of the shaft to be deburred, and in that the machining element and the deburring tool (43) are provided on the same tool holder (32) and at least one carriage (44) supporting the deburring tool (43) is displaceably mounted in the tool holder (32).
2. Tool according to claim 1, characterised in that the machining element is a grinding wheel, a finishing element, for example, a finishing stone or a finishing strip (28) with a contact element, such as for example a machining shoe (24).
3. Tool according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the deburring tool (43) has at least one deburring finger (42) aligned radially to the shaft (22), which finger is in contact with the end face (56, 58) of the portion of the shaft to be deburred.
4. Tool according to claim 3, characterised in that the deburring finger (42) rests with biasing on the end face (56, 58) of the portion of the shaft to be deburred.
5. Tool according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least one deburring tool (43) is in each case provided on both sides of the machining element.
6. Tool according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the machining element and the deburring tool (43) are located adjacent to one another in the axial direction to the shaft (22).
7. Tool according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the carriage (44) is guided on guide mandrels (38).
8. Tool according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the supporting element is also a machining element.

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