EP1432847A1 - Method for removing at least one area of a layer of a component consisting of metal or a metal compound - Google Patents
Method for removing at least one area of a layer of a component consisting of metal or a metal compoundInfo
- Publication number
- EP1432847A1 EP1432847A1 EP02730264A EP02730264A EP1432847A1 EP 1432847 A1 EP1432847 A1 EP 1432847A1 EP 02730264 A EP02730264 A EP 02730264A EP 02730264 A EP02730264 A EP 02730264A EP 1432847 A1 EP1432847 A1 EP 1432847A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- component
- layer
- cleaning agent
- metal
- corrosion products
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002366 halogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical group O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 abstract description 50
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 114
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 26
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000012720 thermal barrier coating Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- KLZUFWVZNOTSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-K Aluminum fluoride Inorganic materials F[Al](F)F KLZUFWVZNOTSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- -1 aluminum compound Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 4
- IRPGOXJVTQTAAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropanal Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C=O IRPGOXJVTQTAAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004696 coordination complex Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005486 sulfidation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003310 Ni-Al Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002679 ablation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011088 calibration curve Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- AWGWKAZLSXEUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N carboxy 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC(O)=O AWGWKAZLSXEUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007750 plasma spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009419 refurbishment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000859 sublimation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008022 sublimation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010626 work up procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/12—Blades
- F01D5/28—Selecting particular materials; Particular measures relating thereto; Measures against erosion or corrosion
- F01D5/288—Protective coatings for blades
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
- C23C10/28—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
- C23C10/30—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using solids, e.g. powders, pastes using a layer of powder or paste on the surface
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G5/00—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/005—Repairing methods or devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2230/00—Manufacture
- F05B2230/90—Coating; Surface treatment
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2230/00—Manufacture
- F05D2230/90—Coating; Surface treatment
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for removing a layer region of a component consisting of metal or a metal compound, in which a multicomponent cleaning agent is applied in a simple manner to the component or the layer region, whereby after a heat treatment of the component with the cleaning agent the layer region easier to remove or remove.
- One way to increase the efficiency and thus reduce the operating costs, is to increase the inlet temperatures of a combustion gas within a gas turbine.
- ceramic thermal insulation layers were developed, which are applied to thermally stressed components, for example. Superalloys, which in particular could no longer withstand the high inlet temperatures in the long run.
- the ceramic thermal barrier layer offers the advantage of high temperature resistance due to its ceramic properties and the metallic substrate offers the advantage of good mechanical properties of this composite or layer system.
- an adhesion-promoting layer of the composition MCrAlY (main constituents) is applied between the substrate and the ceramic thermal barrier coating, where M means that a metal of nickel, chromium or iron is used.
- composition of these MCrAlY layers may vary, but all MCrAlY layers are subject to corrosion due to oxidation, sulfidation, nitridation, or other chemical and / or mechanical attack, despite the overlying ceramic layer.
- the MCrAlY layer often degrades to a greater extent than the metallic substrate, i. the lifetime of the composite system of substrate and layer is determined by the lifetime of the MCrAlY layer.
- the MCrAlY interlayer is only partially functional after prolonged use, however, the substrate can still be fully functional.
- a method of removing corrosion products is known from US Pat. No. 6,217,668.
- the corroded component is accommodated in a large crucible, wherein the component is arranged in a powder bed with an aluminum source.
- the crucible must be partially closed and then heated in an oven. The heating process supplies aluminum to the corroded component, which allows the areas to be removed by a subsequent acid treatment, which was previously easier to remove, ie had a higher erosion resistance.
- the invention overcomes the disadvantages described by a method as described in claim 1.
- the method according to the invention has the advantage that layer regions, for example corrosion products of components, are removed in a simple manner.
- the ablation can be achieved by mechanical methods, e.g. Sandblasting, jetting, dry ice blasting, and / or by chemical methods, e.g. an acid treatment.
- the cleaning agent adheres at least partially to the component, in an advantageous manner, for example, the front and back of the component can simultaneously be removed from corrosion products in accordance with the method according to the invention.
- the adhesion of the cleaning agent to the component can be advantageously carried out by the cleaning agent having a paste-like consistency, in that, for example, the cleaning agent contains a binder.
- the cleaning agent can also be mixed with a carrier liquid with or without binder and be brushed onto the component or the component is coated by immersion in a flowable mass of liquid and detergent with the cleaning agent.
- the cleaning agent can also be advantageously applied only locally on the component, since areas that are not corroded need no application of the cleaning agent, which detergent can be saved.
- masks are no longer necessary in order to protect areas in which no cleaning agent has to be applied, as in the case of large-area application (powder bed, plasma spraying, running aluminum melt).
- the application of the cleaning agent advantageously takes place in the vicinity of the corrosion products, because thereby the at least one component of the cleaning agent has short diffusion paths during the heat treatment.
- the cleaning agent is applied, for example, in a thin layer on the component, so that compared to the embedding of the component in a powder bed considerably less material is consumed.
- the crucible means
- the sacrificial zone in MCrAlY layers advantageously has a metallic impregnating component, advantageously aluminum, aluminum compound or an aluminum alloy,
- the cleaning agent may advantageously also contain the metal component in the form of a metal complex.
- the metal component in the form of a metal complex.
- the impregnating component must at least partially diffuse out of the cleaning agent into the component. This advantageously takes place in that the impregnating component is applied in gaseous form to the component.
- the gaseous compound is formed by a reaction with the activating agent, wherein the impregnating agent is advantageously not melted, whereby the process temperatures and thus process costs are reduced.
- halogen compounds such as ammonium chloride, which forms aluminum with aluminum chloride.
- the formation of the gaseous compound can be controlled by advantageously adding a carrier substance, for example aluminum oxide, to the cleaning agent, whereby the gas formation is controlled and uniform.
- a carrier substance for example aluminum oxide
- the method is advantageously suitable for layer systems such as e.g. a turbine blade having a layer system of a metallic substrate, a MCrAlY layer and a ceramic thermal barrier coating applied thereto.
- Corrosion products on the MCrAlY layer lead below the corrosion products (Al 2 0 3 ), to a depletion of aluminum in the MCrAlY layer, which thereby become more resistant to acid treatment.
- the cleaning agent contains aluminum as a metallic component, however, aluminum according to the process of the invention re-accumulates in the previous aluminum-depleted areas of the MCrAlY layer, so that these areas, such as the MCrAlY layer, then dissolve by acid treatment on these areas located corrosion products are replaced with.
- erosion-resistant layer areas can be removed, or degraded areas, such as e.g. Areas containing corrosion products that form a layer on the corroded part, but also corrosion products that are below the surface of the corroded part.
- the area of the cleaning agent that is on the component near the surface is before the component is arranged, depleted at the at least one impregnating component.
- the heat treatment is thus ended when the sacrificial zones are large enough, ie in the case of the MCrAlY layer, the aluminum-depleted areas are sufficiently enriched with aluminum again. If this is not the case, the cleaning agent can be removed and the component can then be subjected to a thermal treatment, wherein advantageously the impregnation of the cleaning agent, which is already present in the component by diffusion, penetrate by diffusion deeper into the component and thus advantageously enlarging the sacrificial or sacrificial layer in depth.
- An optimum temperature of the thermal treatment is above the temperature of the heat treatment up to the solution annealing temperature of the component.
- FIG. 1 shows a corroded metallic component
- FIG. 2 shows a component in which a cleaning paste is applied, which contains a metallic component which penetrates into the corroded area (FIG. 3) by a further method step and thus enables a detachment of the corroded area of the component (FIG. 4),
- FIG. FIG. 5, 6 shows a layer system in which a layer has corroded areas,
- FIG. 7 shows a layer system
- FIG. 8 shows degraded regions of a layer of the layer system which are removed by means of the method according to the invention (FIG. 9)
- FIG. 10 shows a substrate with a degraded region which is removed by means of the method according to the invention (FIG. and
- FIG. 12 shows a layer system with a chromium layer which is removed by means of the method according to the invention (FIG. 13).
- the corrosion 1 shows a component 1 made of metal, a metal alloy or a metal compound which has on one surface 7 external corrosion products 4 and / or inside the component 1 internal corrosion products 5, which are present for example in separately formed regions.
- the corrosion products 4 may also be continuous, or be present on the entire surface 7, thus forming a corrosion layer.
- the component 1 can be solid or a layer or a region of a composite or layer system 16 (FIGS. 5, 6).
- the corrosion products 4, 5 have formed during the use of the component 1 and are undesirable for the further use of the component 1 and must be removed. This is often done by treatment in an acid bath.
- Corrosion product 4, 5 a component of the component 1 in the area around the corrosion product 4, 5, the so-called depletion area, extracts a component. Therefore, there is an uneven removal or no removal of the corrosion products or the material in the depletion area.
- the method according to the invention makes it possible to remove the corrosion products completely and uniformly with the material of the component 1.
- a rough removal of the corrosion products or other areas by mechanical methods such as. Sandblasting, and / or chemical agents, e.g. Acid bath, done.
- a multicomponent cleaning agent 10 is applied to the corroded component 1, in particular in the areas with the corrosion products 4, 5, which in this example represent the more abrasion-resistant areas (FIG. 2), ie the layer area 52 Layer region 52 is indicated by a dashed line and comprises all corrosion products 4, 5.
- the cleaning agent 10 contains at least one impregnating component 13, which reacts with at least one activation component of the cleaning agent 10 to form at least one gaseous compound during a heat treatment.
- the impregnating component 13 is brought into contact with the component 1 or precipitates there, where it forms an impregnating layer in the material of the component 1, for example. From this impregnating layer or directly from the gaseous compound, the impregnating agent diffuses into the regions with the corrosion products 4, 5. The impregnating component 13 is then present at least partially in the regions with the corrosion products 4, 5.
- the region thus formed, the so-called sacrificial zone 25 (FIG. 3), can be removed in uniform removal together with the material of the component 1, for example by means of an acid bath.
- a layer region 52 to be removed is indicated by a dashed line.
- the layer region 52 to be removed comprises all corrosion products, but may also be present deeper than the deepest corrosion product 5.
- the acid treatment reduces a thickness of the component 1, from a thickness d (FIG. 3) to a smaller thickness d '(FIG. 4).
- FIG. 4 shows a component 1 without internal and external corrosion products 4, 5 due to the treatment according to the method according to the invention.
- the choice of the material of the at least one impregnating component depends on the composition of the material of the component 1 and / or the corrosion products 4, 5.
- the activation component has the task of bringing the impregnating component onto the surface 7 of the part. This happens because the activation component with the impregnation component can form a gaseous compound which can be deposited on the surface 7 of the component 1. To this end, e.g. Halogen compounds into consideration.
- FIG. 5 shows as a component 1 a layer system 16 which is formed, for example, by a turbine blade or vane.
- the layer system 16 in this case consists of a substrate 3, for example a superalloy, for example the base composition Ni 3 Al.
- a layer 22 is applied, for example with the Composition MCrAlY, where M stands for a chemical element Cr, Ni or Fe.
- This so-called MCrAlY layer forms a corrosion protection layer, which is also known as
- Adhesive layer can act for a not shown on the layer 22 applied ceramic thermal barrier coating.
- the layer system 16 for example, it comes to oxidation, nitridation or sulfidation, i. Degradation of the MCrAlY layer 22, so that in the layer 22
- the corrosion products 4, 5 form an at least partially existing layer in or on or below the surface 7 of the component 16.
- Corrosion products i. towards the substrate 19, at least one sacrificial zone 25 of aluminum-depleted MCrAlY is formed.
- these depleted regions represent the more abrasion-resistant region, that is to say the layer region 52.
- the layer region 52 to be removed is identified by a dashed line and comprises all corrosion products 4, 5 or the entire layer 22.
- the MCrAlY layer can also deplete of chromium (Cr), so that the impregnation component 13 has, for example, the elements Al and / or Cr.
- the impregnating component 13 may also contain other metals, eg cobalt, or elements or combinations thereof. Both the corrosion products 4 and the sacrificial zone 25 have in the acid bath compared with the material of the layer 22, ie the MCrAlY, a higher acid resistance.
- a rough removal of the ceramic thermal barrier coating, the corrosion products or other areas by mechanical methods, such. Sandblasting, and / or chemical agents, e.g. Acid bath, done.
- the metal component 13 which in this example contains aluminum, diffuses both into the regions with the corrosion products 4 and into the sacrificial zones 25, so that there the at least one metal component 13 is available. Only by enrichment with the metal component 13 can a specific layer thickness of the layer 22 (MCrAlY) be removed uniformly during an acid bath treatment of the layer system 16.
- the cleaning agent 10 may also have a plurality of metallic components 13 (Al, Cr), if necessary for the composition of the corrosion products or the depleted sacrificial zones 25.
- the metallic component 13 is, for example, mixed with at least one carrier substance, for example aluminum oxide or aluminum silicate.
- the cleaning agent 10 may also contain the metallic component 13 in the form of a metal complex.
- the cleaning agent 10 at least one activating agent, for example.
- a halogen compound for example in the form of ammonium chloride (NHC1) on.
- the aluminum reacts as metal component 13 with the Ha ligen connection to a gaseous compound.
- a gaseous compound This is in the example of ammonium chloride aluminum chloride.
- the gaseous compound penetrates into the at least one sacrificial zone 25 or enables the aluminum to be injected into the component 1 by, for example, forming an impregnating layer (FIG. 6). Therefore, the metal component 13 does not have to be melted. But it may also be that the gaseous compound forms only at temperatures which is above the melting point of the at least one impregnating, since, for example, a sublimation occurs.
- the impregnating component 13 and the activating component are contained in a compound (eg A1F 3 ).
- a compound eg A1F 3
- A1F gaseous compound aluminum fluoride
- the heat treatment can be carried out in vacuo or in the protective gases hydrogen and / or argon.
- the cleaning agent 10 may also have, for example, an organic binder (carboxyl methacrylate, carboxyl methyl cellulose or similar compounds), so that the cleaning agent 10 has a paste-like or mud-like consistency the corroded component 1 can be applied well and can adhere to the component 1, 16 due to the binder.
- an organic binder carboxyl methacrylate, carboxyl methyl cellulose or similar compounds
- the invention is not limited to the said application methods.
- concentration of the metal component 13 in the area of the cleaning agent 10 facing the surface 7 decreases. From this area, only a metal component 13 or, in the extreme case, no metal component 13 can more easily enter the component 1 diffuse.
- Another, desired deeper penetration of the metal component 13 in the depth of the material 1 takes place only by further diffusion of the already diffused metal component 13.
- prolonged holding of the component 1 at elevated temperature would result in the metal component 13 passing from a surface 11 of the cleaning agent 10 via the gaseous compound to surface regions 8 of the component 1 on which no cleaning agent 10 had been applied and also no metallic penetration Component 13 or the reaction products is desired.
- the cleaning agent 10 is removed in this case after a certain period of heat treatment and there is only another, desired penetration of the metal component 13 in the depth of the material 1 by diffusion of the already diffused into the component 1 metallic component 13 due to a thermal treatment of the component 1 without detergent 10 instead.
- Thermal treatment is, for example, made possible by a solution annealing of the component 1.
- the removal of the cleaning agent 1 causes no problems, since the metallic component 13 is not melted.
- the cleaning agent 10 may be applied locally, in particular over the erosion-resistant areas, over a large area or entirely on the component 1, 16.
- sacrificial zone 25 results in a sacrificial zone 25 to a depth of 80 .mu.m in a heat treatment at 925 ° C and 2h duration, after removal of the detergent is a thermal treatment at 1120 ° C for at most 20h instead: sacrificial zone 25 has a depth of 150 ⁇ m.
- the duration of the thermal treatment or the temperature can be adjusted by means of calibration curves (diffusion depth as a function of time and temperature) of the spatial extent of the corrosion products in the component.
- a mask layer can be applied before the heating, which prevents the metallic component 13 from reaching the surface 11 of the cleaning agent 10 to surfaces 8 of the component 1 on which no cleaning agent was applied and also no penetration the metallic component 13 is desired.
- the cleaning agent 10 can remain on the component 1 and nevertheless a heat treatment be carried out in order to achieve the effect described above.
- the invention is not limited to parts of gas turbines, but also works with components which have at least one layer, for example an oxidation protection layer, acid protection layer or corrosion protection layer.
- FIG. 7 shows a layer system 16 that consists of a substrate 19, for example a nickel-based superalloy, an intermediate layer, in particular an MCrAlY layer 28, and an outer heat-insulating layer 31.
- the layer system 16 was exposed in use mechanical and thermal loads and should be restored for re-use (refurbishment).
- the thermal barrier coating 31 is removed by sandblasting, for example. This can be done in a simple manner by mechanical means, since it is in the
- Thermal barrier coatings 31 are mostly ceramic, i. brittle layers.
- the at least one intermediate layer 28 is metallic and is more difficult to remove by mechanical means.
- FIG. 8 shows the layer system 16 in which the thermal barrier coating 31 has already been removed and the intermediate layer 28 is shown enlarged.
- the intermediate layer 28 is degraded. Degradation means in the case that corrosion products, ie oxides, nitrides and sulfides have formed or that a phase segregation has taken place, for example the coagulation of aluminum phases 43 or a change in the concentration structure due to Diffusions.
- the intermediate layer 28 does not necessarily have the following appearance: In a first zone 34, on which the thermal barrier coating 31 was applied, there are external 4 and internal corrosion products 5 which have been formed by contact and reaction with a reactive medium.
- a second zone 37 which adjoins the first zone 34 in the direction of the substrate 19, for example, no corrosion products are present, but due to the diffusion due to thermal stress, aluminum or aluminum phases or other elements have coagulated.
- the second zone 37 is followed by a third zone 40, which is located between the substrate 19 and the second zone 37.
- the concentration of the intermediate layer 28 has changed from its initial composition due to diffusion of elements into the substrate 19.
- this is aluminum, for example, which is present in the MCrAlY layer in a higher concentration than in the substrate 19 and therefore due to the
- Diffusion of concentration diffused into the substrate.
- the entire intermediate layer 28 is degraded, which represents the layer region 52 to be removed.
- the third zone 40 can also be made part of a sacrificial zone 25 by impregnation with the impregnating agent 13 and removed.
- the entire intermediate layer 28 is removed by diffusing the impregnating agent 13 into the entire intermediate layer 28 as far as the substrate 19 (FIG. 9).
- the removal of the intermediate layer 28 takes place as already described above.
- FIG. 10 shows a substrate 19, for example a nickel-base superalloy of a turbine blade, which has been degraded by use in a degraded near-surface region 46, which represents the layer region 52 to be removed.
- the degraded region 46 is, for example, by corrosion or by in-diffusion of elements into the substrate 19 or path diffusion of elements of the Substrate 19 emerged in layers or layer areas of the substrate resting thereon.
- an impregnating agent 13 is introduced into the degraded region 46, so that the degraded region 46 becomes a sacrificial zone 25 and can be removed completely and more easily (FIG. 11).
- the layer region 52 to be removed comprises at least the degraded region but can also be enlarged.
- FIG. 12 shows a layer system 16 that consists of a substrate 19 and a, for example, undegraded chromium layer 49, which represents the layer region 52 to be removed, since a chromium-containing or chromium layer 49 has a high resistance to erosion against chemical erosion processes.
- the application example is not limited to a chromium layer or the chromium layer can also be degraded by corrosion, for example.
- the layer 49 can be removed by the usual removal methods such as e.g. Badly remove acid stripping.
- the impregnating agent 13 is allowed to penetrate into the layer 49, as a result of which the layer 49 can be removed more easily by the customary methods, for example acid stripping
- the impregnation component 13 may penetrate into the substrate by the heat treatment, or the sacrificial zone 25 may be enlarged by an extension zone 54 during the thermal treatment due to diffusion.
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Abstract
Description
Verfahren zur Entfernung von zumindest einem Schichtbereich eines Bauteils aus Metall oder einer MetallverbmdungMethod for removing at least one layer region of a component made of metal or a metal compound
Gebiet der ErfindungField of the invention
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Entfernung von einem Schichtbereich eines aus Metall oder einer Metallverbmdung bestehenden Bauteils, bei der ein mehrkomponentiges Reinigungsmittel auf einfache Art und Weise auf das Bauteil oder den Schichtbereich aufgebracht wird, wodurch sich nach einer Wärmebehandlung des Bauteils mit dem Reinigungsmittel der Schichtbereich leichter entfernen oder abtragen lasst.The invention relates to a method for removing a layer region of a component consisting of metal or a metal compound, in which a multicomponent cleaning agent is applied in a simple manner to the component or the layer region, whereby after a heat treatment of the component with the cleaning agent the layer region easier to remove or remove.
Hintergrund zur ErfindungBackground to the invention
In heutigen modernen Energieerzeugungsanlagen, wie z.B. Gasturbinenanlagen, spielt der Wirkungsgrad e ne wichtige Rolle, weil dadurch die Kosten für den Betrieb der Gasturbinenanlagen reduziert werden können.In today's modern power generation plants, such as Gas turbine plants, the efficiency plays an important role, because it can reduce the cost of operating the gas turbine plants.
Eine Möglichkeit, den Wirkungsgrad zu erhohen und damit die Betriebskosten zu reduzieren, besteht darin, Einlasstemperaturen eines Verbrennungsgases innerhalb einer Gasturbine zu erhohen.One way to increase the efficiency and thus reduce the operating costs, is to increase the inlet temperatures of a combustion gas within a gas turbine.
Aus diesem Grunde wurden keramische Warmedammschichten entwickelt, die auf thermisch belasteten Bauteilen, bspw. aus Superlegierungen, aufgebracht werden, die alleme den hohen Einlasstemperaturen auf Dauer nicht mehr standhalten konnten. Die keramische Warmedammschicht bietet den Vorteil einer hohen Temperaturresistenz aufgrund ihrer keramischen Eigenschaften und das metallische Substrat bietet den Vorteil der guten mechanischen Eigenschaften diesem Verbund- oder Schichtsystem. Typischerweise ist zwischen dem Substrat und der keramischen Wärmedämmschicht eine Haftvermittlungsschicht der Zusammensetzung MCrAlY (Hauptbestandteile) aufgebracht, wobei M bedeutet, dass ein Metall aus Nickel, Chrom oder Eisen verwen- det wird.For this reason, ceramic thermal insulation layers were developed, which are applied to thermally stressed components, for example. Superalloys, which in particular could no longer withstand the high inlet temperatures in the long run. The ceramic thermal barrier layer offers the advantage of high temperature resistance due to its ceramic properties and the metallic substrate offers the advantage of good mechanical properties of this composite or layer system. Typically, an adhesion-promoting layer of the composition MCrAlY (main constituents) is applied between the substrate and the ceramic thermal barrier coating, where M means that a metal of nickel, chromium or iron is used.
Die Zusammensetzung dieser MCrAlY-Schichten kann variieren, jedoch unterliegen alle MCrAlY-Schichten trotz der aufliegenden Keramikschicht einer Korrosion durch Oxidation, Sulfida- tion, Nitridation oder anderen chemischen und/oder mechanischen Angriffen.The composition of these MCrAlY layers may vary, but all MCrAlY layers are subject to corrosion due to oxidation, sulfidation, nitridation, or other chemical and / or mechanical attack, despite the overlying ceramic layer.
Die MCrAlY-Schicht degradiert dabei häufig in einem stärkeren Maße als das metallische Substrat, d.h. die Lebensdauer des Verbundsystems aus Substrat und Schicht wird bestimmt durch die Lebensdauer der MCrAlY-Schicht.The MCrAlY layer often degrades to a greater extent than the metallic substrate, i. the lifetime of the composite system of substrate and layer is determined by the lifetime of the MCrAlY layer.
Die MCrAlY-Zwischenschicht ist nach längerem Einsatz nur noch bedingt funktionstüchtig, hingegen kann das Substrat noch voll funktionstüchtig sein.The MCrAlY interlayer is only partially functional after prolonged use, however, the substrate can still be fully functional.
Es besteht also der Bedarf, die im Einsatz degradierten Bauteile, bspw. Turbinenschaufeln, Leitschaufeln oder Brennkammerteile aufzuarbeiten, wobei die korrodierten Schichten oder Zonen der MCrAlY-Schicht abgetragen werden müssen, um eventuell neue MCrAlY-Schichten und/oder wiederum eine Wärmedämmschicht aufzubringen. Die Verwendung von vorhandenen, benutzten Substraten führt zu einer Kostenreduzierung beim Betrieb von Gasturbinenanlagen.There is therefore a need to work up the degraded components in use, for example turbine blades, guide vanes or combustor parts, whereby the corroded layers or zones of the MCrAlY layer have to be removed in order to possibly apply new MCrAlY layers and / or again a thermal barrier coating. The use of existing, used substrates leads to a cost reduction in the operation of gas turbine plants.
Dabei muss beachtet werden, dass das Design der Turbinenschaufel oder der Leitschaufel nicht verändert wird, d.h. dass ein gleichmässiger Oberflächenabtrag von Material erfolgt.It should be noted that the design of the turbine blade or vane is not changed, i. that a uniform surface removal of material takes place.
Weiterhin dürfen keine Korrosionsprodukte zurückbleiben, die bei einer neuen Beschichtung mit einer MCrAlY-Schicht und/oder einer keramischen Wärmedämmschicht eine Fehlerquelle bilden oder zu einer schlechten Haftung der Wärmedämmschicht führen.Furthermore, no corrosion products may be left, which in the case of a new coating with an MCrAlY layer and / or a ceramic thermal barrier coating form a source of error or lead to poor adhesion of the thermal barrier coating.
Ein Verfahren zur Entfernung von Korrosionsprodukten ist aus der US-PS 6,217,668 bekannt. Bei diesem Verfahren wird das korrodierte Bauteil in einem großen Tiegel untergebracht, wobei das Bauteil in einem Pulverbett mit einer Aluminiumquelle angeordnet ist. Der Tiegel muss teilweise abgeschlossen und dann in einem Ofen erwärmt werden. Durch den Wärmeprozess wird dem korrodierten Bauteil Aluminium zugeführt, wodurch sich die Bereiche durch eine anschließende Säurebehandlung entfernen lassen, die sich vorher schlechter abtragen ließen, also eine höhere Abtragungsresistenz aufwiesen.A method of removing corrosion products is known from US Pat. No. 6,217,668. In this method, the corroded component is accommodated in a large crucible, wherein the component is arranged in a powder bed with an aluminum source. The crucible must be partially closed and then heated in an oven. The heating process supplies aluminum to the corroded component, which allows the areas to be removed by a subsequent acid treatment, which was previously easier to remove, ie had a higher erosion resistance.
Für das Pulverbett wird viel Material benötigt und der Tiegel beansprucht viel Raum im Ofen während der Wärmebehandlung. Der Wärmeprozess dauert wegen der großen Wärmekapazität auch länger.A lot of material is needed for the powder bed and the crucible takes up a lot of space in the oven during the heat treatment. The heat process takes longer due to the large heat capacity.
Ein weiteres Verfahren zur Entfernung von Oberflächenschichten von metallischen Beschichtungen ist aus der US-PS 6,036,995 bekannt. Bei diesem Verfahren wird die Aluminiumquelle durch eine Paste auf ein korrodiertes Bauteil aufge- tragen. Das Bauteil mit der Paste muss jedoch erwärmt werden, bis das Aluminium schmilzt, so dass erst dann eine Diffusion von Aluminium in das Bauteil hinein stattfinden kann. Die geschmolzene Aluminiumschicht lässt sich schlecht entfernen, da sie sehr gut auf dem Bauteil haftet.Another method for removing surface layers of metallic coatings is known from US Pat. No. 6,036,995. In this process, the aluminum source is applied to a corroded component by a paste. However, the component with the paste must be heated until the aluminum melts, so that only then can diffusion of aluminum into the component take place. The molten aluminum layer is difficult to remove, as it adheres very well to the component.
Beschreibung der ErfindungDescription of the invention
Die Erfindung überwindet die beschriebenen Nachteile durch ein Verfahren wie es im Anspruch 1 beschrieben ist. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, dass auf einfache Art und Weise Schichtbereiche bspw. Korrosionsprodukte von Bauteilen entfernt werden. Dabei ist es erstmals möglich, die Abscheidung von einem Imprägnierstoff aus der Gasphase in einem lokal kontrollierbaren Verfahren durchzuführen, so dass es trotz der gasförmigen Verbindung mit dem Imprägnierstoff nicht zu einer Imprägnation in Bereichen kommt, die unbehandelt bleiben sollen.The invention overcomes the disadvantages described by a method as described in claim 1. In contrast, the method according to the invention has the advantage that layer regions, for example corrosion products of components, are removed in a simple manner. In this case, it is possible for the first time to carry out the deposition of an impregnating substance from the gas phase in a locally controllable process, so that, despite the gaseous compound with the impregnating substance, there is no impregnation in areas which are to remain untreated.
Durch die in den abhängigen Ansprüchen aufgeführten Verfahrensschritte sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Verbesserungen des im Anspruch 1 genannten Verfahrens möglich.The method steps listed in the dependent claims advantageous refinements and improvements of claim 1 method are possible.
Vor dem Auftragen eines Reinigungsmittels, in einem Zwischenschritt des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens, auf das Bauteil oder den Schichtbereich ist es vorteilhaft, zumindest grob die Korrosionsprodukte oder andere Bereiche, wie z.B. eine Wärmedämmschicht einer Turbinenschaufel, abzutragen, weil dadurch die folgenden Verfahrensschritte erleichtert und zeitlich verkürzt und somit Kosten reduziert werden.Before applying a cleaning agent, in an intermediate step of the method according to the invention, to the component or the layer area, it is advantageous, at least roughly, for the corrosion products or other areas, such as e.g. a heat-insulating layer of a turbine blade, ablate, because it facilitates the following process steps and shortened in time and thus costs are reduced.
Die Abtragung kann durch mechanische Verfahren, z.B. Sandstrahlen, Wasserstrahlen, Trockeneisstrahlen, und/oder durch chemische Verfahren, z.B. eine Säurebehandlung, erfolgen.The ablation can be achieved by mechanical methods, e.g. Sandblasting, jetting, dry ice blasting, and / or by chemical methods, e.g. an acid treatment.
Wenn das Reinigungsmittel auf dem Bauteil zumindest teilweise haftet, kann in vorteilhafter Art und Weise bspw. Vorder- und Rückseite des Bauteils gleichzeitig gemäß dem erfindungsge- mäßen Verfahren von Korrosionsprodukten entfernt werden.If the cleaning agent adheres at least partially to the component, in an advantageous manner, for example, the front and back of the component can simultaneously be removed from corrosion products in accordance with the method according to the invention.
Die Haftung des Reinigungsmittels auf dem Bauteil kann auf vorteilhafte Weise dadurch erfolgen, dass das Reinigungsmittel eine pastenartige Konsistenz aufweist, indem beispiels- weise das Reinigungsmittel einen Binder enthält. Das Reinigungsmittel kann auch mit einer Trägerflüssigkeit mit oder ohne Binder vermischt sein und auf das Bauteil aufgepinselt werden oder das Bauteil wird durch Eintauchen in eine fließfähige Masse aus Flüssigkeit und Reinigungsmittel mit dem Reinigungsmittel beschichtet.The adhesion of the cleaning agent to the component can be advantageously carried out by the cleaning agent having a paste-like consistency, in that, for example, the cleaning agent contains a binder. The cleaning agent can also be mixed with a carrier liquid with or without binder and be brushed onto the component or the component is coated by immersion in a flowable mass of liquid and detergent with the cleaning agent.
Das Reinigungsmittel kann auch auf vorteilhafte Art und Weise nur lokal auf dem Bauteil aufgebracht werden, da Bereiche, die nicht korrodiert sind, keine Auftragung des Reinigungsmittels benötigen, wodurch Reinigungsmittel gespart werden kann.The cleaning agent can also be advantageously applied only locally on the component, since areas that are not corroded need no application of the cleaning agent, which detergent can be saved.
So sind auch keine Masken mehr notwendig, um wie bei einer großflächigen Auftragung (Pulverbett, Plasmaspritzen, verlaufende Aluminiumschmelze) solche Bereiche zu schützen, in denen kein Reinigungsmittel aufgebracht werden muss.Thus, masks are no longer necessary in order to protect areas in which no cleaning agent has to be applied, as in the case of large-area application (powder bed, plasma spraying, running aluminum melt).
Die Aufbringung des Reinigungsmittels erfolgt vorteilhafterweise in der Nähe der Korrosionsprodukte, weil dadurch die zumindest eine Komponente des Reinigungsmittels kurze Diffu- sionswege während der Wärmebehandlung hat.The application of the cleaning agent advantageously takes place in the vicinity of the corrosion products, because thereby the at least one component of the cleaning agent has short diffusion paths during the heat treatment.
Das Reinigungsmittel wird bspw. in einer dünnen Schicht auf das Bauteil aufgebracht, so dass gegenüber dem Einbetten des Bauteils in ein Pulverbett erheblich weniger Material ver- braucht wird. Außerdem bedeutet die tiegelloseThe cleaning agent is applied, for example, in a thin layer on the component, so that compared to the embedding of the component in a powder bed considerably less material is consumed. In addition, the crucible means
Wärmebehandlung, dass in dem Ofen kein Platz durch die voluminösen Tiegel verbraucht wird, so dass mehr Bauteile in einem Ofenzyklus untergebracht werden können, was die Prozesskosten reduziert.Heat treatment that in the oven no space is consumed by the bulky crucible, so that more components can be housed in a furnace cycle, which reduces the process costs.
Der Wegfall und die Verringerung der Massen von Tiegeln bzw. Reinigungsmittel bedeutet, dass insgesamt deutlich weniger Masse erhitzt werden muss.The elimination and reduction of the masses of crucibles or cleaning agents means that significantly less mass has to be heated.
Durch ein Abtragungsverfahren, bspw. eine Säurebehandlung, wird die Oberfläche des unkorrodierten Bauteils gleichmäßig abgetragen. Die Korrosion erzeugt jedoch Bereiche des Bau- teils und/oder Korrosionsprodukte, die sich durch die Säurebehandlung nicht mehr so leicht entfernen oder abtragen lassen, also abtragungsresistenter sind. Dies führt bei einer Säurebehandlung als Abtragungsverfahren zu einer ungewollten, ungleichmäßigen Abtragung an korrodierten oder degradierten Bauteilen.By a removal process, for example. An acid treatment, the surface of the uncorroded component is removed evenly. However, corrosion creates areas of the building partly and / or corrosion products, which can no longer be so easily removed or removed by the acid treatment, ie are more resistant to abrasion. In the case of acid treatment as removal method, this leads to unwanted, uneven removal of corroded or degraded components.
Die durch die erfindungsgemäße Behandlung bewirkte Bildung zumindest einer Opferzone in dem abzutragenden Schichtbereich, d.h. den abtragungsresistenteren Bereichen des Bauteils führt dazu, dass die durch Degradation abtragungsresistenter gewordenen Bereiche sich wie Material des nicht degradierten Bauteils abtragen lassen bzw. die sowieso vorhandene hohe Abtragungsresistenz eines nicht degradierten Schichtbereichs erniedrigen.The formation of at least one sacrificial zone in the layer region to be removed, which is effected by the treatment according to the invention, ie. As a result of the regions of the component that are more resistant to erosion, the regions which have become more resistant to degradation by degradation can be removed like the material of the undegraded component or the high resistance to erosion of an undegraded layer region that is present anyway can be reduced.
Somit kann eine gleichmäßige Abtragung von korrodiertem und unkorrodiertem Material des Bauteils erfolgen.Thus, a uniform removal of corroded and uncorroded material of the component can take place.
Die Opferzone weist bei MCrAlY-Schichten vorteilhafterweise eine metallische Imprägnierkomponente, vorteilhafterweise Aluminium, Aluminiumverbindung oder eine Aluminiumlegierung auf,The sacrificial zone in MCrAlY layers advantageously has a metallic impregnating component, advantageously aluminum, aluminum compound or an aluminum alloy,
Das Reinigungsmittel kann die Metallkomponente auf vorteilhafte Weise auch in Form eines Metallkomplexes enthalten. Somit entfällt beispielsweise das Mischen eines metallischen Pulvers mit einer Trägersubstanz oder dem Aktivierungsmittel.The cleaning agent may advantageously also contain the metal component in the form of a metal complex. Thus, for example, the mixing of a metallic powder with a carrier substance or the activating agent is eliminated.
Die Imprägnierkomponente muss aus dem Reinigungsmittel heraus zumindest teilweise in das Bauteil diffundieren. Dies geschieht vorteilhafterweise dadurch, dass die Imprägnierkomponente gasförmig auf das Bauteil aufgebracht wird. Die gasförmige Verbindung entsteht durch eine Reaktion mit dem Aktivie- rungsmittel, wobei das Imprägniermittel vorteilhafterweise nicht aufgeschmolzen wird, wodurch die Prozesstemperaturen und damit Prozesskosten gesenkt werden. Als billiges und einfach verfügbares Aktivierungsmittel verwendet man vorteilhafterweise Halogenverbindungen, z.B. Ammoniumchlorid, das mit Aluminium Aluminiumchlorid bildet.The impregnating component must at least partially diffuse out of the cleaning agent into the component. This advantageously takes place in that the impregnating component is applied in gaseous form to the component. The gaseous compound is formed by a reaction with the activating agent, wherein the impregnating agent is advantageously not melted, whereby the process temperatures and thus process costs are reduced. As a cheap and readily available activating agent is advantageously used halogen compounds, such as ammonium chloride, which forms aluminum with aluminum chloride.
Die Bildung der gasförmigen Verbindung kann kontrolliert werden, indem man dem Reinigungsmittel vorteilhafterweise eine Trägersubstanz, bspw. Aluminiumoxid, beimischt, wodurch die Gasbildung kontrolliert und gleichmäßig wird. Das Verfahren eignet sich vorteilhafterweise für Schichtsysteme wie z.B. eine Turbinenschaufel, die ein Schichtsystem aus einem metallischen Substrat, einer MCrAlY-Schicht und einer darauf aufgebrachten keramischen Wärmedämmschicht aufweisen.The formation of the gaseous compound can be controlled by advantageously adding a carrier substance, for example aluminum oxide, to the cleaning agent, whereby the gas formation is controlled and uniform. The method is advantageously suitable for layer systems such as e.g. a turbine blade having a layer system of a metallic substrate, a MCrAlY layer and a ceramic thermal barrier coating applied thereto.
Korrosionsprodukte auf der MCrAlY-Schicht führen unterhalb der Korrosionsprodukte (Al203) , zu einer Verarmung an Aluminium in der MCrAlY-Schicht, die hierdurch resistenter gegen eine Säurebehandlung werden. Wenn das Reinigungsmittel als eine metallische Komponente Aluminium enthält, reichert sich Aluminium gemäss dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren aber wieder in den bisherigen Aluminium-verarmten Gebieten der MCrAlY- Schicht an, so dass sich dann durch eine Säurebehandlung diese Bereiche wie die MCrAlY-Schicht auflösen, wodurch die auf diesen Bereichen befindlichen Korrosionsprodukte mit abgelöst werden.Corrosion products on the MCrAlY layer lead below the corrosion products (Al 2 0 3 ), to a depletion of aluminum in the MCrAlY layer, which thereby become more resistant to acid treatment. If the cleaning agent contains aluminum as a metallic component, however, aluminum according to the process of the invention re-accumulates in the previous aluminum-depleted areas of the MCrAlY layer, so that these areas, such as the MCrAlY layer, then dissolve by acid treatment on these areas located corrosion products are replaced with.
Durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren können auf vorteilhafte Art und Weise abtragungsresistente Schichtbereiche entfernt werden, oder degradierte Bereiche, wie z.B. Bereiche, die Korrosionsprodukte enthalten, die eine Schicht auf dem korrodierten Bauteil bilden, aber auch Korrosionsprodukte, die sich unterhalb der Oberfläche des korrodierten Bauteils befinden.Advantageously, by the method according to the invention, erosion-resistant layer areas can be removed, or degraded areas, such as e.g. Areas containing corrosion products that form a layer on the corroded part, but also corrosion products that are below the surface of the corroded part.
Nach einer gewissen Zeit der Wärmebehandlung ist der Bereich des Reinigungsmittels, der auf dem Bauteil nahe der Oberflä- ehe des Bauteils angeordnet ist, verarmt an der zumindest einen Imprägnierkomponente. Die Wärmebehandlung ist damit beendet, wenn die Opferzonen groß genug sind, d.h. im Falle der MCrAlY-Schicht die an Aluminium verarmten Gebiete ausreichend wieder mit Aluminium angereichert sind. Wenn das noch nicht der Fall ist, kann das Reinigungsmittel entfernt werden und das Bauteil kann dann einer Thermobehandlung unterzogen werden, wobei man vorteilhafterweise die Imprägnierkomponente des Reinigungsmittels, die bereits in dem Bauteil durch Diffusion vorhanden ist, durch Diffusion tiefer in das Bauteil eindringen lässt und so die Opferzone oder Opferschicht auf vorteilhafte Art und Weise in der Tiefe vergrößert .After a period of heat treatment, the area of the cleaning agent that is on the component near the surface is before the component is arranged, depleted at the at least one impregnating component. The heat treatment is thus ended when the sacrificial zones are large enough, ie in the case of the MCrAlY layer, the aluminum-depleted areas are sufficiently enriched with aluminum again. If this is not the case, the cleaning agent can be removed and the component can then be subjected to a thermal treatment, wherein advantageously the impregnation of the cleaning agent, which is already present in the component by diffusion, penetrate by diffusion deeper into the component and thus advantageously enlarging the sacrificial or sacrificial layer in depth.
Eine optimale Temperatur der Thermobehandlung liegt oberhalb der Temperatur der Wärmebehandlung bis zur Lösungsglühtemperatur des Bauteils.An optimum temperature of the thermal treatment is above the temperature of the heat treatment up to the solution annealing temperature of the component.
In den Figuren sind Ausführungsbeispiele des erfindungsge- mäßen Verfahrens dargestellt.In the figures, exemplary embodiments of the inventive method are shown.
Es zeigenShow it
Figur 1 ein korrodiertes metallisches Bauteil,FIG. 1 shows a corroded metallic component,
Figur 2 ein Bauteil, bei dem eine Reinigungspaste aufgetragen ist, die eine metallische Komponente enthält, die durch einen weiteren Verfahrensschritt in den korrodierten Bereich (Fig. 3) eindringt und erst so ein Ablösen des korrodierten Bereichs des Bauteils ermöglicht (Fig. 4), Figur 5, 6 zeigt ein Schichtsystem, bei dem eine Schicht korrodierte Bereiche aufweist,FIG. 2 shows a component in which a cleaning paste is applied, which contains a metallic component which penetrates into the corroded area (FIG. 3) by a further method step and thus enables a detachment of the corroded area of the component (FIG. 4), FIG. FIG. 5, 6 shows a layer system in which a layer has corroded areas,
Figur 7 zeigt ein Schichtsystem, Figur 8 degradierte Bereiche einer Schicht des Schichtsystems, die mittels des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens entfernt werden (Fig. 9), Figur 10 zeigt ein Substrat mit einem degradierten Bereich, das mittels des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens entfernt wird (Fig. 11), und Figur 12 zeigt ein Schichtsystem mit einer Chromschicht, die mittels des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens entfernt wird (Fig. 13) .FIG. 7 shows a layer system, FIG. 8 shows degraded regions of a layer of the layer system which are removed by means of the method according to the invention (FIG. 9), FIG. 10 shows a substrate with a degraded region which is removed by means of the method according to the invention (FIG. and FIG. 12 shows a layer system with a chromium layer which is removed by means of the method according to the invention (FIG. 13).
Beschreibung der AusführungsbeispieleDescription of the embodiments
Figur 1 zeigt ein Bauteil 1 aus Metall, einer Metalllegierung oder aus einer Metallverbindung, das an einer Oberfläche 7 äußere Korrosionsprodukte 4 und/oder im Innern des Bauteils 1 innere Korrosionsprodukte 5 aufweist, die beispielsweise in getrennt voneinander ausgebildeten Gebieten vorhanden sind. Die Korrosionsprodukte 4 können auch zusammenhängend, oder auf der ganzen Oberfläche 7 vorhanden sein, also eine Korrosionsschicht bilden.1 shows a component 1 made of metal, a metal alloy or a metal compound which has on one surface 7 external corrosion products 4 and / or inside the component 1 internal corrosion products 5, which are present for example in separately formed regions. The corrosion products 4 may also be continuous, or be present on the entire surface 7, thus forming a corrosion layer.
Das Bauteil 1 kann massiv oder eine Schicht oder ein Bereich eines Verbund- oder Schichtsystems 16 sein (Fig. 5, 6) . Die Korrosionsprodukte 4, 5 haben sich während des Einsatzes des Bauteils 1 gebildet und sind für den weiteren Einsatz des Bauteils 1 unerwünscht und müssen entfernt werden. Dies geschieht häufig durch eine Behandlung in einem Säurebad.The component 1 can be solid or a layer or a region of a composite or layer system 16 (FIGS. 5, 6). The corrosion products 4, 5 have formed during the use of the component 1 and are undesirable for the further use of the component 1 and must be removed. This is often done by treatment in an acid bath.
Es kommt jedoch vor, dass das Material des Bauteils 1, degradierte Bereiche und die Korrosionsprodukte 4, 5 ein unterschiedliches Reaktionsvermögen in dem Säurebad aufweisen. Das unterschiedliche Auflösungsverhalten im Säurebad ist verursacht durch das unterschiedliche Auflösungsverhalten der Korrosionsprodukte 4, 5 oder weil eine ursprüngliche Zusammensetzung des Materials des Bauteils 1 sich verändert hat (Fig. 5, 6), z.B. weil dasHowever, it happens that the material of the component 1, degraded regions and the corrosion products 4, 5 have a different reactivity in the acid bath. The different dissolution behavior in the acid bath is caused by the different dissolution behavior of the corrosion products 4, 5 or because an original composition of the material of the component 1 has changed (FIGS. 5, 6), e.g. because that
Korrosionsprodukt 4, 5 einem Bereich des Bauteils 1 im Bereich um das Korrosionsprodukt 4, 5, dem sogenannten Verarmungsgebiet, eine Komponente entzieht. Daher kommt es zu einem ungleichmäßigen Abtrag oder zu keinem Abtrag der Korrosionsprodukte bzw. dem Material im Verarmungsgebiet. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ermöglicht es, die Korrosionsprodukte vollständig und gleichmäßig mit dem Material des Bauteils 1 zu entfernen.Corrosion product 4, 5 a component of the component 1 in the area around the corrosion product 4, 5, the so-called depletion area, extracts a component. Therefore, there is an uneven removal or no removal of the corrosion products or the material in the depletion area. The method according to the invention makes it possible to remove the corrosion products completely and uniformly with the material of the component 1.
Dabei kann bspw. in einem ersten Verfahrensschritt eine grobe Abtragung der Korrosionsprodukte oder anderer Bereiche durch mechanische Verfahren, wie z.B. Sandstrahlen, und/oder chemische Mittel, wie z.B. Säurebad, erfolgen.In this case, for example, in a first method step, a rough removal of the corrosion products or other areas by mechanical methods, such as. Sandblasting, and / or chemical agents, e.g. Acid bath, done.
In einem weiteren Verfahrensschritt wird ein mehrkomponenti- ges Reinigungsmittel 10 auf das korrodierte Bauteil 1, insbesondere in den Bereichen mit den Korrosionsprodukten 4, 5 aufgetragen, die in diesem Beispiel die abtragungsresistenteren Bereiche darstellen (Fig. 2), also den Schichtbereich 52. Der abzutragende Schichtbereich 52 ist durch eine gestrichelte Linie gekennzeichnet und umfasst alle Korrosionsprodukte 4, 5.In a further method step, a multicomponent cleaning agent 10 is applied to the corroded component 1, in particular in the areas with the corrosion products 4, 5, which in this example represent the more abrasion-resistant areas (FIG. 2), ie the layer area 52 Layer region 52 is indicated by a dashed line and comprises all corrosion products 4, 5.
Das Reinigungsmittel 10 enthält zumindest eine Imprägnierkom- ponente 13, die bei einer Wärmebehandlung mit zumindest einer Aktivierungskomponente des Reinigungsmittels 10 zu zumindest einer gasförmigen Verbindung reagiert.The cleaning agent 10 contains at least one impregnating component 13, which reacts with at least one activation component of the cleaning agent 10 to form at least one gaseous compound during a heat treatment.
Durch die gasförmige Verbindung wird die Imprägnierkomponente 13 mit dem Bauteil 1 in Kontakt gebracht oder schlägt sich dort nieder und bildet dort in dem Material des Bauteils 1 bspw. eine Imprägnierschicht. Aus dieser Imprägnierschicht oder direkt aus der gasförmigen Verbindung diffundiert das Imprägniermittel in die Bereiche mit den Korrosionsprodukten 4, 5 ein. Die I prägnierkomponente 13 ist dann zumindest teilweise in den Bereichen mit den Korrosionsprodukten 4, 5 vorhanden.Due to the gaseous compound, the impregnating component 13 is brought into contact with the component 1 or precipitates there, where it forms an impregnating layer in the material of the component 1, for example. From this impregnating layer or directly from the gaseous compound, the impregnating agent diffuses into the regions with the corrosion products 4, 5. The impregnating component 13 is then present at least partially in the regions with the corrosion products 4, 5.
Der so gebildete Bereich, die sogenannte Opferzone 25 (Fig. 3) , kann zusammen mit dem Material des Bauteils 1, beispielsweise durch ein Säurebad, in gleichmäßiger Abtragung entfernt werden. Ein abzutragender Schichtbereich 52 ist durch eine gestrichelt gezeichnete Linie gekennzeichnet. Der abzutragende Schichtbereich 52 umfasst alle Korrosionsprodukte, kann aber auch tiefer als das tiefste Korrosionsprodukt 5 vorhanden sein.The region thus formed, the so-called sacrificial zone 25 (FIG. 3), can be removed in uniform removal together with the material of the component 1, for example by means of an acid bath. A layer region 52 to be removed is indicated by a dashed line. The layer region 52 to be removed comprises all corrosion products, but may also be present deeper than the deepest corrosion product 5.
Durch die Säurebehandlung verringert sich eine Dicke des Bauteils 1, von einer Dicke d (Fig. 3) zu einer kleineren Dicke d' (Fig. 4) .The acid treatment reduces a thickness of the component 1, from a thickness d (FIG. 3) to a smaller thickness d '(FIG. 4).
Figur 4 zeigt ein Bauteil 1 ohne innere und äußere Korrosionsprodukte 4, 5 aufgrund der Behandlung gemäß dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren.FIG. 4 shows a component 1 without internal and external corrosion products 4, 5 due to the treatment according to the method according to the invention.
Die Wahl des Materials der zumindest einen Imprägnierkompo- nente hängt von der Zusammensetzung des Materials des Bauteils 1 und/oder der Korrosionsprodukte 4, 5 ab.The choice of the material of the at least one impregnating component depends on the composition of the material of the component 1 and / or the corrosion products 4, 5.
Die Aktivierungskomponente hat die Aufgabe, die Imprägnierkomponente auf die Oberfläche 7 des Teils zu bringen. Dies geschieht dadurch, dass die Aktivierungskomponente mit der Imprägnierkomponente eine gasförmige Verbindung bilden kann, die sich auf der Oberfläche 7 des Bauteils 1 abscheiden kann. Hierzu kommen z.B. Halogenverbindungen in Betracht.The activation component has the task of bringing the impregnating component onto the surface 7 of the part. This happens because the activation component with the impregnation component can form a gaseous compound which can be deposited on the surface 7 of the component 1. To this end, e.g. Halogen compounds into consideration.
Bezüglich des Verfahrens zu der Auftragung des Reinigungsmittels wird auf die US-PS 6,217,668 verwiesen, die ausdrücklich Teil dieser Offenbarung sein soll.With regard to the method of application of the cleaning agent, reference is made to US Pat. No. 6,217,668, which is expressly intended to be part of this disclosure.
Figur 5 zeigt als ein Bauteil 1 ein Schichtsystem 16, das beispielsweise durch eine Turbinenschaufel oder Leitschaufel gebildet ist.FIG. 5 shows as a component 1 a layer system 16 which is formed, for example, by a turbine blade or vane.
Das Schichtsystem 16 besteht in diesem Fall aus einem Sub- 3strat 19, beispielsweise einer Superlegierung, bspw. der Basis-Zusammensetzung Ni3Al. Auf dem Substrat 19 ist eine Schicht 22 aufgebracht, beispielsweise mit der Zusammensetzung MCrAlY, wobei M für ein chemisches Element Cr, Ni oder Fe steht. Diese sogenannte MCrAlY-Schicht bildet eine Korrosionschutzschicht, die auch alsThe layer system 16 in this case consists of a substrate 3, for example a superalloy, for example the base composition Ni 3 Al. On the substrate 19, a layer 22 is applied, for example with the Composition MCrAlY, where M stands for a chemical element Cr, Ni or Fe. This so-called MCrAlY layer forms a corrosion protection layer, which is also known as
Haftvermittlungsschicht für eine nicht dargestellte auf der Schicht 22 aufgebrachte keramische Wärmedämmschicht fungieren kann.Adhesive layer can act for a not shown on the layer 22 applied ceramic thermal barrier coating.
Während des Einsatzes des Schichtsystems 16 kommt es bspw. zur Oxidation, Nitridation oder Sulfidation, d.h. Degradation der MCrAlY-Schicht 22, so dass sich in der Schicht 22During the use of the layer system 16, for example, it comes to oxidation, nitridation or sulfidation, i. Degradation of the MCrAlY layer 22, so that in the layer 22
Bereiche mit Korrosionsprodukten 4, 5 (nicht gezeigt) bilden.Form areas with corrosion products 4, 5 (not shown).
Die Korrosionsprodukte 4, 5 bilden eine zumindest teilweise vorhandene Schicht in oder auf oder unter der Oberfläche 7 des Bauteils 16.The corrosion products 4, 5 form an at least partially existing layer in or on or below the surface 7 of the component 16.
Diese Korrosionsprodukte 4, beispielsweise Aluminiumoxid oder andere Aluminiumverbindungen, entziehen der MCrAlY-Schicht 22 Aluminium, so dass sich in der Umgebung des Bereichs mit den Korrosionsprodukten 4, hauptsächlich unter denThese corrosion products 4, for example aluminum oxide or other aluminum compounds, deprive the MCrAlY layer 22 of aluminum, so that in the vicinity of the area with the corrosion products 4, mainly among the
Korrosionsprodukten, d.h. in Richtung des Substrats 19, zumindest eine Opferzone 25 an Aluminium-verarmten MCrAlY ausbildet. Diese verarmten Gebiete stellen in diesem Beispiel den abtragungsresistenteren Bereich dar, also den Schichtbereich 52. Der abzutragende Schichtbereich 52 ist durch eine gestrichelte Linie gekennzeichnet und umfasst alle Korrosionsprodukte 4, 5 oder die gesamte Schicht 22.Corrosion products, i. towards the substrate 19, at least one sacrificial zone 25 of aluminum-depleted MCrAlY is formed. In this example, these depleted regions represent the more abrasion-resistant region, that is to say the layer region 52. The layer region 52 to be removed is identified by a dashed line and comprises all corrosion products 4, 5 or the entire layer 22.
Die MCrAlY-Schicht kann auch an Chrom (Cr) verarmen, so dass die Imprägnierkomponente 13 bspw. die Elemente AI und/oder Cr aufweist .The MCrAlY layer can also deplete of chromium (Cr), so that the impregnation component 13 has, for example, the elements Al and / or Cr.
Die Imprägnierkomponente 13 kann auch andere Metalle, z.B. Cobalt, oder Elemente oder Kombinationen daraus enthalten. Sowohl die Korrosionsprodukte 4 als auch die Opferzone 25 weisen im Säurebad gegenüber dem Material der Schicht 22, also dem MCrAlY, eine höhere Säureresistenz auf.The impregnating component 13 may also contain other metals, eg cobalt, or elements or combinations thereof. Both the corrosion products 4 and the sacrificial zone 25 have in the acid bath compared with the material of the layer 22, ie the MCrAlY, a higher acid resistance.
In einem ersten Verfahrensschritt kann eine grobe Abtragung der keramischen Wärmedämmschicht, der Korrosionsprodukte oder von anderen Bereichen durch mechanische Verfahren, wie z.B. Sandstrahlen, und/oder chemische Mittel, wie z.B. Säurebad, erfolgen.In a first process step, a rough removal of the ceramic thermal barrier coating, the corrosion products or other areas by mechanical methods, such. Sandblasting, and / or chemical agents, e.g. Acid bath, done.
Durch das Aufbringen des Reinigungsmittels 10 mit der Metallkomponente 13 und der anschließenden Erwärmung diffundiert die Metallkomponente 13, die in diesem Beispiel Aluminium enthält, sowohl in die Bereiche mit den Korrosionsprodukten 4 als auch in die Opferzonen 25 ein, so dass dort die zumindest eine Metallkomponente 13 vorhanden ist. Erst durch die Anreicherung mit der Metallkomponente 13 kann bei einer Säurebadbehandlung des Schichtsystems 16 eine bestimmte Schichtdicke der Schicht 22 (MCrAlY) gleichmäßig abgetragen werden.By applying the cleaning agent 10 to the metal component 13 and the subsequent heating, the metal component 13, which in this example contains aluminum, diffuses both into the regions with the corrosion products 4 and into the sacrificial zones 25, so that there the at least one metal component 13 is available. Only by enrichment with the metal component 13 can a specific layer thickness of the layer 22 (MCrAlY) be removed uniformly during an acid bath treatment of the layer system 16.
Das Reinigungsmittel 10 kann auch mehrere metallische Komponenten 13 (AI, Cr) aufweisen, wenn das für die Zusammensetzung der Korrosionsprodukte oder der verarmten Opferzonen 25 erforderlich ist.The cleaning agent 10 may also have a plurality of metallic components 13 (Al, Cr), if necessary for the composition of the corrosion products or the depleted sacrificial zones 25.
Die metallische Komponente 13 ist bspw. mit zumindest einer Trägersubstanz, beispielsweise Aluminiumoxid oder Aluminiumsilikat, vermischt. Das Reinigungsmittel 10 kann die metallische Komponente 13 auch in Form eines Metallkomplexes enthal- ten.The metallic component 13 is, for example, mixed with at least one carrier substance, for example aluminum oxide or aluminum silicate. The cleaning agent 10 may also contain the metallic component 13 in the form of a metal complex.
Ebenso weist das Reinigungsmittel 10 zumindest ein Aktivierungsmittel, bspw. eine Halogenverbindung, beispielsweise in Form von Ammoniumchlorid (NHC1) auf.Likewise, the cleaning agent 10 at least one activating agent, for example. A halogen compound, for example in the form of ammonium chloride (NHC1) on.
Bei der Wärmebehandlung des Teils 1 mit dem Reinigungsmittel 10 reagiert das Aluminium als Metallkomponente 13 mit der Ha- logenverbindung zu einer gasförmigen Verbindung. Dies ist im Beispiel von Ammoniumchlorid Aluminiumchlorid. Die gasförmige Verbindung dringt in die zumindest eine Opferzone 25 ein bzw. ermöglicht es, das Aluminium in das Bauteil 1 hineinzudiffun- dieren, indem es bspw. eine Imprägnierschicht bildet (Fig. 6) . Daher muss die Metallkomponente 13 nicht aufgeschmolzen werden. Es kann aber auch sein, dass sich die gasförmige Verbindung erst bei Temperaturen bildet, die oberhalb des Schmelzpunktes der zumindest einen Imprägnierkomponente liegt, da bspw. eine Sublimation auftritt.In the heat treatment of the part 1 with the cleaning agent 10, the aluminum reacts as metal component 13 with the Ha ligen connection to a gaseous compound. This is in the example of ammonium chloride aluminum chloride. The gaseous compound penetrates into the at least one sacrificial zone 25 or enables the aluminum to be injected into the component 1 by, for example, forming an impregnating layer (FIG. 6). Therefore, the metal component 13 does not have to be melted. But it may also be that the gaseous compound forms only at temperatures which is above the melting point of the at least one impregnating, since, for example, a sublimation occurs.
Im Beispiel von Aluminiumfluorid ist die Imprägnierkomponente 13 und die Aktivierungskomponente in einer Verbindung (z.B. A1F3) enthalten. Bei der Wärmebehandlung bildet sich eine gasförmige Verbindung Aluminiumfluorid (A1F) .In the example of aluminum fluoride, the impregnating component 13 and the activating component are contained in a compound (eg A1F 3 ). During the heat treatment, a gaseous compound aluminum fluoride (A1F) is formed.
Die Wärmebehandlung kann im Vakuum oder in den Schutzgasen Wasserstoff und/oder Argon durchgeführt werden.The heat treatment can be carried out in vacuo or in the protective gases hydrogen and / or argon.
Das Reinigungsmittel 10 kann neben der Metallkomponente 13, der Trägersubstanz und dem Aktivierungsmittel noch einen bspw. organischen Binder (Carboxyl Methacrylat, Carboxyl Me- thylcellulose oder ähnliche Verbindungen) aufweisen, so dass das Reinigungsmittel 10 eine pastenartige oder schlammartige Konsistenz aufweist, das sich so auf das korrodierte Bauteil 1 gut auftragen lässt und aufgrund des Binders auf dem Bauteil 1, 16 haften kann.In addition to the metal component 13, the carrier substance and the activating agent, the cleaning agent 10 may also have, for example, an organic binder (carboxyl methacrylate, carboxyl methyl cellulose or similar compounds), so that the cleaning agent 10 has a paste-like or mud-like consistency the corroded component 1 can be applied well and can adhere to the component 1, 16 due to the binder.
Es kann mit einer Flüssigkeit auch eine gießfähige Masse des Reinigungsmittels erstellt werden, in der das Bauteil 1 eingetaucht wird, wobei das Reinigungsmittel 10 auf der Oberfläche 7 des Bauteils 1 nach dem Vertrocknen der Flüssigkeit haften bleibt.It can be created with a liquid and a pourable mass of the cleaning agent in which the component 1 is immersed, wherein the cleaning agent 10 adheres to the surface 7 of the component 1 after the drying of the liquid.
Die Erfindung ist nicht beschränkt auf die genannten Auftragungsverfahren . Nach einer bestimmten Wärmebehandlungsdauer des Bauteils 1 mit dem Reinigungsmittel 10 verringert sich die Konzentration der Metallkomponente 13 in dem der Oberfläche 7 zugewandten Bereich des Reinigungsmittels 10. Aus diesem Bereich kann nur noch geringfügig eine Metallkomponente 13 oder im Extremfall keine Metallkomponente 13 mehr in das Bauteil 1 diffundieren. Ein weiteres, gewünschtes tieferes Eindringen der Metallkomponente 13 in die Tiefe des Materials 1 findet nur durch weitere Diffusion der bereits eindiffundierten Metallkomponente 13 statt. Jedoch würde ein längeres Halten des Bauteils 1 bei erhöhter Temperatur dazu führen, dass von einer Oberfläche 11 des Reinigungsmittels 10 die Metallkomponente 13 über die gasförmige Verbindung zu Oberflächenbereichen 8 des Bauteils 1 gelangt, auf denen kein Reinigungsmittel 10 aufgetragen war und auch kein Eindringen der metallischen Komponente 13 oder der Reaktionsprodukte erwünscht ist.The invention is not limited to the said application methods. After a certain heat treatment time of the component 1 with the cleaning agent 10, the concentration of the metal component 13 in the area of the cleaning agent 10 facing the surface 7 decreases. From this area, only a metal component 13 or, in the extreme case, no metal component 13 can more easily enter the component 1 diffuse. Another, desired deeper penetration of the metal component 13 in the depth of the material 1 takes place only by further diffusion of the already diffused metal component 13. However, prolonged holding of the component 1 at elevated temperature would result in the metal component 13 passing from a surface 11 of the cleaning agent 10 via the gaseous compound to surface regions 8 of the component 1 on which no cleaning agent 10 had been applied and also no metallic penetration Component 13 or the reaction products is desired.
Daher wird das Reinigungsmittel 10 in diesem Fall nach einer gewissen Dauer der Wärmebehandlung entfernt und es findet lediglich ein weiteres, gewünschtes Eindringen der Metallkomponente 13 in die Tiefe des Materials 1 durch Diffusion der bereits in das Bauteil 1 eindiffundierten metallischen Komponente 13 aufgrund einer Thermobehandlung des Bauteils 1 ohne Reinigungsmittel 10 statt. DieTherefore, the cleaning agent 10 is removed in this case after a certain period of heat treatment and there is only another, desired penetration of the metal component 13 in the depth of the material 1 by diffusion of the already diffused into the component 1 metallic component 13 due to a thermal treatment of the component 1 without detergent 10 instead. The
Thermobehandlung wird bspw. durch ein Lösungsglühen des Bauteils 1 ermöglicht.Thermal treatment is, for example, made possible by a solution annealing of the component 1.
Die Entfernung des Reinigungsmittels 1 bereitet keine Prob- leme, da die metallische Komponente 13 nicht aufgeschmolzen ist.The removal of the cleaning agent 1 causes no problems, since the metallic component 13 is not melted.
Das Reinigungsmittel 10 kann lokal, insbesondere über den abtragungsresistenteren Bereichen, großflächig oder ganz auf das Bauteil 1, 16 aufgebracht sein.The cleaning agent 10 may be applied locally, in particular over the erosion-resistant areas, over a large area or entirely on the component 1, 16.
Parameterbeispiel : Schichtmaterial: MCrAlY,Parameter example: Layer material: MCrAlY,
Tiefe der Korrosionsprodukte in der Schicht: 150μm (verarmter AI-Bereich) ,Depth of corrosion products in the layer: 150μm (depleted Al region),
Aufbringen des Reinigungsmittel 10 ergibt eine Opferzone 25 bis in eine Tiefe von 80μm bei einer Wärmebehandlung bei 925°C und 2h Dauer, nach Entfernen des Reinigungsmittels findet eine Thermobehandlung bei 1120°C für höchstens 20h statt: Opferzone 25 hat eine Tiefe von 150μm.Applying the cleaning agent 10 results in a sacrificial zone 25 to a depth of 80 .mu.m in a heat treatment at 925 ° C and 2h duration, after removal of the detergent is a thermal treatment at 1120 ° C for at most 20h instead: sacrificial zone 25 has a depth of 150μm.
Die Dauer der Thermobehandlung bzw. die Temperatur kann anhand von Kalibrierungskurven (Diffusionstiefe in Abhängigkeit von Zeit und Temperatur) der räumlichen Ausdehnung der Korrosionsprodukte im Bauteil angepasst werden.The duration of the thermal treatment or the temperature can be adjusted by means of calibration curves (diffusion depth as a function of time and temperature) of the spatial extent of the corrosion products in the component.
Nach der Aufbringung des Reinigungsmittels 10 kann vor der Erwärmung eine Maskenschicht aufgebracht werden, die verhindert, dass von der Oberfläche 11 des Reinigungsmittels 10 die metallische Komponente 13 zu Oberflächen 8 des Bauteils 1 ge- langt, auf denen kein Reinigungsmittel aufgetragen war und auch kein Eindringen der metallischen Komponente 13 erwünscht ist. So kann das Reinigungsmittel 10 auf dem Bauteil 1 verbleiben und trotzdem eine Wärmebehandlung durchgeführt werden, um oben beschriebenen Effekt zu erreichen.After the application of the cleaning agent 10, a mask layer can be applied before the heating, which prevents the metallic component 13 from reaching the surface 11 of the cleaning agent 10 to surfaces 8 of the component 1 on which no cleaning agent was applied and also no penetration the metallic component 13 is desired. Thus, the cleaning agent 10 can remain on the component 1 and nevertheless a heat treatment be carried out in order to achieve the effect described above.
Die Erfindung ist nicht beschränkt auf Teile von Gasturbinen, sondern funktioniert auch bei Bauteilen, die zumindest eine Schicht, bspw. eine Oxidationsschutzschicht, Säureschutzschicht oder Korrosionsschutzschicht aufweisen.The invention is not limited to parts of gas turbines, but also works with components which have at least one layer, for example an oxidation protection layer, acid protection layer or corrosion protection layer.
Ebenso ist die Erfindung nicht beschränkt auf Bauteile, die keine Schichten aufweisen, deren Korrosionsprodukte aber entfernt werden müssen, wie z.B. bei Reaktionsgefäßen in der chemischen Industrie. Figur 7 zeigt ein Schichtsystem 16, das aus einem Substrat 19, beispielsweise einer Nickel-Basis-Superlegierung, einer Zwischenschicht, insbesondere einer MCrAlY-Schicht 28, und einer äußeren Wärmedämmschicht 31 besteht. Das Schichtsystem 16 war im Einsatz mechanischen und thermischen Belastungen ausgesetzt und soll für einen erneuten Einsatz wieder hergestellt werden (Refurbishment) . Dabei wird die Wärmedämmschicht 31 beispielsweise durch Sandstrahlen entfernt. Dies kann auf einfache Art und Weise mit mechanischen Mitteln erfolgen, da es sich bei denLikewise, the invention is not limited to components that have no layers, but whose corrosion products must be removed, such as in reaction vessels in the chemical industry. FIG. 7 shows a layer system 16 that consists of a substrate 19, for example a nickel-based superalloy, an intermediate layer, in particular an MCrAlY layer 28, and an outer heat-insulating layer 31. The layer system 16 was exposed in use mechanical and thermal loads and should be restored for re-use (refurbishment). The thermal barrier coating 31 is removed by sandblasting, for example. This can be done in a simple manner by mechanical means, since it is in the
Wärmedämmschichten 31 meistens um keramische, d.h. spröde Schichten handelt. Die zumindest eine Zwischenschicht 28 ist metallisch und lässt sich schwieriger mit mechanischen Mitteln entfernen.Thermal barrier coatings 31 are mostly ceramic, i. brittle layers. The at least one intermediate layer 28 is metallic and is more difficult to remove by mechanical means.
Die Figur 8 zeigt das Schichtsystem 16, bei der die Wärmedämmschicht 31 schon entfernt ist und die Zwischenschicht 28 vergrößert dargestellt ist. Die Zwischenschicht 28 ist degradiert. Degradation bedeutet in dem Fall, dass sich Korrosionsprodukte, d.h. Oxide, Nitride und Sulfide gebildet haben oder dass eine Phasensegregation stattgefunden hat, beispielsweise die Koagulation von Aluminiumphasen 43 oder eine Veränderung des Konzentrationsgefüges aufgrund Diffusionen. Dabei sieht die Zwischenschicht 28 aber nicht notwendigerweise wie folgt aus: In einer ersten Zone 34, auf der die Wärmedämmschicht 31 aufgebracht war, sind äußere 4 und innere Korrosionsprodukte 5 vorhanden, die durch Kontakt und Reaktion mit einem reaktiven Medium entstanden sind.FIG. 8 shows the layer system 16 in which the thermal barrier coating 31 has already been removed and the intermediate layer 28 is shown enlarged. The intermediate layer 28 is degraded. Degradation means in the case that corrosion products, ie oxides, nitrides and sulfides have formed or that a phase segregation has taken place, for example the coagulation of aluminum phases 43 or a change in the concentration structure due to Diffusions. However, the intermediate layer 28 does not necessarily have the following appearance: In a first zone 34, on which the thermal barrier coating 31 was applied, there are external 4 and internal corrosion products 5 which have been formed by contact and reaction with a reactive medium.
In einer zweiten Zone 37, die sich in Richtung des Substrats 19 an die erste Zone 34 anschließt, sind beispielsweise keine Korrosionsprodukte vorhanden, aber durch die durch thermische Belastung bedingte Diffusion haben sich Aluminium oder Aluminiumphasen oder sonstige Elemente koaguliert. An die zweite Zone 37 schließt sich eine dritte Zone 40 an, die sich zwischen dem Substrat 19 und der zweiten Zone 37 befindet. In der dritten Zone 40 hat sich die Konzentration der Zwischenschicht 28 ausgehend von ihrer Anfangszusammensetzung aufgrund von Diffusion von Elementen in das Substrat 19 verändert. Dies ist im Falle einer MCrAlY- Zwischenschicht 28 und einer Ni-Al-Superlegierung als Substrat 19 beispielsweise Aluminium, das in der MCrAlY- Schicht in höherer Konzentration als in dem Substrat 19 vorhanden ist und daher aufgrund desIn a second zone 37, which adjoins the first zone 34 in the direction of the substrate 19, for example, no corrosion products are present, but due to the diffusion due to thermal stress, aluminum or aluminum phases or other elements have coagulated. The second zone 37 is followed by a third zone 40, which is located between the substrate 19 and the second zone 37. In the third zone 40, the concentration of the intermediate layer 28 has changed from its initial composition due to diffusion of elements into the substrate 19. In the case of an MCrAlY intermediate layer 28 and a Ni-Al superalloy substrate 19, this is aluminum, for example, which is present in the MCrAlY layer in a higher concentration than in the substrate 19 and therefore due to the
Konzentrationsunterschiedes in das Substrat hineindiffundiert. So ist bspw. die gesamte Zwischenschicht 28 degradiert, die den abzutragenden Schichtbereich 52 darstellt.Diffusion of concentration diffused into the substrate. Thus, for example, the entire intermediate layer 28 is degraded, which represents the layer region 52 to be removed.
Es kann aber auch sein, dass nur die erste Zone und die zweite Zone 34, 37 degradiert sind und die dritte Zone 40 keinerlei Degradationserscheinungen aufzeigt. Trotzdem kann auch die dritte Zone 40 durch Imprägnierung mir dem Imprägnierungsmittel 13 zum Teil einer Opferzone 25 gemacht und abgetragen werden.However, it may also be that only the first zone and the second zone 34, 37 are degraded and the third zone 40 shows no signs of degradation. Nevertheless, the third zone 40 can also be made part of a sacrificial zone 25 by impregnation with the impregnating agent 13 and removed.
Mittels des in Figuren 1 bis 6 beschriebenen erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird die gesamte Zwischenschicht 28 entfernt, indem das Imprägniermittel 13 in die gesamte Zwischenschicht 28 bis zum Substrat 19 hineindiffundiert (Fig. 9) . Die Abtragung der Zwischenschicht 28 erfolgt wie schon weiter oben beschrieben.By means of the method according to the invention described in FIGS. 1 to 6, the entire intermediate layer 28 is removed by diffusing the impregnating agent 13 into the entire intermediate layer 28 as far as the substrate 19 (FIG. 9). The removal of the intermediate layer 28 takes place as already described above.
Figur 10 zeigt ein Substrat 19, beispielsweise eine Nickel- Basis-Superlegierung einer Turbinenschaufel, die durch den Einsatz in einem degradierten oberflächennahen Bereich 46 degradiert ist, der den abzutragenden Schichtbereich 52 darstellt. Der degradierte Bereich 46 ist beispielsweise durch Korrosion oder durch Hineindiffusion von Elementen in das Substrat 19 oder Wegdiffusion von Elementen aus dem Substrat 19 in darauf aufliegenden Schichten oder Schichtbereichen des Substrats entstanden.FIG. 10 shows a substrate 19, for example a nickel-base superalloy of a turbine blade, which has been degraded by use in a degraded near-surface region 46, which represents the layer region 52 to be removed. The degraded region 46 is, for example, by corrosion or by in-diffusion of elements into the substrate 19 or path diffusion of elements of the Substrate 19 emerged in layers or layer areas of the substrate resting thereon.
Mittels des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird ein Imprägniermittel 13 in den degradierten Bereich 46 eingebracht, so dass der degradierte Bereich 46 zu einer Opferzone 25 wird und sich vollkommen und einfacher entfernen lässt (Fig. 11). Der abzutragende Schichtbereich 52 umfasst zumindest den degradierten Bereich kann aber auch vergrössert werden.By means of the method according to the invention, an impregnating agent 13 is introduced into the degraded region 46, so that the degraded region 46 becomes a sacrificial zone 25 and can be removed completely and more easily (FIG. 11). The layer region 52 to be removed comprises at least the degraded region but can also be enlarged.
Die Schichten, die mit dem Verfahren entfernt werden können, müssen nicht notwendigerweise degradiert sein. So zeigt Figur 12 ein Schichtsystem 16, dass aus einem Substrat 19 und einer bspw. nicht degradierten Chromschicht 49 besteht, die den abzutragenden Schichtbereich 52 darstellt, da eine chromhaltige oder eine Chromschicht 49 eine hohe Abtragungsresistenz gegenüber chemischen Abtragungsverfahren aufweist.The layers which can be removed by the process need not necessarily be degraded. Thus, FIG. 12 shows a layer system 16 that consists of a substrate 19 and a, for example, undegraded chromium layer 49, which represents the layer region 52 to be removed, since a chromium-containing or chromium layer 49 has a high resistance to erosion against chemical erosion processes.
Das Anwendungsbeispiel ist jedoch nicht auf eine Chromschicht beschränkt bzw. die Chromschicht kann auch bspw. durch Korrosion degradiert sein. Die Schicht 49 lässt sich mit den üblichen Entfernungsmethoden wie z.B. Säurestrippen schlecht entfernen.However, the application example is not limited to a chromium layer or the chromium layer can also be degraded by corrosion, for example. The layer 49 can be removed by the usual removal methods such as e.g. Badly remove acid stripping.
Mit Hilfe des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens lässt man das Imprägniermittel 13 in die Schicht 49 eindringen, wodurch sich die Schicht 49 mit den üblichen Verfahren, beispielsweise dem Säurestrippen leichter entfernen lässtWith the aid of the method according to the invention, the impregnating agent 13 is allowed to penetrate into the layer 49, as a result of which the layer 49 can be removed more easily by the customary methods, for example acid stripping
(Fig. 13), da die Abtragungsresistenz verringert worden ist.(Figure 13) because the resistance to erosion has been reduced.
Wenn das Substrat 19 ebenfalls teilweise degradiert ist, kann durch die Wärmebehandlung die Imprägnierkomponente 13 in das Substrat eindringen oder man vergrössert die Opferzone 25 durch eine Erweiterungszone 54 während der Thermobehandlung aufgrund von Diffusion. If the substrate 19 is also partially degraded, the impregnation component 13 may penetrate into the substrate by the heat treatment, or the sacrificial zone 25 may be enlarged by an extension zone 54 during the thermal treatment due to diffusion.
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP02730264A EP1432847B8 (en) | 2001-10-01 | 2002-05-17 | Method for removing at least one area of a layer of a component consisting of metal or a metal compound |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP01123593A EP1298230A1 (en) | 2001-10-01 | 2001-10-01 | Process for removing corrosion products from metallic parts |
| EP01123593 | 2001-10-01 | ||
| PCT/EP2002/005490 WO2003029521A1 (en) | 2001-10-01 | 2002-05-17 | Method for removing at least one area of a layer of a component consisting of metal or a metal compound |
| EP02730264A EP1432847B8 (en) | 2001-10-01 | 2002-05-17 | Method for removing at least one area of a layer of a component consisting of metal or a metal compound |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1432847A1 true EP1432847A1 (en) | 2004-06-30 |
| EP1432847B1 EP1432847B1 (en) | 2005-03-09 |
| EP1432847B8 EP1432847B8 (en) | 2005-06-29 |
Family
ID=8178822
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP01123593A Withdrawn EP1298230A1 (en) | 2001-10-01 | 2001-10-01 | Process for removing corrosion products from metallic parts |
| EP02730264A Expired - Lifetime EP1432847B8 (en) | 2001-10-01 | 2002-05-17 | Method for removing at least one area of a layer of a component consisting of metal or a metal compound |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP01123593A Withdrawn EP1298230A1 (en) | 2001-10-01 | 2001-10-01 | Process for removing corrosion products from metallic parts |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US7138065B2 (en) |
| EP (2) | EP1298230A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2005504179A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1328413C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE50202441D1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2003029521A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1298230A1 (en) * | 2001-10-01 | 2003-04-02 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Process for removing corrosion products from metallic parts |
| EP1367144A1 (en) * | 2002-05-29 | 2003-12-03 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Process for removing portions of a metallic article |
| EP1676938A1 (en) | 2004-12-30 | 2006-07-05 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method of manufacturing a component part of a turbine and a component of a turbine |
| EP1870485A1 (en) * | 2006-06-22 | 2007-12-26 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Composition and method for metalizing a component |
| EP1870497A1 (en) * | 2006-06-23 | 2007-12-26 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method for the electrochemical stripping of a metallic coating from an element |
| EP1890004A1 (en) | 2006-08-08 | 2008-02-20 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method for the production of a deposited layer from recycled layer material |
| DE102006044416A1 (en) * | 2006-09-18 | 2008-03-27 | Siemens Ag | Process for the electrochemical coating or stripping of components |
| DE102008004559B4 (en) * | 2007-01-23 | 2017-03-16 | General Electric Technology Gmbh | Method for processing a thermally loaded component |
| US20100199678A1 (en) | 2007-09-13 | 2010-08-12 | Claus Krusch | Corrosion-Resistant Pressure Vessel Steel Product, a Process for Producing It and a Gas Turbine Component |
| DE102013111854A1 (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2015-05-21 | Aixtron Se | Method for removing deposits on the walls of a process chamber |
| CN106757044B (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2018-12-14 | 中国南方航空工业(集团)有限公司 | A kind of hollow blade inner low-melting alloy method for cleaning |
| PL429832A1 (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2020-11-16 | Żrodowski Łukasz | Method of additive manufacturing of three-dimensional objects |
| US11739429B2 (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2023-08-29 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Methods for refurbishing aerospace components |
| CN115595581B (en) * | 2022-11-10 | 2024-04-26 | 上海电气燃气轮机有限公司 | Method for removing bonding layer of thermal component after service |
Family Cites Families (21)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3544348A (en) * | 1968-10-25 | 1970-12-01 | United Aircraft Corp | Overhaul process for aluminide coated gas turbine engine components |
| US3622391A (en) * | 1969-04-04 | 1971-11-23 | Alloy Surfaces Co Inc | Process of stripping aluminide coating from cobalt and nickel base alloys |
| US4004047A (en) * | 1974-03-01 | 1977-01-18 | General Electric Company | Diffusion coating method |
| US4526814A (en) * | 1982-11-19 | 1985-07-02 | Turbine Components Corporation | Methods of forming a protective diffusion layer on nickel, cobalt, and iron base alloys |
| US4724172A (en) * | 1983-12-29 | 1988-02-09 | Sermatech International, Inc. | Thick coating compositions |
| US4566939A (en) * | 1985-01-25 | 1986-01-28 | Avco Corporation | Surface preparation of nickel base alloys for brazing |
| US4933239A (en) * | 1989-03-06 | 1990-06-12 | United Technologies Corporation | Aluminide coating for superalloys |
| EP0496935B1 (en) | 1991-01-31 | 1995-04-19 | General Electric Company | Aluminide processing of articles protected by a thermal barrier coating system |
| US5254413A (en) * | 1991-01-31 | 1993-10-19 | General Electric Company | Method for repair and restoration of a ceramic thermal barrier-coated substrate by providing an intermetallic coating |
| GB9116332D0 (en) * | 1991-07-29 | 1991-09-11 | Diffusion Alloys Ltd | Refurbishing of corroded superalloy or heat resistant steel parts and parts so refurbished |
| GB9210683D0 (en) * | 1992-05-19 | 1992-07-08 | Rolls Royce Plc | Multiplex aluminide-silicide coating |
| EP0713957A1 (en) * | 1994-11-25 | 1996-05-29 | FINMECCANICA S.p.A. AZIENDA ANSALDO | Method of repairing the coating of turbine blades |
| US5728227A (en) * | 1996-06-17 | 1998-03-17 | General Electric Company | Method for removing a diffusion coating from a nickel base alloy |
| US6022632A (en) * | 1996-10-18 | 2000-02-08 | United Technologies | Low activity localized aluminide coating |
| US6036995A (en) * | 1997-01-31 | 2000-03-14 | Sermatech International, Inc. | Method for removal of surface layers of metallic coatings |
| US6042879A (en) * | 1997-07-02 | 2000-03-28 | United Technologies Corporation | Method for preparing an apertured article to be recoated |
| US6110262A (en) * | 1998-08-31 | 2000-08-29 | Sermatech International, Inc. | Slurry compositions for diffusion coatings |
| US6203847B1 (en) * | 1998-12-22 | 2001-03-20 | General Electric Company | Coating of a discrete selective surface of an article |
| US6199276B1 (en) * | 1999-08-11 | 2001-03-13 | General Electric Company | Method for removing a dense ceramic thermal barrier coating from a surface |
| US6560870B2 (en) * | 2001-05-08 | 2003-05-13 | General Electric Company | Method for applying diffusion aluminide coating on a selective area of a turbine engine component |
| EP1298230A1 (en) * | 2001-10-01 | 2003-04-02 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Process for removing corrosion products from metallic parts |
-
2001
- 2001-10-01 EP EP01123593A patent/EP1298230A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2002
- 2002-05-17 EP EP02730264A patent/EP1432847B8/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-05-17 JP JP2003532728A patent/JP2005504179A/en active Pending
- 2002-05-17 DE DE50202441T patent/DE50202441D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-05-17 US US10/490,567 patent/US7138065B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-05-17 WO PCT/EP2002/005490 patent/WO2003029521A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2002-05-17 CN CNB028170555A patent/CN1328413C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2006
- 2006-09-29 US US11/541,253 patent/US7429337B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO03029521A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1432847B1 (en) | 2005-03-09 |
| US20040244817A1 (en) | 2004-12-09 |
| US7138065B2 (en) | 2006-11-21 |
| CN1328413C (en) | 2007-07-25 |
| US7429337B2 (en) | 2008-09-30 |
| US20070023392A1 (en) | 2007-02-01 |
| EP1298230A1 (en) | 2003-04-02 |
| EP1432847B8 (en) | 2005-06-29 |
| DE50202441D1 (en) | 2005-04-14 |
| CN1549874A (en) | 2004-11-24 |
| JP2005504179A (en) | 2005-02-10 |
| WO2003029521A1 (en) | 2003-04-10 |
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