EP1335797B1 - Device for the separation of non-magnetisable metals and ferrous components from a solid mixture and method for operating said device - Google Patents

Abstract

In an arrangement which including a motor-driven system for the separation of non-magnetisable metals, vibrations and resonances which generally are present in such arrangement, are eliminated. This is accomplished by utilizing a drum mounted on and rotating about a stator, within which a magnetic rotor fitted with permanent magnets is eccentrically arranged and mounted on said stator. The stator is provided with a balance weight for mass balance.

Description

Technical area

The invention relates to a device with a system operated by a motor for separating non-magnetizable metals, in particular non-ferrous metals, and existing Fe fractions from a solids mixture by means of a drum mounted on a rotating and rotating drum, in which a rotating, with permanent magnets equipped magnet rotor is arranged eccentrically and stored in the stator. The invention further relates to a method for operating the device.

State of the art

Such generic devices or methods are known for separating non-magnetizable metals.
Already the DE-C1-38 23 944 proposes a belt drum in a higher rotational speed than the belt drum driven magnet system in which the outer diameter of the magnet system is less than the clear inner diameter of the belt drum and, above all, the magnet system in the belt drum is arranged eccentrically ,

This device has been further developed according to DE-C1-38 17 003 to the effect that the eccentrically arranged magnetic rotor is adjustable in its position in the quadrant of the material discharge zone and thus the effective range of the alternating magnetic field generated by the magnetic rotor by radial adjustment.

In order to improve the separation effect from the above-described solid mixtures, after prior separation of the Fe fractions, in terms of, the non-ferrous metals was, according to DE-C2-195 21 415 by a constructive linkage of proven technical means, namely from the task area of the solid mixture over the further conveying and discharge area up to to the separation zones formed by the throwing parabolas, ensures that the purity of the variety in the individual material fractions is further concentrated.

The search for recyclables in the recycling sector is not yet completed and new problems arise.

When separating non-magnetizable metals such as non-ferrous metals from solid mixtures which, after separating the Fe fraction from e.g. a Shredderleichtfiaktion is obtained, it is necessary to increase the purity of the variety of non-ferrous metal operations because of the price to be achieved but also to efficiently separate mass flows of solid mixtures into the usable fractions.

Thus, the practice shows that the solid mixtures described above still - despite prior Fe separation - contain residues of Fe.

Overcoming mass flows of solid mixtures via devices described in the introduction led u.a. to an extremely broad interpretation of the drums and the rotating, eccentrically arranged magnetic rotors. This resulted in vibrations that had a negative effect both in the construction system and in terms of the separation effect.

Presentation of the invention

The invention has as its object to provide a device of the type mentioned, which meets the requirements of the industrial separation of non-magnetizable metals and still existing Fe contents of solid mixtures, such as obtained after separation of the Fe fraction from the shredder light fraction , The variety purity should be ensured especially of non-ferrous metals, ie, but that also the remaining Fe fractions are to be separated for themselves. In particular, the problem is to be solved, the oscillations occurring in extremely wide drums and possibly associated conveyor belt systems and corresponding resonances in the construction system largely to eliminate. The associated procedure is intended to support the guarantee of varietal purity.

This is achieved with the features of the device claims 1 to 19 and the method claim 20 according to the invention.

The invention will be described below with reference to a complex embodiment, wherein various design variants of the device are shown, which serve in their entirety the solution of the problem.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1

den Längsschnitt durch eine Trommel mit darin exzentrisch angeordnetem Magnetrotor und einem erfindungsgemäßen Ausgleichgewicht,

Fig. 2

den Querschnitt nach Fig. 1 mit dem erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten Ausgleichgewicht und Transportmagnet,

Fig. 3

die schematische Darstellung der Vorrichtung in einem Förderbandsystem mit nachgeordnetem Trennscheitel und Mitteln zur Einstellung des Trennscheitels,

Fig. 4

die schematische Darstellung eines Förderbandsystems mit auf dem Förderband umlaufender Rippe und je einem den Förderbandbereichen nachgeordneten Trennscheitel und

Fig. 5

einen Teilschnitt durch einen Trommelmantel.

In the drawings show

Fig. 1

the longitudinal section through a drum with eccentrically arranged therein magnetic rotor and a balance weight according to the invention,

Fig. 2

1 with the inventively designed balance weight and transport magnet,

Fig. 3

the schematic representation of the device in a conveyor belt system with downstream separating vertex and means for adjusting the separating vertex,

Fig. 4

the schematic representation of a conveyor belt system with circumferential on the conveyor belt rib and each one of the conveyor belt areas downstream separating vertex and

Fig. 5

a partial section through a drum shell.

Best way to carry out the invention

According to Fig. 1 and 2, the device according to the invention consists of a mounted on a stator 1 and rotating around this drum 2, in which a rotating, with permanent magnets 3 fitted magnet rotor 4 is arranged eccentrically and stored in the stator 1. The function and mode of operation of such a device for separating non-magnetizable metals from a solid mixture is explained in detail in the documents cited in the prior art.

Since, in such devices for influencing the separation effect, the angle is to be adjusted by pivoting the eccentrically arranged in the stator 1 magnetic rotor 4, a balance weight 1.1 is arranged according to the invention for mass balance on the stator 1. This balance weight 1.1 also fulfills the function of a vibration damper, in particular in the case of extreme widths of the drum 2 or a conveyor belt system 5, 5.1, as shown in FIGS. 3, 4 and 5.

To separate from the solid mixture in addition to the usually separated non-magnetic metals and the remaining Fe fractions, the balance weight is 1.1 in a unit with a transport magnet 1.2 or formed as a magnet, wherein it is adapted in its shape of the drum 1.

To optimize the efficiency of the magnetic field and ultimately the separation effect, the shape of the balance weight 1.1 is designed in accordance with the magnetic field to be generated and technologically favorable sickle-shaped.

In combination, the magnet rotor 4 is equipped with permanent magnets 3, which can be designed differently in terms of shape, dimensions and polarities in both the radial and axial directions of the magnet rotor 4.

Only with a device so executed is made possible that this meets the requirements of the invention to be solved by the problem initially presented.

If the drum 2 with the eccentrically arranged magnet rotor 4 as a head drum in an endless, the solid mixture feeding conveyor belt system 5 with conveyor belt 5.1 (Fig. 3, 4) arranged and downstream of a separating apex 6, the respective composition the separated fraction detecting means 7, such as a camera, provided, which cooperate with an adjusting device 9, which adjusts the separating vertex 6 to a concentrated purity of purity of the fraction.

• die Geschwindigkeit der Trommel und
• die Drehzahl des Magnetrotors 4

auf den Strom der Feststoffmischung bzw. deren Zusammensetzung eingestellt und der Magnetrotor 4 sowohl im Winkel um die Drehachse der Trommel 2 als auch bezogen auf den Abstand seiner Achse zur Drehachse der Trommel 2 im Hinblick auf die zu erzeugenden Wurfparabeln der zu trennenden NE-Metalle verstellt wird.Further supporting the separation effect, that

• the speed of the drum and
• the rotational speed of the magnet rotor 4

adjusted to the flow of the solid mixture or their composition and the magnetic rotor 4 adjusted both at an angle about the axis of rotation of the drum 2 and with respect to the distance of its axis to the axis of rotation of the drum 2 with respect to the throwing parables of the non-ferrous metals to be separated becomes.

In a conveyor belt system 5 and conveyor belt 5.1 with large width, it is useful for certain applications for separating solid mixtures to divide the conveyor belt 5.1 in two areas by a circumferential rib 10, these areas each nachnach a separating vertex 6.1, 6.2 and this separating vertex 6.1, 6.2 independently set so that different materials of solid mixtures of a pre-cleaning and a post-purification can be subjected.

In order to guide the conveyor belt 5.1 on the particular wide drum 2, without the conveyor belt 5.1, the tread or the drum shell 2.1. leaves the drum 2, 5 is provided as a bead in the conveyor belt 5.1 guide rib 11, which runs in a circumferential groove 12 of the drum shell 2.1 and is guided as shown in FIG ..

The upper edges of the separating vertex 6, 6.1, 6.2 may be formed to improve the separation quality as a rotating role, not shown.

In the relevant embodiments of the device according to the invention, a scraper 8 (FIG. 3) on the outer casing 2.1 of the drum 2 prevents the harmful entry of fraction particles between the conveyor belt 5.1 and the drum casing 2.1.

For industrial practice, it is crucial to provide a method which, in the event of a power failure, nevertheless ensures the separation quality until the drive system is at a standstill. For this case, the inventive method provides to use the energy of the still rotating magnet rotor 4 for the motor, not shown, for driving the conveyor belt system 5 to the drum 2 at least as long as acting as a generator other, not shown motor of the magnet rotor 4 operate until the voltage remaining on the conveyor belt system 5 remaining residual solids mixture is separated.

Industrial Applicability

With the invention, an apparatus and a method for separating non-magnetizable metals and Fe fractions from a solid mixture are provided for the industry, which ensure a high degree of separation quality and purity of the type of fractions to be produced in addition to a compact device configuration.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 =

stator

1.1 =

counterweight

1.2 =

transport magnet

2 =

drum

2.1 =

drum shell

3 =

permanent magnet

4 =

magnet rotor

5 =

Conveyor belt system

5.1 =

conveyor belt

6 =

separating crowns

6.1 =

first separating vertex

6.2 =

second separating vertex

7 =

Medium, camera

8 =

scraper

9 =

locking device

10 =

circumferential rib

11 =

guide rib

12 =

Fühnmgsnut

Claims (20)

1. A device with a system operated by a motor for separating non-magnetisable metals, particularly non-ferrous metals and Fe proportions present, from a solid mixture by means of a drum (2) mounted on a stator (1) and rotating about it, in which a rotary magnetic rotor (4), fitted with permanent magnets (3), is arranged eccentrically and is mounted in the stator (1), characterised in that the stator (1) has a counterweight (1.1) for mass equalisation.
2. The device according to Claim 1, characterised in that the counterweight (1.1) is designed as a vibration damper.
3. The device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised by the counterweight (1.1) for mass equalisation and/or functioning as a vibration damper when the angle is adjusted by swivelling the magnetic rotor (4) arranged eccentrically in the stator (1).
4. The device according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised by a conveying magnet (1.2) arranged in the region of the counterweight (1.1) for separating the Fe proportions contained in the non-ferrous metals.
5. The device according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the counterweight (1.1) and the conveying magnet (1.2) form one structural unit.
6. The device according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the counterweight (1.1) is designed as a magnet.
7. The device according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the counterweight (1.1) is adapted in its shape to the drum jacket (2.1) of the drum (2).
8. The device according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the counterweight (1.1) is adapted in its shape to the magnetic field to be generated.
9. The device according to Claim 6 or 8, characterised in that the counterweight (1.1) is sickle-shaped in design in its cross-section transverse to the axis of the drum (2).
10. The device according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the magnetic rotor (4) is fitted with permanent magnets (3) which may be designed differently in terms of shape, dimensions and polarities, both in the radial and axial direction of the magnetic rotor (4).
11. The device according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the drum (2) is arranged with the magnetic rotor (4) arranged eccentrically in it as a head drum in an endless conveyor belt system (5) guiding the solid mixture.
12. The device according to one of Claims 1 to 11, characterised in that at least one separating crown (6) is arranged after the device, which crown can be adjusted by means of an adjusting device (9 interacting with means (7) that recognise the specific composition of the separated fraction, e.g. a camera.
13. The device according to one of Claims 1 to 12, characterised in that the speed of the drum (2) is adjustable.
14. The device according to one of Claims 1 to 13, characterised in that the speed of the magnetic rotor (4) is adjustable.
15. The device according to one of Claims 1 to 14, characterised in that the magnetic rotor (4) arranged in the stator (1) is adjustable both in terms of the angle about the axis of rotation of the drum (2) and of the distance from its axis to the axis of rotation of the drum (2).
16. The device according to one of Claims 1 to 15, characterised in that a conveyor belt (5.1) of the conveyor belt system (5) has a guide rib (11) which is guided in a peripheral groove (12) of the drum jacket (2.1).
17. The device according to one of Claims 1 to 16, characterised in that the conveyor belt system (5.1) is divided into two regions by a peripheral rib (10) and in that a separating crown (6.1, 6.2) is arranged after each of these regions, wherein these separating crowns (6.1, 6.2) are independently adjustable and are therefore able to subject different materials from solid mixtures to pre-cleaning and after-cleaning operations.
18. The device according to one of Claims 1 to 17, characterised in that the upper edge of the separating crowns (6, 6.1, 6.2) is designed as a rotary roller to improve separating quality.
19. The device according to one of Claims 1 to 18, characterised by a stripper (8) on the drum jacket (2.1) of the drum (2).
20. Method for operating the device according to one of Claims 1 to 19, characterised in that in the event of a power failure for the motor driving the conveyor belt system (5), the energy of the rotary magnetic rotor (4) is used to operate the drum (2) by means of the other motor of the magnetic rotor (4) acting as a generator at least until the residual solid mixture still remaining on the conveyor belt system (5) at the time of the power failure is separated.

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