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EP1432892A1 - Procede d'utilisation d'une centrale electrique - Google Patents

Procede d'utilisation d'une centrale electrique

Info

Publication number
EP1432892A1
EP1432892A1 EP02775019A EP02775019A EP1432892A1 EP 1432892 A1 EP1432892 A1 EP 1432892A1 EP 02775019 A EP02775019 A EP 02775019A EP 02775019 A EP02775019 A EP 02775019A EP 1432892 A1 EP1432892 A1 EP 1432892A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
power plant
operating
oxygen
plant according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP02775019A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Hans Ulrich Frutschi
Timothy Griffin
Hans Wettstein
Dieter Winkler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GE Vernova GmbH
Original Assignee
Alstom Technology AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alstom Technology AG filed Critical Alstom Technology AG
Publication of EP1432892A1 publication Critical patent/EP1432892A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04636—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a hybrid air separation unit, e.g. combined process by cryogenic separation and non-cryogenic separation techniques
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
    • F02C3/20—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
    • F02C3/34—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid with recycling of part of the working fluid, i.e. semi-closed cycles with combustion products in the closed part of the cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04521—Coupling of the air fractionation unit to an air gas-consuming unit, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J3/04527—Integration with an oxygen consuming unit, e.g. glass facility, waste incineration or oxygen based processes in general
    • F25J3/04533—Integration with an oxygen consuming unit, e.g. glass facility, waste incineration or oxygen based processes in general for the direct combustion of fuels in a power plant, so-called "oxyfuel combustion"
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
    • C10J2300/1807—Recycle loops, e.g. gas, solids, heating medium, water
    • C10J2300/1823—Recycle loops, e.g. gas, solids, heating medium, water for synthesis gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/80—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using membrane, i.e. including a permeation step
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/50—Oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
    • F25J2240/70—Steam turbine, e.g. used in a Rankine cycle
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/151—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions, e.g. CO2

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating a power plant according to the preamble of the independent claim.
  • Power plant systems are generally known which burn carbon-containing fuels with the supply of compressed atmospheric air.
  • combustion gases generated during combustion such as carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and nitrogen oxides, represent a complex problem and are not least responsible for global warming.
  • a power plant with a closed or quasi-closed circuit is known from EP 0 953 748 A1.
  • the circuit is operated with a CO 2 -containing medium with an internal combustion of a fuel and the necessary oxygen. Excess CO 2 is removed from the circuit and introduced into a condensing system, the condensed CO 2 can then be disposed of in an environmentally friendly manner.
  • a closed or quasi-closed circuit with the addition of pure Oxygen also prevents atmospheric nitrogen from entering the flame, which means that no or only a small amount of nitrogen oxides are generated.
  • inert gases introduced with the fuel or oxygen accumulate in the process well above the initial concentration and can lead to a significant impairment of the efficiency of the process by shifting the thermodynamic properties of the working medium.
  • the composition of the fuel used cannot be influenced by the process described, but pure oxygen should be added to the process in order to keep the proportion of inert gases as low as possible
  • the invention has for its object to provide high purity oxygen at low cost in methods for operating a power plant of the type mentioned.
  • the advantages of the invention can be seen, inter alia, in that after leaving the coarse separation plant, the oxygen-enriched air, which therefore has a reduced mass flow, is passed into the air separation plant and processed there.
  • the upstream coarse separation plant can therefore make the conventional air separation plant much smaller and cheaper.
  • the permeated air component can be either oxygen or nitrogen, depending on the membrane type.
  • Fig. 1 shows a circuit of a gas turbine process with a closed circuit.
  • FIG. 1 shows a gas turbine with a closed or at least quasi-closed, i.e. largely closed cycle.
  • This gas turbine or gas turbine group consists aggregate of a compressor unit 1, a generator 19 coupled to this compressor 1, one with the compressor
  • turbomachines 1 and 3 can take place via a common shaft 20.
  • the compressor can also be equipped with an intercooler, not shown, or with means for isothermal cooling.
  • the circuit further comprises a cooler and / or heat recovery unit 4, a water separator 5, and a CO 2 demoulding system 6.
  • the CO 2 discharged via the CO 2 demoulding system 6 can, for example, is condensed via an unillustrated Auskondens mecanicsstrom and are then disposed of to the environment.
  • a circulating medium 21 largely consisting of CO 2 and possibly H 2 O, is compressed and fed to the combustion chamber 2.
  • a fuel mass flow 7, here for example natural gas or methane CH 4 , and an oxygen flow 12 are further fed to the combustion chamber 2 and in the combustion chamber
  • the resulting hot gas 22 here consisting essentially of the components CO 2 and H 2 O and possibly with inert gases supplied with the oxygen or the fuel, is fed to the turbine 3 and expanded there with the release of work.
  • the turbine outlet stream is fed to the cooler and / or waste heat processor 4 via a line 16 and cooled there.
  • the water precipitated by the cooling is excreted via the water separator 5.
  • the remaining circulating medium 21 from the majority of CO 2 is then fed back to the compressor 1. Since the components CO 2 and H 2 O resulting from the combustion are continuously removed, a cycle is created with a largely constant composition of the working medium.
  • the circulating medium can also be liquefied by heat dissipation, in which case a pump can be used instead of the compressor.
  • a cryogenic air separation plant 11 is used to produce the oxygen stream 12.
  • the cryogenic separation of mixtures, such as air, to obtain oxygen (O 2 ) and nitrogen (N 2 ) is known.
  • O 2 oxygen
  • N 2 nitrogen
  • the cryogenic air separation plant 11 is therefore preceded by a coarse separation plant 9 which operates according to a simple membrane principle and is designed in one or more stages, in which, for example, polymer membranes can be used.
  • the intake air 8 is enriched with oxygen by separating nitrogen.
  • the permeated air component can be either oxygen or nitrogen.
  • any necessary temperature control of the membrane module can be achieved by heat integration with the waste heat processor 4 or the cryogenic air separation unit 11. After leaving the coarse separation plant, the mass flow of air 10 enriched to at least 40 vol.% Oxygen and thus reduced by at least 50% is passed into the cryogenic air separation plant, which can thus be made much smaller and cheaper than without the upstream rough separation plant 9.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé d'utilisation d'une centrale électrique comportant un circuit fermé ou quasi-fermé. Ladite centrale est essentiellement composée d'au moins une unité de compression (1) ou d'une pompe, d'au moins une chambre de combustion (2), d'au moins une turbine (3) et d'au moins une source froide (4). Dans la chambre de combustion (2), un flux massique de combustible (14) réagit avec au moins un flux d'oxygène (12). Les produits de combustion excédentaires ainsi produits (CO2, H2O) sont prélevés du circuit dans une zone adaptée (5, 6), et le flux d'oxygène alimenté à la chambre de combustion (12) est obtenu au moyen d'un système de séparation de l'air. Des organes (9) de séparation grossière de l'air alimenté (8) sont placés en amont du système de séparation de l'air (11) de manière à enrichir en oxygène l'air (10) alimenté au système de séparation de l'air (11).
EP02775019A 2001-09-25 2002-09-24 Procede d'utilisation d'une centrale electrique Withdrawn EP1432892A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10147476 2001-09-25
DE10147476 2001-09-25
PCT/IB2002/003955 WO2003027459A1 (fr) 2001-09-25 2002-09-24 Procede d'utilisation d'une centrale electrique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1432892A1 true EP1432892A1 (fr) 2004-06-30

Family

ID=7700361

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02775019A Withdrawn EP1432892A1 (fr) 2001-09-25 2002-09-24 Procede d'utilisation d'une centrale electrique

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US6886344B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1432892A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE10155936A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003027459A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU2003250784A1 (en) * 2002-07-14 2004-02-09 Rerum Cognitio Gesellschaft Fur Marktintegration Deutscher Innovationen Und Forschungsprodukte Mbh Method for the separation of residual gases and working fluid in a combined cycle water/steam process
EP3078909B1 (fr) * 2002-10-10 2022-05-11 LPP Combustion, LLC Procédé de vaporisation de combustibles liquides pour combustion
CA2590584C (fr) 2004-12-08 2014-02-11 Lpp Combustion, Llc Procede est dispositif de conditionnement de combustibles hydrocarbures liquides
US8529646B2 (en) 2006-05-01 2013-09-10 Lpp Combustion Llc Integrated system and method for production and vaporization of liquid hydrocarbon fuels for combustion
JP5366941B2 (ja) * 2007-06-19 2013-12-11 アルストム テクノロジー リミテッド 排ガス再循環型ガスタービン設備
EP2196650A4 (fr) * 2007-09-28 2010-11-03 Central Res Inst Elect Installation de turbine et appareil de génération d'énergie
US20100024378A1 (en) * 2008-07-30 2010-02-04 John Frederick Ackermann System and method of operating a gas turbine engine with an alternative working fluid
US8806849B2 (en) * 2008-07-30 2014-08-19 The University Of Wyoming System and method of operating a power generation system with an alternative working fluid
US20100044643A1 (en) * 2008-08-22 2010-02-25 Hunton Energy Holdings, LLC Low NOx Gasification Startup System
US9297306B2 (en) * 2008-09-11 2016-03-29 General Electric Company Exhaust gas recirculation system, turbomachine system having the exhaust gas recirculation system and exhaust gas recirculation control method
EA029336B1 (ru) * 2010-07-02 2018-03-30 Эксонмобил Апстрим Рисерч Компани Системы и способ производства энергии путем стехиометрического сгорания с обогащенным воздухом и рециркуляцией отработавшего газа

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JPH0593519A (ja) * 1991-04-02 1993-04-16 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd ガス化複合発電プラント
US6170264B1 (en) * 1997-09-22 2001-01-09 Clean Energy Systems, Inc. Hydrocarbon combustion power generation system with CO2 sequestration
US5724805A (en) * 1995-08-21 1998-03-10 University Of Massachusetts-Lowell Power plant with carbon dioxide capture and zero pollutant emissions
AU2001276823A1 (en) * 2000-05-12 2001-12-03 Clean Energy Systems, Inc. Semi-closed brayton cycle gas turbine power systems
US6868677B2 (en) * 2001-05-24 2005-03-22 Clean Energy Systems, Inc. Combined fuel cell and fuel combustion power generation systems

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
See references of WO03027459A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US6886344B2 (en) 2005-05-03
DE10155936A1 (de) 2003-05-08
US20040177617A1 (en) 2004-09-16
WO2003027459A1 (fr) 2003-04-03

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