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EP1412054A2 - Elements de l'espace tropospherique enrichis d'elements vitaux et/ou de substances protectrices - Google Patents

Elements de l'espace tropospherique enrichis d'elements vitaux et/ou de substances protectrices

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Publication number
EP1412054A2
EP1412054A2 EP02767058A EP02767058A EP1412054A2 EP 1412054 A2 EP1412054 A2 EP 1412054A2 EP 02767058 A EP02767058 A EP 02767058A EP 02767058 A EP02767058 A EP 02767058A EP 1412054 A2 EP1412054 A2 EP 1412054A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tropospheric
substances
protective
elements
space
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP02767058A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1412054B1 (fr
Inventor
Franz-Dietrich Oeste
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE10217932A external-priority patent/DE10217932A1/de
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP1412054A2 publication Critical patent/EP1412054A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1412054B1 publication Critical patent/EP1412054B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/188—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof
    • C10L1/1881—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof carboxylic group attached to an aliphatic carbon atom
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    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
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    • C10L1/12—Inorganic compounds
    • C10L1/1208—Inorganic compounds elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/12—Inorganic compounds
    • C10L1/1233—Inorganic compounds oxygen containing compounds, e.g. oxides, hydroxides, acids and salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/12—Inorganic compounds
    • C10L1/1233—Inorganic compounds oxygen containing compounds, e.g. oxides, hydroxides, acids and salts thereof
    • C10L1/1241—Inorganic compounds oxygen containing compounds, e.g. oxides, hydroxides, acids and salts thereof metal carbonyls
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/12—Inorganic compounds
    • C10L1/1283—Inorganic compounds phosphorus, arsenicum, antimonium containing compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/1814—Chelates
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    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/20—Organic compounds containing halogen
    • C10L1/201—Organic compounds containing halogen aliphatic bond
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    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/24—Organic compounds containing sulfur, selenium and/or tellurium
    • C10L1/2406—Organic compounds containing sulfur, selenium and/or tellurium mercaptans; hydrocarbon sulfides
    • C10L1/2412—Organic compounds containing sulfur, selenium and/or tellurium mercaptans; hydrocarbon sulfides sulfur bond to an aromatic radical
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/24—Organic compounds containing sulfur, selenium and/or tellurium
    • C10L1/2431—Organic compounds containing sulfur, selenium and/or tellurium sulfur bond to oxygen, e.g. sulfones, sulfoxides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/24—Organic compounds containing sulfur, selenium and/or tellurium
    • C10L1/2431—Organic compounds containing sulfur, selenium and/or tellurium sulfur bond to oxygen, e.g. sulfones, sulfoxides
    • C10L1/2437—Sulfonic acids; Derivatives thereof, e.g. sulfonamides, sulfosuccinic acid esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/26—Organic compounds containing phosphorus
    • C10L1/2633—Organic compounds containing phosphorus phosphorus bond to oxygen (no P. C. bond)
    • C10L1/2641—Organic compounds containing phosphorus phosphorus bond to oxygen (no P. C. bond) oxygen bonds only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/28—Organic compounds containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/30—Organic compounds compounds not mentioned before (complexes)
    • C10L1/301—Organic compounds compounds not mentioned before (complexes) derived from metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/30—Organic compounds compounds not mentioned before (complexes)
    • C10L1/305—Organic compounds compounds not mentioned before (complexes) organo-metallic compounds (containing a metal to carbon bond)
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
    • C10L10/02—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for reducing smoke development
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
    • C10L3/003—Additives for gaseous fuels
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
    • C10L9/10—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by using additives
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S588/00—Hazardous or toxic waste destruction or containment
    • Y10S588/90—Apparatus
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S588/00—Hazardous or toxic waste destruction or containment
    • Y10S588/901—Compositions

Definitions

  • the tropospheric space elements enriched with vital elements and / or protective substances and processes for their production and use are described.
  • Vital elements here describe the substances that require the development of the living components of the terrestrial biosphere, and protective substances are those substances that lead directly or indirectly to them that harmful effects on the earth's biosphere, especially humans, are prevented
  • the tropospheric space elements according to the invention are enriched with vital elements and / or protective substances.
  • Tropospheric space elements in the form of clouds containing harmful substances, which can escape in the event of an accident in systems, are enriched with protective substances which prevent the absorption of radioactive elements in the organism, the expansion of Minimize areas exposed to the clouds and have additional warning and marking functions
  • the enriched tropospheric space elements can have numerous beneficial effects, the most important of which are
  • the components of the environment include the animate and inanimate parts of the earth's surface and the adjoining areas together with air space, earth's surface, soil, sediment, sediment surface, water, ecosystems.
  • the parts are interwoven with one another via material cycles, all of which are connected to each other by sometimes unstable flow balances that the complex system can exist in different more or less stable phases
  • the transition from one phase to the other can be triggered by relatively small causes
  • the transitions between the possible climate phases are perceived particularly disadvantageously
  • the geological climate history of the ice ages has taught that the Transition of the earthly climate between the glacial cold climate, the temperate climate and the warm, hot climate can be accomplished quickly within a few years
  • the solution to the problem bundle shown is brought about by the fact that defined tropospheric space elements are generated which are enriched with vital elements and / or protective substances.
  • Vital elements are used here to denote all the elements required for the development of the living components of the terrestrial biosphere, and protective substances are used here Substances referred to directly or indirectly lead to the prevention of harmful effects on the earthly biosphere and the life forms occurring therein
  • the tropospheric space elements enriched with protective substances and / or vital elements are preferably produced by adding the smoke gases according to the invention into the tropospheric air space above the desired area of action.
  • the addition of the smoke gases according to the invention has the aim of protecting substances and / or to spread vital elements in the troposphere over the desired area of influence, to remain there for a period of time and finally to sink to the surface of the land and / or water.
  • the flue gases according to the invention which are used for this purpose, are enriched with protective substances and / or vital elements Substances designated as protective substances also pay for those substances from which protective substances are formed, particularly in the troposphere
  • the flue gases can be produced by burning fuels containing vital elements and / or fuels containing other substances, during the combustion of which protective substances are formed.However, it is also possible to enrich the flue gases with vital elements and / or protective substances after they have been created.The enrichment of the flue gases with vital elements and / or protective substances after the combustion process is preferred if these are temperature-sensitive substances or substances that cannot be produced in the combustion process. For many applications it is advantageous to use conventional fuels, in particular, for example, 01 and petrol, for the production of to use flue gases according to the invention.
  • the substance additives from which a vital element and protective substance component is formed in the flue gas formed during combustion are preferably in the form of oil- or gasoline-soluble compounds in a molecularly disperse distribution.
  • Table 1 gives examples f r Substances that can be used as fuels or fuel additives to produce the flue gases according to the invention
  • Table 2 gives examples of protective substances that can be added to the flue gas after combustion
  • Table 3 gives examples of substances containing protective substances and / or vital elements as components of Flue gases produced by combustion
  • Table 4 contains further examples of protective substances
  • Table 5 contains examples of such substances from which protective substances can automatically form in the troposphere
  • the smoke gases according to the invention can be generated by combustion in any combustion system. They can also be done by means of vehicles powered by the fuels according to the invention, in particular airplanes, ships and automobiles. They can also be done by means of devices specially designed for this purpose
  • the production of the tropospheric space elements by applying the commercially available protective substances and vital elements is not preferred if the substances are solid.
  • the commercially available protective substances and vital elements with the finest grain size are the so-called pyrogenic oxides.
  • Such commercial products are, for example, "Aerosil” (silicon dioxide) and Titanium dioxide pigments (the latter without the protective coating against the formation of hydroxyl radicals) Even if these dusts are applied in finely obtainable form, they have the disadvantage of short residence times because they settle quickly.
  • protective substances and vital elements in the form of gases can be found in some Distribute applications in the tropospheric space element even without the participation of flue gas
  • vital elements are, for example, the essential elements phosphorus, nitrogen, silicon and iron, which living beings need to exist
  • protective substances are substances that directly trigger the destruction, removal or rendering harmless of harmful substances or substances that prevent the contact of living beings with harmful substances.
  • Protective substances include the hydroxyl radicals in the troposphere, because they break down there Harmful reducing substances such as methane, smog and flue gases.
  • Protective substances include substances that stimulate hydroxyl radical formation in the troposphere, such as titanium-containing oxides.
  • Protective substances include the pollutant sorbents carbon black, pyrogenic silica and iron (III) oxide, mist and the mist formers
  • the protective substances also include the warning substances which, by color, smell or irritant effect, prevent living beings, in particular humans, from approaching a harmful substance or from eating or drinking contaminated food or water
  • the protective substances include, for example, the color pigments Soot and iron oxide red, the odor-intensive substances ethyl mercaptan and pyridine, the irritants chloroacetophenone and trichloronitromethane, the taste-intensive substances or flavors, and also nauseating or nausea-inducing substances
  • tropospheric space elements enriched with vital elements and / or protective substances according to the invention are examples of the tropospheric space elements enriched with vital elements and / or protective substances according to the invention.
  • the tropospheric space element over the ocean which is preferably enriched with aerosols, which contain vital elements, e.g. iron and phosphorus in oxidic bonds, for phytoplankton growth and protective substances, e.g. titanium in oxidic and / or nitridic bonds, which are responsible for photolytic formation which can trigger hydroxyl radicals for methane degradation and other undesirable tropospheric gases.
  • the aerosols contribute directly and indirectly to increasing the retro-radiation (albedo) of the troposphere.
  • the tropospheric space element over country or coastal areas with high traffic and industrial emissions which is preferably enriched with aerosols containing protective substances, e.g. titanium in an oxidic bond, which is used here for the photolytic degradation of smog, nitrogen oxides, carbon oxides, halogen and nitroaromatics as well stimulates other undesirable combustion and emission products and, for example, iron in an oxidic bond, which causes the sorptive binding of friction lining emission products, in particular carcinogenic antimony and toxic lead
  • the regional troposphere spatial element over land or coastal regions which is characterized by the lack of essential elements, for example iodine, selenium, manganese, molybdenum, which is preferably enriched with gases and / or aerosols containing the missing vital elements.
  • the essential elements are preferably through sorptive or chemisorptive bond bound to carrier aerosols, e.g. soot or iron oxides, which have been generated by combustion
  • the tropospheric space elements enriched with protective substances according to the invention also include the clouds generated during the most severe nuclear power plant accidents and driving in the troposphere and enriched with radioactive elements, such as those generated from the Chernobyl nuclear power plant Uncontrolled nuclear reactions from other sources can occur.Examples of this are e.g.
  • the protective substances used for this purpose can be assigned to one or more substances from the substance groups of the marking substances, the sorbents, the substances that require precipitation, the substances that require condensation, the substances that require agglomeration of particles and the substances that prevent the absorption of substances into the organism
  • the pollutant clouds enriched with protective substances and the contaminated sediments that have fallen out of them or the contaminated water that has come into contact with them can be optically, olfactory, tasty and also by anyone using one or more protective substances from the pigment, smell, taste and irritant area recognized as a skin irritation and thus avoided Restricted to smell and skin irritation, this also applies to the animal world.
  • Some examples of such marking substances are given in Table 2
  • these contaminated tropospheric space elements are preferably enriched with protective substances that bind the pollutants, request their precipitation and directly prevent their absorption into the organism
  • the clouds containing pollutants are enriched with protective substances.
  • the uptake of the radioactive, toxic or virulent substances in human and animal organisms but also plants is thereby hindered or prevented directly and / or indirectly.
  • the effects of the released toxic emissions can be considerably reduced
  • the tropospheric space elements enriched with protective substances are manufactured using specially designed safety devices.
  • the application of the safety devices is described using the example of an accident with released radioactive emissions from an uncontrolled nuclear reaction in a nuclear power plant (NPP).
  • NPP nuclear power plant
  • GAU nuclear power plant
  • the hot exhaust gases from such nuclear fission reactions can be assigned to the flue gases, since high-temperature chemical combustion processes are usually involved.
  • a potential hazard at the GAU is Release of radioactive iodine isotopes
  • the fuel and / or fuel additive according to the invention with iodine additive is stored as a protective substance in the NPP.
  • the fuel can be burned as close as possible to the location of the open nuclear fuel reaction happen with one or more hollow lances in the immediate vicinity of the nuclear fuel reaction, the heat of the nuclear reaction causing the liquid fuel to ignite It is also possible to use natural gas enriched with hydrogen iodide as a fuel and to burn off in a corresponding manner.
  • the flue gases according to the invention mix together with the GAU Flue gases
  • the safety device can also mi from a conventional combustion device for releasing the iodine-containing combustion products according to the invention from the fuels and fuel additives t Conventional oil or gas burners are used. Iodine-doped fuel oils and fuel oil additives are preferred as fuels.
  • the emission of radioactive iodine from the GAU flue gases into the troposphere is preferably a multiple of the amount of radioactive iodine released in the unit of time from the iodine emission according to the invention with the flue gases surpassed the troposphere in order to minimize the risk of radioactive iodine isotopes when people come into contact with the emissions at the place of immission
  • Soot is suitable for the sorption of gaseous radioactive substances and can easily be caused by incomplete combustion of soot oil as soot-containing flue gas
  • soot oil as soot-containing flue gas
  • Organically bound iron and / or manganese in the fuel produces flue gases enriched with iron and / or manganese oxides, which are an excellent sorbent for radioactive heavy metals.
  • Soot aerosol is superficially oxidized in the rising hot flue gases from the meltdown and during transport in the troposphere Oxidized soot is also able to bind parts of the heavy radioactive elements
  • An increased content of the contaminated cloud with water vapor and / or mist-forming substances as a protective substance has a beneficial effect on the binding of the radioactive metals to the sorption-active protective substances.
  • the binding of the radioactive heavy metals, metalloids and alkaline earths to the oxidized soot particle and / or oxide particle protective substances is particularly advantageous from the aqueous phase, because this phase induces the formation of dissolved ions from it, which can be more easily absorbed by the sorbents soot and iron oxides.
  • the contaminated cloud can also be enriched with fog-forming protective substances.
  • Fog-forming agents can both generated by combustion as well as by injection of the fog-forming agents into the hot flue gases.
  • These include, for example, volatile acids, volatile bases, volatile hydrolyzing salts and thermally decomposing salts as well as hygrocopical substances or also those substances that can convert into one or more fog-forming substances in the cloud enriched with protective substances.
  • the substances listed in Tables 3 and 4 are examples of this
  • Mist formers can also be generated directly from fuels and fuels, e.g. phosphoric acid from the combustion of tricresyl phosphate, sulfuric acid from the combustion of carbon disulphide.
  • these substances or their oxidation and / or hydrolysis products form aqueous droplets of protective substances
  • water-soluble hygroscopic protective substances to form protective mists preferably ammonium chloride, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride or zinc chloride combinations of volatile bases with volatile acids also result in advantageous and stable protective mist.
  • Consistent protective mist can also be generated by burning metal dust such as zinc, aluminum, iron or magnesium or their mixtures with highly chlorinated organic substances as oxidizing agents
  • the protective substances carbon black and iron oxide according to the invention have pigment properties and thus form a simple method for optically marking the fall-out area, recognizable by the black or red fall-out color.
  • the binding of harmful substances to the protective substances also has the advantage of easier separation of radioactivity from the contaminated air with air purification devices and the reduction of water contamination by dissolved radioactive substances
  • protective substances that can be detected on the smell and / or by skin irritation are suitable as sensory markers for the radioactive cloud and its emissions.
  • these are the substances from the groups of the odor-intensive and / or skin-irritating substances. Examples include mercaptans (odor-intensive), pyridine ( Odor-intensive), halogen ketones (skin irritant), halogen nitriles (skin irritant), halogen cyanides (skin irritant), trichloronitromethane (skin irritant), halogen nitroaromatics (skin irritant), oxazepine (skin irritant) and the like.
  • the mechanisms of action described using the example of the radioactive accident cloud enriched with protective substances can be analogously applied to accident traps with the emission of toxin-contaminated or gas clouds contaminated with viruses or microbes in close-up urban areas, it may be necessary to kindle a fire to form the flue gases containing the protective agent in order to give the gas cloud thermal lift, which lifts the pollutant cloud above the particularly vulnerable locations
  • the local tropospheric space elements enriched with protective substance aerosols, in which the hydroxyl radical formation is stimulated upon irradiation can make conventional motor vehicle catalyst systems for exhaust gas purification superfluous.
  • the effect of the finely divided aerosols according to the invention can exceed the effect of the fixed catalyst beds because they also remain in the flue gas cloud after leaving the Exhaust can continue to work wherever it drives
  • the smog components ozone, N0 X , peroxyacetyl nitrate are broken down by the hydroxyl radicals formed or do not even form where the OH radical concentration is significantly higher than
  • Protective aerosols contain oxidically bound iron, carcinogenic antimony and toxic lead, which is contained in the released friction lining wear of clutch and brake linings, can still bind to it even if it continues with the precipitation has been washed up and sedimented together with the protective substance particles or washed away with the rainwater into the sewage system.
  • the protective substance aerosols that have descended from the air onto the surfaces of vegetation, buildings and soil can also continue to form the hydroxyl radicals there when irradiated, so that they can continue their cleaning function there
  • the emission of the smoke-forming smoke gases could be demanded for automobiles that mainly drive during the day due to the elimination or reduction of the fuel tax for the corresponding fuels, so that, alternatively to the use of catalyst, smoke-containing smoke gas can be used for these vehicles, the installation of catalytic exhaust gas cleaning devices as it is prescribed in particular on gasoline-powered vehicles, then to be eliminated
  • the control and monitoring of the enrichment of the vital elements and / or protective substances in The tropospheric space elements above the ocean are therefore of particular importance because the throughput in the non-geogenic part of the carbon cycle increases with increasing vital element input, while ensuring the sustainable stability of its flow balance
  • the increase in carbon freight in this part of the carbon cycle thus requires that the carbon freight removed from the troposphere by the increase in mass of phytoplankton caused by the inventive tropospheric space element is replaced to a sufficient extent in the transition phase, this can still be done by burning fossil fuels After that, the products from the increased phytoplankton production, namely kerogen and methane hydrate sediment, are to be integrated into the energy production of the anthropogenic material industry. Otherwise there is a risk that the climate will slide into a cold phase due to a drop in the concentration of tropospheric carbon dioxide
  • Carbon dioxide sinks Assimilated carbon dioxide load in phytoplankton, geogenic binding in the weathering process as limestone sediment and limestone sediment subduction in crust and mantle -> (3a) and (3b)
  • test parameters can be used to control the stability of the flow equilibrium in the carbon cycle with the increased increased carbon load rate. These test parameters are preferably obtained from the ecosystems and other environmental systems that are directly influenced by them.
  • the control of the carbon load takes place by raising or lowering the vital element and / or protective substance content in the tropospheric space element according to the invention. This is done according to the invention by the continuous or sporadic metering of the active substance contents supplied in each case through the air space and the determination of the position of the respective supply locations in strict dependence on the position and change of the respectively measured relevant parameters.
  • Such parameters are e.g.
  • the concentration of vital elements and / or protective substances in the tropospheric space element also its volume or that which it covers, has an influence on the carbon throughput.
  • the size of the secondary particles is the preferred measurement size, since their diameter is a significant factor in the rate of descent of the aerosol particles.
  • Secondary particles consist of primary particle agglomerates. The diameters of the secondary particles are a function of the aerosol concentration in the flue gas This in turn is a function of the concentration of the aerosol-forming combustible substance in the fuel, the higher it is, the coarser secondary particles contain the flue gas and the faster they sink down in the troposphere
  • Similar regulation mechanisms can also be used in the accident-oriented dosing of active ingredients to enrich the contamination cloud. These depend, for example, on the data available on the pollutant load that is continuously supplied to the cloud, which in the example of a nuclear power plant accident results from the radiation temperature of the nuclear fuel melt and / or the height of the thermal convection column and / or their radioactive radiation intensity can be estimated relatively precisely From the spectrum of the radioactive radiation intensity and the knowledge of the nuclear fuel used, conclusions can also be drawn about the existing active inventory in the emission. These criteria are suitable both for determining the necessary freight rates of the protective substances Von Fall if necessary, it can also be decided whether all of these protective substances should be used or only a certain fraction
  • the tropospheric space elements with an increased vital element content have the particular advantage that the vital elements are introduced into the sea or the land area sustainably and over a large area.
  • Experiments carried out to deploy vital elements in the form of iron salts that were directly introduced into the ocean have only small regions Can trigger phytoplankton mass increase
  • a sustainable elimination of the crisis for humanity can be averted in particular with the oceanic tropospheric space element enriched with vital elements and protective substances according to the invention. Selected individual effects are
  • the mixed oxides and nitrides required to produce the additives to the tropospheric space elements are all non-toxic and, in the concentrations used, also have no adverse effect on the lungs and digestive tract. They also have no toxic effects on the environment. At least it is not known that the natural particles Similar constitution, which can be released in considerable quantities in the tropospheric hydrolysis of Vukan gas exhalations from iron, silicon and titanium halides, where they occur, which caused health damage
  • titanates, ferrates, zirconates, zirconium dioxide and cerium dioxide which may be present in the aerosols according to the invention likewise largely fail Detached non-crystalline lattices and are chemically-biologically among the inert substances In the sandy sediments from weathered crystalline and volcanic rocks and in volcanic ash, these elements are occasionally resistant to weathering Heavy mineral fraction enriched as rutile, anatase, brookite, ilmenite, titaniumite, zircon. Harmful effects of these substances in the digestive tract are therefore not known or expected
  • the natural pollution caused by wind-borne particulate aerosol fraction will increase worldwide without the use of tropospheric space elements enriched with vital elements and / or protective substances because of the then continuing increase in devastation and desertification.
  • the natural wind cargo aerosols in many regions contain crystalline components, especially quartz and serpentine, which are inhaled
  • the natural fine dust aerosols emitted from the desert and moraine belts, which occasionally penetrate to Central Europe, can be classified as harmful to health, e.g. due to their quartz content, those fine dust containing serpentine fibers that are blown from dry zones with natural serpentine deposits are considered to be harmful to health
  • the titanium, silicon, phosphorus and iron organic compounds for the production of the fuels and fuel additives for the production of the flue gases containing the vital elements and / or protective substances can be produced on an industrial scale at very favorable manufacturing costs.
  • titanium and iron are not deficient elements in the Earth's crust, they are among the most common elements.
  • the average content in the continental earth's crust is 42 g iron per kg earth crust and 5 g / kg titanium.
  • Table 1 Examples of substances as fuel or fuel additives with which flue gases can be generated by combustion, by means of which the tropospheric spatial elements can be enriched with vital elements and / or protective substances
  • P a P esters of phosphorous acid
  • P a P phosphorus, white
  • P a P magnesium phosphide
  • P a p calcium phosphide
  • P a P esters of phosphorous acid
  • P a P phosphorus, white
  • P magnesium phosphide P a
  • P a P magnesium phosphide
  • P a p calcium phosphide
  • P a P esters of phosphorous acid
  • P a P phosphorus, white
  • P a P magnesium phosphide
  • P a p calcium phosphide
  • P a P esters of phosphorous acid
  • P a P phosphorus, white
  • P a P magnesium phosphide
  • P a p calcium phosphide
  • P a P esters of phosphorous acid
  • P a P phosphorus, white
  • P a P magnesium phosphide
  • P a p calcium phosphi
  • Silica ester Si, N a tetramethylsilane, Si, N a silane compounds, Si, N a halosilane compounds, Si, N a silicon-magnesium alloy, Si, N a
  • Carboxylic acid-titanic acid condensates Ti, N a, d
  • Titanium acetytacetonates Ti, N a, d
  • Iron carbonyls Fe a, d, p, s
  • Iron acetylacetonate Fe a, d, p, s
  • Iron rhodanide Fe a, d, p, s
  • Iron-cerium-titanium alloy Fe, Ce, Ti a, d, p, s
  • Table 2 a) Examples of protective substances as direct additives or as an additive to the flue gases that are added to the emission of pollutant clouds due to accidents; b) Examples of flue gases used a) Protective substance added to flue gas direct and indirect properties of the protective substances b) Flue gas example in the pollutant cloud and its fall-out *
  • Titanium dioxide aerosol Ti Si, Zr N a, d, s

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Abstract

L'invention concerne des éléments de l'espace troposphérique enrichis d'éléments vitaux et/ou de substances protectrices, ainsi qu'un procédé de production associé et leur utilisation. Par éléments vitaux, on entend ici les substances favorisant le développement des éléments vivants de la biosphère, et par substances protectrices, des substances qui, directement ou indirectement, empêchent les effets nocifs sur la biosphère et en particulier sur les humains. Les éléments de l'espace troposphérique selon l'invention sont enrichis d'éléments vitaux et/ou de substances protectrices. Des éléments de l'espace troposphérique, tels que des nuages contenant des substances nocives susceptibles d'être dégagées lors de la dégradation d'installations, sont enrichis de substances protectrices qui empêchent l'absorption d'éléments radioactifs par l'organisme et minimisent l'extension des zones atteintes par ces nuages, ces substances développant en outre des fonctions de signalisation et de marquage. Les éléments de l'espace troposphérique ainsi enrichis peuvent avoir de nombreux effets positifs, dont les principaux sont : le refroidissement et la stabilisation du climat, l'augmentation de la production des denrées alimentaires, la production d'hydrate de méthane et de kérogène en tant que sources d'énergie renouvelables, la diminution des polluants atmosphériques, l'augmentation des précipitations, la réduction des dommages et du nombre de victimes, notamment lors d'accidents de réacteurs nucléaires.
EP02767058.7A 2001-07-31 2002-07-29 Elements de l'espace tropospherique enrichis d'elements vitaux et/ou de substances protectrices Expired - Lifetime EP1412054B1 (fr)

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DE10137178 2001-07-31
DE10137178 2001-07-31
DE10213317 2002-03-25
DE10213317 2002-03-25
DE10217932 2002-04-22
DE10217932A DE10217932A1 (de) 2001-07-31 2002-04-22 Brennstoffe und Brennstoffzusätze zur nachhaltigen Verbesserung der menschlichen Existenzgrundlagen
PCT/DE2002/002766 WO2003013698A2 (fr) 2001-07-31 2002-07-29 Elements de l'espace tropospherique enrichis d'elements vitaux et/ou de substances protectrices

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DE102009004281A1 (de) 2008-01-21 2009-07-23 Franz Dietrich Oeste Klimakühlende Feststoff- und Gasverbrennung
DE102009059005A1 (de) * 2009-01-02 2010-08-19 Franz Dietrich Meyer-Oeste Klimakühlung mit eisenhaltigen Salzgemisch-Aerosolen
DE102011108433A1 (de) 2011-07-26 2013-01-31 Franz Dietrich Meyer-Oeste Klimakühlung mittels dampfförmiger hydrophober Eisenverbindungen
CN103987664B (zh) 2011-12-06 2017-03-08 德尔塔阀门公司 龙头中的臭氧分配
DE102013007409A1 (de) 2012-08-31 2014-03-20 Franz Dietrich Meyer-Oeste Den aktivierten Abbau der Treibhausgase Methan und Ozon in der Troposphäre auslösende Oberflächen
WO2017112795A1 (fr) 2015-12-21 2017-06-29 Delta Faucet Company Système de distribution de fluide comprenant un dispositif désinfectant
DE102017010697A1 (de) 2017-08-06 2019-02-07 Franz Dietrich Oeste Verfahren zur Klimakühlung
CN112614605A (zh) * 2020-11-25 2021-04-06 中国辐射防护研究院 一种放射性甲基碘气体去除方法
DE102021117392A1 (de) 2021-07-06 2023-01-12 Atmospheric Methane Removal AG Verwendung einer schwimmenden oder über oder auf Wasser fixierbaren Plattform zum Sprühen von Eisensalz-Aerosolen
CA3233532A1 (fr) * 2021-10-01 2023-04-06 Franz Dietrich Oeste Aerosol photocatalytique
WO2025083039A1 (fr) 2023-10-16 2025-04-24 Franz Dietrich Oeste Production d'eau et blanchiment des nuages

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CN1617757A (zh) 2005-05-18
DE10297668D2 (de) 2005-04-21
US20050106061A1 (en) 2005-05-19
US7501103B2 (en) 2009-03-10

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