EP1393870A1 - Wood splitting machine - Google Patents

Abstract

A connection (18) joins a work-head (12) to a motor-driven positioning appliance (16). A drive mechanism drives the wood-splitting element (4). The piece of chopping-wood (6) is prevented from rotating with the wood-splitting element by means of a thrust piece (8) which has a distributor (10) placed horizontally

Description

State of the art

The invention relates to a wood splitting device according to the Preamble of claim 1.

From GB 2073 656 A is a wood splitting device with a cone-shaped splitting element known on its conical surface has a thread-shaped structure. To split a Wooden block is the splitting element with its tip on put the wooden block on it and set it in rotation. By the thread-shaped structure screws the cone point in the Wooden block, which is then pushed apart from the gap element and thus split. For splitting tree stumps, the Splitting cone on a boom of a vehicle, for example a crane, fixed and hydraulically operated there.

The invention is based on the object, a wood splitting device to specify a high level of occupational safety can be. This object is achieved according to the invention solved by the features of claim 1. Further embodiments The invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.

Advantages of the invention

The invention is based on a wood splitting device a working head, a connecting means for connecting the Working head with a motorized positioning device, a gap element and a drive means for rotary Drive of the gap element.

It is proposed that the wood splitting device a Stop for preventing co-rotation of a splitting Wooden piece with the gap element comprises.

It has been shown that turning a piece of wood around a rotationally driven gap element, with a motor driven positioning device, for example a machine boom of a hay hogger, quite simply prevented can be, by the splitting element by the positioning device is pressed onto the piece of wood. The friction between the piece of wood and the ground on which it lies be increased in this way so far that the splitting element can screw into the piece of wood without this around the Rotates splitting element around. Is the piece of wood split, so can the split element lifted out of the split piece of wood become. Some pieces of wood, especially those with many Ast approaches, but also clenched in the split state still relatively firmly to the gap element. With such woods the splitting element must be unscrewed from the piece of wood become. Again, a sufficient pressure on the piece of wood remain intact, the one turning the wood piece prevented around the gap element around. By intention the operator of the wood splitting device, the splitting element to pick it up from the piece of wood, however, it can happen that the gap element with the aid of the positioning means is lifted when unscrewing. This can be the piece of wood unexpectedly put into rapid rotation, causing the Piece of wood for nearby people a significant Source of danger.

Such, caused by a carelessness of an operator Danger can be countered if the wood splitting device includes a stop that the turning of the prevented to split wood piece. The attack is here positioned so that a larger one rotating around the gap element Piece of wood strikes against the stop. The stop can a rod or a tube relative to the gap element occupies a fixed or adjustable position. Also a with the wood splitter connected wooden gripper can as Stop to be used. Here, the wood grapple for Holding the piece of wood provided when splitting or arranged so be that a free-rotating piece of wood attached to the logger strikes.

As a gap element is in particular a conical element suitable with a thread-like structure. The drive means can be an engine inside or outside of the engine Gap element is arranged and in particular hydraulically is driven. An advantageous positioning means is a vehicle-connectable or attached device; such as a machine boom or a Crane arm of a crane. As vehicles are vehicles with or suitable without own drive, like an excavator, a hay excavator, a digger, a tractor, a Unimog or a trailer.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention is the Stop positionable under the gap element. The stop can split into one and not yet apart fallen piece of wood to be pressed without the splitting element for example, pressed into adjacent soil becomes. The stop can thus be used as a dividing element, the one split piece of wood, the two parts still related to fibers, completely dissected. A position under the splitting element, the stop will stop when it is completely closed or at least much of the attack closer to Soil are positioned as the top of the splitting element. Also, a position obliquely below the gap element is as below considered the nip element.

It is also proposed that the stopper be a dicing means having brought that into a horizontal position can be. The dicing agent can be split into a Wood piece, similar to an ax, are introduced, and the Piece of wood may be due to a down-striking movement or completely by a reciprocation of the dicing agent be parted. By fiber remains or Astansätze still interconnected parts of a split piece of wood can be easily separated from each other in this way. As a horizontal position is understood, at least largely parallel to the ground or substantially perpendicular aligned to the direction of acceleration of Erdschwerkraft is.

Conveniently, the dicing means is vertical, ie in Direction towards the ground, movable. A vertical movement of the dicing means allows a striking movement from above in the split piece of wood, making this easier Can be completely divided into two parts.

The splitting of still connected parts of an already split Wooden piece can be relieved when the dicing agent in a horizontal position a narrower down has expectant cross-section. With the closer part of the Dicing agent is between the still connected parts retracted and fiber connections or branch connections can be cut or torn. With the above lying wider portion of the Zerteilmittels be the two Parts pressed apart. The cross section can in particular be wedge-shaped or cut-shaped, whereby the Dividing means such as a knife dividing can be used.

The drive means may include one or more hydraulic motors include. With a drive means, the two hydraulic motors includes, which can be operated in parallel, a particularly strong rotational movement of the gap element be achieved, with only a part of the rotational force of each must be applied to a motor. The stress The motors can be kept low, creating a long life and high reliability of the motors can be achieved.

If the hydraulic motors can be operated in series, then a fast rotation possible, especially when unscrewing of the gap element is advantageous. Conveniently, the motors can be operated both in series and in parallel. With the help of a valve, an operator can choose between parallel Switch operation and in-line mode and one choose fast or slow rotation of the gap element. On This way, with the usually low flow rate one at a e.g. Hay excavators installed hydraulic pump by an interaction of two hydraulic motors such Hydraulic motors with a relatively fast movement selected And it can still be with a high force in it splitting wood to be retracted.

A particularly simple construction of the wood splitting device can be achieved by the fact that the working head relative to the positioning device is movable and the working head the drive means, the splitting element and the stop are arranged. The drive means can also work in the head be arranged. The working head is for example on the positioning device rotatable or pivotable about the Splitting element or the stop in a good working position to be able to bring.

Another advantage is achieved when the stop is relative to the gap element is designed to be movable and the stop in Connection with the splitting element used as a wood grab can be. The splitting wood piece can without further worn equipment to a cleavage site, split there and then loaded onto a cart, for example become. The stop is hereby a joint in the Moving way, that he is connected with the Cleavage element can act as a forceps, so the gap element out movable and can be acted upon by a holding force. The Holding force can be applied by a hydraulic mechanism become.

Advantageously, the stop comprises at least two stop arms. A piece of wood can be safely between the arms and be firmly gripped. In particular, the arms are parallel and expediently curved to the gap element. Slipping out of the piece of wood out of the arms and Splitting element formed pliers is counteracted.

Conveniently, the working head comprises a receiving device for receiving a wooden gripper. With this simple Construction allows the wood to be split simply in position be brought and the split wood parts, for example for transport, to be piled up.

The wooden grapple can be turned easily and thus into a good Working position be brought when the receiving device having a rotator. The rotator provides the drive movement, for example, to turn the wooden gripper in a good working position is used. About one or more Cardan shafts and cardan joints can use the rotational energy of Rotator be transferred to the wood grab.

A simple and quick tool change from the splitting element to the Holzgreifer and vice versa can be achieved, if the receiving device by a rotary movement of the working head at least partially positionable pointing down is. Thus, for example, after the gap element for Cleavage of a piece of wood was used by a simple Rotary movement of the working head of the gripper in the direction be pivoted the split piece of wood, so that the Wooden gripper in a suitable position for gripping the wooden parts brought is. After completion of the gripping process by the Log grapple can counteract the splitting element by the opposite directed rotational movement of the working head back to its working position to be brought. Downwards, the receiving device, if a direction in which it points, an angle less than 45 ° to a perpendicular imaginary line forms.

In a further embodiment of the invention, it is proposed that with the gap element a lubricant container connected is. It can be lubricant on the surface of the Spaltelements are applied, whereby the adhesion of Dirt and in particular resin counteracted at the gap element can be. This allows the penetration of the gap element be facilitated in the piece of wood and the adhesion of the piece of wood be reduced at the gap element. In addition, the Risk of rotation of the wood piece around the gap element reduced. In addition, a wear of the gap element be counteracted.

The lubricant container can be arranged outside the gap element and for example by a line with the gap element be connected. Conveniently, the lubricant container however, disposed within the gap element. It is no connection of the lubricant container with the gap element, for example in the form of a clutch, necessary, whereby a high reliability of lubricant supply to the Cleavage element can be ensured.

A safe and reliable guidance of a lubricant the lubricant container on the outer surface of the gap element can be achieved by the gap element an outlet opening through which a connection from the lubricant container is formed to the outer surface of the gap element.

In order to achieve a desired dosage of the lubricant, a lubricant channel can be designed so that the Lubricant upon rotation of the gap member by the Centrifugal force pulled on the outer surface of the gap element becomes. Alternatively, it is also conceivable with the rotation of the Slitting element coupled feed pump to use, through the during a rotation of the gap element lubricant on the outer surface is encouraged. It is also possible to suitably Provide remote controllable valve, through the lubricant can be released at desired times.

The gap element may be a substantially conical head element and a substantially frusto-conical body member include, wherein the outlet opening between the head element and the body member. The outlet opening is thus arranged in the immediate vicinity of the head element, the penetration of the gap element in the piece of wood is charged the most. In addition, for example a gap between the head element and the body element as Outlet opening can be used, whereby no separate Outlet opening must be provided.

drawing

Further advantages emerge from the following description of the drawing. In the drawing, an embodiment of the Invention shown. The drawing, the description and The claims contain numerous features in combination. The person skilled in the art expediently also individually consider and summarize to meaningful further combinations.

Fig. 1

eine Seitenansicht einer Holzspaltevorrichtung mit einem in eine Arbeitsposition gebrachten Spaltelement,

Fig. 2

die Holzspaltevorrichtung mit einem in Arbeitsposition gebrachten Zerteilmittel,

Fig. 3

einen Querschnitt durch einen Anschlag der Holzspaltevorrichtung,

Fig. 4

einen Holzgreifer der Holzspaltevorrichtung in Arbeitsposition,

Fig. 5

eine Detailansicht des Arbeitskopfs und des Spaltelements der Holzspaltevorrichtung,

Fig. 6

eine schematische Darstellung der Hydraulikölversorgung der Antriebsmittel der Holzspaltevorrichtung,

Fig. 7

ein Durchströmschema durch ein Ventil und

Fig. 8

ein weiteres Durchströmschema durch das Ventil.

Show it:

Fig. 1

a side view of a wood splitting device with a brought into a working position splitting element,

Fig. 2

the wood splitting device with a cutting means brought into working position,

Fig. 3

a cross section through a stop of the wood splitting device,

Fig. 4

a wood grapple of the wood splitting device in working position,

Fig. 5

a detailed view of the working head and the gap element of the wood splitting device,

Fig. 6

a schematic representation of the hydraulic oil supply of the drive means of the wood splitting device,

Fig. 7

a Durchströmschema through a valve and

Fig. 8

another Durchströmschema through the valve.

FIG. 1 schematically shows a wood splitting device 2 shown in a side view. The wood column device 2 comprises a conical splitting element 4 for splitting a piece of wood 6, a stopper 8 for preventing co-rotation of the wood piece 6 to be split with the Gap element 4. The stop 8 comprises an outwardly facing Dicing means 10, which designed in the form of a cutting edge is (Figure 3). The gap element 4 and the stop 8 are on attached to a working head 12, which also has a Wood gripper 14 carries. The working head 12 is connected by a connecting means 18 with one as a machine boom of a tractor designed positioning device 16 and connected movably mounted on it. The machine boom is equipped with a not shown machine, such as a tractor, a Hay excavator or a hull piece of a wood column device, connected. Due to the movable mounting of the working head 12th on the machine boom, the working head 12 serves simultaneously as second positioning means with which the splitting element 4, the stopper 8 and the wooden gripper 14 in a working position are positionable.

For splitting the piece of wood 6, the gap element 4 with the help of the machine boom with its tip 20 (Figure 2) the piece of wood 6 is pressed. Then, the gap element 4 by two hydraulic motors 22 and 24 shown in FIG. 5, which serve as drive means of the gap element 4, in a Rotated motion offset. On the outer surface of the gap element 4, a threaded structure 26 is attached, through which the Slitting element 4 screwed into the piece of wood 6. The intrusion of the gap element 4 in the piece of wood 6 can also by one applied by the machine boom on the gap element 4 Be supported. Due to the penetration of the cone-shaped gap element 4 in the piece of wood 6 is the Split piece of wood 6. This remains, depending on the nature of the piece of wood 6, more and less fibers 28 between the split parts of the piece of wood 6, the parts still can hold together quite firmly.

After completion of the splitting operation, the gap element 4 is made the piece of wood 6 pulled out by it from the machine boom is raised to the top. The extraction of the gap element 4 from the piece of wood 6 can by unscrewing the Gap element 4 are supported from the piece of wood 6, wherein the gap element 4 for this in a screwing opposite Rotation is turned. When through the fibers 28th still firmly connected parts of the split Wood piece 6 still press the parts firmly against the splitting element 4. When lifting the gap element 4 reduces the Friction of the parts on the ground, causing the parts with the rotary motion of the gap element 4 can rotate. Such a Mitdrehbewegung is prevented by the stop 8, to which the Wood piece 6 strikes. The gap element 4 can be split Piece of wood 6 are lifted out and turned out, the parts of the piece of wood 6 through the stop 8 and the Tip 20 of the gap element 4 remain substantially fixed.

After the splitting process is complete and the splitting element 4 has moved out of the piece of wood 6, it may be that the parts of the split piece of wood 6 through the fibers 28 still quite firmly together and therefore not separately can be removed. For complete splitting the split piece of wood 6, the wood splitting device. 2 be brought into a Zerteilposition shown in Figure 2. For this purpose, the working head 12 by about 75 ° against the Turned clockwise so that the stop 8 from the working head 12 is positioned so that it is largely below the gap element 4 is arranged and the dicing means 10 in a in Essentially horizontal position is coming. The wood column device 2 can now through the machine boom in one direction 32 moves up and in a direction 34 down be, so that the dicing means 10 pushing vertically movable or beating between the parts of the wood piece 6 retracted can be. The fibers 28 are hereby cut, torn or torn off one of the parts, leaving the both parts of the split piece of wood 6 completely divided can be and fall apart.

The dividing means 10 has one as shown in FIG Cross-section on, in the horizontal position of the Zerteilmittels 10 becomes narrower in the direction 34 downwards and in an edge 36 ends. The cutting of the piece of wood 6 is facilitated by the lower knife-shaped edge 36, with the between the wooden parts can be cut.

For removal of the parts of the split piece of wood 6 is the working head 12 of the wood splitting device 2 slightly less turned half a turn clockwise so that a receiving device 44 for receiving the timber gripper 14th (Figure 5) down and about 20 ° inclined to a vertical oriented imaginary line. The working head 12 is thus movable so that the gap element 4, the stop 8 and the receiving device 44 and the wood gripper 14 in a working position are pivotable.

For gripping the parts of the piece of wood 6, the wood gripper comprises 14 pliers 40, which are hydraulically movable in a holding device 42 are arranged. To enable a simple Gripping the parts of the piece of wood 6 is the holding device 42 gimbal rotatably mounted. The rotation is done by the hydraulically driven rotator 44 (FIG the figures not shown cardan shafts and cardan joints the holding device 42 is connected.

The drive means with the two hydraulic motors 22, 24 is shown in FIG. The hydraulic motors 22, 24 become hydraulic operated, wherein pressurized hydraulic oil from one to a machine, for example a hay excavator, arranged hydraulic pump 48 through lines 46, of which only one is shown in Figures 1 to 4, via a valve 50 is guided to the hydraulic motors 22, 24. The hydraulic motors 22, 24 are interconnected via gears 52, 54, wherein the gear 52 is arranged on a shaft, which is connected to the gap element 4. Also from the compressor supplied with hydraulic oil is the rotator 44, the one Part of the receiving device 38 is.

A hydraulic circuit diagram of the hydraulic motors 22, 24 is shown in Figures 6 to 8. The hydraulic motors 22, 24 are operable both in series and in parallel. At a Operation in series is compressed by the hydraulic pump 48 Hydraulic oil through a line 56 to the hydraulic motor 22 supplied and drives this. This the hydraulic motor 22nd leaving hydraulic oil then flows to the valve 50, which is connected as shown in Figure 8. The hydraulic oil thus arrives at the hydraulic motor 24 and also drives this and then returned to the hydraulic pump 48. In This circuit flows a lot of hydraulic oil, for example 20 liters / minute, consecutively through both hydraulic motors 22, 24, making them operable in a fast operation are.

In a parallel operation of the hydraulic motors 22, 24 is the Valve 50 as shown in Figure 7 connected. That in the Hydraulic pump 48 pressurized hydraulic oil is through the line 56 both the hydraulic motor 22 and the - Hydraulic motor 22 immediately - the valve 50 supplied. That the Hydraulic motor 22 immediate hydraulic oil is through the valve 50 to the hydraulic motor 24 passed. In this mode of operation Only half of the hydraulic oil flows through each of the hydraulic motors 22, 24, however, these hydraulic motors in each case the full pressure generated by the hydraulic pump 48 is available, which is why such a mode of operation for a slow and vigorous operation of the gap element 4 suitable is. The circuit shown in Figures 6 to 8 is only given by way of example and can of course also be executed in a different way, the one operation the hydraulic motors 22, 24 allowed in parallel and in series.

The gap element 4 has in its interior a Gleitmittelbehälter 58, which passes through a filling opening 60 with a Lubricant can be filled. The lubricant runs through a filling channel 62 into the lubricant container 58 and passes from there through a lubricant channel 64 into a gap 68. This gap 68 is between the substantially conical Head element 70 of the gap element 4 and the substantially frusto-conical body element 72 of the gap element 4 arranged. The head element 70 is by means of a Fastener 74 mounted in the body member 72, wherein the gap 68 of a number of the fastener 74th is formed star-shaped outgoing channels. In each of these Channels projects a Gleitmittelkanal 64 from above, so that the Lubricant from the lubricant reservoir 58 through the lubricant channel 64 in each arm of the gap 68 between the body member 72 and the head element 70 can occur. From there from the lubricant is passed to outlet openings 76, the end of each of the star-shaped channels of the gap 68 form. The lubricant thus reaches the outer surface 78 of the gap element 4 and contributes to a slight penetration of the gap element 4 in a piece of wood 6 to be split.

reference numeral

2

Wood column device

4

gap member

6

piece of wood

8th

attack

10

dividing means

12

working head

14

Holzgreifer

16

positioning

18

connecting means

20

top

22

hydraulic motor

24

hydraulic motor

26

thread structure

28

fibers

30

holder

32

direction

34

direction

36

edge

38

cradle

40

tongs

42

holder

44

rotator

46

management

48

hydraulic pump

50

Valve

52

gear

54

gear

56

management

58

lubricant container

60

fill opening

62

filling channel

64

Gleitmittelkanal

68

gap

70

header

72

body member

74

fastener

76

outlet opening

78

outer surface

Claims (18)

A wood splitting device (2) having a working head (12), a connecting means (18) for connecting the working head (12) to a motor-driven positioning device (16), a splitting element (4) and a drive means for rotatably driving the splitting element (4),
characterized by a stop (8) for preventing co-rotation of a piece of wood to be split (6) with the gap element (4). Wood splitting device (2) according to claim 1,
characterized in that the stop (8) is positionable under the gap element (4). Wood splitting device (2) according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that the stop (8) by a rotary movement of the working head (12) under the gap element (4) is positionable. Wood splitting device (2) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the stop (8) has a dividing means (10) which can be brought into a horizontal position. Wood splitting device (2) according to claim 4,
characterized in that the dividing means (10) is vertically movable. Wood splitting device (2) according to claim 4 or 5, characterized
characterized in that the dividing means (10) in the horizontal position has a downwardly narrowing cross-section. Wood splitting device (2) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the drive means comprises two hydraulic motors (22, 24) which can be operated in parallel. Wood splitting device (2) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the drive means comprises two hydraulic motors (22, 24) which can be operated in series. Wood splitting device (2) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the working head (12) is movable relative to the positioning device (16) and on the working head (12), the drive means, the gap element (4) and the stop (8) are arranged. Wood splitting device (2) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the stop (8) relative to the gap element (4) is designed to be movable and the stop (8) can be used in conjunction with the gap element (4) as a wood gripper. Wood splitting device (2) according to claim 10,
characterized in that the stop comprises at least two stop arms, which are designed to be curved in particular to the gap element. Wood splitting device (2) according to claim 11,
characterized in that the working head (12) comprises a receiving device (38) for receiving a wood gripper (14). Wood splitting device (2) according to claim 12,
characterized in that the receiving device (38) has a rotator (44). Wood splitting device (2) according to claim 12 or 13,
characterized in that the receiving device (38) by a rotational movement of the working head (12) is at least partially positioned pointing downwards. Wood splitting device (2) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that a lubricant container (58) is connected to the gap element (4). Wood splitting device (2) according to claim 15,
characterized in that the lubricant container (58) is arranged inside the gap element (4). Wood splitting device (2) according to claim 15 or 16,
characterized in that the gap element (4) has an outlet opening (76) through which a connection from the lubricant container (58) to the outer surface (78) of the gap element (4) is formed. Wood splitting device (2) according to claim 17,
characterized in that the gap element (4) comprises a substantially conical head element (70) and a substantially frusto-conical body element (72) and the outlet opening (76) is arranged between the head element (70) and the body element (72).

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