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EP1475589B1 - Method for cooling of plate-shaped cooling elements and/or cooled goods and apparatus therefor - Google Patents

Method for cooling of plate-shaped cooling elements and/or cooled goods and apparatus therefor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1475589B1
EP1475589B1 EP04006494A EP04006494A EP1475589B1 EP 1475589 B1 EP1475589 B1 EP 1475589B1 EP 04006494 A EP04006494 A EP 04006494A EP 04006494 A EP04006494 A EP 04006494A EP 1475589 B1 EP1475589 B1 EP 1475589B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cooling
goods
cooled
cooling elements
air
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP04006494A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1475589A3 (en
EP1475589A2 (en
Inventor
Ralf Ehlert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Welita GmbH
Original Assignee
Welita GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE20307235U external-priority patent/DE20307235U1/en
Priority claimed from DE20311769U external-priority patent/DE20311769U1/en
Application filed by Welita GmbH filed Critical Welita GmbH
Publication of EP1475589A2 publication Critical patent/EP1475589A2/en
Publication of EP1475589A3 publication Critical patent/EP1475589A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1475589B1 publication Critical patent/EP1475589B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D13/00Stationary devices, e.g. cold-rooms
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D17/00Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
    • F25D17/005Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces in cold rooms
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D17/00Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
    • F25D17/04Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection
    • F25D17/06Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection by forced circulation
    • F25D17/08Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection by forced circulation using ducts
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D25/00Charging, supporting, and discharging the articles to be cooled
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D3/00Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies
    • F25D3/02Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies using ice, e.g. ice-boxes
    • F25D3/04Stationary cabinets
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2303/00Details of devices using other cold materials; Details of devices using cold-storage bodies
    • F25D2303/08Devices using cold storage material, i.e. ice or other freezable liquid
    • F25D2303/082Devices using cold storage material, i.e. ice or other freezable liquid disposed in a cold storage element not forming part of a container for products to be cooled, e.g. ice pack or gel accumulator
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2317/00Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F25D2317/06Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation
    • F25D2317/066Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation characterised by the air supply
    • F25D2317/0664Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation characterised by the air supply from the side
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2323/00General constructional features not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F25D2323/06Details of walls not otherwise covered
    • F25D2323/061Collapsible walls
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2400/00General features of, or devices for refrigerators, cold rooms, ice-boxes, or for cooling or freezing apparatus not covered by any other subclass
    • F25D2400/20Carts specially adapted for transporting objects to be cooled
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2400/00General features of, or devices for refrigerators, cold rooms, ice-boxes, or for cooling or freezing apparatus not covered by any other subclass
    • F25D2400/28Quick cooling
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2400/00General features of, or devices for refrigerators, cold rooms, ice-boxes, or for cooling or freezing apparatus not covered by any other subclass
    • F25D2400/30Quick freezing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D3/00Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for cooling plate-shaped cooling elements and / or refrigerated goods.
  • the invention relates to a suitable cooling device for plate-shaped cooling elements and / or refrigerated goods carriers for carrying out the method.
  • Plate-shaped cooling elements so-called eutectic plates, are used in particular in insulated transport containers in order to keep the transported goods, in particular food, cool during transport. They are hermetically sealed bodies, filled with a large heat storage capacity and capable of extracting heat from the environment over a long period of time, warming themselves. After use, they are again cooled to a temperature below the desired transport room temperature and are then reusable, which offers significant economic benefits over dry ice transport refrigeration.
  • the preparatory cooling of the used cooling elements by storage takes place in a cold storage.
  • the cooling of a cooling element with average volume and heat capacity takes between 30 and 60 hours until the desired operating temperature is reached, depending on how much the used cooling element has warmed in use.
  • several sets of cooling elements are to be provided, of which only one can be used for transport, while the other block the isolated refrigerator.
  • the US 2003/0001468 shows a unilaterally open system for holding food-filled roll containers for cooling during transport.
  • Cold source is dry ice.
  • the US 4,021,213 and US 4,736,592 each reveal an all-sided closed system for cooling or deep-freezing food.
  • the cold source is integrated in the system.
  • the WO 00/54641 shows an on all sides closed system for keeping the temperature at the level of consumption of food.
  • the system allows heating and cooling in a common system. Cooling and heat source are integrated in the system.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a method with which the heat removal is to be accelerated, so that the desired operating temperature is reached faster.
  • this object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1 and an air-driven cooling device having the features of claim 5.
  • the invention is based on the finding that a mere incorporation of a cooling element in a colder environment is therefore less effective because a transmission of heat from the filling of the cooling element to the ambient air takes place predominantly only by heat conduction. Conversely, a heat transfer to the ambient air by convection hardly takes place, because in the cold store a veil of cold air with a correspondingly higher density hinders the rise of warm air quantities from the boundary layers of the cooling element surfaces.
  • the inventive method has the advantage that the time required for the cooling of the cooling elements is reduced to 6 to 9 hours, then the operating temperature is reached as a rule.
  • the inventive cooling device is used predominantly the cooling of plate-shaped cooling elements, which is not ruled out that refrigerated goods for rapid cooling is stored directly in the support frame.
  • suitable wire baskets can be used.
  • Suitable for palletized foods such as yogurt cups in particular also simple plates as refrigerated goods.
  • the support frame for the cooling elements is clad on four sides, leaving the front and back free, so that an air duct is formed, which promotes the formation of a directed forced flow in the air gaps between the cooling elements.
  • This embodiment achieves particularly good results, since dead spaces are avoided in addition to the support frames and is formed by the voltage applied directly to the support frames fairing of the air duct so that only the open cross sections between the inserted cooling elements are available as an open flow cross section.
  • a plurality of support frames can be positioned with their open sides in front of each other, so that they form a common long air duct.
  • cooling elements can be packaged bundled in a support frame and outsourced.
  • Perpendicular to the base frame a fan support frame is arranged.
  • a preferred embodiment provides that the base frame has a centering profile with at least one bevel arranged on one side next to the standing area. If there is a slight offset from the intended standing area on the base frame when placing the support frame, the support frame slides down the slope to the intended position. It is created, especially in the embodiment with the cladding panels mounted on the other side, a largely dense air duct in a simple manner automatically when placing the support frames.
  • a forced positioning can be effected not only longitudinally but also transversely, for which purpose further centering profiles are preferably arranged on a transverse stiffening support of the base frame.
  • the use of centering profiles with bevels offers the advantage that the support frames can be placed in a wide tolerance range, for example, with forklifts.
  • the tolerance width is seen up to the width of the slope in horizontal projection.
  • the support frames 20 are placed with their open sides together and positioned in front of the fans 12, which generate a horizontal air flow.
  • Fig. 2 shows the base frame 10 from above.
  • centering profiles 14 are preferably arranged on the base frame 10, which guide the feet 28 of the support frames 20 during placement, so that they are positioned in the longitudinal direction exactly on the intended standing area.
  • the centering must contain slopes that allow sliding of the feet 28 of the support frame 20.
  • one-piece centering profiles 14 are used, which in Fig. 4 are shown. These are made from a single sheet metal blank. Two against each other employed slopes 14.1, 14.3 are connected to each other over a mean profile distance at a fixed distance. The rising ends of the slopes 14.1, 14.3 are each supported by legs 14.2, 14.4.
  • Additional centering profiles 15 on a transverse stiffening support 16 of the base frame 10 ensure a correspondingly accurate positioning in the transverse direction.
  • the support frame 20 then has feet that are compatible with the centering profiles 14, 15 are arranged, so at the desired position on the base frame exactly in the recess between the centering 14, 15 are.
  • Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of the support frame 20. This is airtight on a standing surface 20.1, a top surface 20.4 and two side surfaces 20.2, 20.3 is covered, wherein at least the fans 12 facing the front and the back side parallel thereto are open.
  • the cover can be connected to the support frame connected cover plates 29.1, ..., 29.4 (see. Fig. 6 ), but she can also be provided on site in the cold store or in a high-bay, in which a supporting part 20 is inserted.
  • Receiving elements 22, in particular L-shaped profiled rails, are arranged in a grid pattern in order to be able to store cooling elements 30, but also baskets filled with goods to be cooled.
  • the preferred embodiment includes a removable central support 27, which is also provided with grid-shaped receiving elements 22.
  • middle support guides 24, 26 are arranged in pairs, in which the middle support 27 can be inserted.
  • the receiving elements 22 are arranged so that an air gap 31 forms between two resting thereon cooling elements 30 through which sweeps the air flow generated by the fan.
  • the sucked by the fan 12 colder ambient air displaced in the air gaps flowing from the used cooling elements 30 heat.
  • the air gaps are about 20 mm high when using conventional eutectic plates as cooling elements 30 in the support frame 20.
  • the room air temperature in the cold store or in the otherwise closed space in which the inventive cooling device 100 is located is between -21 ° C and -27 ° C, preferably -24 ° C.
  • Fig. 5 shows a perspective view of a possible construction of the fan support frame 11 with two fans 12 arranged therein.
  • the areas next to the fans 12 are sealed off by air baffles, so that a flow channel is formed.
  • Fig. 6 shows a filled with cooling elements 30 supporting frame 20 which is closed at its top and bottom with cover plates 29.3, 29.4 and on its sides with cover plates 29.1, 29.2, so that with the cover plates 29.1, ..., 29.4 a rectangular air flow channel is formed to keep the air flow within the stack of cooling elements 30.
  • This is particularly important in order to keep the losses due to flows to the outside so low that when a plurality of supporting frames 20, as shown in FIG Fig. 1 is shown, even in the farthest from the fans support frame still there is a sufficient flow rate.
  • the dimensionally accurate positioning described above via centering profiles 14 is likewise a measure for the formation of a largely dense uniform air channel which extends through all the supporting frames 20.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cold Air Circulating Systems And Constructional Details In Refrigerators (AREA)

Abstract

The rapid freezing machine air cooling duct is clad with eutectic plates (1) which are cooled by the air and allow all the interior to be used for chilled goods.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Abkühlen von plattenförmigen Kühlelementen und/oder von Kühlgut.The invention relates to a method for cooling plate-shaped cooling elements and / or refrigerated goods.

Weiterhin betrifft die Erfindung eine geeignete Kühlvorrichtung für plattenförmige Kühlelemente und/oder Kühlgutträger zur Durchführung des Verfahrens.Furthermore, the invention relates to a suitable cooling device for plate-shaped cooling elements and / or refrigerated goods carriers for carrying out the method.

Plattenförmige Kühlelemente, so genannte eutektische Platten, werden insbesondere in isolierte Transportbehälter eingesetzt, um das Transportgut, insbesondere Lebensmittel, während des Transports kühl zu halten. Es handelt sich um hermetisch abgeschlossene Körper, die mit einer Füllung mit einer grossen Wärmespeicherkapazität versehen sind und die so geeignet sind, der Umgebung über einen längeren Zeitraum Wärme zu entziehen, wobei sie sich selbst erwärmen. Nach Gebrauch werden sie wieder auf eine Temperatur unterhalb der gewünschten Transportraumtemperatur abgekühlt und sind dann wieder verwendbar, wodurch sich gegenüber einer Transportraumkühlung mit Trockeneis erhebliche wirtschaftliche Vorteile bieten.Plate-shaped cooling elements, so-called eutectic plates, are used in particular in insulated transport containers in order to keep the transported goods, in particular food, cool during transport. They are hermetically sealed bodies, filled with a large heat storage capacity and capable of extracting heat from the environment over a long period of time, warming themselves. After use, they are again cooled to a temperature below the desired transport room temperature and are then reusable, which offers significant economic benefits over dry ice transport refrigeration.

Üblicherweise erfolgt die vorbereitende Abkühlung der benutzten Kühlelemente durch Einlagerung in ein Kühlhaus. Es hat sich aber gezeigt, dass auf diese Weise die Abkühlung eines Kühlelements mit durchschnittlichem Volumen und Wärmekapazität zwischen 30 und 60 Stunden dauert, bis die gewünschte Einsatztemperatur erreicht ist, je nachdem, wie stark sich das benutzte Kühlelement bei der Verwendung erwärmt hat. Um tägliche Kühltransporte durchführen zu können, sind somit mehrere Sätze von Kühlelementen vorzuhalten, von denen nur einer für den Transport benutzt werden kann, während die anderen den isolierten Kühlraum blockieren.Usually, the preparatory cooling of the used cooling elements by storage takes place in a cold storage. However, it has been found that in this way the cooling of a cooling element with average volume and heat capacity takes between 30 and 60 hours until the desired operating temperature is reached, depending on how much the used cooling element has warmed in use. In order to carry out daily refrigerated transport, thus several sets of cooling elements are to be provided, of which only one can be used for transport, while the other block the isolated refrigerator.

In dem britischen Patent GB 943 675 wird ein allseitig geschlossenes System zur Aufnahme von mit Lebensmitteln bestückten Rollcontainern zwecks Kühlung für den Zeitraum zwischen Zusammenstellung und Auslieferung beschrieben. Die Kältequelle ist im System integriert.In the British patent GB 943,675 For example, a closed-system system is described for containing food-filled roll containers for cooling between the time of assembly and delivery. The cold source is integrated in the system.

Die US 2003/0001468 zeigt ein einseitig offenes System zur Aufnahme von mit Lebensmitteln bestückten Rollcontainern zwecks Kühlung während des Transports. Kältequelle ist Trockeneis.The US 2003/0001468 shows a unilaterally open system for holding food-filled roll containers for cooling during transport. Cold source is dry ice.

Die US 4 021 213 und US 4 736 592 offenbaren jeweils ein allseitig geschlossenes System zur Kühlung oder Tiefkühlung von Lebensmitteln. Die Kältequelle ist jeweils im System integriert.The US 4,021,213 and US 4,736,592 each reveal an all-sided closed system for cooling or deep-freezing food. The cold source is integrated in the system.

Die WO 00/54641 zeigt ein allseitig geschlossenes System zur Temperaturhaltung auf Verzehrniveau von Lebensmitteln. Das System ermöglicht die Erwärmung und Kühlung in einem gemeinsamen System. Kälte- und Wärmequelle sind im System integriert.The WO 00/54641 shows an on all sides closed system for keeping the temperature at the level of consumption of food. The system allows heating and cooling in a common system. Cooling and heat source are integrated in the system.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, ein Verfahren anzugeben, mit dem der Wärmeentzug zu beschleunigen ist, so dass die gewünschte Einsatztemperatur schneller erreicht wird.The object of the invention is therefore to provide a method with which the heat removal is to be accelerated, so that the desired operating temperature is reached faster.

Erfindungsgemäss wird diese Aufgabe durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 und eine luftbetriebene Kühlvorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 5 gelöst.According to the invention, this object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1 and an air-driven cooling device having the features of claim 5.

Der Erfindung liegt die Erkenntnis zu Grunde, dass eine blosse Einlagerung eines Kühlelements in eine kältere Umgebung deshalb wenig wirksam ist, weil eine Übertragung von Wärme aus der Füllung des Kühlelements an die Umgebungsluft überwiegend nur durch Wärmeleitung erfolgt. Eine Wärmeabgabe an die Umgebungsluft durch Konvektion findet hingegen kaum statt, weil im Kühlhaus ein Schleier kalter Luft mit entsprechend höherer Dichte das Aufsteigen warmer Luftmengen aus den Grenzschichten der Kühlelementoberflächen behindert.The invention is based on the finding that a mere incorporation of a cooling element in a colder environment is therefore less effective because a transmission of heat from the filling of the cooling element to the ambient air takes place predominantly only by heat conduction. Conversely, a heat transfer to the ambient air by convection hardly takes place, because in the cold store a veil of cold air with a correspondingly higher density hinders the rise of warm air quantities from the boundary layers of the cooling element surfaces.

Das erfindungsgemässe Verfahren hat den Vorteil, dass sich die für die Abkühlung der Kühlelemente benötigte Zeit auf 6 bis 9 Stunden verringert, dann ist die Einsatztemperatur im Regelfall erreicht.The inventive method has the advantage that the time required for the cooling of the cooling elements is reduced to 6 to 9 hours, then the operating temperature is reached as a rule.

Die erfindungsgemässe Kühlvorrichtung dient ganz überwiegend der Abkühlung von plattenförmigen Kühlelementen, wobei nicht ausgeschlossen ist, dass auch Kühlgut zur schnellen Abkühlung direkt in das Traggestell eingelagert wird. Hierzu können geeignete Drahtkörbe eingesetzt werden. Geeignet sind bei palettierten Lebensmitteln wie beispielsweise Joghurtbechern insbesondere auch einfache Platten als Kühlgutträger.The inventive cooling device is used predominantly the cooling of plate-shaped cooling elements, which is not ruled out that refrigerated goods for rapid cooling is stored directly in the support frame. For this purpose, suitable wire baskets can be used. Suitable for palletized foods such as yogurt cups in particular also simple plates as refrigerated goods.

Erfindungsgemäß ist das Traggestell für die Kühlelemente an vier Seiten verkleidet, wobei Vorder- und Rückseite frei bleiben, so dass ein Luftkanal ausgebildet ist, der die Ausbildung einer gerichteten Zwangsströmung in den Luftzwischenräumen zwischen den Kühlelementen fördert. Diese Ausführungsform erzielt besonders gute Ergebnisse, da Toträume neben den Traggestellen vermieden werden und durch die direkt an den Traggestellen anliegende Verkleidung der Luftkanal so ausgebildet ist, dass nur die offenen Querschnitte zwischen den eingeschobenen Kühlelementen als offener Strömungsquerschnitt zur Verfügung stehen.According to the invention, the support frame for the cooling elements is clad on four sides, leaving the front and back free, so that an air duct is formed, which promotes the formation of a directed forced flow in the air gaps between the cooling elements. This embodiment achieves particularly good results, since dead spaces are avoided in addition to the support frames and is formed by the voltage applied directly to the support frames fairing of the air duct so that only the open cross sections between the inserted cooling elements are available as an open flow cross section.

Entlang der Längsachse können mehrere Traggestelle mit ihren offenen Seiten voreinander positionierbar sein, so dass sie einen gemeinsamen langen Luftkanal ausbilden.Along the longitudinal axis, a plurality of support frames can be positioned with their open sides in front of each other, so that they form a common long air duct.

Vorteilhaft ist weiterhin, die Traggestelle abnehmbar von einem Grundrahmen auszubilden. Somit können Kühlelemente satzweise in einem Traggestell gebündelt ein- und ausgelagert werden. Senkrecht zum Grundrahmen ist ein Ventilatorhaltegestell angeordnet.It is also advantageous to form the support frames detachable from a base frame. Thus, cooling elements can be packaged bundled in a support frame and outsourced. Perpendicular to the base frame a fan support frame is arranged.

Um die abnehmbaren Traggestelle wieder einfach und präzise auf dem Rundrahmen positionieren zu können, sieht eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform vor, dass der Grundrahmen ein Zentrierprofil mit wenigstens einer an einer Seite neben dem Standbereich angeordneten Schräge aufweist. Besteht beim Aufsetzen des Traggestells ein leichter Versatz gegenüber dem vorgesehenen Standbereich auf dem Grundrahmen, so gleitet das Traggestell die Schräge hinab auf die vorgesehene Position. Es wird, gerade bei der Ausführungsform mit den umseitig angebrachten Verkleidungsblechen, ein weitgehend dichter Luftkanal auf einfache Weise automatisch beim Aufsetzen der Traggestelle geschaffen.In order to again easily and precisely position the removable support frames on the round frame, a preferred embodiment provides that the base frame has a centering profile with at least one bevel arranged on one side next to the standing area. If there is a slight offset from the intended standing area on the base frame when placing the support frame, the support frame slides down the slope to the intended position. It is created, especially in the embodiment with the cladding panels mounted on the other side, a largely dense air duct in a simple manner automatically when placing the support frames.

Um die Positionierung noch weiter zu verbessern, kann nicht nur längs, sondern auch quer eine Zwangspositionierung bewirkt werden, wozu vorzugsweise weitere Zentrierprofile auf einem Queraussteifungsträger des Grundrahmens angeordnet sind.In order to improve the positioning even further, a forced positioning can be effected not only longitudinally but also transversely, for which purpose further centering profiles are preferably arranged on a transverse stiffening support of the base frame.

Gegenüber anderen möglichen Positionierungshilfen wie Stiften, die in Bohrungen eingreifen, bietet die Verwendung von Zentrierprofilen mit Schrägen den Vorteil, dass die Traggestelle in einem weiten Toleranzbereich aufgesetzt werden können, beispielsweise auch mit Gabelstaplern. Die Toleranzbreite geht dabei bis zur Breite der Schräge in horizontaler Projektion gesehen.Compared to other possible positioning aids such as pins, which engage in holes, the use of centering profiles with bevels offers the advantage that the support frames can be placed in a wide tolerance range, for example, with forklifts. The tolerance width is seen up to the width of the slope in horizontal projection.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind den weiteren Unteransprüchen zu entnehmen und werden nachfolgend mit Bezug auf die Zeichnung näher erläutert. Die Figuren zeigen im Einzelnen:

Fig. 1
- eine erfindungsgemässe Kühlvorrichtung in seitlicher Ansicht;
Fig. 2
- ein Grundrahmen der Kühlvorrichtung in Ansicht von oben;
Fig. 3
- ein Traggestell für die Kühlvorrichtung in Ansicht von vorn;
Fig. 4
- ein Zentrierprofil für den Grundrahmen in Seitenansicht;
Fig. 5
- ein Ventilatorhaltegestell in perspektivischer Ansicht; und
Fig. 6
- ein Traggestell in perspektivischer Ansicht.
Further advantageous embodiments of the invention can be taken from the further subclaims and are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing. The figures show in detail:
Fig. 1
- A cooling device according to the invention in a lateral view;
Fig. 2
- A base frame of the cooling device in top view;
Fig. 3
- A support frame for the cooling device in front view;
Fig. 4
- A centering profile for the base frame in side view;
Fig. 5
- A fan holder frame in a perspective view; and
Fig. 6
- A support frame in perspective view.

Fig. 1 zeigt eine erfindungsgemässe Kühlvorrichtung 100, die im wesentlichen aus

  • □ einem Grundrahmen 10, auf dem ein oder mehrere Traggestelle 20 positionierbar sind und
  • □ einem Ventilatorhaltegestell 11, in dem ein oder mehrere Ventilatoren 12 angeordnet sind, besteht.
Fig. 1 shows a cooling device 100 according to the invention, which essentially consists of
  • □ a base frame 10, on which one or more support frames 20 are positioned and
  • □ a fan support frame 11 in which one or more fans 12 are arranged, there is.

Die Traggestelle 20 werden mit ihren offenen Seiten aneinander gestellt und vor den Ventilatoren 12 positioniert, die einen horizontalen Luftstrom erzeugen.The support frames 20 are placed with their open sides together and positioned in front of the fans 12, which generate a horizontal air flow.

Fig. 2 zeigt den Grundrahmen 10 von oben. Um die Positionierung der Traggestelle 20 auf dem Grundrahmen 10 zu erleichtern, sind vorzugsweise Zentrierprofile 14 auf dem Grundrahmen 10 angeordnet, die beim Aufsetzen die Füsse 28 der Traggestelle 20 führen, so dass diese in Längsrichtung exakt am vorgesehenen Standbereich positioniert werden. Fig. 2 shows the base frame 10 from above. In order to facilitate the positioning of the support frames 20 on the base frame 10, centering profiles 14 are preferably arranged on the base frame 10, which guide the feet 28 of the support frames 20 during placement, so that they are positioned in the longitudinal direction exactly on the intended standing area.

Die Zentrierprofile müssen Schrägen enthalten, die ein Abgleiten der Standfüsse 28 der Tragegestelle 20 ermöglichen. Vorzugsweise werden einteilige Zentrierprofile 14 eingesetzt, die in Fig. 4 dargestellt sind. Diese sind aus einem einzigen Blechzuschnitt hergestellt. Zwei gegeneinander angestellte Schrägen 14.1, 14.3 sind über einen mittleren Profilabstand in festem Abstand miteinander verbunden. Die aufragenden Enden der Schrägen 14.1, 14.3 sind jeweils über Standschenkel 14.2, 14.4 abgestützt.The centering must contain slopes that allow sliding of the feet 28 of the support frame 20. Preferably, one-piece centering profiles 14 are used, which in Fig. 4 are shown. These are made from a single sheet metal blank. Two against each other employed slopes 14.1, 14.3 are connected to each other over a mean profile distance at a fixed distance. The rising ends of the slopes 14.1, 14.3 are each supported by legs 14.2, 14.4.

Zusätzliche Zentrierprofile 15 auf einem Queraussteifungsträger 16 des Grundrahmens 10 sorgen für eine entsprechend genaue Positionierung in Querrichtung. Das Traggestell 20 weist dann Standfüsse auf, die kompatibel zu den Zentrierprofilen 14, 15 angeordnet sind, also an der gewünschten Position auf dem Grundrahmen exakt in der Vertiefung zwischen den Zentrierprofilen 14, 15 stehen.Additional centering profiles 15 on a transverse stiffening support 16 of the base frame 10 ensure a correspondingly accurate positioning in the transverse direction. The support frame 20 then has feet that are compatible with the centering profiles 14, 15 are arranged, so at the desired position on the base frame exactly in the recess between the centering 14, 15 are.

Fig. 3 zeigt eine Ausführungsform des Traggestells 20. Dieses ist an einer Standfläche 20.1, einer Deckfläche 20.4 und an zwei Seitenflächen 20.2, 20.3 luftdicht abgedeckt ist, wobei wenigstens die den Ventilatoren 12 zugewandte Vorderseite und die dazu parallele Rückseite offen sind. Die Abdeckung kann über mit dem Traggestell verbundene Abdeckplatten 29.1,...,29.4 (vgl. Fig. 6) erfolgen, sie kann aber auch bauseitig im Kühlhaus oder in einem Hochregal vorgesehen sein, in das ein Traggesteil 20 eingesetzt ist. Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of the support frame 20. This is airtight on a standing surface 20.1, a top surface 20.4 and two side surfaces 20.2, 20.3 is covered, wherein at least the fans 12 facing the front and the back side parallel thereto are open. The cover can be connected to the support frame connected cover plates 29.1, ..., 29.4 (see. Fig. 6 ), but she can also be provided on site in the cold store or in a high-bay, in which a supporting part 20 is inserted.

Aufnahmeelemente 22, insbesondere L-förmige Profilschienen, sind rasterförmig angeordnet, um Kühlelemente 30, aber auch mit Kühlgut gefüllte Körbe einlagern zu können.Receiving elements 22, in particular L-shaped profiled rails, are arranged in a grid pattern in order to be able to store cooling elements 30, but also baskets filled with goods to be cooled.

Um Kühlelemente verschiedener Breite einlagern zu können, enthält die bevorzugte Ausführungsform eine herausnehmbare Mittelstütze 27, die ebenfalls mit rasterförmig angeordneten Aufnahmeelementen 22 versehen ist. Am Boden und an der Decke des Traggestells 20 sind Mittelstützenführungen 24, 26 paarweise angeordnet, in die die Mittelstütze 27 eingeschoben werden kann.In order to store cooling elements of different width, the preferred embodiment includes a removable central support 27, which is also provided with grid-shaped receiving elements 22. At the bottom and on the ceiling of the support frame 20 middle support guides 24, 26 are arranged in pairs, in which the middle support 27 can be inserted.

Wie in Fig. 3 erkennbar, sind die Aufnahmeelemente 22 so angeordnet, dass sich zwischen zwei darauf aufliegenden Kühlelementen 30 ein Luftspalt 31 ausbildet, durch den die mit dem Ventilator erzeugte Luftströmung streicht. Die vom Ventilator 12 angesaugte kältere Umgebungsluft verdrängt in den Luftspalten die aus den gebrauchten Kühlelementen 30 strömende Wärme.As in Fig. 3 recognizable, the receiving elements 22 are arranged so that an air gap 31 forms between two resting thereon cooling elements 30 through which sweeps the air flow generated by the fan. The sucked by the fan 12 colder ambient air displaced in the air gaps flowing from the used cooling elements 30 heat.

Die Luftspalte sind bei Verwendung üblicher eutektischer Platten als Kühlelemente 30 im Traggestell 20 etwa 20 mm hoch. Die theoretische Strömungsgeschwindigkeit berechnet sich zu: v = V h b n

Figure imgb0001

wobei h die Höhe und b die Breite jedes Luftspalts angibt und n die Anzahl der angeströmten Luftspalte, gleichartige Luftspaltgeometrie aller Luftspalte vorausgesetzt.
Sie beträgt bei einem gegebenen Luftdurchsatz des Ventilators von 14.000 m3/h etwa 7 m/s.The air gaps are about 20 mm high when using conventional eutectic plates as cooling elements 30 in the support frame 20. The theoretical flow rate is calculated as: v = V H b n
Figure imgb0001

where h is the height and b is the width of each air gap, and n is the number of air gaps flowed in, assuming the same air gap geometry of all air gaps.
It is at a given air flow V̇ of the fan of 14,000 m 3 / h about 7 m / s.

Bedingt durch verschiedene Strömungswiderstände und leicht abweichende lokale Bedingungen, z. B. je nachdem, ob ein Luftspalt vor den Zentren der Ventilatoren oder deren Randbereichen liegt, ergibt sich eine gemessene Strömungsgeschwindigkeit von 4 bis 6 m/s.Due to different flow resistance and slightly different local conditions, eg. B. depending on whether an air gap in front of the centers of the fans or their edge regions, results in a measured flow rate of 4 to 6 m / s.

Die Raumlufttemperatur im Kühlhaus oder in dem sonst wie abgeschlossenen Raum, in dem sich die erfindungsgemässe Kühlvorrichtung 100 befindet, beträgt zwischen -21 °C und -27 °C, vorzugsweise -24 °C.The room air temperature in the cold store or in the otherwise closed space in which the inventive cooling device 100 is located, is between -21 ° C and -27 ° C, preferably -24 ° C.

Fig. 5 zeigt in perspektivischer Darstellung einen möglichen Aufbau des Ventilatorhaltegestells 11 mit zwei darin angeordneten Ventilatoren 12. Die Bereiche neben den Ventilatoren 12 sind durch Luftleitbleche abgeschottet, so dass ein Strömungskanal gebildet ist. Fig. 5 shows a perspective view of a possible construction of the fan support frame 11 with two fans 12 arranged therein. The areas next to the fans 12 are sealed off by air baffles, so that a flow channel is formed.

Fig. 6 zeigt ein mit Kühlelementen 30 gefülltes Traggestell 20, das an seiner Ober- und Unterseite mit Abdeckplatten 29.3, 29.4 und an seinen Seiten mit Abdeckplatten 29.1, 29.2 verschlossen ist, so dass mit den Abdeckplatten 29.1,...,29.4 ein rechteckiger Luftströmungskanal ausgebildet ist, um die Luftströmung innerhalb des Stapels von Kühlelementen 30 zu halten. Dies ist insbesondere wichtig, um die Verluste durch Strömungen nach aussen so gering zu halten, dass bei einer Aneinanderreihung mehrerer Traggestelle 20, wie sie in Fig. 1 dargestellt ist, auch in dem am weitesten von den Ventilatoren entfernt gelegenen Traggestell noch eine ausreichende Strömungsgeschwindigkeit herrscht. Die oben geschilderte massgenaue Positionierung über Zentrierprofile 14 ist ebenfalls eine Massnahme zur Ausbildung eines weitgehend dichten einheitlichen Luftkanals, der sich durch alle Traggestelle 20 erstreckt. Fig. 6 shows a filled with cooling elements 30 supporting frame 20 which is closed at its top and bottom with cover plates 29.3, 29.4 and on its sides with cover plates 29.1, 29.2, so that with the cover plates 29.1, ..., 29.4 a rectangular air flow channel is formed to keep the air flow within the stack of cooling elements 30. This is particularly important in order to keep the losses due to flows to the outside so low that when a plurality of supporting frames 20, as shown in FIG Fig. 1 is shown, even in the farthest from the fans support frame still there is a sufficient flow rate. The dimensionally accurate positioning described above via centering profiles 14 is likewise a measure for the formation of a largely dense uniform air channel which extends through all the supporting frames 20.

Claims (16)

  1. A method of cooling plate-shaped cooling elements (30) and/or goods to be cooled, comprising the following steps:
    arranging a plurality of cooling elements (30) and/or goods to be cooled in at least one carrier support (20) with a substantially horizontal orientation while maintaining air gaps (31) between the cooling elements and/or the goods to be cooled,
    storing the carrier support (20) with the cooling elements (30) and/or the goods to be cooled in a room, the room air temperature of which is less than or equal to a desired use temperature for the cooling elements (30) and/or the goods to be cooled; and
    producing a horizontally directed room air flow in the air gaps (31) by one or more fans (12), wherein the regions beside the fan or fans (12) are partitioned off by air guide plates and
    the carrier support (20) for the cooling elements (30) and/or the goods to be cooled are clad at four sides by cover plates (29.1, 29.2, 29.3, 29.4) bearing directly against the carrier support (20), wherein the front and rear sides remain free, so that an air passage is formed, by which the formation of the horizontally directed room air flow is promoted in the form of a directed positive flow in the air gaps (31) between the cooling elements (30) and/or the goods to be cooled in such a way that only the open cross-sections between the pushed-in cooling elements (30) and/or the goods to be cooled are available as an open flow cross-section.
  2. A method according to claim 1 characterised in that the volume flow of the air flow through the carrier support (20) is 10,000 m3/h to 18,000 m3/h.
  3. A method according to claim 1 or claim 2 characterised in that the height of the air gaps (31) is 15 to 30 mm and the speed of the air flow in the air gaps (31) is 4 to 6 m/s.
  4. A method according to one of claims 1 to 3 characterised in that the room air temperature is -21° to -27°C.
  5. A cooling apparatus (100) for plate-shaped cooling elements (30) and/or carriers of goods to be cooled comprising:
    at least one carrier support (20) in which a plurality of cooling elements (30) or carriers of goods to be cooled are to be arranged in a spaced relationship forming air gaps (31), and
    at least one fan (12) which is arranged in front of the narrow sides of the cooling elements (30) and/or carriers of goods to be cooled and which produces an air flow, directed parallel to the longitudinal axis, through the air gaps (31),
    characterised in that
    the regions beside the fan or fans (12) are partitioned off by air guide plates and cover plates (29.1, 29.2, 29.3, 29.4) bear against a base surface (20.1), a cover surface (20.4) and two side surfaces (20.2, 20.3) directly against the carrier support (20), wherein the front side which is towards the fan or fans (12) and the rear side parallel thereto are open so that an air passage is formed to promote the formation of the horizontally directed room air flow in the form of a directed positive flow in the air gaps (31) between the cooling elements (30) and/or the carriers of goods to be cooled in such a way that only the open cross-sections between the pushed-in cooling elements (30) and/or the carriers of goods to be cooled are available as an open flow cross-section.
  6. A cooling apparatus according tn claim 5 characterised in that the carrier support (20) is air-tightly covered with the claddings (29.1, 29.2, 29.3, 29.4) at a base surface (20.1), a cover surface (20.4) and at two side surfaces (20.2, 20.3), wherein at least the front side towards the fan (12) and the rear side parallel thereto are open.
  7. A cooling apparatus according to claim 6 characterised in that a plurality of carrier supports (20) can be positioned along the longitudinal axis with their open sides in front of each other.
  8. A cooling apparatus according to one of claims 5 to 7 characterised by a base frame (10) on which the at least one carrier support (20) can be removably positioned and which is adjoined perpendicularly thereto by a fan holder support (11).
  9. A cooling apparatus according to claim 8 characterised in that the base frame (10) has at least one centering profile (14; 15) with at least one inclined portion (14.1, 14.3; 15.1, 15.2) arranged at one side beside the base region.
  10. A cooling apparatus according to claim 9 characterised in that the inclined portions (14.1, 14.3) of the centering profiles (14) for centering purposes are oriented in the longitudinal direction of the base frame (10).
  11. A cooling apparatus according to claim 9 or claim 10 characterised in that the inclined portions (15.1, 15.3) of the centering profiles (15) for centering purposes are oriented in the transverse direction of the base frame (10).
  12. A cooling apparatus according to claim 11 characterised in that the centering profiles (15) are arranged on a transverse reinforcing bearer (16) of the base frame (10).
  13. A cooling apparatus according to one of claims 9 to 12 characterised in that the centering profiles (14) are in one piece and are provided on both sides with inclined portions (14.1, 14.3).
  14. A cooling apparatus according to one of claims 9 to 13 characterised in that the inclined portions (14.1, 14.3) are supported at a downwardly angled support limb (14.2, 14.4).
  15. A cooling apparatus according to one of claims 5 to 14 characterised in that the carrier support (20) is provided at its two side frames (21) with a plurality of horizontally oriented supporting elements (22) for cooling elements (30) and/or carriers (32) of goods to be cooled, wherein arranged in opposite relationship with the supporting elements (22) of the side frames (21) are respective further supporting elements on at least one central support (27) arranged in a central region of the carrier support (20).
  16. A cooling apparatus according to claim 15 characterised in that a plurality of pairs of central support guides (24, 26) in which the central support (27) can be positioned are arranged at a bottom frame (23) and a cover frame (25) of the carrier support (20).
EP04006494A 2003-05-08 2004-03-18 Method for cooling of plate-shaped cooling elements and/or cooled goods and apparatus therefor Expired - Lifetime EP1475589B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE20307235U DE20307235U1 (en) 2003-05-08 2003-05-08 Portable cooling cabinet for refrigerated food transportation has enclosed compact modular construction
DE20307235U 2003-05-08
DE20311769U 2003-07-29
DE20311769U DE20311769U1 (en) 2003-07-29 2003-07-29 Air duct cooling frame has four sides clad with eutectic thermal storage plates

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EP1475589A2 EP1475589A2 (en) 2004-11-10
EP1475589A3 EP1475589A3 (en) 2005-12-21
EP1475589B1 true EP1475589B1 (en) 2011-08-10

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