EP1338724B1 - Method for erecting a structure having an annular concrete wall - Google Patents

Abstract

A reinforcing unit (8) is secured to the outer side of an inner falsework (5) when one of the inner false works is lifted from a mounting site.

Description

The invention relates to a method for constructing a structure with a circumferentially closed concrete wall having a constant cross-section over its height, the circumferentially closed concrete wall is constructed in a plurality of concreting steps, in each of which a circumferentially closed portion of the concrete wall adjacent to the upper end of already completed concrete part of the concrete wall is provided and at least one generally circumferentially closed inner formwork unit is provided, which is used in more than one concreting step.

A "constant cross section" here means that the cross-sectional area of the concrete wall remains unchanged over the height of the building in shape and in size. A "structure" is also understood as part of a complete structure. Such structures are, for example, round buildings, staircases, fireplaces, etc.

In connection with the construction of round buildings climbing formwork are known in which two circumferentially closed formwork rings are suspended on a support frame. The formwork rings limited by the formwork cavity is filled with concrete, after hardening or setting of the concrete, the formwork rings are released and raised on the support frame so far that its lower part is still in the region of the upper edge of the cast wall ring. Then the rings are tightened again and fixed, poured concrete again and the mentioned interplay is repeated until the desired height is reached. In this way, a wall ring is set to the other in such cylindrical buildings.

Another type of climbing formwork is for example in the U.S. Patent 1,478,653 shown and described. The essence of such climbing formwork is that here the masonry penetrating formwork anchors are to be provided, and with which the formwork elements are clamped in their entirety, which used in a concreting each concreted above anchor as a foot anchor for the formwork in the next concreting step become.

In each concreting step, a new anchor is installed. The formwork is then raised when the previous concreted wall section has set, as it has to carry over the formwork anchors the entire weight of the formwork. The formwork itself consists of the actual formwork panels and the scaffolding stiffening the formwork panels.

Conventionally, the following procedure is carried out in the climbing construction: First, the intended for the next concreting inner formwork is attached to the finished part of the concrete wall in the intended height and aligned. Subsequently, components for the concrete wall are fastened to the internal formwork at the relevant points. Such built-in parts are, for example, anchors or mounting housing for sockets to be mounted in the wall. If in the building wall recesses, for example, for windows or doors to be kept free, appropriate formwork parts are further secured to the recess of such openings on the attached to the finished part of the building wall inner formwork. In the further sequence, the reinforcement is mounted for the next section of the building wall to be created, it being possible to connect parts of the reinforcement to the inner formwork unit in order to hold the reinforcement. Occasionally, the armor was already assembled at a mounting place on the ground to a finished circumferentially closed Armierungskorb and raised in the sequence with a hoist and slipped over the attached to the building wall inner formwork unit on the masonry crown. However, this is only possible if no formwork parts for eliminating openings are attached to the inner formwork unit, which would otherwise hinder the tightening of the Armierungskorbes on the inner formwork unit. In the further sequence, the outer formwork is attached and braced with the inner formwork unit and for producing a circumferentially closed portion of the concrete wall concrete is poured into the space between the inner formwork unit and the outer formwork. A method according to the preamble of claim 1 is in US 5 088 578 A described.

The object of the invention is to provide an improved method of the type mentioned, by which such a structure can be built in a particularly efficient and cost-effective manner. According to the invention, this is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1.

Thus, in the method according to the invention, at least two inner formwork units of the same cross section are used in their entirety (that is to say in the assembled state). "Same cross-section" means that the cross-sectional areas of the shuttering skins of the inner formwork units, i. the areas surrounded by the circumferentially closed contours of the Schalhäute in cross-section, their shape and size are the same. In the method according to the invention, the inner formwork unit used in a concreting step is preassembled on an assembly site, which may conveniently be located on the ground, wherein a reinforcement is further attached to the outside of the inner formwork unit. This assembly work can already be done while the building still work a previous concreting step are performed or hardens while the concrete of the previous concreting step. As a result, the preassembled inner formwork unit is raised together with the reinforcement applied thereto and deposited on the climbing strip remaining from the previous concreting step on the building wall. By settling on this climbing strip also an alignment of the inner formwork unit is made possible, so that further alignment steps can advantageously be omitted and the inner formwork unit and attached to her reinforcement are already in the intended position immediately after weaning.

By the method according to the invention, the required overall construction time of a circumferentially closed building can be shortened. At least two inner formwork units with the same cross section, each used in several concreting steps, are to be provided, at least one of which can be prepared at the assembly site for the next concreting step, while the other inner formwork unit can be attached to the building for concreting work. To further reduce the construction time, it may be possible to provide three or more such internal formwork units of the same cross-section. While an internal formwork unit is used for concreting work on the building, then two or more internal formwork units can be prepared for the next concreting steps at the respective assembly site.

It is advantageous if any required formwork parts for recessing openings in the concrete wall to be created are already mounted on the inner formwork unit at the assembly location. The same applies to needed Built-in parts of the concrete wall, which can be advantageously mounted on the assembly site on the reinforcement and / or on the inner formwork unit.

Fig. 1 bis 3

schematische vertikale Längsschnitte durch ein mittels eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren erstellten Bauwerks in verschiedenen Bauphasen;

Fig. 4

eine schematische Draufsicht auf das Bauwerk in der Bauphase gemäß Fig. 3 (ohne die aus der Mauerkrone hervorragenden Armierungsstäbe);

Fig. 5

eine schematische perspektivische Darstellung der abgenommenen mittleren Segmente der Innenschalungseinheit und

Fig. 6

eine schematische perspektivische Darstellung einer Innenschalungseinheit mit Schalungsteilen zur Aussparung von Öffnungen in der Betonwand.

Further advantages and details of the invention are explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In this show:
the

Fig. 1 to 3

schematic vertical longitudinal sections through a structure created by a method according to the invention in different stages of construction;

Fig. 4

a schematic plan view of the building in the construction phase according to Fig. 3 (without the reinforcing rods protruding from the top of the wall);

Fig. 5

a schematic perspective view of the removed middle segments of the inner formwork unit and

Fig. 6

a schematic perspective view of an inner formwork unit with shuttering parts for the recess of openings in the concrete wall.

The figures have different scales.

At the in Fig. 1 shown construction phase is to be built circumferentially closed structure partially completed. In previous concreting steps, several circumferentially closed sections 1 of the concrete wall have already been produced, between each of which a concreting 21 is visible. At the last completed section 1, the outer formwork 2 is still attached to the outside of the concrete wall. To attach the outer formwork 2 to the concrete wall anchors 3 are in the known manner anchored in the concrete wall along its circumference at several points, which can be constructed in a conventional manner. These anchors 3 may have accessible from the outside and inside of the concrete wall internal thread into which bolts are screwed.

With a hoist 4, a prepared inner formwork unit 5 is raised to above the upper end of the finished part of the structure. The inner formwork unit 5 comprises a main part 6 and arranged at the upper end of the main part 6 and connected to this example by means of a screw climbing strip 7. The main part 6 and the climbing strip 7 are formed in the assembled state circumferentially closed and their outer sides together form the formwork skin 11. An the outer side of the inner formwork unit is arranged a reinforcement 8 and is supported by the inner formwork unit 5. This reinforcement 8 for the next to be built circumferentially closed Section of the concrete wall was already mounted before lifting the inner formwork unit 5 at a mounting station and connected to the inner formwork unit 5. On the reinforcement 8 mounting parts of the concrete wall were further attached, which may include, for example, anchor 3 or other parts to be provided in the concrete wall. Furthermore, at the inner formwork unit in Fig. 1 not shown formwork parts for recessing openings in the section to be created concrete wall.

From the previous concreting step, the climbing strip 7 of the inner formwork unit 5 used in this preceding concreting step is fastened to the inside of the concrete wall, namely by means of cast-in anchors 3 and screwed into this, protruding through openings in the climbing strip 7 bolts. By contrast, the main part 6 of the inner formwork unit 5 used in the preceding concreting step has already been removed from the concrete wall. On the fixed in the previous concreting on the concrete wall climbing strip 7 now raised by means of the hoist 4 inner formwork unit 5 is discontinued. For centering and alignment of the inner formwork unit 5 on the fixed to the concrete wall climbing bar 7 cones 9 are provided on the top of the climbing bar 7, which are insertable in recesses 10 on the underside of the main part 6, wherein the shape of the recesses 10 to that of the cones. 9 is designed accordingly. The remote on the climbing strip 7 inner formwork unit 5 is thereby already aligned exactly, so that further alignment and leveling work for the inner formwork unit 5 can normally be omitted.

Instead of the cones 9, other means for centering the attached to the concrete wall climbing strip 7 may be provided, for example, from the climbing strip 7 inwardly and upwardly projecting guide plates, the inlet slopes for the main part 6 of the mounted on the climbing strip 7 inner formwork unit 5. As shown in the figures, the width of the climbing strip 7 can be less than that of the main part 6 or even the same size (theoretically this can also be greater). The main part 6 may be formed in the usual way in the form of a frame formwork. The climbing strip 7 can for example be formed by a U-profile, the open side is directed inwards.

The inner formwork unit 5, which is mounted on the fixed to the concrete wall climbing bar 7 and preferably screwed with this is in Fig. 2 shown.

The reinforcement 8 attached to the inner formwork unit 5 is already in the correct position. Furthermore, at the in Fig. 2 shown construction phase already raised the outer formwork 2. The outer formwork 2 can in this case consist of a main part 11 and at the upper and at the lower end of the main part 11 of this attachable climbing strips 12. Starting from Fig. 1 the main part 11 is removed together with the fixed to the lower end of the main part 11 climbing bar 12 from the concrete wall. The fixed at the lower end of the main part 11 climbing bar 12 is removed from this and attached to the upper end of the main part 11. As a result, the main part 11 is attached to the attached to the upper wall climbing bar 12 on the concrete wall remaining climbing strip 12 and connected to this (by glands) and further the outer formwork 2 is bound to the inner formwork unit 5 in a conventional manner, as through the Lines 13 in Fig. 2 is indicated.

As a next step, the space between inner formwork and outer formwork 2 is poured with concrete, up to the upper edge of the climbing strips 7, 12. This construction phase is in Fig. 3 shown. During the concreting and hardening of the concrete, the inner formwork unit 5 required for the next following concreting step can already be prepared at a mounting place 14, which is preferably located on the ground. Again, in this case, the reinforcement 8 is already attached to the outside of the inner formwork unit 5, as well as possibly to be provided built-in parts in the concrete wall. Depending on the time required for the installation of an inner formwork unit 5 with reinforcement 8, assembly work on more than one such inner formwork unit 5 can be carried out in parallel, so that immediately after the curing time of the concrete of a section of the building wall to create a ready-assembled inner formwork unit with reinforcement 8 for the next Section is ready.

To remove an inner formwork unit 5 from the building wall after concreting a section, this preferably consists of a plurality of circumferentially secured by screw connections peripheral segments, for example in the off Fig. 4 apparent form. There are four corner segments 15 and four interconnected via spreader bars 16 middle segments 17 are provided here.

To decrease the inner formwork unit, the interconnected middle segments 17 are fastened via fastening eyes 18 (cf. Fig. 1 ) Attached to a hoist and the fittings between the middle segments 17 and the corner segments 15 are released. The spreader bars 16 have parts which can be screwed into one another, for example a central part with counter-rotating internal threads at its ends, into which the side parts are screwed in via external threads. These threads are in Fig. 4 indicated only schematically (reference numeral 19). By rotating the middle parts of the Spreizstangen 16, the middle segments 17 are moved together. Beforehand, the connections between the middle segments 17 and the corresponding segments of the equally divided climbing strip 7, which is fixed at the upper end of the main part 6, are still released. The attached to the lower ends of the middle segments 17 segments of the lower climbing rail, however, remain connected to the central segments, as is made Fig. 5 is apparent. The merged middle segments 17 with the fixed to the lower ends of the segments 7 climbing frame are lifted out of the finished part of the structure in the sequence. As a result, the corner segments 15 and associated with these corresponding segments of the lower climbing strip 7 can be removed from the concrete wall. It's back in Fig. 1 achieved state shown.

To remove the inner formwork unit, this could also be divided in other ways in the circumferential direction.

In Fig. 6 Furthermore, a main part 6 of an inner formwork unit 5 is shown, are attached to the schematically illustrated formwork members 20 for recessing openings in the section of the concrete wall to be created with this inner formwork unit.

Instead of the square outline shown, the building to be created could also have another circumferentially closed plan, for example a rectangular, polygonal or circular plan.

The outer formwork 2 could also be formed in a manner other than that shown, for example in one piece (without at the top and at the bottom a main part fastened climbing strips). Also, the height of the outer formwork could be different from that of the inner formwork.

Legend to the reference numbers:

1

section

2

external formwork

3

anchor

4

hoist

5

Internal formwork unit

6

Bulk

7

climbing bar

8th

reinforcement

9

cone

10

deepening

11

Bulk

12

climbing bar

13

line

14

assembly area

15

corner segment

16

spreader

17

middle segment

18

securing eye

19

thread

20

form member

21

construction joint

22

scarf skin

Claims (6)

1. A method for erecting a structure with a circumferentially closed concrete wall which has a constant cross-section over its height, the circumferentially closed concrete wall being erected in a plurality of concreting stages, in which each time a circumferentially closed section (1) of the concrete wall is concreted adjoining the upper end of the already-finished part of the concrete wall and at least one internal formwork unit (5) which is overall circumferentially closed is provided which is used in more than one concreting step, characterised in that at least two internal formwork units (5) which are overall circumferentially closed and which have the same cross-section of formwork lining are used, each of which have an overall circumferentially closed main part (11) and an overall circumferentially closed climbing bar (12) which forms part of the formwork lining and is fastened to the upper end of the main part (11) and is removable therefrom, and that when carrying out at least one concreting step the internal formwork unit (5) which is used for this concreting step and is lifted from an assembly site (14) is lowered on to the climbing bar (7), fastened in the previous concreting step to the concrete wall, of the internal formwork unit (5) used in this previous concreting step, wherein before lifting the internal formwork unit (5) from the assembly site (14) a reinforcement (8) intended for this concreting step is attached to the outside of the internal formwork unit (5).
2. A method according to Claim 1, characterised in that prior to lifting the internal formwork unit (5) from the assembly site (14) formwork parts (20) for forming openings in the concrete wall which is to be produced are attached to the internal formwork unit (5).
3. A method according to Claim 1 or Claim 2, characterised in that before lifting the internal formwork unit (5) from the assembly site (14) built-in parts of the concrete wall, such as ties, are attached to the reinforcement (8) and/or to the internal formwork unit (5).
4. A method according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that centring means, preferably cones (9) or guiding plates, for centring the internal formwork unit (5) lowered on to the climbing bar (7) are arranged on the upper side of the climbing bar (7).
5. A method according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the internal form work unit (5) lowered on to the climbing bar (7) fastened to the concrete wall can be fastened thereto, preferably by means of a screw connection.
6. A method according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the main part (11) of the internal formwork unit (5) and the climbing bar (7) of the internal formwork unit are subdivided into a plurality of segments (15, 17) in the peripheral direction, the main part (11) and the climbing bar (12) preferably being subdivided in the same manner.

Images