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EP1413842B1 - Echangeur de chaleur - Google Patents

Echangeur de chaleur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1413842B1
EP1413842B1 EP03020684A EP03020684A EP1413842B1 EP 1413842 B1 EP1413842 B1 EP 1413842B1 EP 03020684 A EP03020684 A EP 03020684A EP 03020684 A EP03020684 A EP 03020684A EP 1413842 B1 EP1413842 B1 EP 1413842B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wall
heat exchanger
fluid
exhaust gas
tubes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP03020684A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1413842A2 (fr
EP1413842A3 (fr
Inventor
Uwe Dr. Krüger
Rainer Lutz
Martin Schindler
Michael Schmidt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mahle Behr GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Behr GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Behr GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Behr GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1413842A2 publication Critical patent/EP1413842A2/fr
Publication of EP1413842A3 publication Critical patent/EP1413842A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1413842B1 publication Critical patent/EP1413842B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0234—Header boxes; End plates having a second heat exchanger disposed there within, e.g. oil cooler
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/22—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with coolers in the recirculation passage
    • F02M26/29—Constructional details of the coolers, e.g. pipes, plates, ribs, insulation or materials
    • F02M26/32—Liquid-cooled heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0219—Arrangements for sealing end plates into casing or header box; Header box sub-elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
    • F28D21/0003—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F2009/0285—Other particular headers or end plates
    • F28F2009/029—Other particular headers or end plates with increasing or decreasing cross-section, e.g. having conical shape
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2265/00—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction
    • F28F2265/26—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction for allowing differential expansion between elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat exchanger, in particular an exhaust gas heat exchanger for a motor vehicle, with pipes and a head piece.
  • the local exhaust gas cooler is of elongate shape, has at its front ends in each case a bottom, in which the ends of a plurality of tubes are inserted, which are arranged one below the other at a distance.
  • the resulting tube bundle is surrounded by a jacket which is provided with connections through which coolant is supplied and removed.
  • the exhaust gas cooler At the bottom at a front end of the exhaust gas cooler is followed by an approximately funnel-shaped tapered distribution chamber, which communicates with the plurality of tubes. On the opposite side of the floor, the distribution chamber merges into a flange, which is connected to a secondary exhaust pipe.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a heat exchanger in which a safe and possibly improved function is ensured.
  • a heat exchanger comprises a tube block forming tubes, which are flowed through by a first fluid and a second fluid flow around it, so that heat from the first to the second fluid or vice versa transferable. Furthermore, the heat exchanger comprises a head piece, in which there is a distribution chamber communicating with the tubes, so that the first fluid can be distributed to the tubes.
  • the object of the invention is advantageously achieved in that the head at least partially comprises an inner and an outer wall.
  • the basic idea of the invention is to reduce an immediate transfer of heat from the first fluid flowing into the distribution chamber to the contact area between the head piece and the tube block. This ensures that during operation of the heat exchanger, the temperature difference between the head piece in the contact area and the tube block is smaller than in a one-wall only Head piece, so that less thermal stresses between the head piece and the tube block occur.
  • an inner wall according to the present invention for example, a guide plate to understand, which is inserted into a head piece according to the prior art.
  • An outer wall is then formed by the prior art header.
  • a gap or cavity occurring between the inner and outer walls causes a thermal insulation between the inner and the outer wall and thus also between the distribution chamber and the outer wall, so that the object underlying the invention is achieved in a very simple manner.
  • the inner and the outer wall are supported against each other with support means.
  • the support means are integrated as a knob-like characteristics, as circumferential or interrupted rib or ribs or as deformed statements in the inner and / or in the outer wall, whereby a simple and therefore cost-effective design is possible.
  • a channel is formed between the inner and the outer wall, which via an inlet opening in the outer wall can be acted upon by a third fluid.
  • the channel can have any shape, but for reasons of space, a flat channel along an inner wall of the outer wall is advantageous.
  • the inner wall is fastened to the outer wall in a region of the head piece facing away from the tubes, so that the distance for the heat conduction from the inner wall to the outer wall in the contact area between the head piece and the tube block is increased and increased warmth Transfer is reduced from the flowing into the distribution chamber fluid to the contact area.
  • a heat-resistant connection such as a welded joint
  • At least the outer wall is additionally coolable, whereby the contact area between the head piece and the tube block thermally even better decoupled from the first fluid flowing into the distribution chamber.
  • thermal stresses between the header and the tube block and associated leaks are even better avoided.
  • the third fluid can be conducted through the channel into the distribution chamber and / or into the tubes.
  • the associated mixture of first and third fluid in the heat exchanger an additional heat transfer and thus improved performance of the heat exchanger is possible.
  • a prerequisite for this embodiment is a functional compatibility of the first fluid with the third fluid, for example an equality of the third with the first fluid, and a pressure level of the third fluid that is at least as great as that of the first fluid in the distribution chamber, since the Otherwise, the first fluid exits through the channel from the heat exchanger.
  • the first fluid is an exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine and the third fluid is air.
  • the third fluid is air.
  • the third fluid can be passed out of the channel through an outlet opening in the outer wall.
  • the channel in a closed circuit for example, in a cooling circuit can be integrated, whereby a cooling of the outer wall in a simple manner by means of existing devices, such as the engine cooling circuit, is possible.
  • the third fluid is equal to the second fluid, in particular coolant, whereby cooling of the head piece of cooling of the tube block can be preceded or followed.
  • Fig. 1 is a heat exchanger 100, which is used as a coolant-cooled exhaust gas cooler, shown in a broken view.
  • the heat exchanger 100 consists of a tube block 110 which is composed of a plurality of tubes 120 and a jacket 130.
  • the spaced-apart tubes 120 are inserted at the front ends of the tube block 110 in tube sheets, which are not visible except for a circumferential edge 140 from the outside.
  • the jacket 130 is itself tubular and has in its end regions circumferential chambers 150, which are provided with connections 160 for a coolant.
  • an approximately funnel-shaped head piece 170 is inserted and welded, so that a non-visible distribution chamber in the head piece 170 communicates with the tubes 120.
  • the head piece merges into a flange 180, which can be connected to an exhaust line, not shown.
  • the header 170 is heated up considerably due to the usually high exhaust gas temperatures. Subsequently, the exhaust gas flows through the tubes 120 where it can deliver heat to the tube walls. Subsequently, the exhaust gas is collected in another header and led out of the approximately symmetrically constructed exhaust gas cooler.
  • the peripheral chamber 150 of the shell 130 is supplied via the port 160 with a coolant from the cooling circuit of the internal combustion engine, so that the coolant can flow around the tubes 120 and absorb heat from the pipe walls, after which the coolant is led out through a further connection from the exhaust gas cooler.
  • the head piece 210 has a wall 220 which is very strongly heated during operation of the exhaust gas cooler 200 due to the direct contact with the hot, flowing into the distribution chamber 230 exhaust gas stream 240.
  • the tube block 280 consisting of the tubes 250, the tubesheet 260 and the jacket 270 is directly cooled by the coolant 290, so that the tube block 280 is heated far less than the wall 220 of the header 210.
  • a section of a heat exchanger 300 according to the present invention is shown in cross-section.
  • the head piece 310 consists of an outer wall 320 and designed as a guide plate inner wall 330, between which a gap-shaped cavity 325 is formed.
  • the baffle 330 is inserted into the outer wall during manufacture of the exhaust gas cooler 300 and welded, with other attachment methods are conceivable.
  • the baffle 330 prevents a direct flow of the contact point 340 between the outer wall 320 and the tube block 350 and the tube plate 360 with flowing into the distribution chamber 370 exhaust gas 380.
  • the gap-shaped cavity 325 serves as a kind of thermal insulation between the distribution chamber 370 and the pad 340, so that the outer wall 320 and the contact point 340 are less strongly heated by the exhaust stream 380. This will be thermal Tensions between the header 310 and the tube block 350 are reduced and the risk of leakage is reduced.
  • the inner wall 330 and the outer wall 320 may be fastened to each other at several points, in particular welded together.
  • the walls 320, 330 are advantageously welded together only in a region 390 facing away from the tube block 350 in order to delay as much as possible a heat conduction from the guide plate 330 to the contact point 340 within the material of the head piece 310.
  • the outer wall 320 and the guide plate 330 are in an area facing the tube block 350 with support nubs 395, which in the exemplary embodiment in FIG Fig. 3 are integrated into the guide plate 330, supported against each other.
  • the support nubs can also be integrated into the outer wall 320 or in both walls.
  • FIG. 4 shows a detail of a further embodiment example of an exhaust gas cooler 400 according to the invention in a cross section.
  • a head 410 in turn consists of an outer wall 420 and an inner wall formed as a guide plate 430, between which a gap-shaped cavity 425 is formed, whereby a contact point 435 between the outer wall 420 and the tube block 440 or the tubesheet 445 is thermally insulated from exhaust gas 455 flowing into the distribution chamber 450.
  • the inner wall 430 and the outer wall 420 are welded together only in a region 460 facing away from the tube block 440 and are supported against one another in a region facing the tube block 440 with supporting knobs 465 integrated into the inner wall 430.
  • the outer wall has an inlet opening 470, so that the gap-shaped cavity 425 can be acted upon via a connecting flange 475 with air 480.
  • the communicating with the distribution chamber 450 cavity 425 serves as a flow channel, which leads the air flow 485 between the outer wall 420 and the inner wall 420 in the distribution chamber 450.
  • the indicated by the arrow 485 air flow is mixed with the exhaust stream 455, so that an already pre-cooled exhaust gas-air mixture enters the tube block 440.
  • the exhaust gas as a whole is cooled more effectively and the performance of the exhaust gas cooler 400 is increased.
  • the pressure of the air 480 is higher than the pressure of the exhaust gas 455 in the distribution chamber 450.
  • compressed air or charge air which is compressed by an air conveyor.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a cross section of a further embodiment possibility for an exhaust gas cooler 500 in the cutout.
  • an inner wall 510 of a head piece 520 is welded to a tube plate 530 and a tube block 540.
  • An outer wall 550 is fixed in a liquid-tight manner to the inner wall 510, for example welded, in a region 560 facing the tube block 540 as well as in a region 570 facing away from the tube block 540.
  • the outer wall 550 has a connecting piece 580 for a coolant inlet and a further, not shown connecting piece for a coolant outlet.
  • the channel 590 formed by the cavity between the inner wall 510 and the outer wall 550 flows through coolant 600 of a cooling circuit.
  • the contact point 610 between the header 520, the tube sheet 530 and the tube block 540 is located directly on the hot exhaust gas stream 620 in the distribution chamber 630, the temperature difference between the header 520 and the tube block 540 is reduced by the cooling effect of the coolant 600 , Thus, the mechanical stress of the contact point 610 and thus the danger reduced by leaks.
  • the performance of the exhaust gas cooler 500 is increased.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Echangeur de chaleur, en particulier échangeur de chaleur de gaz d'échappement (100, 300, 400, 500) pour un véhicule automobile, comprenant des tubes (120) qui peuvent être traversés par un premier fluide et contournés par un deuxième fluide, et comprenant une pièce de tête (170, 310, 410, 520) dans laquelle se trouve une chambre de distribution (370, 450, 630) communiquant avec les tubes (120), où la pièce de tête (170, 310, 410, 520) comprend, au moins par zones, une paroi intérieure (330, 430, 510) et une paroi extérieure (320, 420, 550),
    caractérisé en ce que la paroi intérieure (330, 430, 510) et la paroi extérieure (320, 420, 550) sont en appui, l'une contre l'autre, par des moyens supports (395, 465), et un conduit (425, 590) formé entre la paroi intérieure (330, 430, 510) et la paroi extérieure (320, 420, 550) peut être alimenté avec un troisième fluide, par une ouverture d'entrée placée dans la paroi extérieure (320, 420, 550).
  2. Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la paroi intérieure (330, 430, 510) est fixée, en particulier soudée, sur la paroi extérieure (320, 420, 550), dans une zone de la pièce de tête (170, 310, 410, 520) placée à l'opposé des tubes (120).
  3. Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les moyens supports (395, 465) sont intégrés dans la paroi intérieure (330, 430, 510) et / ou dans la paroi extérieure (320, 420, 550), comme des parties saillantes en forme de tétons, comme une nervure ou des nervures circulaire(s) ou discontinue(s) ou bien comme des parties relevées déformée.
  4. Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le troisième fluide peut être dirigé dans la chambre de distribution (370, 450, 630) et / ou dans les tubes (120), à travers le conduit (425, 590).
  5. Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que le premier fluide est constitué par des gaz d'échappement provenant d'un moteur à combustion interne, le troisième fluide étant de l'air.
  6. Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le troisième fluide peut être dirigé hors du conduit (425, 590), à travers une ouverture de sortie placée dans la paroi extérieure (320, 420, 550).
  7. Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le troisième fluide, identique au deuxième fluide, est en particulier du liquide de refroidissement.
EP03020684A 2002-10-14 2003-09-11 Echangeur de chaleur Expired - Lifetime EP1413842B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10247837A DE10247837A1 (de) 2002-10-14 2002-10-14 Wärmeübertrager
DE10247837 2002-10-14

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1413842A2 EP1413842A2 (fr) 2004-04-28
EP1413842A3 EP1413842A3 (fr) 2005-12-28
EP1413842B1 true EP1413842B1 (fr) 2008-12-24

Family

ID=32038648

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03020684A Expired - Lifetime EP1413842B1 (fr) 2002-10-14 2003-09-11 Echangeur de chaleur

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US7121325B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1413842B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10247837A1 (fr)

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DE20316688U1 (de) 2003-10-29 2004-03-11 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Wärmetauscher
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WO2007045406A1 (fr) * 2005-10-20 2007-04-26 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Echangeur thermique
US7461639B2 (en) * 2006-04-25 2008-12-09 Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. Coated heat exchanger
US8794299B2 (en) * 2007-02-27 2014-08-05 Modine Manufacturing Company 2-Pass heat exchanger including thermal expansion joints
EP2137478A2 (fr) * 2007-04-11 2009-12-30 Behr GmbH & Co. KG Échangeur de chaleur
US8225852B2 (en) * 2008-04-30 2012-07-24 Dana Canada Corporation Heat exchanger using air and liquid as coolants
JP5048695B2 (ja) * 2009-02-27 2012-10-17 株式会社小松製作所 Ｅｇｒクーラ
JP5486858B2 (ja) * 2009-07-07 2014-05-07 日本発條株式会社 熱交換器
ES2575583T3 (es) * 2010-03-12 2016-06-29 Yanmar Co., Ltd. Intercambiador de calor del gas de escape del motor y dispositivo de suministro de energía que lo utiliza
FR2958385B1 (fr) * 2010-03-31 2013-01-18 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Echangeur de chaleur a performances accrues
DE102014006761A1 (de) 2013-06-21 2014-12-24 Modine Manufacturing Company Abgaskühler
WO2015038111A1 (fr) * 2013-09-11 2015-03-19 International Engine Intellectual Property Company, Llc Écran thermique pour un refroidisseur de recirculation de gaz d'échappement (egr)
KR20180010364A (ko) * 2016-07-20 2018-01-31 현대자동차주식회사 Egr쿨러 결합구조
JP6361704B2 (ja) * 2016-07-26 2018-07-25 マツダ株式会社 エンジンの排気構造
DE102018106936A1 (de) * 2018-03-23 2019-09-26 Hanon Systems Ladeluftkühler aus einem flüssigkeitsgekühlten Vorkühler und einem luftgekühlten Hauptkühler
US11371786B2 (en) * 2020-10-21 2022-06-28 General Electric Company Heat exchanger for a gas turbine engine
US11867472B2 (en) * 2021-04-30 2024-01-09 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Heated header for subfreezing heat exchanger
US12298091B2 (en) * 2022-10-06 2025-05-13 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Heat exchanger with header embedded cooling channels

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE50310964D1 (de) 2009-02-05
EP1413842A2 (fr) 2004-04-28
DE10247837A1 (de) 2004-04-22
EP1413842A3 (fr) 2005-12-28
US7121325B2 (en) 2006-10-17
US20040188070A1 (en) 2004-09-30

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