EP1352995B1 - Head piece made of polymer material for a carding flat - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a Deckelendkopf a flat rod for a revolving lid of a card or card.

In generic cards or carding a variety of flat bars are guided on a slide on the card drum. This arrangement is also called revolving lids. They are connected by an endless element, for example a belt or a chain, and are moved by a drive element. Both the flat bars and the spool have a set, for example, fine needles or in the form of a sawtooth, which interact with each other for the cleaning and the parallelization of the fibers. In order to achieve a carding result, it is particularly important that the distances of the flat bars to the card drum, or the spacing of the clothing tips, are maintained exactly. The carding gap between the two sets is at most a few tenths of a millimeter.

The flat bars each have a Deckelendkopf at their ends. The lid end head has a mounting area for attachment to the end of the flat bar and at least one sliding surface. As a rule, the lid end head also has a device for fastening the endless element, for example a recess. An example of such a combination of flat bar, endless element, and lid end head can be found in the patent EP0 627 507 B1.

The sliding surfaces of the Deckelendköpfe are at the same time the surfaces, whereby the entire flat bar rests on the sliding guides. They also have the task of interacting with the sliding guide and to ensure a low-friction and dimensionally accurate running of the flat bar. It is therefore important that the Deckelendkopf and the sliding guide are precisely matched to each other, so that the distance between the flat rod and drum (each of the clothing tips) can be kept within a predetermined tolerance range.

Due to the sliding movement of the lid end head on the sliding guide, the sliding guide and / or the sliding surface of the lid end head is subject to wear. In essence, the wear of the sliding guide or the sliding surface of the lid end heads is a matter of material pairing used. Wear can also be reduced or minimized by the use of lubricators (e.g., oil lubrication).

The sliding guide on the card is traditionally made of cast iron. The newer art discloses sliding guides with sliding strips of polymeric material, for example EP 620 296 or EP 361 219. The latter does not disclose which material is needed for the lid end head. EP 620 296 discloses cast iron or sturdy metal for the lid end heads. In addition to these materials also solid steel (US 4,827,573) or an aluminum / aluminum alloy (US 4,300,266) for the production of Deckelendköpfe be called. In these patents, however, no information about the material for the sliding guide is made.

To increase the lubricity of these Deckelendköpfe, the prior art also provides sliding shoes, which are attached to the Deckelendkopf. For example, US Pat. No. 4,300,266 shows a lid shoe that is interchangeable when needed. However, this lid shoe is pushed in the axial direction of the lid head and fastened by means of clips. A disadvantage of this solution is the considerable effort involved in the replacement of the cover shoes. The game in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the flat bar, which is needed to push the lid shoe on the flat bar, is disadvantageous for the exact assignment of the flat bar to the drum.

Other examples of sliding shoes can be found in US Pat. No. 4,300,266, which proposes a material for the sliding shoe phosphorus / bronze or a polymer material, for example MoS 2 / nylon or a combination containing PTFE. Patent DE 198 34 893 discloses a polymer material sliding shoe, for example made of polyamide.

In practice, sliding shoes are also glued. The disadvantage of an exchange is not only the extra effort to remove the old shoe and adhesive residue. But when gluing the new shoe can also Ktebstoffverschmierungen arise that can significantly affect the flat rod in its function. Only by very precise work, these contaminants can be prevented, but this requires a considerable extra effort.

US 6,269,522 discloses so-called tread elements, which are integrated either in the construction of the back part of the flat bar or designed as hardened steel pins or as a sliding shoe made of plastic on a support structure which is attached to the flat bar; are executed. When using the plastic sliding shoes have the same disadvantages as described above, a manufacture of the other types shown requires a metal construction such as steel, aluminum or gray cast iron.

In summary, lid end heads made of steel or cast iron are used in the present flat bars and partly provided with sliding shoes. Although this combination meets the requirement of the flat bars, this is disadvantageous for the production. Depending on the type, around 100 flat bars are used on one machine. Each additional component on a complete flat bar increases production costs.

The object of the invention is to optimize the Deckelendkopf taking into account the material pairing and the problem described above.

According to claims 1 and 2, a solution according to the invention provides for producing the entire lid end head in one piece from a polymer material.

Internal investigations have shown that in the material pairing of cast iron / polymer material similar wear mechanisms play as with a material combination of steel / polymer material.

For the solution according to the invention, especially a sliding guide made of cast iron or steel is preferred. However, slideways made wholly or partly of a polymeric material could also serve as a partner for a lid end made of a polymeric material as this invention proposes.

A Deckelendkopf consists of several areas: the first area is responsible for the attachment with the flat bar, the second area consists of the actual head rests on the sliding guide and additionally corresponding sliding surfaces adduced. One of these areas could also additionally have a device for fastening the endless element.

• einen Werkstoff aus der Gruppe der Polyamide, beispielsweise Polyamid 66;
• ein Werkstoff aus der Gruppe der Polyoxymethylene (POM). Die Homo-Polymere (POM-H) und Co-Polymere (POM-C) können beide erfindungsgemäss eingesetzt werden. Beispiele sind Delrin® oder Hostaform®.
• einen Werkstoff aus der Gruppe der Terephthalate, vorzugsweise Polyethylenterephthalat (PETP) oder Polybutylenterephthalat (PBTP).
• einen Werkstoff aus der Gruppe der Polyetheretherketon (PEEK);
• oder einen Werkstoff aus der Gruppe der Polyimide (PI), beispielsweise Polyamidimide (PAI).

The basis for the lid end head is preferably used as the polymer material:

• a material from the group of polyamides, for example polyamide 66;
• a material from the group of polyoxymethylenes (POM). The homopolymers (POM-H) and co-polymers (POM-C) can both be used according to the invention. Examples are Delrin® or Hostaform®.
• a material from the group of terephthalates, preferably polyethylene terephthalate (PETP) or polybutylene terephthalate (PBTP).
• a material from the group of polyetheretherketone (PEEK);
• or a material from the group of polyimides (PI), for example polyamide-imides (PAI).

Another solution according to the invention provides fiber reinforcement of the polymer material. Thus, the strength of the Deckelendkopfes can be increased. The approach between the mounting portion and the actual head is exposed to several forces during operation of the revolving lid. The flat bar is only supported by its lid end heads. To ensure a precise measurement guide, these lid end heads must not sag. In addition, they are also subjected to torsional forces due to the lateral movement of the flat bars by the drive element. A rotation of the material would also adversely affect the measurement guide.

An additional aspect is that the entire lid end head is made of a material that wears out. The selected fiber material can thereby reach the surface of the sliding surface. Abrasive fibers could then cause undesirable rubbing of the slide. Carbon fibers (for example PAN fibers®) or aramid fibers (polyamideimide fibers, for example Kevlar®) are preferably used according to the invention.

A mixture of both fibers could also be used. Especially since the aramid fibers have a favorable wear behavior compared to the sliding partners and the carbon fibers achieve better strength. Combining results in an optimal solution.

The required strength requires a total fiber content of 5 to 60% by weight, preferably 30 to 50% by weight. Unless otherwise indicated, weight% throughout the disclosure is always calculated on the final weight. With a mixture of aramid fibers and carbon fibers, an aramid fiber content of at least 10% by weight is preferred.

An additional solution according to the invention is a lid end head made of a polymer material with solid lubricant additive. Tests have shown that not every combination of a base polymer material and solid lubricant on cast iron exhibits optimum lubricity and lubricity. Preferred combinations are shown in Table 1, in column 1 again the preferred groups of base polymer materials are listed and in column 2 the preferred solid lubricants, which show for the task of Deckelendkopfes as the most suitable.

In order to obtain the desired slip properties, 1 to 15% by weight of solid lubricants are needed, preferably 5 to 12% by weight, very preferably 8 to 11% by weight. For molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) and polysiloxane even a smaller amount of solid lubricants is sufficient, preferred for these 2 solid lubricants 1-6% by weight, preferably 1 to 3% by weight, for example 2% by weight. Table 1: Preferred combinations of base polymer material and solid lubricant Based polymer material lubricant I. Polyamide PA a. PTFE (fiber or powder) b. Polysiloxane (silicone) c. graphite d. polyethylene e. Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) II. Polyoxymethylene POM a. Polysiloxane (silicone) b. PTFE (fiber or powder) III. terephthalate a. PTFE (powder or fiber) IV. Polyetheretherketone PEEK a. PTFE (powder or fiber) V. Polyimide PI a. PTFE (powder or fiber) b. graphite c. MoS2

The lid end heads can be manufactured by an injection molding process.

For the even application of a complete set of flat bars to the drum, the flat bar and lid end head are often treated after being put together. Milling or grinding the sliding surface is possible with the chosen combinations of materials.

Figur 1

Schematische Darstellung des Deckelendkopfes in der Karde

Figur 2

Schematische Darstellung des Deckelendkopfes auf der Gleitführung

Figur 3

Unteransicht Deckelendkopf

Figur 4

Seitenansicht Deckelendkopf

Figur 5

Unteransicht Deckelendkopf mit Rillen für Schmutzentfernung

Figur 6

Seitenansicht Deckelendkopf mit Rillen für Schmutzentfernung

Figur 7

Verfahren und Vorrichtung für die Auswechslung der Deckelendköpfe.

The invention will be further explained with reference to the figures.

FIG. 1

Schematic representation of the lid end head in the card

FIG. 2

Schematic representation of the lid end head on the sliding guide

FIG. 3

Bottom view lid end head

FIG. 4

Side view of lid end head

FIG. 5

Bottom view Lid end head with grooves for dirt removal

FIG. 6

Side view Lid end head with grooves for dirt removal

FIG. 7

Method and device for the replacement of the lid end heads.

Figure 1 shows how the Deckelendkopf cooperates with the flat rod and the slide on a card. The flat bar is formed by a hollow profile, a part is used as a receptacle for the lid end head. The lid end head (1) is pushed into the flat bar (8) until it stops. With the sliding surfaces 2, the lid end head together with the flat rod rests on the sliding guide (6) (this is shown from the side of the main drum in Figure 2.) It can be clearly seen that the sliding guide in the form of an arc follows the curvature of the drum.) The carding nip (12) is the distance between the clothing (11) of the flat rod and the clothing (10) of the drum (9). This should be massive.

Figures 3 and 4 show the lid end head in detail. A Deckelendkopf consists of several areas: the first area is responsible for the attachment with the flat bar (1), the second area consists of the actual head (5), which rests on the sliding guide and additionally shows corresponding sliding surfaces (2). One of the two areas could also additionally have a possibility for the attachment of the endless element, for example a recess (3) in the actual head.

Figure 5 and 6 shows the same Deckelendköpfe as Figure 3 and 4. In this example, but advantageously proposed according to the invention that the sliding surface has at least one, advantageously a plurality of cleaning grooves (4) These cleaning grooves have the task impurities, which reaches the sliding surface are to be carried away, or collected or discharged. The cleaning grooves are sized so that they can absorb enough dirt until they are brushed during the lid cleaning.

The cleaning grooves additionally have a sufficient depth, whereby sand grains or other contaminants have no further contact with the counter surface, ie the sliding guide. As a result, it is possible to remove the contaminants without damaging or scratching the sliding guide or the sliding surface of the lid end head. This ensures a uniform surface of the sliding guide and thus a uniform abrasion of the sliding surface.

For a firm hold of the lid head in the flat bar can according to the invention a profile (17) are attached to the fastening part of the Deckelendkopfes, for example, at least one longitudinal side, increased longitudinal stripes (see Figure 4 and 5, (17)). This profile has the task of lifting inaccuracies in the hollow profile of the flat bar by counterpressure and increases the clamping of the Deckelendkopfes in the flat bar.

• Anschlagblöcke (15 oder 16), deren Aufgabe es ist den Deckelstab in seiner Position zu fixieren während der Demontage oder Montage des Deckelendkopfes;
• eine Vorkehrung mit welcher der Deckelendkopf festgehalten werden kann, beispielsweise einen Halter der in die Aussparung (Figur 1, (3)) passt. Diese dient sowohl für die Montage als auch für die Demontage.
• eine Kolbe oder Zylindereinheit (13) die ein Kraft in die erforderlichen Richtung erzeugt, während eine der Anschlagblöcke ((15) für die Demontage und (16) für die Montage) für eine Gegenkraft sorgt.

Figure 7 shows schematically a device for the replacement of the lid end head. This device consists of

• Stop blocks (15 or 16), whose task is to fix the flat bar in position during disassembly or assembly of the Deckelendkopfes;
• a provision with which the lid end head can be held, for example, a holder which fits into the recess (Figure 1, (3)). This is used for both assembly and disassembly.
• a piston or cylinder unit (13) which generates a force in the required direction, while one of the stop blocks ((15) for disassembly and (16) for the assembly) provides for a counter force.

According to the invention, at least one stop block is needed.

Disassembly is carried out by the cylinder (13) is removed in the longitudinal direction of the flat bar, wherein the holder (14) holds the lid end head and this pulls out of the hollow profile. To make sure that the flat bar is not pulled, a stop block (15) blocks the way.
Assembly takes place in that the cylinder or piston (13), held with the new Deckelendkopf by the holder, moves in the direction of the flat bar and thereby pushes the Deckelendkopf in the hollow profile of the flat bar to the stop. The stop block (16) prevents in this case that the flat bar is not pushed away. Roundings according to the invention of the edges and appendages of the lid end head can simplify this process.

Legend

1. 1. Fastening part of the lid end head
2. 2. sliding surface of Deckelendkopfes
3. 3. recess for the attachment of the drive element
4. 4. Cleaning groove for dirt removal
5. 5. Lying part of the lid end head
6. 6. Sliding guide (also called flexible bend or flex bend)
7. 7. Guide grooves
8. 8. Flat bar
9. 9th drum
10. 10. Set the drum
11. 11. Garnish the flat bar
12. 12. carding nip
13. 13th cylinder
14. 14. Holder
15. 15. Stop block for disassembly
16. 16th stop block for assembly

Claims (32)

1. Flat end head with a mounting section (1) for the flat rod (8) and at least one sliding surface (2) for the movement on a sliding guide (6) of a card, characterized in that the flat end head (1,5) consists of polymer material.
2. Flat end head according to claim 1, characterized in that the flat end head (1,5) is made as a one-piece part.
3. Flat end head according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the flat end head (1,5) is manufactured by way of injection moulding technique.
4. Flat end head according to one or several of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mounting section (1) comprises an oblong component which can be slid into a mounting part of the flat rod (8).
5. Flat end head according to claim 4, characterized in that at least one longitudinal side of the mounting section (1) comprises an elevated profile (7).
6. Flat end head according to one or several of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sliding surface (2) comprises at least one cleaning groove (4).
7. Flat end head according to claim 6, characterized in that the cleaning groove (4) is arranged inclined in relation to the direction of travel, preferably at an angle of 30°.
8. Flat end head according to one or several of the preceding claims, characterized in that the polymer material is fibre-reinforced.
9. Flat end head according to claim 8, characterized in that for the fibre reinforcement at least one of the following fibres, that is, carbon fibres, aramid fibres are used.
10. Flat end head according to claim 9, characterized in that the portion of aramid fibres, in a fibre mixture, amounts to at least 10 weight percentages.
11. Flat end head according to claims 8, 9 or 10, characterized in that for the fibre reinforcement 5 to 60 weight percentages of synthetic material are used.
12. Flat end head according to claim 11, characterized in that for the fibre reinforcement 30 to 50 weight percentages of synthetic material are used.
13. Flat end head according to one or several of the preceding claims, characterized in that the polymer material is selected from a material of the group of the polyamides.
14. Flat end head according to claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the polymer material is selected from a material of the group of the polyoxymethylene.
15. Flat end head according to claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the polymer material is selected from a material of the group of the terephthalate.
16. Flat end head according to claim 15, characterized in that this polymer material is selected preferably from polyethyleneterephthalate or polybutylenterephthalate.
17. Flat end head according to claim 1 to 12, characterized in that the polymer material is selected from a material of the group of the polyetheretherketone.
18. Flat end head according to claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the polymer material is selected from a material of the group of the polyimides.
19. Flat end head according to claim 18, characterized in that this polymer material is selected from polyamidimide.
20. Flat end head according to one or several of the preceding claims, characterized in that the polymer material contains a solid lubricant.
21. Flat end head according to claim 20, characterized in that the solid lubricant consists of at least one of the following materials, that is, polytetrafluorethylene, graphite, polyethylene, molybdenum disulphide, polysiloxan.
22. Flat end head according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that the amount of solid lubricant amounts to 1 to 15 weight percentages.
23. Flat end head according to claim 22, characterized in that the amount of solid lubricant amounts to 5 to 12 weight percentages polytetrafluorethylene, graphite or polyethylene.
24. Flat end head according to claim 23, characterized in that the amount of solid lubricant amounts to 8 to 11 weight percentages polytetrafluorethylene, graphite or polyethylene.
25. Flat end head according to claim 22, characterized in that the amount of solid lubricant amounts to 1 to 3 weight percentages polysiloxan or molybdenum disulphide.
26. Card with a sliding guide (6) on which a multiplicity of flat rods (8) are led and which comprise two flat end heads (1, 5) each, which are connected with the flat rod (8) and which, during operation of the card, together with the flat rod (8), slide over the sliding guide (6), characterized in that the flat end head (1, 5) is formed according to one or several of the preceding claims.
27. Card according to claim 26, characterized in that the sliding guide (6) consists of a polymer material.
28. Card according to claims 26 or 27, characterized in that the sliding guide (6) contains a solid lubricant.
29. Device for the mounting and dismounting of the flat end heads (1, 5) which, in accordance with claims 1 to 25 are formed, on the flat rod (8), characterized in that said device is provided with means (14) to secure the flat end head (1, 5) according to claims 1 to 25, a means (13) in order to have a force act in the longitudinal direction of the flat bar axis and a means (15, 16) in order to fixedly position the flat rod (8).
30. Method for the mounting of the flat end heads (1, 5) which, in accordance with claim 1 to 25 are formed, on the flat rod (8) with a device according to claim 29, characterized in that the flat rod (8) is fixedly held, while a force pushes the flat end head (1, 5), which is secured, in the longitudinal direction into the flat rod (8), up to the stop.
31. Method for the dismounting of the flat end heads (1, 5) which, in accordance with claim 1 to 25 are formed, on the flat rod with a device according to claim 29, characterized in that the flat rod (8) is fixedly held, while a force pulls the flat end head (1, 5) in the longitudinal direction out of the flat rod (8).
32. Method according to claim 30, characterized in that the fastening of the flat end head (1, 5) with the flat rod (8) is formed by a press fit.

Images