EP1576060A1 - Nanoskalige kern-hülle-teilchen sowie deren herstellung - Google Patents
Nanoskalige kern-hülle-teilchen sowie deren herstellungInfo
- Publication number
- EP1576060A1 EP1576060A1 EP02795132A EP02795132A EP1576060A1 EP 1576060 A1 EP1576060 A1 EP 1576060A1 EP 02795132 A EP02795132 A EP 02795132A EP 02795132 A EP02795132 A EP 02795132A EP 1576060 A1 EP1576060 A1 EP 1576060A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- core
- shell
- particles
- nanoscale
- inorganic material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/22—Compounds of iron
- C09C1/24—Oxides of iron
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/18—Non-metallic particles coated with metal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/36—Compounds of titanium
- C09C1/3607—Titanium dioxide
- C09C1/3653—Treatment with inorganic compounds
- C09C1/3661—Coating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/50—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
Definitions
- the invention relates to methods for producing nanoscale particles with a so-called core and at least one so-called shell, and corresponding core-shell particles themselves.
- core-shell particles hereinafter also referred to as core-shell particles
- core-shell particles As an example, the area of UV pigments and here in particular the production of coated titanium dioxide should be emphasized.
- titanium dioxide As a semiconductor material, titanium dioxide has a band gap at 3.2 eV and is therefore able to absorb UV rays. However, it can only be used as an inorganic UV absorber if its surface is provided with one or more protective layers.
- the absorption of UV light forms reactive intermediate stages, so-called electron-hole pairs, in the crystal lattice of titanium dioxide. Since the diffusion rates of the electrons and the holes are significantly greater than the recombination rate, these reactive intermediates migrate to the powder surface and destroy the matrix surrounding the powder.
- a protective covering around nanoscale particles can only be applied using wet chemical processes (physical processes would lead to agglomerates of the nanoparticles due to the high temperatures), but wet chemical processes also rely on the particles to be coated being isolated from one another before and during the coating process available.
- a change in the pH of the solution is often indispensable if the casing is to be applied by a wet chemical process, usually a precipitation process. It is crucial that the precipitation should take place very homogeneously. Local dropwise addition of a base is completely unsuitable for this, even with stirring.
- a homogeneous change in pH is possible, e.g. B. by the decomposition of urea or similar organic compounds, which are destroyed to form ammonia.
- the decomposition is usually initiated by applying an elevated temperature.
- a pH change initiated in this way occurs spontaneously and usually very quickly, since an equilibrium is established very quickly.
- the object of the present invention is to provide certain nanoscale particles with a so-called core and at least one so-called shell, which are almost free of agglomerates or even completely free of agglomerates.
- corresponding processes for the production of such core-shell particles are said to be be developed.
- the disadvantages of the prior art described should be avoided or at least largely excluded.
- nanoscale particles of an inorganic material with a particle size ⁇ 100 nm are used as the core for producing nanoscale core-shell particles.
- at least one metal is applied as a shell, in solution or in suspension by means of a radiation-induced redox reaction.
- the redox reaction is preferably induced by UV radiation.
- the metal applied as a shell can be copper or silver.
- a metal layer is wet-chemically deposited on the surface of the nanoscale core particles.
- the metal ions in solution or in suspension are reduced directly on the surface of the nanoscale particles forming the core.
- the inorganic materials that can be used as core particles will be explained in more detail later in the description. However, it should already be emphasized that inorganic materials with semiconductor properties are particularly suitable as nanoscale particles for the core.
- Semiconductor materials with band gaps can form electron-hole pairs by UV excitation.
- the electrons formed migrate to the surface of the core particles and reduce the metal ions located there, i. H. preferably the silver ions and / or copper ions.
- a metal film or a metal layer is deposited on the surface of the core particles.
- Preferred semiconductor materials with corresponding band gaps are titanium dioxide and cerium oxide.
- nanoscale particles of a magnetic material with a particle size ⁇ 100 nm are used as the core.
- at least one inorganic material is applied as a shell to these particles, which, as mentioned, form the core of the core-shell particle, in solution or in suspension via a pH change caused by at least one enzyme.
- the pH is preferably changed by decomposing urea using urease.
- all magnetic, in particular all ferromagnetic, materials can be used as the magnetic material.
- the magnetic material is preferably iron oxide, in particular magnetite.
- This (second) method according to the invention essentially gives two advantages.
- core-shell particles are obtained, the core of which can be controlled by an external magnetic field. This opens up completely new ones for such particles Application areas.
- a rapid and complete coating of individual core particles with the shell material is achieved by means of the pH change caused by an enzyme. This prevents the agglomeration of the particles forming the core.
- enzymes By adding enzymes, the decomposition reactions taking place when the casing is applied, such as the reaction of urea to ammonia, can be controlled very well.
- Urease-type enzymes completely decompose urea so that sufficiently high pH values can be set.
- the enzyme reaction can be influenced by the parameters of temperature and pH, it is also possible to carry out the precipitation reaction over a longer period, in particular over several hours, in order to set layer thicknesses in a very targeted manner.
- the result is that the nanoparticles retain their individuality even after the coating, the coating, has been applied.
- the solvent used for the preparation of the solution or the suspension is preferably removed again after the casing has been applied. Then the powder obtained by removing the solvent can be calcined. Calcining is to be understood here to mean the heating of the powdery materials to a certain degree of decomposition, the crystal water contained in the materials being at least partially or preferably completely removed.
- the inorganic materials used in the two process variants described can largely be chosen freely.
- it is a nanoscale oxide, sulfide, carbide or nitride powder.
- Nanoscale oxide powders are preferred. All powders that are usually used for powder sintering can be used.
- Examples are (where appropriate hydrated) oxides such as ZnO, Ce0, Sn0 2) Al 2 0 3 , CdO, Si0 2 , Ti0 2) ln 2 0 3 , Zr0 2 , yttrium-stabilized Zr0 2 , AI2O3, La 2 0 3 , Fe 2 0 3 , Fe 3 0, Cu 2 0, Ta 2 0 5 , Nb 2 0 5 , V 2 0 5 , M0O3, or WO 3 , but also phosphates, silicates, zirconates, aluminates and stannates, sulfides such as CdS, ZnS, PbS and Ag 2 S, carbides such as WC, CdC 2 or SiC, nitrides such as BN, AIN, Si 3 N 4 and T- 3 N 4 , corresponding mixed oxides such as metal-tin oxides, e.g.
- ITO indium tin oxide
- antimony tin oxide fluorine-doped tin oxide and Zn-doped Al 2 0 3
- luminescent pigments with Y- or Eu-containing compounds or mixed oxides with a perovskite structure such as BaTi0 3 , PbTi0 3 and lead zirconium titanate (PZT).
- PZT lead zirconium titanate
- nanoscale particles are preferably used as the core, which are an oxide, hydrated oxide, chalcogenide, nitride or carbide of Si, Al, B, Zn, Zr, Cd, Ti , Ce, Sn, In, La, Fe, Cu, Ta, Nb, V, Mo or W, particularly preferably Fe, Zr, Al, Zn, W, and Ti.
- Oxides are particularly preferably used.
- Preferred nanoscale, inorganic solid particles are aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, iron oxide, silicon carbide, tungsten carbide and silicon nitride.
- the nanoscale inorganic material is used as the shell material, preference is given to choosing (optionally hydrated) oxides such as ZnO, Ce0 2 , Sn0 2 , Al2O3, CdO, Si0 2 , Ti0 2 , ln 2 0 3 , Zr0 2 , yttrium-stabilized Zr0 2 , Al 2 0 3 , La 2 0 3 , Fe 2 0 3 , Fe 3 0 4 , Cu 2 0, Ta 2 0 5 , Nb 2 0 5 , V 2 0 5 , M0O 3 , or WO 3 , but also corresponding ones Mixed oxides such as metal-tin oxides, e.g. B.
- oxides such as ZnO, Ce0 2 , Sn0 2 , Al2O3, CdO, Si0 2 , Ti0 2 , ln 2 0 3 , Zr0 2 , yttrium-stabilized Zr0 2 , Al 2 0 3
- the invention comprises two variants of core-shell particles with a so-called core and at least one so-called shell.
- the core-shell particles according to the invention are defined in that the core is nanoscale particles of an inorganic material with a particle size ⁇ 100 nm and the shell is at least one metal. These core-shell particles are largely, preferably completely, in the form of non-agglomerated particles.
- the core-shell particles of this first variant according to the invention are obtainable or producible by the process defined above, in which a metal is applied as a shell to a nanoscale inorganic core material by means of a radiation-induced redox reaction, preferably by UV radiation.
- core-shell particles of the first variant can be constructed from the materials already described above in connection with the (first) method according to the invention.
- Core-shell particles of the first variant are preferred in which the inorganic material has semiconductor properties and / or in which the inorganic material is a nanoscale oxide powder.
- the inorganic material that forms the core of such particles is titanium oxide (Ti0 2 ).
- Metals with a biocidal effect, and preferably silver or copper, are used in particular as the metal which forms the shell of such particles.
- preferred core-shell particles of the first variant are composed of a titanium oxide core and a shell made of silver and / or copper.
- the core-shell particles according to the invention with a so-called core and at least one so-called shell are defined in that the core is nanoscale particles of a magnetic material with a particle size ⁇ 100 nm and the shell is at least one inorganic Material deals.
- the core-shell particles are largely, preferably completely, in the form of non-agglomerated particles.
- these core-shell particles according to the invention of the second variant can be produced or obtained by the process described above, in which an inorganic material is applied as a shell to a nanoscale magnetic material via a pH change caused by at least one enzyme.
- the magnetic material is iron oxide, preferably magnetite.
- the casing materials used in this second variant reference can also be made to the above description.
- the corresponding inorganic materials are preferably a nanoscale oxide powder, in particular titanium oxide (Ti0 2 ). Accordingly, in the core-shell particles of the second variant according to the invention, those having a core made of iron oxide, in particular magnetite, and a shell made of titanium oxide are preferred.
- the nanoscale particles which form the core preferably have one Particle size between 5 nm and 50 nm, in particular between 5 nm and 20 nm.
- the core-shell particles according to the invention themselves have an (average) particle size between 5 nm and 100 nm, preferably between 10 nm and 50 nm. Within the latter range, (average) particle sizes between 20 nm and 45 nm are further preferred.
- Preferred layer thicknesses for the casing are between 0.1 nm and 20 nm, in particular between 1 nm and 10 nm. In the invention, preferred layer thicknesses (coating thicknesses) between 0.1 nm and 2 nm can be achieved without problems
- the invention is not limited to the production and provision of core-shell particles with a core and only one shell layer.
- two or more cladding layers can be applied to a core material, preferably in succession.
- the core-shell particles of both variants according to the invention are usually present as nanoscale powder, as is obtained, for example, by removing the solvent and calcining by the processes described.
- the particles according to the invention are either applied to an inorganic or organic carrier or introduced into an inorganic or organic matrix. In this way, they can better develop the effect required for the desired application.
- the invention includes certain preferred uses of the core-shell particles of the invention.
- the core-shell particles of the second variant according to the invention are particularly suitable for waste water treatment, in particular for removing heavy metals from waste water.
- titanium dioxide is suitable for separating heavy metals from water by depositing the heavy metal cations on the surface of the titanium dioxide in the presence of an organic reducing agent. The problem that has not yet been solved, however, is to remove the particles laden with heavy metals from the water again.
- the process according to the first claimed process variant is used to produce core-shell particles according to the invention with a core made of titanium dioxide and a shell made of silver.
- the silver is initially in the form of ions on the titanium dioxide Surface adsorbed and then reduced by electrons, which are induced by UV radiation.
- the layer thickness of the silver can be controlled by the concentration of the silver ions in the suspension / solution and by the intensity and duration of the UV treatment.
- Silver nitrate is added to this suspension as a readily water-soluble silver salt, the amount of silver nitrate being selected as a function of the desired layer thickness of the silver coating layer.
- the suspension is then irradiated with a UV lamp (without filter, power between 80 and 120 watts) with constant stirring.
- the silver-coated titanium dioxide is then worked up by centrifugation, washing with water or dialysis through a semipermeable membrane.
- the layer thickness of the silver layer can also be varied by the irradiation time. If you assume
- the duration of the UV radiation has the following effects:
- the process according to the second claimed process variant is used to produce core-shell particles with a core made of magnetite and a shell made of cerium oxide.
- a core made of magnetite and a shell made of cerium oxide.
- a quantity of 10 g of nanoscale magnetic magnetite powder (average size approx. 10 nm) is suspended in 500 ml of dionized water.
- This suspension is mixed with a polyvinyl binder, which supports the attachment of the shell material to the core material magnetite powder.
- a binder content of 1% by weight is chosen, with binder contents between 0.2% by weight and 2% by weight being quite easily possible.
- Ceria-coated magnetite nanoparticles are made as in the example.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)
- Compounds Of Iron (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2002/013942 WO2004052998A1 (de) | 2002-12-09 | 2002-12-09 | Nanoskalige kern-hülle-teilchen sowie deren herstellung |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1576060A1 true EP1576060A1 (de) | 2005-09-21 |
Family
ID=32479690
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP02795132A Withdrawn EP1576060A1 (de) | 2002-12-09 | 2002-12-09 | Nanoskalige kern-hülle-teilchen sowie deren herstellung |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20060210636A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1576060A1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2006508793A (de) |
| AU (1) | AU2002361032A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2004052998A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (29)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102005047758A1 (de) * | 2005-09-28 | 2007-03-29 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zum Durchführen einer Reaktion in einer Mikroreaktionskammer |
| AU2006317439A1 (en) * | 2005-11-28 | 2007-05-31 | National Research Council Of Canada | Multifunctional nanostructure and method |
| WO2007066934A1 (en) * | 2005-12-06 | 2007-06-14 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Core-shell type nanoparticles and method for preparing the same |
| BRPI0716116A2 (pt) * | 2006-08-30 | 2013-10-01 | Umicore Ag & Co Kg | partÍculas catalÍticas tipo nécleo/casca e mÉtodos para sua preparaÇço |
| US8288308B2 (en) | 2006-08-30 | 2012-10-16 | Umicore Ag & Co. Kg | Core/shell-type catalyst particles and methods for their preparation |
| KR100759716B1 (ko) * | 2006-09-26 | 2007-10-04 | 고려대학교 산학협력단 | 복합기능 자성체 코어 - 반도체 쉘 나노 입자 및 그의제조방법 |
| JP2009078946A (ja) * | 2007-09-26 | 2009-04-16 | Fujifilm Corp | コア−シェル型金属酸化物粒子及びその製造方法 |
| ATE513890T1 (de) * | 2007-09-28 | 2011-07-15 | Nanoco Technologies Ltd | Kern-hülle-nanopartikel und herstellungsverfahren dafür |
| WO2008064750A2 (en) * | 2007-10-24 | 2008-06-05 | Polytech & Net Gmbh | Antimicrobial resin materials and method of manufacturing the same |
| JP5633774B2 (ja) * | 2010-02-18 | 2014-12-03 | 国立大学法人 名古屋工業大学 | 中空粒子の製造方法 |
| AU2011224865B2 (en) | 2010-03-08 | 2014-08-28 | Cerion, Llc | Structured catalytic nanoparticles and method of preparation |
| FR2961011B1 (fr) * | 2010-06-08 | 2012-07-20 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Materiau nanocomposite et son utilisation en opto-electronique |
| CN102304313B (zh) * | 2010-08-16 | 2015-01-14 | 江苏考普乐新材料有限公司 | 一种涂料及其制备方法 |
| KR101503104B1 (ko) * | 2011-08-01 | 2015-03-16 | 삼성전기주식회사 | 금속 자성 분말, 상기 금속 자성 분말을 포함하는 자성층 재료, 및 자성층 재료를 이용한 자성층을 포함하는 적층형 칩 부품 |
| RU2525430C2 (ru) * | 2012-10-11 | 2014-08-10 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение "Федеральный центр сердца, крови и эндокринологии имени В.А. Алмазова" Министерства здравоохранения и социального развития Российской Федерации | Носитель для лекарственных средств и биологически активных веществ для лечения и диагностики и способ его получения |
| JP6124646B2 (ja) * | 2013-03-27 | 2017-05-10 | アイシン精機株式会社 | ナノ粒子及びその製造方法、並びに、カーボンナノチューブの形成方法 |
| CN105940062B (zh) * | 2014-01-29 | 2020-04-10 | 3M创新有限公司 | 水性表面涂料组合物和改性的颗粒 |
| JP6308497B2 (ja) * | 2014-02-04 | 2018-04-11 | 高知県公立大学法人 | ドーピング型、コア‐シェル型及び分散型球状多孔質アナターゼ型酸化チタンナノ粒子の合成方法 |
| US10421127B2 (en) | 2014-09-03 | 2019-09-24 | Raytheon Company | Method for forming lanthanide nanoparticles |
| FR3026963A1 (fr) * | 2014-10-14 | 2016-04-15 | Ifp Energies Now | Composition photocatalytique comprenant des particules metalliques et deux semi-conducteurs dont un en oxyde de cuivre |
| FR3026966B1 (fr) | 2014-10-14 | 2019-09-27 | IFP Energies Nouvelles | Composition photocatalytique comprenant des particules metalliques et deux semi-conducteurs dont un en oxyde d'indium |
| FR3026962B1 (fr) * | 2014-10-14 | 2016-11-11 | Ifp Energies Now | Procede de synthese d'une composition photocatalytique par condensation photo-assistee. |
| FR3026964B1 (fr) * | 2014-10-14 | 2019-10-25 | IFP Energies Nouvelles | Composition photocatalytique comprenant des particules metalliques et deux semi-conducteurs dont un en oxyde de cerium |
| EP3277634B1 (de) * | 2015-04-02 | 2020-02-05 | Granitifiandre S.p.A. | Photokatalytische partikeln und dessen herstellungsverfahren |
| KR101804570B1 (ko) * | 2016-06-01 | 2017-12-05 | 주식회사 쇼나노 | 탄소족 비산화물 나노입자를 포함하는 항균제 및 그 제조방법 |
| KR20190022689A (ko) * | 2016-06-27 | 2019-03-06 | 나노시스, 인크. | 나노구조체들의 완충된 코팅을 위한 방법들 |
| CN107973384B (zh) * | 2018-01-10 | 2020-06-05 | 东莞润源环保科技有限公司 | 废水金属净化剂 |
| CN108690602B (zh) * | 2018-05-22 | 2020-12-18 | 四川大学 | 一种增强富勒烯荧光性能的方法 |
| CN112813060B (zh) * | 2020-12-31 | 2023-08-18 | 华南理工大学 | 一种磁性纳米核-壳结构载蛋白酶的光酶催化剂及其制备方法和应用 |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5456986A (en) * | 1993-06-30 | 1995-10-10 | Carnegie Mellon University | Magnetic metal or metal carbide nanoparticles and a process for forming same |
| US6344272B1 (en) * | 1997-03-12 | 2002-02-05 | Wm. Marsh Rice University | Metal nanoshells |
| DE19726282A1 (de) * | 1997-06-20 | 1998-12-24 | Inst Neue Mat Gemein Gmbh | Nanoskalige Teilchen mit einem von mindestens zwei Schalen umgebenen eisenoxid-haltigen Kern |
| DE10131173C2 (de) * | 2001-06-29 | 2003-12-04 | Itn Nanovation Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kern-Hülle-Teilchen und deren Verwendung |
-
2002
- 2002-12-09 AU AU2002361032A patent/AU2002361032A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-12-09 EP EP02795132A patent/EP1576060A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-12-09 US US10/537,802 patent/US20060210636A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-12-09 JP JP2004557833A patent/JP2006508793A/ja active Pending
- 2002-12-09 WO PCT/EP2002/013942 patent/WO2004052998A1/de not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2004052998A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2002361032A1 (en) | 2004-06-30 |
| JP2006508793A (ja) | 2006-03-16 |
| US20060210636A1 (en) | 2006-09-21 |
| WO2004052998A1 (de) | 2004-06-24 |
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