EP1394366B1 - Turbomachine housing - Google Patents

Description

Field of the invention

The present invention relates to a housing for turbomachines, such as turbocharger, secondary air chargers or the like., With a first rotor space for receiving a turbine rotor, a bearing space for a turbine rotor shaft carrying at one end, and a second rotor space for receiving an am another shaft end to be fastened compressor rotor, wherein the two rotor chambers are each surrounded by supply or discharge channels for a gas.

Background of the invention

Such housings are known from numerous documents, for example from CA-1,270,120 or US-A-2,860,827, 4,179,247 and 4,659,295, respectively. In all these cases, the housing consists of several - generally at least three - housing parts. For example, usually the turbine rotor space, the storage space and the compressor rotor space each dedicated to a separate housing part, which parts then have to be screwed together or connected to each other in other ways.

The multi-part design of the housing had in general also a special reason, namely in order to complicate the heat transfer and make the choice of materials according to the requirements.

DE-OS 31 33 952 discloses a turbocharger with a multi-part inner housing and a one-piece outer housing. WO 95/25878 recommends that a turbocharger housing be made in one piece but does not give any indication as to how a turbocharger can be assembled with such a housing. GB 1 315 307 shows a two-part turbocharger housing.

Summary of the invention

The invention is based on the finding that the multi-part design is not required in all cases and that it would therefore be desirable to reduce the cost of manufacturing and assembly.

This is inventively achieved in that the housing surrounding the storage space is at least partially formed integrally with the housing surrounding at least one of the rotor chambers. Accordingly, for example, for each of the two rotors a housing surrounding its space in conjunction with at least one Part of the housing surrounding the storage space are poured, so that at the end only the two rotors housing parts must be joined together.

A particular advantage of the embodiment according to the invention is that preferably only one single high-quality part has to be manufactured instead of several thereof (with mutual tolerance adaptation). The rotor chambers can each be covered with a simple flange, so that the assembly of the housing requires only the mounting of the two flanges and therefore less expensive.

It is even better, however, if all three rooms are surrounded by a one-piece molded housing.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1

einen Axialschnitt durch ein erfindungsgemäßes Gehäuse für Strömungsmaschinen, bei dem zur Veranschaulichung bereits eine Lagerung mitsamt Rotoren und Gehäusedeckel eingesetzt ist und von dem

Fig. 2

eine Seitenansicht im Sinne der Linie II-II der Fig. 1 zeigt.

Further details of the invention will become apparent with reference to the following description of a schematically illustrated in the drawings preferred embodiment. Show it:

Fig. 1

an axial section through an inventive housing for turbomachines, in which for illustrative purposes already a storage is used together with rotors and housing cover and of the

Fig. 2

a side view in the sense of line II-II of Fig. 1 shows.

Detailed description of the drawings

A unitary housing 1 made of, for example, a cast material such as gray cast iron or a light metal casting surrounds a turbine rotor space 2 for a turbine rotor 2 'shown in FIG. 1 at one of its ends, a compressor rotor space 3 for a compressor rotor 3' to be accommodated therein End and in between a storage space 4 for one of the two rotors 2 ', 3' in a known manner to one end bearing shaft 5. Each of the rotor chambers 2, 3 is an approximately annular or spirally surrounding channel, namely a supply channel 6 or assigned to a discharge channel 7, wherein a gaseous medium - that is, for example, in the case of a turbocharger exhaust, in the case of a secondary air charger air, in another case, perhaps a liquid - the supply channel 6 via a from Fig. 2 apparent, preferably molded nozzle 8 is supplied. Air is the compressor room 3 via an axial stub 17 is supplied to a housing cover 18 to be fastened to the housing 1 according to the invention by means of screws 19 (see arrow a ') and discharged from the discharge channel 7 via a connecting piece 9.

It should be noted that the housing 1 of the invention can be closed at the other end of a housing cover 20 and to threaded holes 21 (only one is shown) has, which - similar to the screws 19 - 22 receive screws. Also, this housing cover will then limit the rotor space 2, similar to the housing cover 18, the rotor chamber 3 limited. In a similar manner, it has an axial connection 23, via which fluid is discharged, which is supplied to the rotor 6 'via the supply channel 6, in accordance with the indicated arrow a.

As can be seen particularly from Fig. 1, the housing 1 is relatively strong, but formed with easy to manufacture shapes. In the context of the invention, it may well be to constrict it stronger between the turbine rotor chamber 2 and the compressor rotor chamber 3 and at most to provide it with ribs for heat dissipation.

Although a single, all three rooms 2-4 surrounding housing of FIG. 1 can be seen, the invention is by no means limited thereto. It would, for example, be conceivable to produce the housing 1 from two parts which can be connected to one another in a detachable manner, as indicated by dash-dotted lines L. Of course, then again a tolerance problem may arise, which is why the fully one-piece training for all three rooms 2-4 is preferred. But you can control the tolerance problems better if then the two parts of the housing 1 mating mating surfaces, in particular conical mating surfaces 10, have, so that they are nested and then only need to be fastened together in a conventional manner. Such a subdivision of the housing 1 can of course also be done in other ways, for example by one of the rotor chambers 2 or 3 is surrounded by a housing which also includes the entire storage space. Another modification could be that the rotor chambers 2, 3 and the supply and Abfuhrfuhrkanäle 6, 7 are each equal.

The storage space 4 can accommodate a conventional, possibly also divided sliding bearing, but it can also be used a rolling bearing.

In contrast to conventional embodiments, in which an axial fixation was housed in the middle of the storage space 4 (see US Patent No. 4,179,247), it is preferable in a further development of the invention, if an arrangement for an axial fixation, such as a thrust bearing, each at a respective rotor space 2 and 3 facing end of the storage space 4 is provided, where, for example, without complicated processing an axial fixation, such as a thrust bearing, can easily assemble or a corresponding arrangement can be easily provided. This arrangement on the right side of Fig. 1 of a one space 14 for the passage of the shaft 5 - namely that end of the shaft 5, which carries the turbine rotor 2 'in the turbine rotor chamber 2 - surrounding and preferably mitigearbeitet in one piece with the housing 1 annular wall 15th formed, which forms such a conclusion of the storage space 4.

On the other hand, a cylindrical space 16 is provided at the other end of the storage space 4 (left in Fig. 1), in which an axial fixation, such as a thrust bearing, can be accommodated. Such axial fixings or thrust bearings are known to the person skilled in the art and therefore need not be discussed in detail here. Thus, the storage space 4 has the form of a socket. In this way, it is possible to insert the shaft together with preassembled bearing unit (or initially only the bearings alone) in the hollow bush formed by the storage space 4, where it abuts against the annular wall 15. The annular wall 15 itself with its opening 14 for the passage of the shaft 5 (i.e., the opening 14 corresponds at least approximately to the diameter of the shaft 5) may either itself be designed as a sliding bearing or receive such. As soon as the bearing unit, which preferably has approximately the same axial length as the storage space 4, has been inserted into this space 4, then the axial fixing in the space 16 can take place.

1. 1) bzw. der Zufuhr von Luft (an der linken Seite der Fig. 1) aufschrauben zu können. In jedem Falle ist aber ersichtlich, daß nicht nur die Gehäusekonstruktion vereinfacht ist, sondern außerdem auch noch die Montage erleichtert wird. Was die Ausbildung der Rotoren 2', 3' anlangt, so können diese durchaus herkömmlicher Art sein; diesbezüglich wird auf die eingangs genannten Dokumente verwiesen.

Of course, numerous modifications are possible within the scope of the invention, some of which have already been mentioned above. Furthermore, it would also be conceivable to provide the storage space 4 from the outside leading lubrication holes. Also, the housing 1 itself could also at its two ends also have radial outer connecting flanges, on which the housing cover 18 and 20 with the corresponding Axialstutzen 17, 23 for blowing fluid, such as the exhaust gas, (on the right side of FIG.

1. 1) or the supply of air (on the left side of Fig. 1) to unscrew. In any case, it can be seen that not only the housing construction is simplified, but also also the assembly is facilitated. As for the training of the rotors 2 ', 3' arrives, they may well be conventional; In this regard, reference is made to the documents mentioned above.

Instead of the above-described preferred mode of axial fixation within the desiering, as per se, e.g. Patent No. 4,179,247, known - within the storage space 4, an axial fixation are provided, such as by introducing at least one annular groove 24 for accommodating such a fixation in the bush-like bore of the storage space 4. In this way, it may be possible to provide the arrangement for an axial fixation of the bearing between the two ends of the storage space 4.

Claims (6)

1. A housing (1) for a fluid flow engine comprising
   a first rotor space (2) for receiving a turbine rotor ;
   a bearing space (4) to house a shaft (5) bearing said turbine rotor on one of its ends,
   a second rotor space (3) for receiving a compressor rotor on its other end ;
   inlet - and outlet - channels (6, 7) for a gas surrounding said first and second rotor spaces,
   characterized in that said housing (1) surrounding said bearing space (4) is integrally formed, at least in part with said housing (1) surrounding at least one of said rotor spaces (2, resp. 3).
2. Housing as claimed in claim 1, wherein said first, second and third spaces (2-4) are surrounded by a housing (1) which is integrally formed as one piece.
3. Housing as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein said bearing space (4) is comprised of a bushing for receiving a bearing (13, 13') which is enlarged as compared with the diameter of the shaft (5).
4. Housing as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one admission tube (8 resp. 9) for admission of a gas to the respective admission channel (6 resp. 7) is integrally formed on the housing (1).
5. Housing as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein means (15, 16) are provided on at least one, preferably on both ends of the bearing space (4) for axial fixation of the bearing.
6. Housing according to claim 1, wherein the bearing space (4) comprises an annular wall (15) on one of its ends, said annular wall extending inwardly toward said space to house said shaft (5), in view of its axial fixation, functioning as axial bearing.

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