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EP1420077B1 - Materiau inerte à dureté elevée pour pièces utilisées à haute temperature - Google Patents

Materiau inerte à dureté elevée pour pièces utilisées à haute temperature Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1420077B1
EP1420077B1 EP02450262A EP02450262A EP1420077B1 EP 1420077 B1 EP1420077 B1 EP 1420077B1 EP 02450262 A EP02450262 A EP 02450262A EP 02450262 A EP02450262 A EP 02450262A EP 1420077 B1 EP1420077 B1 EP 1420077B1
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alloy
nickel
hardness
weight
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EP02450262A
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EP1420077A1 (fr
Inventor
Gottfried Mayerböck
Johann Sammler
Gabriele Saller
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Voestalpine Boehler Edelstahl GmbH
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Boehler Edelstahl GmbH
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Priority to SI200230449T priority Critical patent/SI1420077T1/sl
Priority to AT02450262T priority patent/ATE341651T1/de
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/34—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/52—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with cobalt
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/004—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr and Ni
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a material with high inertness, in particular high oxidation resistance and increased hardness for thermally resilient components and tools.
  • a reaction of a metallic material with its surroundings which causes a measurable change in the material, is defined as corrosion.
  • Corrosion can be done with and without mechanical stress of the component, as well as after various types of chemical attack and at different temperatures.
  • Corrosion-resistant and heat-resistant steels and alloys are also said to have a cubic face-centered atomic lattice structure or an austenitic microstructure due to their thermal stability at temperatures above 600 ° C.
  • this means that such materials have higher nickel and / or cobalt contents or, in view of increased strength and hardness at high temperatures, are in the form of nickel-base or cobalt-base alloys, although from corrosion-chemical Due to a chromium content of at least greater than 13 wt .-% must be present.
  • JP2001011583A discloses an austenitic heat-resistant steel having particular high-temperature strength for steam boiler tubes, which steel has a limited chromium equivalent and thereby no tendency to embrittlement by precipitates of sigma phase in long-term use. However, this material has a low strength and a low 0.2% yield strength at 650 ° C.
  • an austenitic iron-base material with a nickel content of less than 36% by weight can certainly withstand a corrosion attack at high temperatures, for example at 600 ° C. and above, over a required minimum period of time owing to a high chromium concentration, if appropriate in combination with other corrosion-inhibiting elements
  • the material has a low hardness and a similar strength and a limited creep behavior.
  • alloys according to DIN material no. 1.2780 and 1.2782 and 1.2786 are used for reasons of economy and for reasons of production as tools for glass processing.
  • the invention seeks to remedy the situation and sets itself the goal of specifying a material of the type mentioned above with a hardness of greater than 230 HB, which also at temperatures above 600 ° C high creep resistance and improved creep behavior and a similar corrosion resistance having.
  • the invention aims at the use of an iron-based alloy as a material for hot working tools, which are used at working temperatures of about 550 ° C from.
  • the aforementioned object is achieved in a material of the type mentioned, consisting of an alloy with a composition in wt .-% of Carbon (C) 0.04 to 0.15 Silicon (Si) 1.22 to 2.36 Manganese (Mn) 1.0 to 3.95 Chrome (Cr) 23.9 to 26.5 Nickel (Ni) 17.9 to 25.45 Nitrogen (N) 0.018 to 0.2 with the proviso that the nickel content of the alloy is equal to or greater than the value formed by the content of chromium plus 1.5 silicon minus 0.12 manganese minus 18 nitrogen minus 30 carbon minus the numerical value 6 Ni ⁇ Cr + 1 . 5 ⁇ Si - 0 .
  • Mo Molybdenum
  • Mo Molybdenum
  • V Vanadium
  • W Tungsten
  • Cu Copper
  • Co Cobalt
  • Co Co
  • Ti Titanium
  • Niobium Nb
  • Fe Remainder iron
  • the advantages achieved by the invention are in particular the synergy of corrosion resistance of the selected alloy and the achievable in this chemical composition by means of cold forming properties of the material.
  • solidification of the material takes place by blocking dislocations in the crystal lattice.
  • An associated increase in hardness and an increase in the strength of the material according to the invention remains, surprising for the expert, even at use temperatures of over 600 ° C, the expected recoveries in the strained grid, such as a thermally activated cross sliding and recombining dislocations can in usual Periods are not observed.
  • the nickel and chromium concentration specified in limits and by the limited concentration range of nickel as a function of chromium, silicon, manganese, nitrogen and carbon. Higher nickel levels have been found to degrade creep behavior. On the other hand, at low nickel concentrations the austenite stability and the heat resistance of the material are abruptly reduced. Essentially the same applies to the elements carbon and nitrogen, in particular nitrogen increases the fatigue strength of the material.
  • Impurities can of course deteriorate the material properties, so that the alloy according to the invention for the impurity elements concentration values in wt .-% of Oxygen (O) max 0.05 Phosphorus (P) max 0.03 Sulfur (S) max 0.03 having.
  • the object of the invention is a method for producing a material for components and tools with high inertia, in particular high oxidation resistance and increased hardness under thermal stress at a temperature of up to 750 ° C, after which from an alloy having a composition in wt.
  • Ni 17.9 to 25.45
  • Mo Molybdenum
  • Mo Molybdenum
  • V Vanadium
  • W Tungsten
  • Cu Copper
  • Co Cobalt
  • Co Co
  • Ti Titanium
  • Niobium Nb
  • Residual iron Fe
  • the elastic limit of the material can be raised to a voltage level which is not reached near the working surface of the component or tool in a volume change due to alternating thermal load. Accordingly, even in the area of the grain boundaries, no zones which are plastically deformed during the temperature change occur, whereby cracking due to material fatigue can be avoided. Thus, a grain boundary attack by chemical or hot corrosion is largely avoidable, so that, as for example in a glass mold, a high Hävid- or surface quality is maintained even at high loads and large quantities of production over a long time.
  • Conventional glass molds often show after a short period of use at the grain boundaries of the structure material erosion, which have a distance in the range of a few microns. As a result, the shaped glass is imparted with unevennesses in the lightwave area, which may result in reflection interference and frosted glass effects.
  • the corrosion and the heat resistance can be further increased and fatigue cracking can be effectively suppressed if, according to the invention by cold working, a material with a hardness greater than 250 HB, in particular of 300 HB and higher is formed.
  • a precursor having a composition of the invention is formed by hot working, subjected to a solution annealing treatment, or thermoformed, cooled, and cold worked from the deformation temperature, a particularly pattern-homogenous material having improved corrosion resistance can be prepared.
  • substantially axially symmetric shaped tools such as bottle molds and the like
  • the further object of the invention is achieved when using an iron-based alloy with alloying elements in wt .-% of Carbon (C) 0.04 to 0.15 Silicon (Si) 1.22 to 2.36 Manganese (Mn) 1.0 to 3.95 Chrome (Cr) 23.9 to 26.5 Nickel (Ni) 17.9 to 25.45 Nitrogen (N) 0.018 to 0.2 with the proviso that the nickel content of the alloy is equal to or greater than the value formed by the content of chromium plus 1.5 silicon minus 0.12 manganese minus 18 nitrogen minus 30 carbon minus the numerical value 6 Ni ⁇ Cr + 1 . 5 ⁇ Si - 0 .
  • Mo Molybdenum
  • Mo Molybdenum
  • V Vanadium
  • W Tungsten
  • Cu Copper
  • Co Cobalt
  • Co Co
  • Ti Titanium
  • Ni Niobium
  • Fe Residual iron
  • impurities which alloy by cold deformation of more than 6% of the precursor formed therefrom to a material hardness of greater than 230 HB, preferably greater than 250 HB, solidified as a material for hot working tools in the glass industry, especially as a mold material for machine press glasses with a working temperature higher than 555 ° C, preferably higher than 602 ° C, especially up to 750 ° C.
  • Fig. 1 strength as a function of the degree of cold deformation of a material according to the invention at 604 ° C.
  • Fig. 2 hardness curve at room temperature after a long-term temperature stress at 600 ° C.
  • Fig. 1 the strength of the material according to the invention is shown at a test temperature of 604 ° C, depending on the extent of cold working.
  • the sample material was forged at a temperature of 1010 ° C and increasingly cooled from the forming heat and subjected to solution annealing treatment at 1060 ° C. Each part of the material was cold worked with a degree of deformation of 21%, 35%, 47% and 55%, after which tensile tests were made.
  • the strength determinations namely 0.2% proof strength and tensile strength, were made at a temperature of 604 ° C with the samples kept at that temperature for 20 minutes.
  • standard material was solution heat treated at 1060 ° C and samples made from it were also tested at 604 ° C.
  • the bar graph of FIG. 1 clearly shows an increase in the strength values of the material as a function of the degree of deformation, wherein (not shown in the diagram) an increase in strength is given to a great extent already at a cold deformation degree of more than 6%, in particular greater than 12% ,
  • the sample material was solution heat treated at 1060 ° C. followed by quenching in water, after which samples designated H 5 were undeformed and samples designated H 525 were subjected to long-term annealing at 600 ° C. with a cold working of 35%.
  • the comparative materials No. 1.2083 and No. 1.4028 were hardened from 1020 ° C in oil, tempered at 630 ° C and also subjected to the long-term annealing. After 45, 90, 140, and 180 hours, the sample material was removed from the oven, allowed to cool, and the hardness of the material tested, followed by back-loading of the samples (with thermal cycling).
  • the comparison material H 5 showed an expected behavior of the hardness, whereas the 35% cold-worked material H 525 according to the invention had an increased hardness of 315 HB and a high creep behavior. At 600 ° C no hardness reduction and no creep of the material could be determined even with changing thermal load. In contrast, the martensitic standard steels showed a marked decrease in hardness with the annealing time of the samples.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
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Claims (10)

  1. Matériau d'une haute inertie, particulièrement d'une haute stabilité é l'oxydation, et d'une dureté élevée pour des composants et des outils thermiquement chargeables d'une température jusqu'à 750°C, qui consiste d'un alliage d'une composition en % en poids de carbone (C) de 0,04 à 0,15 silicium (Si de 1,22 à 2,36 manganèse (Mn) de 1,0 à 3,95 chrome (Cr) de 23,9 à 26,5 nickel (Ni) de 17,9 à 25,45 azote (N) de 0,018 à 0,2
    avec la réserve, que le teneur de nickel de l'alliage est égal ou plus grand qu'un valeur, qui est formé par le teneur de chrome plus 1.5 de silicium moins 0,12 de manganèse moins 18 d'azote moins 30 de carbone moins le valeur numérique de 6 Ni ≥ Cr + 1.5 × Si − 0.12 × Mn − 18 × N − 30 × C − 6
    Figure imgb0010
     et sélectivement un ou plusieurs éléments en concentrations en % en poids de molybdène (Mo) moins que 1,0 vanadium (V) jusqu'à 0,5 tungstène (W) jusqu'à 0,5 cuivre (Cu) jusqu'à 0,5 cobalt (Co) jusqu'à 6,5 titane (Ti) jusqu'à 0,5 aluminium (Al) jusqu'à 1,5 niobium (Nb) jusqu'à 0,5
    le reste étant du fer (Fe) ainsi que des impuretés, ledit matériau présentant une dureté de plus de 230 HB formée par un formage à froid de plus de 6%.
  2. Matériau selon la revendication 1, d'une dureté plus grande que 250 HB, particulièrement de 300 HB et plus.
  3. Matériau selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel le contenu de nickel de l'alliage est plus grand par 4,8 % en poids en maximum que le valeur formé selon le contexte de la revendication 1.
  4. Matériau selon une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, qui présente des valeurs de concentration en % en poids pour un élément ou plusieurs éléments d'impureté de oxygène (O) 0,05 en maximum phosphore (P) 0,03 en maximum soufre (S) 0,03 en maximum.
  5. Procédé pour la fabrication d'un matériau pour des composants et des outils d'une haute inertie, particulièrement d'une haute stabilité à l'oxydation, et d'une dureté élevée aux charges thermiques à une température jusqu'à 750°C, dans lequel on prépare un produit de base d'un alliage d'une composition en % en poids de carbone (C) de 0,04 à 0,15 silicium (Si de 1,22 à 2,36 manganèse (Mn) de 1,0 à 3,95 chrome (Cr) de 23,9 à 26,5 nickel (Ni) de 17,9 à 25,45 azote (N) de 0,018 à 0,2
    avec la réserve, que le teneur de nickel de l'alliage est égal ou plus grand qu'un valeur, qui est formé par le teneur de chrome plus 1.5 de silicium moins 0,12 de manganèse moins 18 d'azote moins 30 de carbone moins le valeur numérique de 6 Ni ≥ Cr + 1.5 × Si − 0.12 × Mn − 18 × N − 30 × C − 6
    Figure imgb0011
     et sélectivement un ou plusieurs éléments en concentrations en % en poids de molybdène (Mo) moins que 1,0 vanadium (V) jusqu'à 0,5 tungstène (W) jusqu'à 0,5 cuivre (Cu) jusqu'à 0,5 cobalt (Co) jusqu'à 6,5 titane (Ti) jusqu'à 0,5 aluminium (Al) jusqu'à 1,5 niobium (Nb) jusqu'à 0,5
    le reste étant du fer (Fe) ainsi que des impuretés, et qu'il est traité ultérieurement en suite par un formage à froid de plus de 6% à un matériau, qui présente une dureté de plus de 230 HB.
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 5, dans lequel le produit de base est formé au moyens d'une façonnage à chaud, et que ledit produit est soumis à un traitement d'un recuit de mis en solution, ou on le refroidit, le cas échéant d'une façon intensifiée, de la température de façonnage et on le forme à froid.
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 5 ou 6, dans lequel le formage à froid est réalisé complètement en direction radial perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal du produit de base.
  8. Procédé selon une quelconque des revendications 5 à 7, dans lequel le contenu de nickel de l'alliage est ajusté à être plus grand par 4,8 % en poids en maximum que correspondrait au valeur formé selon le contexte de la revendication 5.
  9. Procédé selon une quelconque des revendications 5 à 8, dans lequel, par un formage à froid, on forme un matériau d'une dureté plus grande que 250 HB, particulièrement de 300 HB ou plus haute.
  10. L'usage d'un alliage à la base de fer comprenant les éléments d'alliage en % en poids de carbone (C) de 0,01 à 0,25 silicium (Si de 0,35 à 2,5 manganèse (Mn) de 0,4 à 4,3 chrome (Cr) de 16,0 à 28,0 nickel (Ni) de 15,0 à 36,0 azote (N) de 0,01 à 0,29
    avec la réserve, que le teneur de nickel de l'alliage est égal ou, le cas échéant, plus grand par 4,8 % en poids en maximum que le valeur, qui est formé par le teneur de chrome plus 1.5 de silicium moins 0,12 de manganèse moins 18 d'azote moins 30 de carbone moins le valeur numérique de 6 Ni ≥ Cr + 1.5 × Si − 0.12 × Mn − 18 × N − 30 × C − 6
    Figure imgb0012
     et sélectivement un ou plusieurs éléments en concentrations en % en poids de molybdène (Mo) moins que 1,0 vanadium (V) jusqu'à 0,5 tungstène (W) jusqu'à 0,5 cuivre (Cu) jusqu'à 0,5 cobalt (Co) jusqu'à 6,5 titane (Ti) jusqu'à 0,5 aluminium (AI) jusqu'à 1,5 niobium (Nb) jusqu'à 0,5
    le reste étant du fer (Fe) ainsi que des impuretés, ledit alliage étant solidifié par un formage à froid de plus de 6% du produit de base en formé à une dureté de matériau plus grande que 230 HB, préférablement plus grande que 250 HB, comme un matériau pour des outils pour travail à chaud dans l'industrie de verre, particulièrement pour un matériau de moule pour des verres moulés de façon mécanique, d'une température de travail plus haute que 555°C, préférablement plus haute que 602°C, et particulièrement jusqu'à 750°C.
EP02450262A 2002-01-23 2002-11-15 Materiau inerte à dureté elevée pour pièces utilisées à haute temperature Expired - Lifetime EP1420077B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI200230449T SI1420077T1 (sl) 2002-01-23 2002-11-15 Trd inerten material za toplotno obremenjene dele
AT02450262T ATE341651T1 (de) 2002-01-23 2002-11-15 Reaktionsträger werkstoff mit erhöhter härte für thermisch beanspruchte bauteile

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AT0010702A AT410550B (de) 2002-01-23 2002-01-23 Reaktionsträger werkstoff mit erhöhter härte für thermisch beanspruchte bauteile

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EP1420077B1 true EP1420077B1 (fr) 2006-10-04

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KR (1) KR100540851B1 (fr)
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AT (1) AT410550B (fr)
BR (1) BR0300116A (fr)
CA (1) CA2416950C (fr)
DE (1) DE50208351D1 (fr)
DK (1) DK1420077T3 (fr)
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KR100621564B1 (ko) 2003-03-20 2006-09-19 수미도모 메탈 인더스트리즈, 리미티드 고압 수소 가스용 스테인레스강, 그 강으로 이루어지는 용기 및 기기
US20090053100A1 (en) * 2005-12-07 2009-02-26 Pankiw Roman I Cast heat-resistant austenitic steel with improved temperature creep properties and balanced alloying element additions and methodology for development of the same
DK2246454T3 (en) * 2008-02-27 2015-10-05 Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corp Opkulningsresistent metal material
CN102216479B (zh) * 2008-11-19 2014-11-26 山特维克知识产权股份有限公司 形成氧化铝的镍基合金
RU2415962C2 (ru) * 2009-01-11 2011-04-10 Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Государственный космический научно-производственный центр имени М.В. Хруничева" (ФГУП "ГКНПЦ им. М.В. Хруничева") Аустенитная дисперсионно-твердеющая высокопрочная сталь, стойкая к сероводородному растрескиванию под напряжением
EP2224031B1 (fr) 2009-02-17 2013-04-03 MEC Holding GmbH Alliage résistant à l'usure
EP2287351A1 (fr) * 2009-07-22 2011-02-23 Arcelormittal Investigación y Desarrollo SL Acier austénitique résistant à la chaleur doté d'une grande résistance aux craquelures de relaxation des contraintes
CN101921967A (zh) * 2010-08-12 2010-12-22 江苏新华合金电器有限公司 一种新型奥氏体耐热不锈钢
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CA2416950A1 (fr) 2003-07-23
DE50208351D1 (de) 2006-11-16
DK1420077T3 (da) 2007-02-05
ATA1072002A (de) 2002-10-15
KR100540851B1 (ko) 2006-01-10
EP1420077A1 (fr) 2004-05-19
CN1434146A (zh) 2003-08-06
RU2246553C2 (ru) 2005-02-20
TWI225102B (en) 2004-12-11
US20030136482A1 (en) 2003-07-24
BR0300116A (pt) 2003-09-09
AT410550B (de) 2003-05-26
HK1067668A1 (zh) 2005-04-15
CA2416950C (fr) 2007-08-28
KR20030064304A (ko) 2003-07-31
RU2003101774A (ru) 2005-01-10
ES2273992T3 (es) 2007-05-16

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