EP1570919A1 - Apparatus for separating of substantially solid products - Google Patents

Abstract

The device has several spiral rollers (2) rotating about a longitudinal axis and mounted with bearings on only one side. A supply device (6) for the incoming material (5) is mounted on the device so that the supply is crosswise to the longitudinal axes (11) of the rollers. the supply device is designed as a conveyor belt, chute or the like.

Description

The invention relates to a device for sorting of substantially solid materials, in particular of Waste.

For sorting waste, especially long pieces contains is according to the prior art (JP-A-4-176374) a device known which comprises screw body, the inside a frame parallel to each other in the same Plane and rotatably mounted in the same direction are provided with a lateral ejection part in the frame is in the direction of rotation of the pointed parts of the screw body is formed and ejects large-sized waste. In addition, a front ejection part is in the frame provided in the conveying direction of the screw body medium sized garbage ejects. Furthermore, at the bottom surface a sieve provided by the smaller format Waste can fall through.

This prior art device has the disadvantage that by the two-sided storage of Slug body the device only from two sides is accessible. In addition, the material will help with a backhoe loader supplied to the device. hereby The bearings must be protected from dirt on both sides of the device be protected to ensure proper operation of the Device is guaranteed.

By feeding the waste with an excavator occurs Moreover, the disadvantage is that the waste is vertical or is fed almost vertically to the device. hereby Can long parts perpendicular through the device fall through, whereby a safe screening is no longer guaranteed is. The long parts stay on the under the Slugs are arranged sieve and must be from Hand removed.

The invention underlying technical problem is to provide a device with the reliable Long parts can be sorted out, and those over it also works reliably and wear-resistant.

This technical problem is solved with a device solved with the features of claim 1.

Due to the fact that the device according to the invention for Sort of essentially solid material with several formed around its longitudinal axis rotating spiral rollers is that parallel to each other at least approximately in one are arranged at the same level, and in that the spiral rollers are stored only on one side and thereby, that a feeding device for the material to be sorted is arranged on the device such that the feeder transverse to the longitudinal axes of the spiral axes, is the material to be sorted is not in the area of the bearings Spiral rollers fed to the device, so that they are not can pollute. By the direction of rotation of the spiral rollers the material to be sorted is led away from the warehouses, so the storage area does not match the one to be sorted Material comes into contact. In addition, the Feeding the material to be sorted transversely to the longitudinal axes the spiral rollers. This will be a reliable one Sorting out the different fractions of the sort to be sorted Materials guaranteed.

In the following, instead of material to be sorted generally speaking of waste. The sort to be sorted However, materials within the meaning of the invention are not limited to waste, but can also use other materials include. Under essentially solid material is also understood biocompost with a certain moisture content.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment the waste feeding device of the invention Device arranged to put the waste in at a shallow angle to the spiral rollers. hereby This avoids that long parts perpendicular between the rollers can fall through. According to a particularly preferred Embodiment, the feeding device is in a storage-free Side of the device arranged so that the material supplied outside the storage area of the device which does not contaminate the storage area with waste can be.

According to another preferred embodiment the feeding angle for feeding the waste relative to a Storage level of the rollers between minus 30 ° and plus 45 °. As a result, a flat feed angle is ensured, the causes long parts not perpendicular through the spaces between them between the spiral rollers can fall.

Advantageously, the spiral rollers are interlocking Spiral rollers formed. This training has the Advantage that by the meshing of the spiral rollers the spaces between the waves are not clogged. This makes it possible, for example, moist material how to process biocompost with the device.

In accordance with a preferred embodiment, one suffices Feed screw helix of a first spiral roll up to a Hub of an adjacent second spiral roll. This will the already described setting of particular moist Material avoided.

The distance between the screw conveyor spiral and an adjacent one Hub is advantageously at least one to two Millimeter. Depending on the design of the distance, however, can also to be taller.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the Invention is the distance of the spiral rollers to each other adjustable. This makes it possible to different sizes get the separated fractions. The device can thus be adapted to the different requirements become.

The conveying direction of the long parts is designed that they are formed transversely to the axial direction of the spiral rollers is. Cubic parts are through the training and Rotation of the spiral rollers along the axial direction of the spiral rollers promoted so that above the spiral rollers a Separation into two fractions, that is into a long fraction and into a fraction of cubic parts. Smaller parts fall through the spaces between them Scrolls down through and form the third fraction.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the Invention is the feeder for the waste as a conveyor belt educated. However, it is also possible to use other feeders such as vibrating chutes, chutes, Roller conveyors or the like. Basically it is special Meaning that a flat and continuous Supply of waste is guaranteed. The continuous Feeding the waste in turn causes a high Throughput through the device. The following versions relate for the sake of simplicity only a conveyor belt. Nevertheless, all possible feeding devices including.

According to another embodiment of the invention provided that for discharging the separated waste fractions at least one conveyor is provided. Also this conveyor may take the form of a conveyor belt, a roller conveyor, a chute, a vibrating trough or be formed. It is advantageous for each waste fraction a separate conveyor provided, around the separated fractions for further use be able to feed continuously.

All spiral rollers of the device according to the invention advantageously have the same direction of rotation. This results in a collection of the waste to be sorted avoided between the spiral rollers. The big parts will be by the same direction of rotation of all rolls transported over the rollers to the end of the device and separated into the two fractions mentioned above.

According to another possible embodiment of the invention At least one spiral roller is formed shorter as the other spiral rollers, the at least one shorter trained spiral roll in the edge region of the device is arranged. A particularly advantageous embodiment This embodiment provides that two equal long spiral rollers are provided, and that three more each shortened spiral rollers provided in the length are. This results in a separation of the fractions only in two fractions, since above the spiral rolls cubic Parts and long parts only give a fraction.

A further embodiment of the invention provides a spiral of the spiral rolls relative to a shaft the spiral roller is designed to be movable in the direction of rotation is. This makes it possible, the spiral roller and the Rotate shaft at the same peripheral speed to let. That means that neighboring waves and coils have the same peripheral speeds, whereby a crushing of the material is avoided, as the Parts through the coil can not be moved faster and on the shaft can not be braked. This embodiment For example, it is advantageous when nuts and bolts to be separated. Here is a crushing of the too sorting material not desired.

Since the spiral rollers exposed to very high stresses They are advantageously made of high strength steel or high-strength plastic.

The one-sided storage of the spiral rollers has the advantage that the space below the sieve of three Pages is accessible, which is particularly advantageous in the Discharging the divided fractions.

The device according to the invention is characterized a lot of advantages.

On the one hand, the device according to the invention is constipation-proof. The rotating spiral rollers cause a roller track effect of the material in two directions by the helical formation of the spiral rollers. As a result, a blockage of the device is avoided. The device also shows a very good conveying behavior.

On the other hand, the device can handle a large Throughput can be kept in an extremely small design.

In addition, the device has a very small Power consumption due to no comminution of the material takes place, but a pure separation process performed becomes.

To a high degree, the device is through the Interlocking of the spiral rollers self-cleaning. Especially this advantage occurs in wet materials.

The device according to the invention has moreover a high selectivity. Especially in combination with the conveyer belt feeding in a flat feed angle is this high selectivity of the long parts and the cubic Parts as well as the failing small parts guaranteed.

According to a preferred embodiment, the spiral roll provided with a smooth surface to one Shredding the material to be separated also to avoid.

Due to the flat feed of the material by means of Conveyor belt, the entire device has a low Height on, which again the extremely small design of Overall device is guaranteed.

By the lateral task of the material on the helix, that is, by the task transverse to the longitudinal axes the spiral roll, a material deflection is not necessary which in turn increases the selectivity.

Due to the one-sided storage of the spiral rollers is ensured that a safe discharge behavior occurs. This means that the material is not in the device Keeps hanging.

Since the device according to the invention designed selbststreater is the device is great and difficult Use of contaminants. For example, pre-shredded Bulky waste with the inventive device in different fractions are separated.

The device according to the invention is moreover Can be used for shredded wood, bark, excavated earth, mixtures from demolition work, building rubble, concrete debris with mild steel wires and materials with very undefined impurities.

Fig. 1

eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung in Draufsicht;

Fig. 2

eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung in perspektivischer Ansicht;

Fig. 3

eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung in Seitenansicht;

Fig. 4

eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung in Seitenansicht mit dargestelltem Zuführwinkel;

Fig. 5

eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung in Draufsicht mit abführenden Förderbändern;

Fig. 6

eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung in Draufsicht zur Trennung von zwei Fraktionen;

Fig. 7

eine Spiralwalze mit unabhängig voneinander drehbarer Welle und Wendel in Vorderansicht;

Fig. 8

eine Spiralwalze mit unabhängig voneinander drehbarer Welle und Wendel in Seitenansicht.

Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the accompanying drawings, in which two embodiments of a device for sorting waste according to the invention are shown by way of example only. In the drawing show:

Fig. 1

a device according to the invention in plan view;

Fig. 2

a device according to the invention in a perspective view;

Fig. 3

a device according to the invention in side view;

Fig. 4

a device according to the invention in side view with illustrated feed angle;

Fig. 5

a device according to the invention in plan view with laxative conveyor belts;

Fig. 6

a device according to the invention in plan view for the separation of two fractions;

Fig. 7

a spiral roll with independently rotatable shaft and helix in front view;

Fig. 8

a spiral roll with independently rotatable shaft and helix in side view.

Figs. 1 and 2 show a device (1) with spiral rollers (2), which are mounted on one side in bearings (3). The spiral rollers are driven by a motor (4). The material to be sorted (5) by means of a conveyor belt (6) fed to the spiral rollers (2). By means of the device (1) the material (5) is divided into three fractions, namely in long parts (7), in cubic parts (8) and in fines (9) separated.

The fines (9) fall through gaps (10) between the spiral rollers (2). The long parts become crosswise Longitudinal axes (11) of the spiral rollers (2) transported and dropped. The cubic parts (8) become parallel to the Longitudinal axes of the spiral rollers (2) transported and dropped. As a result, three fractions are obtained.

In Fig. 2, the transport direction of the parts is still once shown. The long parts are in the direction of Arrows (A), the cubic parts in the direction of the arrow (B) transported. The fines fall in the direction of Arrows (C) through spaces (10) of the spiral rollers (2). In the direction of the arrow (D), the material (5) (in FIG. 2 not shown) supplied.

The spiral roller part of the device (1) can in the Be adjusted so that in the conveying direction of Arrows (A) the spiral rollers (2) rising or falling are arranged. That means the material is moving in the direction of the arrow (A) promoted rising or falling becomes. As a result, the selectivity is changeable and ever adjustable according to inclination.

Fig. 3 shows the device (1) with the spiral rollers (2). The spiral rollers (2) have shafts (12) and screw flights (20). The screw flights (20) reach up to the waves (12) of the adjacent ones Spiral rollers (2).

The conveyor belt (6) containing the material (5) (not shown), is advantageously arranged such that the height (X), with which the material of the device (1), that is, the spiral rollers (2) is supplied, between Zero and 2 × Z, where Z is the diameter of the spiral rolls equivalent. The distance (Y) between the feeder (6) and the first spiral roller (2 ') is advantageous between zero and 2.Z. Depending on the material supplied The distances can be larger.

According to Fig. 4, the device (1) with the spiral rollers (2) and the conveyor belt (6). The feeding angle, with which the material from the conveyor belt (6) Spiral rollers (2) is supplied, based on a Plane (E), between minus 30 ° and plus 45 °.

The plane (E) is parallel to a storage plane (L) the spiral rollers (2). By the maximum angle of plus 45 ° ensures that long parts (not shown in Fig. 4) not perpendicular through the spaces (10) of the Spiral rollers (2) can fall. Through the shallow feed is thus a high selectivity of the device (1) guaranteed.

Fig. 5 shows the device (1) with the spiral rollers (2) and the feeding conveyor belt (6). The three fractions of the material (5) according to this embodiment by means of Conveyor belts (13, 14, 15) transported away.

The conveyor belt (13) containing the fraction (M1) of the Removed small parts, lies in the plane below the spiral rollers (2) and extends to below the spiral rollers (2). On the conveyor belt (14), the fraction (M2) of Long parts removed. On the conveyor belt (15) is the Group (M3) of the cubic parts removed.

Fig. 6 shows the device (1) with the conveyor belt (6), which supplies the material to be separated (5). The Device (1) has long spiral rollers (2) and shortened spiral rollers (16, 17, 18). As a result, only two fractions are obtained. On the conveyor belt (13) is transported away the fraction of fines, while a conveyor belt (19) together separated fractions (M2, M3) of the long parts and the transported away cubic parts.

Figs. 7 and 8 show a spiral roll (2) with a Shaft (12) and a helix (20). The shaft (12) and the Wendel (20) are independent of each other in the direction of Rotatable arrows (F, G). The peripheral speeds of Shaft (12) and the helix (20) are the same, so that a Crushing of the material to be separated does not occur.

reference numerals

1

contraption

2

Spiralwalze

2 '

Spiralwalze

3

camp

4

engine

5

material

6

conveyor belt

7

long parts

8th

cubic parts

9

fines

10

interspaces

11

longitudinal axis

12

waves

13

conveyor belt

14

conveyor belt

15

conveyor belt

16

Spiralwalze

17

Spiralwalze

18

Spiralwalze

19

conveyor belt

20

Conveyor screw spiral

A, B, C, D

arrows

F, G

arrows

X, Y

distances

Z

Diameter of the spiral rollers

α

angle

e

level

L

storage level

M1

fraction

M2

fraction

M3

fraction

Claims (17)

Device for sorting substantially solid materials with a plurality of spiral rollers rotating about their longitudinal axes, which are arranged parallel to each other at least approximately in one plane,
characterized in that the spiral rollers (2) are mounted only on one side, a feeding device (6) for the material to be sorted (5) is arranged on the device (1) such that the feeding takes place transversely to longitudinal axes (11) of the spiral rollers (2). Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the feeding device (6) for the material to be sorted (5) is formed as a feed device (6) feeding the material (5) at a shallow angle (α) to the spiral rollers (2). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the feed angle (α) for feeding the material (5) relative to a storage plane (L) of the rollers (2) is between minus 30 degrees and plus 45 degrees. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the feed device (6) feeds the material (5) on a bearing-free side of the device (1). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spiral rollers (2) are designed as intermeshing spiral rollers (2). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a conveyor screw helix (20) of a spiral roller (2) extends to a hub of an adjacent spiral roller (2). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distance of the conveyor screw helix (20) to an adjacent shaft (12) is at least one to two millimeters. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a distance between the spiral rollers (2) is adjustable to each other. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a conveying direction (A) of the material to be sorted (5) on the spiral rollers (2) transversely to the axial direction (11) of the spiral rollers (2) is aligned. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the feed device (6) for the material to be sorted (5) as a conveyor belt, vibrating chute, chute or the like is formed. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for discharging separate material fractions (M1, M2, M3) at least one conveying device (13, 14, 15, 19) is provided. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that all the spiral rollers (2) are formed as rotating in a direction of rotation spiral rollers (2). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the conveyor screw helices (20) of the spiral rollers (2) are designed to be movable relative to the shafts (12) of the spiral roller (2). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one spiral roll (16, 17, 18) is shorter than the other spiral rolls (2), and that the at least one shorter spiral roll (16, 17, 18) as an am Edge of the device (1) arranged spiral roller (16, 17, 18) is formed. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the feed device (6) feeds the material (5) in the amount of the spiral rollers (2). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the feed device (6) in the feed height (X) is adjustable. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spiral rollers (2) made of high-strength steel and / or high-strength plastic.

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