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EP1554521B1 - Projecteur a del pour eclairage asymetrique - Google Patents

Projecteur a del pour eclairage asymetrique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1554521B1
EP1554521B1 EP03758006A EP03758006A EP1554521B1 EP 1554521 B1 EP1554521 B1 EP 1554521B1 EP 03758006 A EP03758006 A EP 03758006A EP 03758006 A EP03758006 A EP 03758006A EP 1554521 B1 EP1554521 B1 EP 1554521B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
light
illumination device
semiconductor light
optics
optical elements
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP03758006A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1554521A1 (fr
Inventor
Manfred Griesinger
Markus Hartlieb
Wilhelm Kincses
Hans-Georg Leis
Siegfried Rothe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mercedes Benz Group AG
Original Assignee
DaimlerChrysler AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE10310263A external-priority patent/DE10310263A1/de
Application filed by DaimlerChrysler AG filed Critical DaimlerChrysler AG
Publication of EP1554521A1 publication Critical patent/EP1554521A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1554521B1 publication Critical patent/EP1554521B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V13/00—Producing particular characteristics or distribution of the light emitted by means of a combination of elements specified in two or more of main groups F21V1/00 - F21V11/00
    • F21V13/02—Combinations of only two kinds of elements
    • F21V13/04—Combinations of only two kinds of elements the elements being reflectors and refractors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/30—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors
    • F21S41/32—Optical layout thereof
    • F21S41/322—Optical layout thereof the reflector using total internal reflection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
    • F21V7/0091—Reflectors for light sources using total internal reflection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an LED headlamp which has an asymmetrical illumination characteristic and a method for operating such a headlamp according to the preamble of claims 1 and 10.
  • a vehicle headlamp should be designed so that it shapes the light emitted by it so that as a result of the superposition the exiting light creates a prescribed for vehicle headlights light distribution; In particular, the formation of a clear bright-dark border and an asymmetrical characteristic of the illumination to avoid the glare of oncoming traffic is necessary.
  • the publication US 2001/019486 A1 also discloses a headlight comprising a field of individual radiator elements based on semiconductor light sources. In this case, it is possible in each case to control a plurality of the individual radiators in groups so as to radiate light specifically into predefined spatial areas. By suitable interconnection of individual emitters so the lighting characteristics of the headlight can be controlled.
  • the illumination system described in US Pat. No. 6,144,158 A by employing a field of semiconductor lasers or alternatively a deflection device for the light beam of a single semiconductor laser, produces an illumination characteristic which has the clear light-dark boundary required in road traffic and an asymmetrical characteristic.
  • a laser light source which is necessary for the light bundling and which is less robust and expensive than shaking, has a disadvantageous effect on the possibilities of economically feasible realization.
  • a realized on the basis of cost-effective LED light sources headlight is known from the document DE 100 05 795 A1.
  • a variable in its luminous characteristic headlight realized by a field of individual emitters with at least one arranged in front of each individual emitter optics.
  • Each of these optics can be moved in relation to the individual elements in all three spatial directions in order to influence the respective light beam emitted by the individual light element. In this way, variable control of the beam emitted by the headlight can be achieved.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to find an inexpensive to manufacture lighting device which has an asymmetric lighting characteristic, which at the same time has a clear bright-dark boundary and thereby exploits as possible the entire output from the semiconductor light source radiation power.
  • the illumination optics is formed by a field (array) of single optics.
  • the individual optics are designed as flat as possible in an inventive manner, so that the light entrance opening of the optics has an elongated, substantially rectangular shape.
  • each individual optics has a central region perpendicular to the light entry surface, the projection of which in a two-dimensional plane corresponds to a cylindrical 2-dimensional cartoval.
  • a kartoval is a geometric surface which, as the interface of a refractive medium, collects the light emanating from one focal point, even for large aperture angles in a second focal point.
  • the light exit surface of the optic formed in the form of a Kartoval is combined with a parabolic reflector.
  • FIG. 1 shows the beam geometry on which the calculation is based.
  • Light beam 20 is intended here to represent that light which emerges perpendicularly from the light source 60 without refraction at the edge 10 of the optical system from its light exit surface.
  • Light beam 21 exits at an angle ⁇ from the semiconductor light source and impinges on the inside of the wall 10 at an angle d ⁇ against the normal. For this reason, the light beam 21 is refracted and exits at an angle ⁇ from the optics at the light exit surface.
  • the wall 10 Since the wall 10 has the contour of a Kartoval in an inventive manner, the light beam 21 is deflected in such a way that it runs parallel to the unbroken light beam 20 after exiting the optics.
  • sin ⁇ sin ⁇ n
  • FIG. 3 shows the beam path of the light beams 21a-d for a point source 60 and the resulting critical angle ⁇ g .
  • the illumination optics which essentially have the shape of a two-dimensional Kartoval, are combined with a parabolic reflector. This reflector should also have the property of converting the light emanating from the focal point into a parallel bundle.
  • the inventive optics is made quite flat, wherein the light entrance opening F has a substantially rectangular cross section, wherein a Dimension of the cross-section is substantially smaller than the other; as will be explained below with reference to Figure 10, is the rectangular cross-section is advantageously made so narrow that just a semiconductor light source 60 can be attached to the entire surface of the optics.
  • a 3-dimensional edge image of this optical system is depicted in four different views in FIG. 4 a.
  • the illustrations above all emphasize the edges of the optics, as shown in hatched form the side surfaces A, B and 10 (light exit opening).
  • FIG. 5 shows the projection of the side face E of the optics according to the invention, in which case the contour of the kartoval shaped central region and of the parabolic reflector adjoining the outside thereof clearly appears.
  • the reflector is now designed so that at the corresponding to the surfaces C and D regions 40a and 40b of the contour at the light exit of the beam 23a refraction takes place in such a way that the emerging from the optics beams 23a and 21 run parallel.
  • the course of the light beam 23a should thereby be influenced by turning the parabolic contour 41a corresponding to the outer surfaces A and B of the optics in the direction towards 41b.
  • the parabola contour 41 is to be rotated inwards by the necessary angle in order to avoid that a light beam 23x emerges from the optics, which does not run parallel to the other parallel beam.
  • FIG. 6 shows as a result of a calculation the energy distribution of the light emerging from the optical system according to the invention.
  • the intensity distribution in the x-direction and the y-direction is shown in the form of a curve. It is thus clear that the light beam emerging from the optics is strongly bundled in the y-direction. Also in the x-direction, the light intensity emitted by the optics is clearly localized.
  • the horizontal width of the light spot can be influenced by tilting the side surfaces E of the optics in such a way that the optic tapers from the light exit surface G towards the light entry surface F.
  • a corresponding geometry is shown in Figure 7, which shows a side view from the direction of the side surface A and B respectively. It is clear that in this profitable embodiment of the invention, the height extent F l of the light entrance surface F of the optics smaller as the height extent G l whose light exit surface 10 is.
  • Such elements, especially with parabolic side surfaces are known from solar technology (CPC, Compound Parabolic Concentrator).
  • the curved course of the side face E for a parabolic curvature is indicated by a dashed line.
  • a suitably parabolically shaped reflector for optimal utilization of the light emitted by the light source can be adapted to a cartouched central region formed in this way.
  • the cross-section whose light entry surface F deviates from the generally rectangular shape has a trapezoidal shape, as shown in FIG.
  • the side surfaces of this trapezoidal shape are inclined by the angle ⁇ and ⁇ relative to the horizontal. It is conceivable that the two inclination angles ⁇ and ⁇ in their amount equal or to choose different from each other.
  • FIG. 9 shows the result of a calculation of the energy distribution of the light emerging from the advantageous optic with inclined side surfaces. In the calculation, the inclination angles ⁇ and ⁇ were set to 5 ° and 7 °, respectively.
  • the intensity profile of the light emerging from a substantially vertically arranged optical system is again shown in false color representation.
  • the intensity distribution at specific positions in the x-direction and y-direction is shown in the form of a curve.
  • the radiation characteristic of the optics in the far field contrary to the case shown in Figure 6, a significant curvature perpendicular to the radiation direction.
  • this radiation characteristic also shows a clear light / dark transition. In this simulation as well, it was assumed that the light source is centered with respect to the light entrance surface F of the optics.
  • FIG. 10 shows the projection of the light entry surface F of the inventive optical system, in this case with a rectangular cross section, with a semiconductor light source 60 adjoining centrally in the middle.
  • the semiconductor light source 60 is applied centrally on the light entry surface as shown in FIG.
  • the thickness dimension of the optics is selected in a profitable manner so that it exceeds the dimensions of the semiconductor light source 60 as little as possible. In this way, optics with optimally small footprint, whereby it is possible to accommodate a variety of optics within a lighting source according to the invention in a small space and thus to achieve maximum light output.
  • the semiconductor light source 60 By moving the semiconductor light source 60 along the connecting line between the points P1 and P2, it is achieved that the light from the optics emerges asymmetrically. It is conceivable either to position the semiconductor light source 60 fixedly at an arbitrary position along this connecting line, in order to achieve the desired asymmetrical radiation characteristic, or to arrange the optic slidably over the semiconductor light source 60, so that the desired asymmetry of the light emission by suitable displacement of the optics can be achieved with respect to the semiconductor light source 60. Alternatively, it is also conceivable to arrange a plurality of semiconductor light sources at the light entry surface F of the individual optics along the connecting line between P1 and P2 instead of a displaceable optic. Thus, the light emerging from the optics can be changed in its luminous characteristic advantageously without mechanical adjustment, simply by selective electrical control and selection.
  • the optics In the arrangement of the optics to the illumination device according to the invention, it is conceivable in an advantageous manner individually to arrange the individual semiconductor light sources 60 to the respective optics arranged in a field so that the illumination device has an asymmetric radiation characteristic. Additionally or alternatively, however, it is also conceivable to achieve the asymmetrical radiation characteristic by arranging custom-shaped optics adapted to the desired light emission; in this case, it is conceivable that part of the optics having a rectangular light entrance surface F (corresponding to FIG. 10) and another part of the optics to perform with trapezoidal light entry surfaces F (corresponding to Figure 8). Also, in a profitable manner, the optics at least in part accordingly be executed the embodiment shown in Figure 7.
  • the individual optics within the illumination device are assigned to a plurality of semiconductor light sources, pivoting of the illuminated cone emitted by the device or, in general, a change in the asymmetrical illumination properties of the illumination device can be effected by one of the plurality of optics associated with each Semiconductor light sources is driven.
  • Such alternating activation of the light sources mounted on a single optics leads to the same beam pivoting as is the case in the prior art for displaceably arranged lens optics, without, however, having to resort to a prone, less robust mechanism.
  • this advantageous embodiment also offers the possibility of individually controlling the individual optics within a group of optics without any outlay; this is not economically viable in the case of a mechanically variable deflection device.
  • the lighting device is designed so that the semiconductor light sources independently of the other individually or in groups can be controlled dimmed or activated or deactivated to light targeted and situation adapted to the environment can.
  • the inventive lighting device is suitable for use as a headlight in a motor vehicle to illuminate the environment in front of the vehicle asymmetrically.
  • the individual optics associated with the headlamp are aligned with respect to the road surface such that the x-axes of the optics are substantially parallel thereto; i.e. the individual optics should be arranged essentially vertically (corresponding to, for example, FIG. 4).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un nouveau projecteur qui dispose d'une caractéristique d'éclairage asymétrique, a une limite clair-obscur précise alors que pratiquement la totalité de la puissance de rayonnement fournie par la source de lumière à semi-conducteur est utilisée. Selon l'invention, le projecteur est composé d'un champ de sources de lumière à semi-conducteur individuelles qui sont dotées d'optiques de forme nouvelle. Les optiques sont réalisées pour être au maximum plates de sorte que l'ouverture d'entrée de lumière de l'optique a une forme allongée sensiblement rectangulaire. De plus, les optiques présentent, perpendiculairement à la surface d'entrée de lumière (F), une zone centrale dont la projection dans un plan bidimensionnel correspond à un cartoval cylindrique bidimensionnel. Afin d'améliorer encore l'utilisation de la lumière qui sort de la source de lumière à semi-conducteur, la surface de sortie de lumière (G) de l'optique, en forme de cartoval, est combinée dans le cadre de l'invention à un réflecteur parabolique (A, B).

Claims (13)

  1. Dispositif d'éclairage, à utiliser notamment dans un véhicule automobile, qui est formé par un champ d'optiques individuelles à chacune desquelles est associée au moins une source lumineuse semiconductrice, notamment une diode électroluminescente, sachant que les optiques présentent perpendiculairement à la surface d'entrée de lumière une région centrale dont la projection dans un plan à deux dimensions correspond à une surface géométrique qui, en tant que surface limite d'un milieu réfringent, regroupe la lumière provenant d'un foyer dans un deuxième foyer même pour de grands angles d'ouverture,
    caractérisé en ce que la surface d'entrée de lumière (F) des optiques présente une forme oblongue essentiellement rectangulaire, et en ce que cette région centrale est combinée à un réflecteur parabolique.
  2. Dispositif d'éclairage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les surfaces extérieures A et B du réflecteur sont tournées en direction de la région centrale de l'optique de telle sorte que tous les rayons issus de l'optique sont essentiellement parallèles.
  3. Dispositif d'éclairage selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les surfaces extérieures A et B du réflecteur sont revêtues d'une couche réfléchissante ou sont totalement réfléchissantes.
  4. Dispositif d'éclairage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les surfaces latérales E de l'optique sont inclinées de telle sorte que l'optique se rétrécit depuis la surface de sortie de lumière G vers la surface d'entrée de lumière F.
  5. Dispositif d'éclairage selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que les surfaces latérales sont conçues, notamment par dépôt de couches réfléchissantes ou courbure, de telle sorte qu'on obtient un grand angle d'acceptation dans la direction de rayonnement.
  6. Dispositif d'éclairage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la surface d'entrée de lumière des optiques individuelles présente une forme trapézoïdale.
  7. Dispositif d'éclairage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que plusieurs sources lumineuses semi-conductrices sont associées à au moins une des optiques individuelles.
  8. Dispositif d'éclairage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les différentes sources lumineuses semi-conductrices sont individuellement activées.
  9. Dispositif d'éclairage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les optiques et les sources lumineuses semi-conductrices sont disposées avec possibilité de déplacement les unes par rapport aux autres.
  10. Procédé d'asservissement d'un dispositif d'éclairage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les sources lumineuses semi-conductrices sont individuellement asservies en fonction de la caractéristique de rayonnement souhaitée,
    sachant que les sources lumineuses semi-conductrices sont pour cela totalement ou partiellement activées.
  11. Procédé selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que, dans le cas où plusieurs sources lumineuses semi-conductrices sont associées à une optique individuelle, elles sont asservies en fonction de la caractéristique de rayonnement souhaitée.
  12. Procédé selon la revendication 10 ou 11, caractérisé en ce que, afin de modifier la caractéristique de rayonnement du dispositif d'éclairage, les lentilles et les sources lumineuses semi-conductrices sont déplacées les unes par rapport aux autres.
  13. Utilisation du dispositif d'éclairage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes comme projecteur de véhicule automobile pour l'éclairage asymétrique de l'environnement devant un véhicule automobile.
EP03758006A 2002-10-24 2003-10-17 Projecteur a del pour eclairage asymetrique Expired - Lifetime EP1554521B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10249819 2002-10-24
DE10249819 2002-10-24
DE10310263 2003-03-10
DE10310263A DE10310263A1 (de) 2002-10-24 2003-03-10 LED-Scheinwerfer zur asymmetrischen Ausleuchtung
PCT/EP2003/011516 WO2004038285A1 (fr) 2002-10-24 2003-10-17 Projecteur a del pour eclairage asymetrique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1554521A1 EP1554521A1 (fr) 2005-07-20
EP1554521B1 true EP1554521B1 (fr) 2006-07-05

Family

ID=32178278

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03758006A Expired - Lifetime EP1554521B1 (fr) 2002-10-24 2003-10-17 Projecteur a del pour eclairage asymetrique

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20060098447A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1554521B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2006504249A (fr)
DE (1) DE50304161D1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004038285A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202004010922U1 (de) 2004-07-12 2005-11-24 Leica Geosystems Ag Neigungssensor
EP1920285A4 (fr) * 2005-07-28 2010-11-03 Light Prescriptions Innovators Éléments optiques lenticulaires à forme libre et leur application à des condensateurs et projecteurs
TW200735327A (en) * 2005-12-14 2007-09-16 Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv Collimation arrangement and illumination system and display device using the same
EP2383562A1 (fr) * 2006-02-27 2011-11-02 Illumination Management Solutions, Inc. Dispositif DEL amélioré pour génération de faisceau large
US7829899B2 (en) 2006-05-03 2010-11-09 Cree, Inc. Multi-element LED lamp package
US10234689B1 (en) 2018-03-09 2019-03-19 Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories, Inc. Compound optics with freeform optical surface

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2254961A (en) * 1937-08-21 1941-09-02 George M Cressaty Unitary lens system
US3228288A (en) * 1961-10-20 1966-01-11 Square D Co Interlocking cap and lens for indicator lights
JPH08339704A (ja) * 1995-06-12 1996-12-24 Nippondenso Co Ltd 車両用灯具装置
ES2190599T3 (es) * 1997-08-07 2003-08-01 Decoma Int Inc Sistema de gestion de luz delgado para orientar y distribuir la luz de una o mas fuentes luminosas y metodo de fabricacion de estructuras opticas para su uso en el sistema.
US6273596B1 (en) * 1997-09-23 2001-08-14 Teledyne Lighting And Display Products, Inc. Illuminating lens designed by extrinsic differential geometry
DE10005795C2 (de) * 2000-02-10 2003-06-12 Inst Mikrotechnik Mainz Gmbh Scheinwerfer mit einer Anzahl von Einzellichtemittern
DE10009782B4 (de) * 2000-03-01 2010-08-12 Automotive Lighting Reutlingen Gmbh Beleuchtungseinrichtung eines Fahrzeugs

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2006504249A (ja) 2006-02-02
US20060098447A1 (en) 2006-05-11
DE50304161D1 (de) 2006-08-17
WO2004038285A1 (fr) 2004-05-06
EP1554521A1 (fr) 2005-07-20

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