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EP1572414A2 - Welding method - Google Patents

Welding method

Info

Publication number
EP1572414A2
EP1572414A2 EP02745142A EP02745142A EP1572414A2 EP 1572414 A2 EP1572414 A2 EP 1572414A2 EP 02745142 A EP02745142 A EP 02745142A EP 02745142 A EP02745142 A EP 02745142A EP 1572414 A2 EP1572414 A2 EP 1572414A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
component
welding
components
melting
laser beam
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP02745142A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1572414B1 (en
Inventor
Kurt Weiblen
Christian Ohl
Oliver Kohn
Frieder Haag
Michael Honer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=7689925&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP1572414(A2) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP1572414A2 publication Critical patent/EP1572414A2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1572414B1 publication Critical patent/EP1572414B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Revoked legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/32—Measures for keeping the burr form under control; Avoiding burr formation; Shaping the burr
    • B29C66/328—Leaving the burrs unchanged for providing particular properties to the joint, e.g. as decorative effect
    • B29C66/3282—Leaving the burrs unchanged for providing particular properties to the joint, e.g. as decorative effect for reinforcing the joint
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/20—Bonding
    • B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
    • B23K26/24—Seam welding
    • B23K26/244—Overlap seam welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1635—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface at least passing through one of the parts to be joined, i.e. laser transmission welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
    • B29C65/7802—Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring
    • B29C65/782—Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring by setting the gap between the parts to be joined
    • B29C65/7823—Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring by setting the gap between the parts to be joined by using distance pieces, i.e. by using spacers positioned between the parts to be joined and forming a part of the joint
    • B29C65/7829—Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring by setting the gap between the parts to be joined by using distance pieces, i.e. by using spacers positioned between the parts to be joined and forming a part of the joint said distance pieces being integral with at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/114—Single butt joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/124—Tongue and groove joints
    • B29C66/1244—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the male part, i.e. the part comprising the tongue
    • B29C66/12445—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the male part, i.e. the part comprising the tongue having the tongue on the side
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/128—Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/1282—Stepped joint cross-sections comprising at least one overlap joint-segment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/128—Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/1282—Stepped joint cross-sections comprising at least one overlap joint-segment
    • B29C66/12821—Stepped joint cross-sections comprising at least one overlap joint-segment comprising at least two overlap joint-segments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/128—Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/1284—Stepped joint cross-sections comprising at least one butt joint-segment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/128—Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/1286—Stepped joint cross-sections comprising at least one bevelled joint-segment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/302—Particular design of joint configurations the area to be joined comprising melt initiators
    • B29C66/3022—Particular design of joint configurations the area to be joined comprising melt initiators said melt initiators being integral with at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/30223—Particular design of joint configurations the area to be joined comprising melt initiators said melt initiators being integral with at least one of the parts to be joined said melt initiators being rib-like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/32—Measures for keeping the burr form under control; Avoiding burr formation; Shaping the burr
    • B29C66/322—Providing cavities in the joined article to collect the burr
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53—Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/534—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars
    • B29C66/5346—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially flat
    • B29C66/53461—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially flat joining substantially flat covers and/or substantially flat bottoms to open ends of container bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/54—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles
    • B29C66/542—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles joining hollow covers or hollow bottoms to open ends of container bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/92—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/924—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/9261—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/92651—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the displacement of the joining tools by using stops
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
    • B29C35/0805—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
    • B29C2035/0822—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation using IR radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1603—Laser beams characterised by the type of electromagnetic radiation
    • B29C65/1612—Infrared [IR] radiation, e.g. by infrared lasers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/116—Single bevelled joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being bevelled in the joint area
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0018—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds having particular optical properties, e.g. fluorescent or phosphorescent
    • B29K2995/0026—Transparent
    • B29K2995/0027—Transparent for light outside the visible spectrum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/34—Electrical apparatus, e.g. sparking plugs or parts thereof
    • B29L2031/3481—Housings or casings incorporating or embedding electric or electronic elements

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a method for welding according to the type of the independent claims. Methods for welding components are already known,
  • the method according to the invention with the features of the independent claims has the advantage that the distance between the two components during the welding is predetermined by the stops.
  • the distance between the two components in the welded state is therefore not dependent on the force with which the two components were pressed together during the welding. If the two components are at an angle to one another in the melting range, excess molten material can be directed to one side of the melting range in a defined manner. This increases the quality of the weld.
  • the stops can optionally be formed only on one side of a weld seam or on both sides of the weld seam.
  • the method according to the invention is particularly suitable for welding components together which form a housing, in particular a housing for an electronic component.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show a first exemplary embodiment
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 a second exemplary embodiment
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 a third exemplary embodiment
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 a fourth exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 a first exemplary embodiment of the inventive method for welding components is shown on the basis of cross sections through components.
  • 1 shows a state before welding and in FIG. 2 after welding.
  • 1 shows a first component 1 and a second component 2.
  • the first component 1 is thought in particular of a housing cover and the second component 2 in particular of a housing base.
  • the first component is pressed against the second component 2, as indicated by the force arrow 3.
  • laser beams 4 are then directed through component 1 onto component 2.
  • the component 1 consists of a material which is transparent to the laser beams, ie there is virtually no — or only slight — absorption of energy from the laser beam 4 in the material of the component 1.
  • the component 2 is made of a material which the laser radiation 4 is strongly absorbed.
  • Components 1 and 2 each have melting ranges 5. These melting areas 5 are the areas which are melted for the actual welding, ie the areas of the components 1 and 2, the material of which are mixed together by melting and thus form the actual welded connection. These areas are referred to as melting areas 5, regardless of whether before or after the actual welding.
  • Plastics are particularly suitable as materials for component 1 and component 2.
  • appropriate additives in particular for laser beams in the infrared range, can be used to ensure that one plastic material does not absorb the energy of the infrared laser beam as well as the other material strongly absorbs the energy of the infrared laser.
  • Component 1 and component 2 are firmly connected to one another by the welded connections 7 formed in this way. If the welded connections 7 are designed as a circumferential weld seam, a hermetically sealed connection of the components 1 and 2 is created.
  • component 2, which is designed here as a housing base, can have a large recess 11 in which components to be packaged, in particular electronic circuits, can be arranged before welding.
  • stops 6 which limit the movement of the two components 1, 2 during the welding in the direction of the force 3.
  • the stops 6 are created by a corresponding step-like configuration of the first component 1 and the second component 2, the step-like projections being dimensioned in this way are that before welding, components 1 and 2 first come to rest on one another in melting areas 5.
  • the stops 6 are arranged geometrically next to the melting areas 5, so as to ensure that the laser radiation does not soften the stops 6 and thus possibly deform them.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 A further exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention is explained in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • the reference numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7 and 11 again designate the same objects as in FIGS. 1 and 2, which also perform the same functions.
  • a large number of stops 6 are provided in Figures 3 and 4.
  • the stops 6 are arranged not only on one side of the melting areas 5 but on both sides of the melting areas 5.
  • stops 6 are provided, which are arranged directly next to the welding areas 5.
  • a further central stop 6 is provided, which is arranged relatively far from the welding areas 5. This central stop 6 in particular limits the deformation of the component 1 during the welding process.
  • the components 1 and 2 form a housing in which the cavities 11 enclosed therein have a large lateral extent.
  • the first component 1 is designed as a cover, which also has a large lateral extent.
  • the component 1, which forms the cover is made relatively thin in its thickness.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 A further exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention is shown in FIGS. 5 and 6.
  • the reference numerals 1, 2, 3, 4, 7 and 11 again designate the same objects as in the previous figures, which also perform the same functions. However, a difference arises here again through the formation of the melting areas 5 and the stops 6.
  • the component 1 is simply designed as a plate-shaped component with plate surfaces that have no structuring.
  • the second component 2 has a melting area 5, which has a certain elevation in comparison to stops which are arranged in the immediate vicinity of the melting area 5 on both sides of the melting area 5. The height of this elevation is exaggerated in FIG. 5 and depends in reality essentially on the depth to which the laser beams 4 melt the material of the second component 2.
  • FIG. 5 A further exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention is shown in FIGS. 5 and 6.
  • the reference numerals 1, 2, 3, 4, 7 and 11 again designate the same objects as in the previous figures, which also perform the same functions. However, a difference arises here again
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 shows a cross section through the finished welded component, wherein it can be seen that the first component 1 now lies essentially flat on the plane which was formed in FIG. 5 by the stops 6 of the component 2.
  • the welded connections 7 extend from this level to a small extent into the components 1 and 2.
  • the advantage of the method according to FIGS. 5 and 6 is the simple removal design of the first component 1, which can be designed in particular as a simple plate.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 A further exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention is shown in FIGS. 7 and 8. With the reference numerals 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 11 again the same objects as in Figures 1 and 2 are referred to, which also perform the same function.
  • the melting area 5 of the component 2 is not formed parallel to the melting area 5 of the component 1, but has an angle. This angle ensures that molten material of the lower component 2 and the upper component 1 is laterally displaced outwards in a defined manner by pressing the components 1, 2 together. This is illustrated in FIG. 8 by the weld metal droplets 12 which were pushed out of the welded connections 7 laterally during the welding. Due to the beveling of the melting area 7 of the component 2, a preferred exit of excess molten material was brought about laterally.
  • the lateral expulsion of molten material is thereby increased.
  • this form of formation of the melting areas 5 makes technical sense even without the formation of stops 6, since the oblique melting areas of the components 1, 2 which have not yet been welded ensure that molten excess material escapes laterally.
  • Both measures, ie stops 6 and bevelled formation of the melting areas 5, however, contribute to improving the quality of the welding of components 1 and 2. This is particularly desirable in the field of packaging electronic components because there are very high demands on the quality of a welded connection for a housing for an electronic component.

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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for welding a first part (1) and a second part (2), whereby the energy for melting melting areas (5) is provided by a laser beam. The laser beam is directed through the first part (1), which is comprised of a non-absorbent material, and onto the second part (2). The second part is comprised of a material that greatly absorbs the laser beam (4). At least one stop (6) is provided outside of the melting areas (5).

Description

Verfahren zum VerschweißenWelding process
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Verfahren zum Verschweißen nach der Gattung der unabhängigen Patentansprüche. Es sind bereits Verfahren zum Verschweißen von Bauteilen bekannt,The invention is based on a method for welding according to the type of the independent claims. Methods for welding components are already known,
•—I bei denen die Schweißenergie durch einten Laser zugeführt wird. Dabei sind auch sogenannte Durchstrahl- Schweißverfahren bekannt, bei denen der Laserstrahl durch ein transparentes Bauteil hindurch auf zweites Bauteil gerichtet wird, welches den Laserstrahl absorbiert. Durch die Absorbtion wird dieser Bereich stark erwärmt, bis es zu einem Schmelzen des Materials kommt. Wenn die Schmelze mit dem Material des transparenten Bauteils in Berührung kommt, so wird auch dieses Material geschmolzen, so dass es zu einer Verschweißung der beiden Bauelemente kommt . Um einen Kontakt der Schmelze des absorbierenden Materials mit dem transparenten Materials zu gewährleisten, werden die beiden Bauteile bei der Schweißung zusammen gedrückt . Der Abstand wird durch eine Messung des Schweissweges und eine Regelung der zugeführten Energie eingestellt oder er stellt sich in Abhängigkeit von der dabei verwendeten Kraft nach dem Verschweißen ein.• —I where the welding energy is supplied by a laser. So-called transmission welding processes are also known, in which the laser beam is directed through a transparent component onto a second component, which absorbs the laser beam. This area is strongly heated by the absorption until the material melts. When the melt comes into contact with the material of the transparent component, this material is also melted, so that the two components are welded together. In order to ensure that the melt of the absorbent material contacts the transparent material, the two components are pressed together during welding. The distance is set by measuring the welding path and regulating the energy supplied, or it is set as a function of the force used after welding.
Vorteile der Erfindung Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren mit den Merkmalen der unabhängigen Patentansprüche hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, dass der Abstand der beiden Bauelemente während der Schweißung durch die Anschläge vorgegeben ist. Der Abstand der beiden Bauelemente im verschweißten Zustand ist somit nicht von der Kraft abhängig, mit der die beiden Bauteile während der Schweißung zusammengepresst wurden. Wenn im Schmelzbereich die beiden Bauteile einen Winkel zueinander aufweisen, so kann überschüssiges geschmolzenes Material definiert zu einer Seite des Schmelzbereichs geleitet werden. Es wird so die Qualität der Schweißstelle erhöht.Advantages of the invention The method according to the invention with the features of the independent claims has the advantage that the distance between the two components during the welding is predetermined by the stops. The distance between the two components in the welded state is therefore not dependent on the force with which the two components were pressed together during the welding. If the two components are at an angle to one another in the melting range, excess molten material can be directed to one side of the melting range in a defined manner. This increases the quality of the weld.
Die Anschläge können wahlweise nur auf einer Seite einer Schweißnaht oder auf beiden Seiten der Schweißnaht ausgebildet sein. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ist besonders geeignet, um Bauteile miteinander zu Verschweißen, die ein Gehäuse, insbesondere ein Gehäuse für ein elektronisches Bauelement bilden.The stops can optionally be formed only on one side of a weld seam or on both sides of the weld seam. The method according to the invention is particularly suitable for welding components together which form a housing, in particular a housing for an electronic component.
Zeichnungendrawings
Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in den Zeichnungen dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen die Figuren 1 und 2 ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel, die Figuren 3 und 4 ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel, die Figuren 5 und 6 ein drittes Ausführungsbei- spiel und die Figuren 7 und 8 ein viertes Ausführungsbei- spiel des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens.Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings and explained in more detail in the following description. FIGS. 1 and 2 show a first exemplary embodiment, FIGS. 3 and 4 a second exemplary embodiment, FIGS. 5 and 6 a third exemplary embodiment and FIGS. 7 and 8 a fourth exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention.
Beschreibungdescription
In der Figur 1 wird anhand von Querschnitten durch Bauteile ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel für das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Verschweißen von Bauteilen gezeigt. In der Figur 1 wird ein Zustand vor dem Verschweißen und in der Figur 2 nach dem Verschweißen gezeigt . Im Querschnitt der Figur 1 wird ein erstes Bauteil 1 und ein zweites Bauteil 2 gezeigt. Bei dem ersten Bauteil 1 wird inbesondere an einen Gehäusedeckel und bei dem zweiten Bauteil 2 insbesondere an einen Gehäuseboden gedacht. Das erste Bauteil wird wie durch den Kraftpfeil 3 angedeutet wird, gegen das zweite Bauteil 2 gedrückt. Im zusammengedrückten Zustand werden dann Laserstrahlen 4 durch das Bauteil 1 hindurch auf das Bauteil 2 gerichtet. Das Bauteil 1 besteht aus einem Material, welches für die Laserstrahlen transparent ist, d.h. es erfolgt so gut wie keine -oder nur geringe- Absorbtion von Energie aus dem Laserstrahl 4 in dem Material des Bauteils 1. Das Bauteil 2 ist aus einem Material, welches die Laserstrahlung 4 stark absorbiert. Es kommt durch diese Absorbtion zu einer starken Erwärmung, da die Energie des Laserstrahls in einem geringen Volumen des Bauteils 2 absorbiert wird. Die Bauteile 1 und 2 weisen jeweils Schmelzbereiche 5 auf. Bei diesen Schmelzbereichen 5 handelt es sich um die Bereiche, die für die eigentliche Verschweißung aufgeschmolzen werden, d.h. die Bereiche der Bauteile 1 und 2, deren Material durch ein Aufschmelzen miteinander vermischt werden und so die eigentliche Schweißverbindung bilden. Diese Bereiche werden unabhängig ob vor oder nach der eigentlichen Verschweißung als Schmelzbereiche 5 bezeichnet.In FIG. 1, a first exemplary embodiment of the inventive method for welding components is shown on the basis of cross sections through components. 1 shows a state before welding and in FIG. 2 after welding. 1 shows a first component 1 and a second component 2. The first component 1 is thought in particular of a housing cover and the second component 2 in particular of a housing base. The first component is pressed against the second component 2, as indicated by the force arrow 3. In the compressed state, laser beams 4 are then directed through component 1 onto component 2. The component 1 consists of a material which is transparent to the laser beams, ie there is virtually no — or only slight — absorption of energy from the laser beam 4 in the material of the component 1. The component 2 is made of a material which the laser radiation 4 is strongly absorbed. This absorption leads to strong heating, since the energy of the laser beam is absorbed in a small volume of the component 2. Components 1 and 2 each have melting ranges 5. These melting areas 5 are the areas which are melted for the actual welding, ie the areas of the components 1 and 2, the material of which are mixed together by melting and thus form the actual welded connection. These areas are referred to as melting areas 5, regardless of whether before or after the actual welding.
Als Materialien für das Bauteil 1 und Bauteil 2 kommen insbesondere Kunststoffe in Frage. Bei derartigen Kunststoffen kann durch entsprechende Zusätze, insbesondere für Laserstrahlen im Infrarotbereich erreicht werden, dass das eine Kunststoffmaterial die Energie des Infrarotlaserstrahls so gut wie nicht absorbiert, während das andere Material die E- nergie des Infrarotlasers stark absorbiert.Plastics are particularly suitable as materials for component 1 and component 2. In the case of such plastics, appropriate additives, in particular for laser beams in the infrared range, can be used to ensure that one plastic material does not absorb the energy of the infrared laser beam as well as the other material strongly absorbs the energy of the infrared laser.
Bei der Einstrahlung der Laserstrahlen in die Schmelzbereiche 5 des stark absorbierenden Bauteils 2 wird eine große Wärmemenge in diese Schmelzbereiche 5 eingebracht. Das Mate- rial des unteren Bauteils 2 beginnt daher zu schmelzen. Wenn diese flüssige Schmelze in Kontakt mit dem Schmelzbereich 5 des oberen Bauteils 1 kommt, so wird auch das obere Bauteil 1 in diesem Schmelzbereich 5 aufgeschmolzen. Dies wird dadurch erreicht, dass die Bauteile 1 und 2 während des Verschweißprozesses aufeinander gedrückt werden und so das geschmolzene Material des unteren Bauteils 2 in Kontakt mit dem oberen Bauteil 1 kommt. Eventuell noch bestehende geringe Spalte werden durch Kapillarkräfte überbrückt. Durch das Aufschmelzen der Materialien der Bauteile 1 und 2 in den Schmelzbereichen 5 kommt es zu einer Durchmischung und letztendlich zur Ausbildung der eigentlichen Schweißverbindung. Diese Schweißverbindung 7 wird in der Figur 2 im Querschnitt gezeigt. Durch die so ausgebildeten Schweißverbindungen 7 werden das Bauteil 1 und das Bauteil 2 fest miteinander verbunden. Wenn die Schweißverbindungen 7 als umlaufende Schweißnaht ausgebildet wird, so wird eine hermetisch dichte Verbindung der Bauteile 1 und 2 geschaffen. Insbesondere kann das Bauteil 2, das hier ja als Gehäuseboden ausgebildet ist, eine große Ausnehmung 11 aufweisen, in der vor dem Verschweißen zu verpackende Bauelemente, insbesondere e- lektronische Schaltkreise, angeordnet werden können.When the laser beams are irradiated into the melting areas 5 of the highly absorbent component 2, a large amount of heat is introduced into these melting areas 5. The Mate rial of the lower component 2 therefore begins to melt. When this liquid melt comes into contact with the melting area 5 of the upper component 1, the upper component 1 is also melted in this melting area 5. This is achieved in that the components 1 and 2 are pressed together during the welding process and the molten material of the lower component 2 comes into contact with the upper component 1. Any small gaps that still exist are bridged by capillary forces. The melting of the materials of the components 1 and 2 in the melting areas 5 results in thorough mixing and ultimately in the formation of the actual welded connection. This welded connection 7 is shown in cross section in FIG. Component 1 and component 2 are firmly connected to one another by the welded connections 7 formed in this way. If the welded connections 7 are designed as a circumferential weld seam, a hermetically sealed connection of the components 1 and 2 is created. In particular, component 2, which is designed here as a housing base, can have a large recess 11 in which components to be packaged, in particular electronic circuits, can be arranged before welding.
Wenn die Bauteile 1, 2 bei der Verschweißung mit ausreichend großer Kraft aufeinander gedrückt werden, so wird geschmolzenes Material seitlich aus den Schweißbereichen 5 herausgedrückt. In Abhängigkeit von der Kraft 3 wird somit die geometrische Form der Schweißverbindung 7 und somit auch der Abstand der beiden Bauelemente 1, 2 im verschweißten Zustand zueinander variieren. Erfindungsgemäß wird daher vorgeschlagen, Anschläge 6 vorzusehen, die die Bewegung der beiden Bauelemente 1, 2 während der Verschweißung in Richtung der Kraft 3 begrenzen. In den Figuren 1 und 2 werden die Anschläge 6 durch eine entsprechende stufenförmige Ausgestaltung des ersten Bauteils 1 und des zweiten Bauteils 2 geschaffen, wobei die stufenförmigen Vorsprünge so bemessen sind, dass vor der Verschweißung die Bauteile 1 und 2 zuerst in den Schmelzbereichen 5 aufeinander zu liegen kommen. Wenn dann die Laserenergie in die Schmelzbereiche 5 eingestrahlt wird, so wird ein bisschen des aufgeschmolzenen Materials seitlich verdrängt und die stufenförmigen Anschläge kommen aufeinander zu liegen. Nach dem Abkühlen liegen dann die Bauteile 1 und 2 auf den Anschlägen 6 auf, die neben den Schweißverbindungen 7 liegen. Die Anschläge 6 sind geometrisch neben den Schmelzbereichen 5 angeordnet, um so sicherzustellen, dass es durch die Lasereinstrahlung nicht zu einer Erweichung der Anschläge 6 und somit eventuell zu einer Verformbarkeit dieser Bereiche kommt.If the components 1, 2 are pressed against one another with a sufficiently large force during the welding process, molten material is pressed out laterally from the welding regions 5. Depending on the force 3, the geometric shape of the welded connection 7 and thus also the distance between the two components 1, 2 in the welded state will vary. According to the invention it is therefore proposed to provide stops 6 which limit the movement of the two components 1, 2 during the welding in the direction of the force 3. In FIGS. 1 and 2, the stops 6 are created by a corresponding step-like configuration of the first component 1 and the second component 2, the step-like projections being dimensioned in this way are that before welding, components 1 and 2 first come to rest on one another in melting areas 5. Then when the laser energy is radiated into the melting areas 5, a little of the melted material is displaced laterally and the step-shaped stops come to lie on one another. After cooling, the components 1 and 2 then rest on the stops 6, which lie next to the welded connections 7. The stops 6 are arranged geometrically next to the melting areas 5, so as to ensure that the laser radiation does not soften the stops 6 and thus possibly deform them.
Ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird in den Figuren 3 und 4 erläutert. Mit den Bezugszahlen 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7 und 11 werden wieder die gleichen Gegenstände wie in den Figuren 1 und 2 bezeichnet, die auch die gleichen Funktionen wahrnehmen. Im Unterschied zu den Figuren 1 und 2 sind jedoch in den Figuren 3 und 4 eine große Anzahl von Anschlägen 6 vorgesehen. Insbesondere sind dabei die Anschläge 6 nicht nur auf einer Seite der Schmelzbereiche 5 sondern zu beiden Seiten der Schmelzbereiche 5 angeordnet. Im äußeren Bereich sind Anschläge 6 vorgesehen, die unmittelbar neben den Schweißbereichen 5 angeordnet sind. In einem Mittelbereich der Bauteile 1, 2 ist ein weiterer zentraler Anschlag 6 vorgesehen, der relativ weit von den Schweißbereichen 5 angeordnet ist. Durch diesen zentralen Anschlag 6 wird insbesondere eine Verformung des Bauteils 1 während des Schweißvorganges begrenzt. Dies ist insbesondere dann von Bedeutung, wenn die Bauteile 1 und 2 ein Gehäuse bilden, bei dem die darin eingeschlossenen Hohlräume 11 eine große laterale Ausdehnung aufweisen. In diesem Fall ist das erste Bauelement 1 als Deckel ausgebildet, der ebenfalls eine große laterale Ausdehnung hat. Im Vergleich zur lateralen Ausdehnung ist das Bauteil 1, das den Deckel bildet, in seiner Dicke relativ dünn ausgebildet. Durch das Einleiten der Kraft 3 während des Schweißvorganges kann es daher zu einer Verformung des Bauteils 1, das den Deckel bildet, kommen und das Bauteil 1 würde nach der Schweißung, wenn die Kraft 3 nicht mehr auf das Bauteil 1 wirkt, wieder seine ursprüngliche Gestalt annehmen wollen. Es würden so mechanische Spannungen in den Bauteilen 1, 2 erzeugt, die die Schweißverbindung 7 belasten. Da durch den Anschlag 6 im Mittelbereich eine Verformung des Bauteils 1 während der Schweißung begrenzt wird, werden durch diese Maßnahme auch mechanische Spannungen im fertiggestellten Gehäuse verringert.A further exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention is explained in FIGS. 3 and 4. The reference numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7 and 11 again designate the same objects as in FIGS. 1 and 2, which also perform the same functions. In contrast to Figures 1 and 2, however, a large number of stops 6 are provided in Figures 3 and 4. In particular, the stops 6 are arranged not only on one side of the melting areas 5 but on both sides of the melting areas 5. In the outer area, stops 6 are provided, which are arranged directly next to the welding areas 5. In a central area of the components 1, 2, a further central stop 6 is provided, which is arranged relatively far from the welding areas 5. This central stop 6 in particular limits the deformation of the component 1 during the welding process. This is particularly important if the components 1 and 2 form a housing in which the cavities 11 enclosed therein have a large lateral extent. In this case, the first component 1 is designed as a cover, which also has a large lateral extent. Compared to the lateral extent, the component 1, which forms the cover, is made relatively thin in its thickness. By the Introducing the force 3 during the welding process can therefore lead to a deformation of the component 1, which forms the cover, and the component 1 would want to return to its original shape after the welding, when the force 3 no longer acts on the component 1 , Mechanical stresses would thus be generated in the components 1, 2, which stress the welded joint 7. Since the stop 6 in the central region limits deformation of the component 1 during welding, this measure also reduces mechanical stresses in the finished housing.
In den Figuren 5 und 6 wird ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens gezeigt. Mit den Bezugszahlen 1, 2, 3, 4, 7 und 11 werden wieder die gleichen Gegenstände wie in den bisherigen Figuren bezeichnet, die auch dieselben Funktionen wahrnehmen. Ein Unterschied ergibt sich hier jedoch wieder durch die Ausbildung der Schmelzbereiche 5 und der Anschläge 6. Wie in der Figur 5 zu erkennen ist, ist das Bauteil 1 einfach als plattenförmiges Bauelement mit Plattenoberflächen, die keine Strukturierung aufweisen, ausgebildet. Das zweite Bauelement 2 weist einen Schmelzbereich 5 auf, der eine gewisse Erhebung im Vergleich zu Anschlägen, die in unmittelbarer Nähe zu dem Schmelzbereich 5 zu beiden Seiten des Schmelzbereichs 5 angeordnet sind. Die Höhe dieser Erhebung ist in der Figur 5 übertrieben dargestellt und hängt in der Realität im wesentlichen davon ab, bis zu welcher Tiefe die Laserstrahlen 4 das Material des zweiten Bauteils 2 aufschmelzen. In der Figur 6 wird ein Querschnitt durch das fertig verschweißte Bauelement gezeigt, wobei zu erkennen ist, dass das erste Bauteil 1 nun im Wesentlichen flach auf der Ebene aufliegt, die in der Figur 5 durch die Anschläge 6 des Bauteils 2 gebildet wurden. Die Schweißverbindungen 7 erstrecken sich ausgehend von dieser Ebene im geringen Maße in die Bauteile 1 und 2 hinein. Der Vorteil an dem Verfahren nach den Figuren 5 und 6 ist die einfache Aus- gestaltung des ersten Bauteils 1, welches insbesondere als einfache Platte ausgebildet sein kann.A further exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention is shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. The reference numerals 1, 2, 3, 4, 7 and 11 again designate the same objects as in the previous figures, which also perform the same functions. However, a difference arises here again through the formation of the melting areas 5 and the stops 6. As can be seen in FIG. 5, the component 1 is simply designed as a plate-shaped component with plate surfaces that have no structuring. The second component 2 has a melting area 5, which has a certain elevation in comparison to stops which are arranged in the immediate vicinity of the melting area 5 on both sides of the melting area 5. The height of this elevation is exaggerated in FIG. 5 and depends in reality essentially on the depth to which the laser beams 4 melt the material of the second component 2. FIG. 6 shows a cross section through the finished welded component, wherein it can be seen that the first component 1 now lies essentially flat on the plane which was formed in FIG. 5 by the stops 6 of the component 2. The welded connections 7 extend from this level to a small extent into the components 1 and 2. The advantage of the method according to FIGS. 5 and 6 is the simple removal design of the first component 1, which can be designed in particular as a simple plate.
In den Figuren 7 und 8 wird ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens gezeigt. Mit den Bezugszeichen 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 und 11 werden wieder die gleichen Gegenstände wie in den Figuren 1 und 2 bezeichnet, die auch dieselbe Funktion ausüben. Im Unterschied zur Figur 1 ist jedoch der Schmelzbereich 5 des Bauteils 2 nicht parallel zu dem Schmelzbereich 5 des Bauteils 1 ausgebildet, sondern weist einen Winkel auf. Durch diesen Winkel wird erreicht, dass geschmolzenes Material des unteren Bauteils 2 und des oberen Bauteils 1 durch das Zusammenpressen der Bauteile 1, 2 definiert seitlich nach außen verschoben wird. Dies wird in der Figur 8 durch die Schweißguttropfen 12 verdeutlicht, die während der Schweißung seitlich aus den Schweißverbindungen 7 herausdrückt wurden. Durch die Abschrägung des Schmelzbereichs 7 des Bauteils 2 wurde ein bevorzugter Austritt von überschüssigem geschmolzenem Material seitlich bewirkt .A further exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention is shown in FIGS. 7 and 8. With the reference numerals 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 11 again the same objects as in Figures 1 and 2 are referred to, which also perform the same function. In contrast to FIG. 1, however, the melting area 5 of the component 2 is not formed parallel to the melting area 5 of the component 1, but has an angle. This angle ensures that molten material of the lower component 2 and the upper component 1 is laterally displaced outwards in a defined manner by pressing the components 1, 2 together. This is illustrated in FIG. 8 by the weld metal droplets 12 which were pushed out of the welded connections 7 laterally during the welding. Due to the beveling of the melting area 7 of the component 2, a preferred exit of excess molten material was brought about laterally.
Es ist natürlich auch möglich, beide Schmelzbereiche 5, d.h. sowohl auf dem Bauteil 1 wie auch auf dem Bauteil 2 abgeschrägt auszubilden, insbesondere so, dass sie keinen rechten Winkel zu der Richtung der Kraft 3 bilden. Der seitliche Austrieb von geschmolzenem Material wird dadurch noch verstärkt. Weiterhin ist diese Form der Ausbildung der Schmelzbereiche 5 technisch auch ohne die Ausbildung von Anschlägen 6 sinnvoll, da durch die abgeschrägten Schmelzbereiche der noch nicht verschweißten Bauteile 1, 2 auf jeden Fall ein seitlicher Austritt von geschmolzenem überschüssigen Material gewährleistet wird. Beide Maßnahmen, d.h. Anschläge 6 und abgeschrägte Ausbildung der Schmelzbereiche 5 tragen aber dazu bei, die Qualität der Verschweißung von Bauteilen 1 und 2 zu verbesseren. Dies ist insbesondere auf dem Gebiet der Verpackung von elektronischen Bauelementen wünschenswert, da dort sehr hohe Anforderungen an die Qualität einer Schweißverbindung für ein Gehäuse für ein elektronisches Bauelement gestellt werden. It is of course also possible to form both melting areas 5, ie beveled both on component 1 and on component 2, in particular in such a way that they do not form a right angle to the direction of force 3. The lateral expulsion of molten material is thereby increased. Furthermore, this form of formation of the melting areas 5 makes technical sense even without the formation of stops 6, since the oblique melting areas of the components 1, 2 which have not yet been welded ensure that molten excess material escapes laterally. Both measures, ie stops 6 and bevelled formation of the melting areas 5, however, contribute to improving the quality of the welding of components 1 and 2. This is particularly desirable in the field of packaging electronic components because there are very high demands on the quality of a welded connection for a housing for an electronic component.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verfahren zum Verschweißen eines ersten Bauteils (1) mit einem zweiten Bauteil (2), wobei die Energie zum Schmelzen von Schmelzbereichen (5) des ersten und zweiten Bauteils (1, 2) durch einen Laserstrahl zur Verfügung gestellt wird, wobei das erste Bauteil (1) aus einem Material besteht, welches die Energie des Laserstrahls (4) nur schwach absorbiert und dass zweite Bauteil (2) aus einem Material besteht, welches die Energie des Laserstrahls (4) stark absorbiert, wobei der Laserstrahl (4) durch das erste Bauteil (1) hindurch auf das zweite Bauteil (2) gerichtet wird, wobei die beiden Bauteile (1, 2) ab einem Verschweißen gegeneinander gedrückt werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass außerhalb der Schmelzbereiche1. A method for welding a first component (1) to a second component (2), the energy for melting melting areas (5) of the first and second component (1, 2) being made available by a laser beam, the first Component (1) consists of a material which only weakly absorbs the energy of the laser beam (4) and that second component (2) consists of a material which strongly absorbs the energy of the laser beam (4), the laser beam (4) passing through the first component (1) is directed through onto the second component (2), the two components (1, 2) being pressed against one another after welding, characterized in that outside the melting ranges
(5) mindestens ein Anschlag (6) vorgesehen ist, durch den eine Bewegung der beiden Bauteile (1, 2) aufeinander zu begrenzt wird.(5) at least one stop (6) is provided, by which a movement of the two components (1, 2) towards each other is limited.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schmelzbereiche (5) derart ausgebildet sind, dass eine nach dem Erkalten gebildete Schweißverbindung (7) als längliche Schweißnaht ausgebildet ist.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the melting areas (5) are designed such that a welded joint (7) formed after cooling is formed as an elongated weld seam.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der mindestens eine Anschlag (6) auf einer Seite der Schweißnaht ausgebildet ist. 3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the at least one stop (6) is formed on one side of the weld seam.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass auf beiden Seiten der Schweißnaht ein Anschlag (6) vorgesehen ist.4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that a stop (6) is provided on both sides of the weld.
5. Verfahren zum Verschweißen eines ersten Bauteils (1) mit einem zweiten Bauteil (2), wobei die Energie zum Schmelzen von Schmelzbereichen (5) des ersten und zweiten Bauteils (1, 2) durch einen Laserstrahl zur Verfügung gestellt wird, wobei das erste Bauteil (1) aus einem Material besteht, welches die Energie des Laserstrahls (4) nur schwach absorbiert und dass zweite Bauteil (2) aus einem Material besteht, welches die Energie des Laserstrahls (4) stark absorbiert, wobei der Laserstrahl (4) durch das erste Bauteil (1) hindurch auf das zweite Bauteil (2) gerichtet wird, wobei die beiden Bauteile (1, 2) ab einem Verschweißen gegeneinander gedrückt werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Bauteile (1, 2) in den Schweißbereichen (5) vor dem Verschweißen einen Winkel zueinander bilden, durch den bei der Verschweißung ein bevorzugter Austritt von geschmolzenem Material auf einer Seite der Schweißbereiche (5) bewirkt wird.5. A method for welding a first component (1) to a second component (2), the energy for melting melting areas (5) of the first and second components (1, 2) being made available by a laser beam, the first Component (1) consists of a material which only weakly absorbs the energy of the laser beam (4) and that second component (2) consists of a material which strongly absorbs the energy of the laser beam (4), the laser beam (4) passing through the first component (1) is directed through onto the second component (2), the two components (1, 2) being pressed against one another after welding, characterized in that the components (1, 2) in the welding areas (5) Before welding, form an angle to one another, by means of which a preferred escape of molten material on one side of the welding areas (5) is effected during the welding.
6. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass durch das erste und zweite Bauteil (1, 2) im verschweißten Zustand ein Gehäuse, insbesondere ein Gehäuse für ein elektronisches Bauelement, geschaffen wird.6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a housing, in particular a housing for an electronic component, is created by the first and second component (1, 2) in the welded state.
7. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Material für die Bauteile7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that as a material for the components
(1, 2) ein Kunststoff verwendet wird und dass die unterschiedlichen Absorbtionseigenschaften durch Zusatz weiterer Stoffe zum Kunststoff eingestellt wird. (1, 2) a plastic is used and that the different absorption properties are adjusted by adding other substances to the plastic.
EP20020745142 2001-06-29 2002-06-12 Welding method Revoked EP1572414B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2001131430 DE10131430A1 (en) 2001-06-29 2001-06-29 Welding process
DE10131430 2001-06-29
PCT/DE2002/002145 WO2003004211A2 (en) 2001-06-29 2002-06-12 Welding method

Publications (2)

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EP1572414A2 true EP1572414A2 (en) 2005-09-14
EP1572414B1 EP1572414B1 (en) 2011-08-10

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US (1) US6872911B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1572414B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4272985B2 (en)
DE (1) DE10131430A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2003004211A2 (en)

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WO2003004211A2 (en) 2003-01-16
WO2003004211A3 (en) 2008-04-10
US6872911B2 (en) 2005-03-29
JP2005508262A (en) 2005-03-31
DE10131430A1 (en) 2003-01-16
JP4272985B2 (en) 2009-06-03
US20040200569A1 (en) 2004-10-14
EP1572414B1 (en) 2011-08-10

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