EP1461528A1 - Demareur electrique de vehicule automobile equipe d un lance ur a cannelures perfectionnees - Google Patents
Demareur electrique de vehicule automobile equipe d un lance ur a cannelures perfectionneesInfo
- Publication number
- EP1461528A1 EP1461528A1 EP02803834A EP02803834A EP1461528A1 EP 1461528 A1 EP1461528 A1 EP 1461528A1 EP 02803834 A EP02803834 A EP 02803834A EP 02803834 A EP02803834 A EP 02803834A EP 1461528 A1 EP1461528 A1 EP 1461528A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pinion
- hub
- tooth
- shaft
- launcher
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003042 antagnostic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
- F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
- F02N15/04—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears
- F02N15/06—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement
Definitions
- Electric starter of a motor vehicle equipped with a launcher with improved grooves Electric starter of a motor vehicle equipped with a launcher with improved grooves.
- the invention relates to an electric starter for a combustion engine of a motor vehicle, and comprising: an electric motor powered by an electromagnet contactor, and having a rotor coupled to an output shaft, a launcher equipped with a pinion for driving a crown gear of the flywheel of the combustion engine of the motor vehicle, said pinion being able to slide axially on the output shaft between a rest position in which it is disengaged from the crown, and an active working position in which it meshes with said crown, a transmission device arranged between the pinion and a drive hub, which is composed of two series of helical grooves of complementary shapes arranged respectively on the output shaft, and in an internal cylindrical sleeve of the hub, said transmission device comprising means for driving the pinion in rotation during the normal start-up phase , and to disengage the mechanical drive link when the speed of the pinion is higher than that of the hub, and a control mechanism associated with the contactor for translational movement of the launcher between the two rest and working positions defined by means stop.
- a motor vehicle starter comprises in a conventional manner and as described for example in document FR-A-2 673 247, a motor electric 10 rotary having a rotor coupled to an output shaft 12 equipped with a movable pinion 14 intended to cooperate with a toothed ring gear 16 for starting the combustion engine (not shown) of the motor vehicle.
- the pinion 14 is slidably mounted on the output shaft 12 between a rest position in which it is disengaged from the toothed ring 16, and an active working position in which it meshes with said ring 16, which is linked in rotation to the vehicle combustion engine crankshaft.
- the crown 16 belongs to a flywheel rigidly or resiliently linked in rotation to the crankshaft of the vehicle engine.
- the electric motor 10 comprises an output shaft which is coincident with the output shaft 12 or which is connected to the latter by means of a planetary gear reducer as visible in this figure 1. In all cases l 'output shaft 12 and the output shaft of the electric motor 10 have the same axial axis of symmetry.
- This electric motor comprises, in known manner, an inductor stator surrounding an induced rotor secured to the output shaft of the motor 10.
- the rotor comprises a package of grooved sheets for mounting windings connected to a collector not referenced in FIG. 1.
- the electric motor 10 of the starter is associated with a contactor 18 with an electromagnet 17 arranged here above the electric motor 10, and having a double function of supplying the electric motor 10 with current, and of moving the pinion 14 movable between both rest and work positions.
- the excitation of the electromagnet 17 of the contactor 18 is controlled by the actuation of the ignition key, which establishes the electrical circuit towards the battery, following the closing of the main power contact 19 of the contactor 18.
- This electromagnetic contactor 18 comprises a fixed core 46, an actuating coil, shown diagrammatically by crosses in FIG. 1, of a movable core 20 capable of acting on a contact mobile 19, said main contact, to move the latter in contact with terminals (not referenced in FIG. 1) and supply the electric motor.
- the cores 46 and 20 as well as the actuating coil belong to the electromagnet 17. More specifically, the contact 19 is carried by a rod (not referenced) slidably mounted in the fixed core 46, while the terminals are carried by a cover, one of the terminals being connected to the positive terminal of the battery and the other to the electric motor.
- the control mechanism is associated with the movable core and here comprises a control lever.
- the movable core 20 of the contactor 18 is mechanically connected by a control lever 22 to a launcher 24 comprising a hub 30 the pinion 14 and a freewheel transmission device 26.
- the control lever 22 in the form of a fork is pivotally mounted on an axis 28 carried by a rod elastically connected to the movable core 20 by means of a spring 48, and the free wheel 26 is interposed axially between the pinion 14 and the drive hub 30 actuated by the lever 22.
- the output shaft 12 and that of the electric motor 12 are rotatably mounted in a casing 32 by means of a bearing 34 and a bearing 36.
- the casing 32 has a front part carrying the bearing 36 AND intended to be fixed to a fixed part of the vehicle and a rear part in the form of a cylinder head attached to the front part using tie rods, one of which is visible in FIG. 1.
- the front part of the casing 32 carries the roulem ent 36 and has a clearance for the passage of the crown 16, while the rear part of the casing 32 carries the bearing 34 as well as the stator of the electric motor 10 and serves as a housing for the rotor of this electric motor 10.
- the pinion 14 of the starter 24 is guided in sliding on a smooth cylindrical section of the output shaft 12 by means of a bearing 38.
- the drive hub 30 is actuated in rotation by means of two series of helical grooves 40, 42 of complementary shapes, arranged respectively on the external periphery of the output shaft 12, and in the internal periphery of a socket. 31 internal cylindrical of the drive hub 30.
- the pinion 14 is thus secured to the drive hub 30 by the disengageable freewheeling transmission device 26, which makes it possible to drive the pinion 14 in a direction of rotation corresponding to that of the output shaft 12 during the normal phase. starting, and disengaging the mechanical rotation drive link when the speed of rotation of the pinion 14 is greater than that of the drive hub 30.
- the presence of the wheel transmission device free 26 prevents the pinion 14 in engagement with the crown 16, drives the rotor 44 of the electric motor 10 at an excessive speed liable to damage the latter. Such a situation can occur when the driver does not cut the power to the contactor 18 immediately after starting.
- the freewheel 26 illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 is of the roller type, but it is clear that any other disengageable unidirectional transmission device can be used, in particular a conical friction clutch, as described in documents FR-A-2 772 433 and FR-A-2 826 696 of the plaintiff.
- the helical shape of the grooves 40, 42 of the drive hub 30 has improved the introduction phase of the pinion 14, since the propeller creates a force whose axial component, combined with the thrust of the spring 48, pushes the pinion 14 in the crown 16. This results in a screwing effect of the launcher 24 until the pinion 14 comes into axial abutment against a stop 50 carried by the shaft 12 near the bearing 36. During this stroke of penetration of pinion 14, the contact pressure on the teeth is relatively low.
- the pinion 14 drives the crown 16 in rotation.
- the torque then increases rapidly, since the resistive torque of the combustion engine must be overcome.
- the contact pressure nevertheless remains acceptable since the length of engagement between pinion tooth 14 and crown tooth 16 is maximum.
- the combustion engine takes its idling speed, and drives the pinion 14 of the starter 24 at a very high speed.
- the freewheel 26 or the conical clutch is then biased in the opposite direction, and is released to protect the electric motor 10 from overspeed.
- the launcher 24 then tends to unscrew on the grooves 40 of the shaft 12, which generates an axial force tending to bring the launcher 24 towards a stop 52 located opposite the stop 50 and carried in the figure 1 by the epicycloidal tram reducer.
- This axial reaction force is added to the restoring forces of the movable core 20 of the electromagnet 17 after the supply of the contactor 18 is cut off.
- the pinion 14 quickly escapes from the crown 16 with a speed sufficient to avoid wear and damage to the ends of the teeth.
- the grooves 40, 42 of a conventional launcher have in developed, rectilinear sides having a constant inclination angle relative to the axis of the shaft 12 (see Figure 2).
- the stop 50 generally comprises an elastic ring 54 housed in an annular groove in the output shaft 12, and a circular ring 56 concentrically covering the ring 54. At the end of the working stroke, the pinion 14 abuts against the front face of the ring 56.
- the invention aims to overcome these drawbacks, and to provide a starter facilitating the penetration of the starter pinion into the crown, and reducing the mechanical stresses during operation.
- this object is achieved by the fact that the helical grooves of the drive hub have a variable contact angle as a function of the axial position of the launcher between the rest position and the working position, said contact angle being determined by the inclination of the tangent to the point of engagement of a hub tooth with one of the flanks of two consecutive shaft teeth.
- the contact angle is advantageously greater on the side of the rest position than of the working position.
- the contact angle is preferably between 15 ° and 30 ° at the time of penetration of the pinion and at the time of its exit from the crown.
- the contact angle is between 0 ° and 20 ° when the pinion abuts against the stop in the working position, and during the combustion engine drive.
- the device can advantageously be completed by one or more of the following characteristics: the contact angle can be variable continuously or discontinuously; for a predetermined axial position of the launcher, the contact angle is different depending on whether the hub tooth cooperates with the side of a tree tooth, or with the opposite side of the adjacent tree tooth;
- Each hub tooth is shaped to define an operating clearance between the corresponding sides of the shaft teeth, said clearance is minimum when the launcher is in the working position; the sides of the shaft teeth and the hub teeth have conjugate shapes, in particular rectilinear or curvilinear segments, to increase the contact surface in engagement; - Each hub tooth has a rounded and elongated profile in the direction of movement in the shaft groove; each hub tooth has a prismatic shape cooperating with inclined straight line segments belonging to the sides of the shaft teeth.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a starter known from the prior art.
- FIG. 2 shows a view of the launcher equipping the starter of Figure 1.
- FIGS. 3 to 7 are schematic developed views of a first embodiment of a launcher according to the invention, the shaft splines and the launcher being in different positions during the engagement and exhaust phases of the pinion.
- Figures 8 to 12 show views similar to those of Figures 3-7 of an alternative embodiment of the grooves.
- the present invention is based on helical grooves 40, 42 having a variable helix angle in function of the axial position of the launcher 24 along the output shaft shown at 12 in Figure 1.
- Figure 3 corresponding to the rest position of the launcher 24, the geometric axis of the output shaft 12 of the starter is shown in XX '.
- Two of the shaft teeth 40a, 40b respectively have curved flanks AB, CD delimiting a shaft groove 40, which has a variable inclination relative to the axis XX ', in contrast to the rectilinear flanks with constant inclination angle used in starters of the prior art.
- the tooth 42a of a groove 42 of the driving hub 30 is shown diagrammatically by a rounded profile and generally elongated in a direction substantially similar to that of the shaft groove 40.
- the profile is here generally oval
- a plurality of teeth 40a, 40b, 42a are distributed at regular intervals around the periphery of the shaft 12 to reduce the contact stresses during the operation of the starter.
- the axial position of the center of the tooth 42a of the hub 30 is represented by X 0 on the axis x parallel to the axis XX 'of the shaft 12. This position X 0 corresponds to the axial rest position of the launcher, in which tooth 42a is in contact at K1 with the leading flank AB.
- the tangent in Kl makes an angle al with the axis XX '.
- the pinion 14 abuts against the crown 16, and the launcher 24 is at this time in the axial position Xi.
- the distance XoXi represents the interval between the crown 16 and the launcher 24 at rest.
- the electric motor 10 begins to rotate (see arrow R illustrating the rotation of the shaft 12), which keeps the tooth 42a against the flank leading AB to point K2.
- the tangent to the point K2 makes an angle a2 with the axis XX ', favorable to the penetration of the pinion 14 in the crown 16.
- the value of the angle a2 is preferably chosen between 15 ° and 30 °.
- the pinion 14 abuts against the stop 50, and the starter 24 is at this instant in the axial end position Xo.
- the distance X 0 X2 represents the total axial travel of the pinion 14 between the rest position and the working position.
- the tooth 42a of the driving hub 30 is always in contact with the flank leading AB at point K3.
- the tangent to the point K3 makes an angle a3 with the axis of the shaft 12.
- the value of the angle a3 is less than the angle a2, so as to reduce the contact pressure against the stop 50.
- the value the angle a3 will preferably be chosen between 0 ° and 20 °.
- the arrival speed of the pinion 14 against the stop 50 is thus reduced due to the decrease in the angle of inclination from a2 to a3.
- the impact and the noise resulting therefrom are thus reduced, which reduces the stresses and the wear of the stop.
- the launcher 24 is in freewheeling mode, since the pinion 14 rotates faster than the shaft
- the value of the angle a4 is preferably chosen between 0 ° and 20 °, that is to say of the same order of magnitude as that of the angle a3. This results in a reduction of the unscrewing forces on the grooves 40, 42, which are the source of back-and-forth movements against the stop 50 following the compression and decompression phases during the drive of the thermal motor. Such a4 value also reduces noise and wear.
- the groove angle is quite high (of the order of 15 ° to 30 °), while during the stop against the stop 50 at the end of engagement in the crown 16, and during the drive of the heat engine, the groove angle is significantly smaller (of the order of 0 ° to 20 °).
- the variation in inclination of the groove angle between the rest position and the working position is progressive and continuous.
- the clearance j between tooth 42a and flank AB can be variable depending on the position of the launcher and the selected launcher and tree profiles. This play is preferably greater than 0.05 mm to ensure good sliding without risk of jamming. Too much play will be avoided, especially in the working position to limit backlash shock during the drive phase of the engine.
- the tooth 142a of the driving hub 30 has a prismatic shape MNPQRS, obtained by molding, extrusion, or cold stamping.
- Each flank of the shaft teeth 140a, 140b is composed of two segments of inclined lines AA1, A1B; CCI, C1D.
- the segment AA1 makes an angle al with the axis of the shaft 12, preferably between 15 ° and 30 °.
- the segment A1B makes an angle a3 with the axis of the shaft 12, preferably between 0 ° and 20 °.
- the segment DC1 makes an angle a4 with the axis of the shaft 12, preferably between 0 ° and 20 °.
- the CCI segment makes an angle a5 with the axis of the shaft 12, preferably between 15 ° and 30 °.
- the choice of the value of the angles corresponds to that described previously in Figures 3 to 7.
- FIG. 8 corresponds to the rest position, where the edge NM of the tooth 142a of the driving hub 30 is in contact with the segment AA1 of the shaft tooth 140a.
- FIG. 9 corresponds to the contact of the pinion 14 against the crown 16. The contact tilt angle between launcher 24 and shaft 12 remains equal to al until the point N arrives at the intermediate point Al.
- the contact tilt angle takes the value a3 until the arrival of the pinion 14 against the stop 50.
- the edge PN of the tooth 142a of the driving hub 30 is in contact with the segment BAI of the tree tooth 140a.
- FIG. 11 corresponds to the stop position against the stop 50.
- the edge RS of the tooth 142a of the driving hub 30 is in contact with the segment DC1 of the shaft tooth 140b.
- Figure 12 corresponds to the freewheeling phase for the return of the launcher to the rest position.
- the contact tilt angle changes from a4 to a5 when the point R has exceeded the point Cl. This results in a maximum contact surface, in particular in the working position and when the play is taken up during motor drive. thermal.
- the starter can have a different structure.
- the spring 48 of FIG. 1 can intervene between the fork and the transmission device 26.
- this spring can intervene between the stop 50 and the pinion 14 as visible for example in document US A 2,960,879.
- pinion 14 can extend outside the casing 32 as described in document FR A 2 745 855. In this case, the stop is outside the casing.
- the alternative electromagnetic contactor is mounted in the axial extension of the electric motor as shown in FIG. 6 of document FR 02 08306 filed on 07/03/2002.
- the contactor is coaxial with the pinion and the coil of the electromagnet surrounds the starter, being carried by the front part of the casing.
- the launcher plays the role of the mobile core so that the presence of the control lever is not compulsory.
- the mechanism for controlling the translational movement of the launcher therefore does not necessarily include a lever.
- This mechanism alternatively comprises an actuator as described in document FR A 2 710 696.
- the output shaft is coincident with the output shaft of the electric motor and the contactor is coaxial with the actuator by being mounted at the front of the motor 10.
- the variant contactor extends at the rear of the electric motor perpendicular thereto as described in document FR 02 08356 filed on 07/03/2002.
- a return mechanism must be provided between the fork-shaped control lever and the movable core of the contactor.
- This mechanism has a rod extending parallel to and above the electric motor. This rod intervenes between the control fork and a return lever on which the moving core acts.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
- Insulation, Fastening Of Motor, Generator Windings (AREA)
- Gears, Cams (AREA)
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0115556A FR2833043B1 (fr) | 2001-11-30 | 2001-11-30 | Demarreur electrique de vehicule automobile equipe d'un lanceur a cannelures perfectionnees |
| FR0115556 | 2001-11-30 | ||
| PCT/FR2002/004061 WO2003046371A1 (fr) | 2001-11-30 | 2002-11-27 | Demareur electrique de vehicule automobile equipe d'un lanceur a cannelures perfectionnees |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1461528A1 true EP1461528A1 (fr) | 2004-09-29 |
| EP1461528B1 EP1461528B1 (fr) | 2008-03-12 |
Family
ID=8870010
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP02803834A Expired - Lifetime EP1461528B1 (fr) | 2001-11-30 | 2002-11-27 | Demareur electrique de vehicule automobile equipe d un lance ur a cannelures perfectionnees |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1461528B1 (fr) |
| AT (1) | ATE389108T1 (fr) |
| BR (1) | BR0206597A (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE60225594T2 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2833043B1 (fr) |
| PL (1) | PL201139B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2003046371A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2920837B1 (fr) * | 2007-09-10 | 2013-08-02 | Valeo Equip Electr Moteur | Machine electrique tournante, notamment un demarreur |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2960879A (en) * | 1956-10-13 | 1960-11-22 | Lafitte Theodore | Positively operated starting device for starting motors |
| US4479394A (en) * | 1981-06-18 | 1984-10-30 | Eaton Stamping Company | Electric starter with confined cushion |
| JPH0633750B2 (ja) * | 1987-08-26 | 1994-05-02 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 減速機構付スタ−タ |
| DE3813496A1 (de) * | 1988-04-22 | 1989-11-02 | Pierburg Gmbh | Starter fuer den startvorgang einer brennkraftmaschine |
| FR2673247B1 (fr) * | 1991-02-22 | 1996-03-01 | Valeo Equip Electr Moteur | Demarreur de moteur a combustion interne, plus particulierement, demarreur de moteur de vehicule automobile. |
-
2001
- 2001-11-30 FR FR0115556A patent/FR2833043B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2002
- 2002-11-27 BR BR0206597-5A patent/BR0206597A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-11-27 WO PCT/FR2002/004061 patent/WO2003046371A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2002-11-27 AT AT02803834T patent/ATE389108T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-11-27 PL PL368822A patent/PL201139B1/pl unknown
- 2002-11-27 DE DE60225594T patent/DE60225594T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-11-27 EP EP02803834A patent/EP1461528B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO03046371A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE60225594T2 (de) | 2009-03-26 |
| PL201139B1 (pl) | 2009-03-31 |
| WO2003046371A1 (fr) | 2003-06-05 |
| DE60225594D1 (de) | 2008-04-24 |
| EP1461528B1 (fr) | 2008-03-12 |
| BR0206597A (pt) | 2004-02-25 |
| FR2833043B1 (fr) | 2004-01-23 |
| PL368822A1 (en) | 2005-04-04 |
| FR2833043A1 (fr) | 2003-06-06 |
| ATE389108T1 (de) | 2008-03-15 |
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