EP1350870B1 - Device and metod for optimizing control values of a spinning mill machine - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a device for optimizing the regulation settings a spinning machine with a regulated drafting system, in particular a regulating line, a card or a combing machine. Likewise, the invention relates to a corresponding method and a Spinning machine.

A spinning machine with a regulated drafting system is for example the regulating line RSB-D 30 of the company Rieter, at the input the Dikkenschwankungen the incoming slivers by means of a mechanical Sampling (grooved roller / caliper roller) continuously measured and converted into electrical Signals is converted. The measured values become an electronic Memory with variable delay supplied. By the change the delay is achieved that the delay between center roll and delivery roller of the drafting system takes place at the exact moment to which the piece of tape previously measured by the pair of feeler rollers in the arrears located. The delay thus causes the corresponding piece of tape go through the distance between Tastwalzenpaar and default location can. When the piece of tape reaches the fictitious draw point in the default field, becomes the corresponding measured value through the electronic memory Approved. This distance between the location of the Tastwalzenpaares and Default location is called the rule place of application. Is the rule entry point reached, takes place depending on the measured value, a parking action of the control motor.

In particular, when changing to other fiber materials or lots are in regulating lines and generally in textile-processing spinning machines usually extensive optimizations necessary. On routes For example, the mechanical settings have to be optimized, i.e. the draft field lengths, the stresses, the top roll loads, the delivery speed etc .. But also the process controlled parameters must be set optimally again, in particular the control point, the Regulierintensität (gain of the control motor control), the required target strip fineness, i. the length-related strip thickness (in the actual Meaning the sensors measure the strip thickness; become colloquially the terms strip fineness and strip thickness are used as synonyms) and the correction values during slow running of the machine.

A way to determine at least the optimal regulatory intensity represents the so-called band test. This is intended to internal machine influences and Material-specific features independent of the regulation safe be detected. The band test is random and manual for determination correct regulation of thickness variations of or the slivers performed. Here is the normal number stretched fiber slivers (for example, six bands) stretched and at the same time their fluctuations are adjusted. After that, one of the template tapes taken away and the remaining bands adjusted so that the required belt fineness (in the unit "ktex", colloquially becomes also the term tape weight used) of the normal number of master tapes is reached. In a further step becomes the original one Number of slivers presented (in the example before, therefore 6 bands) added additional tape. The tapes are in turn adjusted so that also adhered to the tape count of the original number of bands becomes. From each of the three steps, specimens are defined in Length, e.g. each 25 m, taken and weighed. This approach is repeated several times to achieve statistically secured values. From the obtained mean values, which represent a three-point measurement, the deviations of the A% -values (A% = percentage band-width deviation) determined, the stretched out, regulated band. Of the is repeated until acceptable A% deviations (e.g., <0.1%). The procedure and the Basis of calculation are for the line RSB-D 30 from Rieter in of the brief instructions in section 2.31, section 3C / 100 to 3C-102.

The above-described band test is very material and time consuming. At the In addition, cost-effectiveness is no longer guaranteed when switching to small batches. In addition, the test conditions for critical fiber materials must be strictly adhered to. For example, it can be variable Room humidity come to the fact that the fiber material in different Measures moisture absorbs, resulting in the comparability of the test values can falsify. In DE 42 15 682 A1, although a solution for a automatic band test described in which a transient signal such as a thick spot for performing a band test online is presented. However, this method has the particular disadvantage that in a continuous rule movement the regulation parameters, ie in particular the control point and the regulation intensity, based on the measured values be affected at the output of the drafting system and thus an uninterrupted and thus not necessarily desired rule movement takes place, which causes unrest. In an alternative variant of DE 42 15 682 becomes the transient signal by temporary supply of a reserve band generated, and this method is correspondingly expensive.

Further elaborate adjustment of the regulatory parameters is necessary if the measured values of the belt weight sensor or belt thickness sensor at the drafting system inlet at defined slow speed of the machine normal delivery speed (in the range of today 800 - 1000 m / min) in Depending on the material properties must be corrected. In which previously described mechanical roller system at the drafting system inlet In fact, it has been found that the deflection of the feeler roller is speed-dependent is different. In addition, the penetration depth the touch roller depends on the type of fiber, even if they have the same fineness exhibit. Therefore, so far in the mentioned Rieter machine the so-called "adaptation fiber type" carried out (see short instructions for the above Route RSB-D 30 from Rieter under point 2.30, section 3C / 99), where the actual belt fineness at the drafting system outlet (also outlet belt fineness called) in slow speed of the machine with the actual belt fineness is compared at normal delivery speed. This will be the impact on the the drafting leaving fiber sliver by gravimetric Sorts checked, i. there will be a band sample of each e.g. 10 m length at normal delivery speed and then Slow speed (e.g., at 1/6 of normal delivery speed). From the result of the weight comparison, the operator on the basis of given guide values ("x% difference between the two actual belt finenesses roughly corresponds to a change in "fiber type adaptation" from y%) on an operator panel the correction of the measuring error in slow motion enter. Also this procedure is extremely time consuming and thus production-inhibiting and cost-intensive.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a device and a method of the type mentioned in such a way that a quick optimization of regulating parameters of spinning machinery and in particular of Regulierstrecken is feasible.

This object is achieved in a device or a method of the above mentioned type by the features of claim 1 and of claim 17 solved.

The invention offers the advantage that a faster optimization of the parameters for regulation - in particular regulatory intensity - and the dynamic behavior of the regulating lines, especially when changing batches and material change, is made possible. Likewise, it is possible erroneous measured values when starting the machine by calculation quickly detect and correct by means of the control and / or regulating unit. The required arithmetic unit or the necessary microprocessor can form a separate entity or in another, For example, a central processing unit in or the sensor array be integrated.

Advantageously, as the first drafting operation normal operation of the Drafting system used. By comparing the measured at the outlet Band thicknesses or band thickness fluctuations or Bandfeinheitsschwankungen in normal operation to those in the second, non-normal operation can extrapolated, such as large inherent material and / or machine internal Influences on the regulation are. If more accurate corrections desired are third and fourth, etc. drafting operations with in the evaluation be included, with the operation in these operations also corresponds to a non-normal operation (the corresponding Measuring point for normal operation was obtained in the first drafting operation).

It should be noted that it is also possible, not the normal operation as the first Draw drafting operation, but one of the at least second drafting operation different operation, for example, regulatory optimizations to find in special conditions.

The device according to the invention or the method can be advantageously Use in particular when the at least one sensor at the outlet of the drafting system delivers very high measuring accuracies. Most suitable is Here is a nearly ideal measuring sensor, the band thickness or their Variations at the drafting outlet with low error measures, for example with an error of not greater than 0.9%. Based on the very exact measured values at the drafting system outlet can then be adjusted to the regulation parameters for the drafting system. For such measurement requirements can especially and preferably a microwave sensor (see for example WO 00/12974) be used with cavity resonator at the drafting system output. In the event of a microwave sensor is called the measurement of the tape mass, instead of the strip thickness. If in the context of this invention therefore of "Band thickness" is mentioned, this falls in the case of a microwave sensor also the term "tape mass".

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the Add or remove a single template tape or a principle, any proportion of one or more master tapes simulated. This means that for the optimization of Reguliergüte the active (real) adding or removing a single template tape to the normally presented slivers can be omitted. Concrete becomes thus - in the Use of the invention - as at least second drafting operation the presentation of one or more slivers or non-integer ones Sliver portions in addition to or less than the actual amount Fiber slivers simulated.

The aforementioned simulation of the band test has the advantage that - in contrast For example, for the above-mentioned DE 42 15 682 A1 - the actual Band characteristic is not important. So it does not have to be a transient one Signal used in the template tapes or a reserve tape to perform the band test. Instead, one is enough for everyone Any time to perform simulation.

In such a simulation are advantageously to the variable speed drive the drafting system control signals given the electrical voltage the actual band thickness variations - determined from the signals of the at least one sensor arranged at the inlet - by the amount of tension according to the simulated, added or taken away Increase or decrease sliver volume. So if simulated, for example is that seven bands are submitted to the drafting system and it in Reality is only six bands are the corresponding drafting rollers controlled as if there were seven bands. The leaving the drafting and the drafting in his Cross-section measured band is thinner than that - without simulation - normal Regulated, where the control signal is the actual number of bands equivalent. For example, if the target belt fineness is 5 ktex at six submitted Bands should be the target belt fineness in a simulation of seven submitted bands 5 ktex * 5/6. Will the template of five Simulates tapes, the target belt fineness is 5 ktex * 7/6. The measured Actual belt finenesses are now preferred with the target belt fineness iteratively varying the regulation intensity until the actual band fineness substantially coincide with the desired belt finenesses. This means that the actual belt fineness deviation is very small; like next below, the actual belt fineness deviation becomes the calculation amount used. To be sure, therefore, the simulated Bassette test be repeated often until a sufficiently accurate Correspondence of actual and target values to the discontinued belt finenesses is present. It can be here for example Limits or accuracy values specified below which no further simulations are performed become.

With the corrected regulatory intensity, which is a factor, can then the characteristic of the control drive are corrected, in particular their Tilt. It should be noted that the characteristic also depends on the machine set delivery speed changed and advantageously is calculated or stored for the respective delivery speed.

The method of simulation of the band test will be described by way of example be made more explicit.

In the presentation of - assumed - several slivers measured by a sensor at the drafting inlet strip thickness variations m _i , which are composed of the average tape mass m _doubling and their fluctuations .DELTA.m _i determined and in electrical measurement signals U _i (composed of U _doubling and .DELTA.U _i ) converted. The measured signal components which represent the dynamic components ΔU _i are used for the regulation. The measurement signal of the mean band mass m _doubling corresponds to the so-called 0% adjustment (operating point).

For the simulation of adding a master tape, the electrical voltage U _doubling , which corresponds to the average tape mass, is increased, for example, by the DC amount ΔU _{+ 1Band} corresponding to the addition of one sliver. However, it may be advantageous to limit this increase, for example, to only the maximum occurring band thickness fluctuations, eg + 10%. If six tapes were presented, the addition of a tape would mean a corresponding tape fluctuation of 16.7%. When limited to the mentioned 10%, it is therefore not the simulation of a complete band that is simulated but only about 10 / 16.7 of a sliver. For the sake of simplicity, however, the simulation of the addition (and the removal, see below) of an entire band is assumed in the following.

When a tape is added simulaneously, the control drive receives control signals which correspond to the voltage ΔU _{i of} the actual band thickness variations plus the simulated additional DC amount of ΔU _{+ 1Band} . This results in a real dilution of the drawn sliver with respect to the target sliver count by a proportional amount ΔU _{+ 1Band} the DC amount.

For the determination of the percentage actual belt fineness deviations (A% _actual ) according to the calculation basis for the belt test, there are at least two independent calculation options. The first possibility is based on the formation of a desired quotient, which results from the following equation: A% Should = T Should .DELTA.U +1 tape - T N, D T N, D * 100

For the determination of the actual A% _actual value, a second equation is set up: A% is = A% Should - T Is .DELTA.U +1 tape - T N, D T N, D * 100

_{TSoll,ΔU +1Band} : Soll-Bandfeinheit infolge des simulierten hinzugenom. Bandes;

T _{Ist,ΔU +1Band} : Ist-Bandfeinheit infolge des simulierten hinzugenom. Bandes;

T _N,D : Ist-Bandfeinheit der normal verstreckten Faserbänder.

In this mean:

_{TSoll, .DELTA.U +1 band} : Target belt fineness due to the simulated added. tape;

T _{is, ΔU +1 band} : Actual band fineness due to simulated added. tape;

T _{N, D} : actual strip fineness of the normally drawn slivers.

Several values for the actual belt fineness per drafting system operation are preferred averaged, for example, three values each over a sliver length each 20 m. In the concrete example, this means that three Values for six slivers (without simulation) and three values for seven Slivers (six real presented and one additionally simulated) measured and in each case the arithmetic mean is formed.

With the aid of equation (2), the actual value of the associated A% value can then be calculated. If this actual value is above a limit value, the regulation intensity is preferably changed and preferably the simulated band test is carried out again. In addition, one or more other tape templates can be simulated, for example, the removal of a tape to calculate the associated A% _actual value. In principle, however, it is possible to carry out the simulation only for one situation or only for a second drafting unit operation (addition or removal of a sliver or sliver portion) and to compare the result preferably with that for the actually presented slivers. Regardless of how many different drafting operations the measurements are carried out, it is preferable to iteratively calculate the A _actual % value for the at least two drafting operations and, if necessary, then change the regulation intensity to obtain the corresponding A _actual % at these new conditions. Value until it has fallen below a predetermined limit and thus the corrected Regulierintensität, ie the optimal setting is found.

A second, alternative possibility for calculating the actual A _actual % value is based first on the conversion of the actual belt fineness measured at the outlet of the drafting system as a result of the simulated addition of a belt, ie T _{Ist, ΔU +1 band} to the quotients T _{N, D} / T _{target, ΔU +1 band} : T Is .DELTA.U +1 Band converted = T U = T Is .DELTA.U +1 tape * T N, D T Should .DELTA.U +1 tape

The A% value is determined according to the following relationship: A% is = T U - T N, D T N, D * 100

For the simulation of the removal of a master tape, the electrical voltage U _doubling , which corresponds to the average tape _{mass, is} reduced by the DC _amount ΔU- _{1 band} . In this way, the control drive receives control signals which correspond to the signals .DELTA.U _{i of} the actual Banddikkenschwankungen and the simulated Gleichspannungsbetrages of _{.DELTA.U -1Band} . This results in a thickening of the stretched sliver with respect to the target belt fineness by a proportional amount to the DC amount ΔU- _{1 band} , for example + 10%.

The calculations of the actual A% values (A% _actual ) are expediently carried out according to equation (2) or (4), whereby the corresponding belt finenesses, advantageously averaged over a plurality of measurements, are to be taken into account. In a preferred procedure, the belt fineness in a simulation of an additional sliver (second drafting operation) and the belt fineness in a simulation of a taken-away sliver (third drafting operation) and in normal operation (first drafting operation) is measured. In this case, mean values are preferably determined via, for example, three measurements each time. Based on, for example, equation (2), the A _actual % values for the larger or the lower number of fiber ribbons are calculated from these - possibly averaged - belt finenesses. If these A _Is% values have different signs on, which is equivalent to over-regulation in the one case and a lower regulation in the other case, advantageously the average value (as well as the conventional belts test in accordance with said short instructions at point 2.31 portion 3C / 101 is described). The regulation intensity is then preferably changed in an iterative process until this mean value and / or the two _actual values fall below predetermined limit values.

A calculation unit is required to calculate the A% values. The Carrying out the automated or automatic tape test by means of Simulation is done in a preferred variant before a lot change. Alternatively or additionally, the simulated band test is performed at defined time intervals and / or when a particular event occurs, for example with drift of the A% value above a predefined drift limit value, simulated.

In a second advantageous embodiment of the invention may erroneous Measured values at slow speed of the machine, i. especially when starting up and when stopping, be corrected without the above-described "Adaptation fiber type" be carried out by laborious laboratory testing got to. In general, the optimal regulating parameters are a function of the Delivery speed below a certain delivery speed not known. When using, for example, a groove / Tastwalzenpaares on Enema are at slower machine running (starting and stopping the machine) Messwertverfälschungen due to the higher production speeds different Eininkverhaltens the feeler roller in the one or more fiber slivers presented the consequence. Only at higher delivery speeds, in extreme cases only when the final delivery speed is reached, can one of a constancy of the regulation parameters out. It is therefore measurements when starting and stopping the machine from which the optimal regulatory parameters at least can be extrapolated or estimated. These are measurements with the aid of the at least one sensor at the drafting system outlet at least two speeds required. Advantageously, this is a speed at a defined slow speed of the machine (= second drafting operation), for example 1/6 of the operating speed, and the operating speed (= first drafting system operation) itself. At both speeds, the slivers presented are stretched and regulated. The respective produced belt finenesses be in the outlet of the Regulierstrecke using the at least one sensor detected and optionally in deviation of the belt fineness is the "Adaptation fiber type" preferably automatically made such that the Regulation the erroneous measurement results of the at least one sensor at drafting system inlet at slow speed compared to normal operation (= Fast) compensates. For this purpose, for example, a correction factor determines the processor and with this factor the measurement error in comparison Normal operation reduced speed operation corrected.

Instead of the aforementioned two-point measurement, i. Measurement in a defined Slow speed and normal operation, it is of course also possible, measured values for several others, compared to normal operation advantageously to use reduced speeds, thus the accuracy of the correlation or function between optimal regulation parameters and to increase delivery speed. For example, you can For this purpose, several operating states of the drafting system during startup and / or when stopping the spinning machine with respect to the normal operation slower delivery speed are used. Today's Speed of the processors makes it possible, when booting or stopping the machine the said function course by recording very close to many measurement points.

The results of the simulated band test and the "adaptation fiber type" can be stored electronically to be more similar at repetition Conditions to access them. However, the simplicity and makes Speed of the solution according to the invention such a procedure not indispensable. In this case, for example, only a plausibility check carried out.

Instead of an automatic setting is the optimal regulation parameters also a manual adjustment or correction of this or individual parameters possible. In this case, the machine preferably suggests these setting values before and the operator can then, for example, at a corresponding Adjust operator panel, preferably with a display device combined. In another alternative, first of the Machine carried out a plausibility check and with positive result the optimization of the or the regulation parameters are made automatically. Alternatively, after a positive plausibility check, the operator becomes one optimized machine setting proposed. The operator can also yourself - additionally or alternatively - carry out such a plausibility check, either because of his experience and / or with the help of a control sheet or similar ..

Advantageous developments of the invention are characterized by the features of the subclaims characterized.

Figur 1

eine Schaltungsanordnung einer Regulierstrecke gemäß der Erfindung;

Figur 2a, 2b

eine Veranschaulichung des Bändertests gemäß dem Stand der Technik und gemäß der Erfindung, wobei die jeweiligen Spannungssignale am Einlaufsensor und am Auslaufsensor dargestellt sind;

Figur 3a, 3b

die Simulation der Hinzunahme bzw. der Wegnahme eines Faserbandes, durch Anlegen einer entsprechenden Spannung einerseits am Eingang des FIFO-Speichers und andererseits hinter dem FIFO-Speicher sowie die daraus resultierenden, mit einem Auslaufsensor gemessenen Ist-Bandfeinheiten;

Figur 4

einen Graphen mit den Soll-Bandfeinheiten mit und ohne simuierte Faserbandanteile in Abhängigkeit der Soll-Bandfeinheit-Abweichungen (A%_Soll);

Figur 5

eine Darstellung der zu korrigierenden Fehler am Einlaufsensor bei langsamen Liefergeschwindigkeiten, und

Figur 6

eine Korrektur der genannten Fehler durch eine automatische "Anpassung Faserart".

In the following the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to FIGS. Show it:

FIG. 1

a circuit arrangement of a Regulierstrecke according to the invention;

Figure 2a, 2b

an illustration of the band test according to the prior art and according to the invention, wherein the respective voltage signals at the inlet sensor and the outlet sensor are shown;

Figure 3a, 3b

the simulation of the addition or removal of a sliver, by applying a corresponding voltage on the one hand at the input of the FIFO memory and on the other hand behind the FIFO memory and the resulting, measured with a leakage sensor actual Bandfeinheiten;

FIG. 4

a graph with the target belt fineness with and without simulated sliver parts as a function of the target belt fineness deviations (A% _target );

FIG. 5

a representation of the errors to be corrected at the inlet sensor at slow delivery speeds, and

FIG. 6

a correction of said error by an automatic "adaptation fiber type".

FIG. 1 schematically shows an exemplary control principle of a regulating section 1 shown. At the entrance of the track 1, the band thickness of incoming slivers 2- in this case six slivers 2 - mechanically detected with a groove / Tastwalzenpaar 3, which a funnel 18 for Merging the slivers 2 is connected upstream. After passing the Groove / Tastwalzenpaares 3, the slivers 2 are again spread to to enter the drafting system. The measured values of the inlet sensor Grooved / Tastwalzenpaares 3 are of a signal converter 4 in electrical Voltage values converted to one as FIFO (First-In-First-Out) trained memory 5 are supplied. The FIFO memory 5 outputs the Measuring voltage - with support of a pulse generator 6 - with defined time delay to a setpoint level 7 on. The FIFO memory 5 and the setpoint level 7 are part of a regulatory computer 17 (in dotted border). The setpoint level 7 also receives from a Leittacho 9 a control voltage, which is a measure of the speed of the lower, driven by a main motor 8 roller of a delivery roller pair 22 is. Subsequently, in the setpoint stage 7, a setpoint voltage calculated and passed on to a control and / or regulating unit 10. In the control and / or regulating unit 10 takes place a desired actual value comparison. The associated actual values come from a control motor 11, which they transmitted to an actual value speedometer 12, which in turn the corresponding Actual voltage to the control and / or regulating unit 10 passes. The setpoint-actual value comparison in the control unit 10 is used to the control motor 11 a very specific, the desired delay change to give the appropriate speed. The control motor 11 is with a Connected planetary gear 13, in which also the main motor 8 drives. By means of the planetary gear 13, the rotational speed of the lower roller of a Input roller pair 20 and the lower roller of a pair of center rollers 21 changed so that a band equalization at constant speeds of the delivery roller pair 22 (constant delivery speed) takes place. The fiber fleece or slivers therefore become on the one hand in the delay zone between the input roller pair 20 and the middle roller pair 21 and on the other hand in the main drafting area (in the normal spot) between the middle roller pair 21 and the delivery roller pair 22 warped. Also, the groove / Tastwalzenpaar 3 is driven by means of the motors 8, 11.

As a controlled variable is the measured at the groove / Tastwalzenpaar 3 (inlet sensor) Strip thickness. Due to the sliver transport of the groove / Tastwalzenpaar 3 to the drafting system - consisting of the entrance, middle and Delivery roller pair 20, 21, 22 - is calculated a dead time, which is the Delay time in the FIFO memory 5 corresponds. The theoretically calculated Dead time is taking into account the dynamic drive of the control motor 11 and the associated drive train always corrected. The Speed for the control motor 11 as a manipulated variable is the control and / or Control unit 10 is determined, in which case the actual strip thickness of the sliver, the nominal value of the strip thickness (as reference variable) and the speeds of the Main motor 8 and the control motor 11 are processed. By the proportional Superimposition of the rotational speeds of the main motor 8 and the control motor 11 and taking into account the mentioned dead time, the tape thickness in the drafting system in the Regeleinsatzpunkt, which between the middle and Delivery roller pair 21, 22 is located, regulated.

Inventive component of the exemplary, presented Regelierstrecke is at least one very precise measuring tape thickness sensor 30 am Outlet of the drafting system, which in the embodiment shown a Band funnel 19 is connected downstream. Such a sensor 30 may, for example by means of microwaves very precisely the band thickness fluctuations or Bandmasseschvankungen of the drafting leaving fiber sliver 2 'measure. Other measuring principles with high precision are also possible, for example based on capacitive, optical, acoustic and / or mechanical measuring methods. The at least one sensor 30 is according to an embodiment of Figure 1 (solid lines) with the interposition of a measured value memory 15 with a in the regulation computer 17 arranged computing unit 14 (or microprocessor) connected, which in turn connected to the setpoint level 7 is. In another, also shown in Figure 1 alternative (dashed Connecting lines), the sensor 30 with the interposition of a Data memory 15 'with a separate computing unit 14' (or microprocessor) which in turn is connected to the regulation computer 17 and Here, in particular, with the setpoint level 7 is in communication. The arithmetic unit 14 'and the memory 15' can in a computer 17 'for the Band monitoring be integrated, the in Figure 1 in dotted border is shown. Alternatively, in the at least one sensor 30 itself a computing unit with a measured value memory (not shown) integrated be.

By means of the at least one sensor 30 is in particular a simulated Band test possible. In this case, the control and / or regulating unit 10 becomes momentary a voltage - for example via the arithmetic unit 14 or the Arithmetic unit 14, by the setpoint stage 7 or by a in the shown Embodiment not provided central computer - given, the addition or removal of a volume or share one or more of the drafting device presented slivers 2 corresponds. These voltage signals become those of real voltage signals superimposed, for example, in the signal converter 4 from the mechanical Signals of the groove / Tastwalzenpaares 3 are converted. The tax and / or Control unit 10 outputs the superimposed voltage signals corresponding Control signal to the control motor 11 so that it has a corresponding Delay of the now in the form of a spread fiber fleece present fibrous bands 2 causes.

By means of the at least one sensor 30, which according to the above Requirement to measure very precisely, can now be checked whether and as the addition and / or removal of sliver portions their precipitation in the appropriately regulated nonwoven or sliver 2 'has found. This evaluation is performed according to the two in FIG 1 illustrated alternatives by means of the arithmetic unit 14 or the arithmetic unit 14 'made. If the verification shows that the regulatory intensity, So the gain of the control motor control, not optimally adjusted is, this is changed, preferably due to the calculation result by a corresponding command from the arithmetic unit 14 or the Arithmetic unit 14 'to the control and / or regulating unit 10 causes. Prefers then this automatic or simulated band test is at least done once again to adjust the adjusted regulatory intensity check and if necessary further optimize (iteratively). The intermediate results can be written in a memory 16 or 16 'and read out again which is in communication with the arithmetic unit 14 or 14 '. Also In the memory 16 or 16 ', the different determined factors can be determined Regulator intensity in possibly different simulated drafting operations stored and then from this one - possibly weighted - Average or average value are determined, preferably with the help the arithmetic unit 14 or 14 '.

Thus, the previously performed by consuming laboratory testing band test by the addition and / or removal of sliver proportions be simulated. The simulations or the adjustments become more precise the regulatory intensity, if both the addition and the Removal of sliver proportions is simulated and possibly several each Measuring points (simulation of different sliver portions) be recorded.

Within the terminology of this invention, as "simulated Bändernest "designated mode preferred the normal drafting operation referred to as the first drafting operation and the additional overlay by voltage signals from simulated added and / or removed Sliver shares as second, third, fourth, etc. Drafting operation. Will only be an extra positive or negative voltage carried out according to a simulated sliver share, in addition the first drafting operation only the second drafting operation for Optimization of regulatory intensity used. Advantageously but both the addition and the removal of a sliver or a sliver portion simulated.

In Figures 2a and 2b, the previous procedure in the band test and the simulated band test according to the invention again compared. In FIG. 2, "A" in the left half of the picture is the original of six Slivers 2 - according to normal operation - as well as the template of five or seven real slivers 2 and the corresponding am Run-in sensor 3 measured voltage signals reproduced. The regulation of the drafting system is set so that the measured voltage signal at the outlet sensor 30 - reproduced at "B" in the right Half of the picture - and thus the belt fineness of the resulting sliver 2 ' ideally always the same.

In contrast, in the simulated band test according to the invention (FIG 2b), the real presented number of slivers 2 constant, for example six slivers with each about 5 ktex, so that the measuring voltage on Inlet sensor 3 fluctuates around a correspondingly narrow measuring range, s. "A" in the left half of the picture. With the outlet sensor 30, however, are different Belt finenesses according to the actually presented sliver number plus or minus the simulated sliver shares, s. "B" in the right half of the picture. The middle graph is among the six submitted Slivers 2 without simulation components, the two overlying Graphs to an additional simulation of 10 / 16.7 or one complete taken away sliver (corresponding to 10% and 16.7% target band weight deviation). The two lower measuring curves correspond an additional simulation of 10 / 16.7 or a completely added one Sliver (corresponding to -10% or -16.7% target belt weight deviation). Overall, therefore, in the present case simulations at five carried out various drafting operations, advantageously per drafting system averaging made from several measurements become. For example, three or four times 20 are used per drafting operation Measure the band and average the results. The measured values for the respective Measurements are preferably buffered in the memory 15 or 15 ' and then for the averaging and further processing of the arithmetic unit 14 or 14 'provided.

In FIG. 3a, the simulated addition and in FIG. 3b the simulated removal a sliver to the actually presented sliver number shown in two alternatives each. The left, shown in broken lines Y-axis represents the control motor 11 predetermined control voltage and the right, solid y-axis with the outlet sensor 30 measured actual belt fineness. The control voltage is normal Normal operation approx. 0 V (in the case of the unillustrated use of individual drives on the other hand, the control voltage would not be 0 in normal operation V). The respective associated graphs are also dashed or solid shown. In one of the two alternatives, the additional or removed sliver by applying a corresponding Control voltage pulse in the amount of approximately additional +0.7 V or -0.7 V am Input of the FIFO memory 5 can be realized, s. Voltage jump at "1". Because of the aforementioned dead time or delay time in the memory 5 ("FIFO length") the waste in a simulated additional sliver (FIG 3a) or the corresponding increase in a simulated taken away Sliver (Figure 3b) only with the appropriate delay (traversed Distance of the bands 2 from the sensor 3 to the Regeleinsatzpunkt accordingly the FIFO length plus the distance traveled from the control point to the outlet sensor 30) is registered by the sensor 30.

This is different when the simulation voltages are also possible at the output of the FIFO memory 5 (or at the input or output of Setpoint level 7 or at the input of the control and / or regulating unit 10) - s. respective voltage jump at "2" -, due to the short path between the drafting and the outlet sensor 30, the corresponding Received signal with only a short delay at the output of the outlet sensor 30 becomes.

In the time interval designated "evaluation" in each case, measuring points are recorded on the sensor 30, for example every cm a measuring point over a band distance of 20 m. The averaged value gives the actual belt fineness T _{actual, ΔU + 1Band} or T _{actual, ΔU-1Band,} cf. Equation (2). As stated above, the measurements are advantageously repeated at each operating point or drafting unit operation, and then an average value for the actual belt finenesses is further processed on the basis of scattering of the measurement results.

The principle of the simulated tape test using the example of a six-fold doubling is explained below with reference to FIG. 4, taking into account the above equations (1) and (2). It is assumed in this case that five, possibly averaged, measured values corresponding to five different drafting equipment operations are recorded to produce a function which represents the desired belt finenesses as a function of the target belt fineness deviations (A% _target ). The actual strip fineness of the resulting sliver 2 'during the stretching of six slivers 2 without simulation (T _{N, D} ) should ideally be 5 ktex in the present case. The target belt fineness A% _target due to a simulated additional sliver (T _{target, ΔU + 1} belt) is calculated to be 5 * 5/6 = 4.167, so that according to equation (1) A% _target = -16.7%. According to the example of FIG. 4, the removal of a fiber sliver (A% _target = 16.7%) and the addition of a sliver component corresponding to A% _target = -10% and the removal of a sliver component corresponding to A% _target = 10% simulated. Accordingly, in FIG. 4, the nominal belt finenesses T _{setpoint are} plotted against the set belt fineness deviations (A% _setpoint ).

In principle, the target belt finenesses T _target according to FIG. 4 are compared with the actual belt finenesses T _actual according to FIG. 2b. Calculated are calculated using equation (2) using the A% _setpoint values from the figure 4, the A% _actual values for the second, third, etc. drafting operation and from this an average value using equation (2). Subsequently, the Regulierintensität the drafting system is changed and in turn the measurements of the corresponding actual Bandfeinheiten (proportional to the measured voltages at the outlet sensor) carried out until the associated A% _actual value falls below a certain predetermined limit.

By means of the device according to the invention is also preferably a correction the Meßwertverfälschung the inlet sensor 3, i. the drafting system upstream sensor, at slow delivery speeds, in particular so when starting and when stopping the machine, possible. The first Drafting operation corresponds to the normal operation of the machine at the usual high delivery speeds (in the range of today 800 - 1000 m / min), the second drafting operation, however, the slow speed. Especially with mechanically scanning inlet sensors, such as in the Figure groove / Tastwalzenpaar 3 shown, is the penetration depth of the probe element in the presented slivers 2 of the speed These bands dependent, so that there are Meßverfälschungen that for to correct the slow speed.

In Figure 5, this fact is shown in more detail. The at the inlet sensor 3 measured strip fineness (solid graph) and the outlet sensor 30 measured belt fineness (dashed graph) are for starting, the Normal operation and stopping the machine shown. The whole Strip fineness of here six submitted slivers should be constant 30 ktex This value is measured during normal operation of the machine. When starting and stopping the machine, the rollers of the groove / Tastwalzenpaares 3 penetrate deeper into these six bands, so that a Lower measured belt fineness results than in normal operation. This situation equals the registration of a thin spot. Accordingly more strip material is delivered to the drafting system, to a uniform To get sliver. As a consequence, at the outlet sensor 30 is a thicker Sliver measured. This error has to be corrected according to the invention, without the laboratory tests would be necessary.

This correction can be made according to the invention, by at one or more, opposite to which also called fast-running Normal operation of the machine slower drafting operations the respective produced strip fineness by means of the at least one outlet sensor 30 are detected. In the embodiment of FIG 6 are three measuring points at different slow delivery speeds and a measuring point at a delivery speed, from which no measurement error has occurred at the inlet sensor 4 more. Preferably Here, too, averages over several measurements under the same conditions carried out. The dashed line illustrates the curve, if measuring points were recorded at each delivery speed.

With the aid of the arithmetic unit 14 or the arithmetic unit 14 'according to the alternative embodiments in Figure 1, the measured values are evaluated to which deviations the belt finenesses measured at the outlet sensor 30 have at the different delivery speeds. at Deviation of the belt fineness is the so-called "adaptation fiber type" according to the invention preferably automatically made such that the regulatory computer 17 the falsifying results of the at least one Inlet sensor 3 at the slow speed or runs compared to normal operation (= Fast-running) compensates by correcting the registered measuring signals and thus the control motor 11 is driven accordingly. For this a correction factor or a correction function is advantageously determined, for example, by the arithmetic unit 14 or by the arithmetic unit 14 ', and thus the measurement error reduced compared to the normal operation Speed operation corrected. The correction factor or the correction function can be stored in the memory 16 or 16 'or be.

FIG. 6 shows by way of example how such a correction function works can be determined. The four measuring points are each with straight lines connected, resulting in a (non-continuous) function. The values The correction function can then be used when starting or stopping the machine be assigned to the current delivery speed to the Control motor 11 to control accordingly. In a simple alternative only one measuring point is recorded at a low delivery speed (according to the prior art, in which, however, gravimetric Laboratory weighings are carried out on the stretched sliver) and this measuring point with the measuring point at that delivery speed, from which no measurement error occurs at the inlet sensor, approximated by a single straight line. This line then provides a correction factor. Instead of such linear approximations, it is also possible To connect the measuring points with a continuous function, which improves the accuracy the correction can be increased. In the figure 6 is also shown that the resulting sliver with the inventive Correction has a substantially constant belt fineness of 5 ktex (solid graph).

In an alternative regulation system (not shown) is a planetary gear waived. Rather, individual drives are used. The drive the lower inlet and the lower center roller takes place here preferably directly through a separate control motor. For the exact synchronization of the main motor used for the delivery roller drive with a fixed Speed is operated, and the control motor provides a default computer. The speed ratio of the two motors determines the delay. Also in this Reguliersystem the described invention can be correspondingly deploy.

Before and / or after execution of each optimization level or also on Conclusion of optimizing the regulation settings can be achieved Results are confirmed by the user, e.g. on a machine display or a display device 25, which according to the one shown in FIG Embodiment connected to the regulatory computer 17 is. The double arrow between the regulation computer 17 and the display device 25 illustrates that, on the one hand, data from the regulatory computer 17 can be transmitted to the display device 25 and that on the other hand at the Anzeieinnrichtung 25, for example, a touch panel arranged is to transmit commands to the regulation computer 17. Therefore In particular, the determined values can be subjected to a plausibility check be subjected to the user. In an alternative, the display device and an input device arranged separately from each other.

After the optimizations, an automatic can change is preferred introduced at the outlet, so that in the subsequent to be filled cans only an optimally stretched over its entire length sliver is filed. In addition, the machine display is preferred Note that the test material is to be removed.

In summary, the invention thus enables in particular that one of the band test can be largely automated. On the other hand becomes a method to correct the tape error during startup and stop as well as in the defined slow speed of a Regulierstrecke against the Operating speed depending on the fiber materials to be processed proposed. The processes take place in a preferred manner Variant fully automatic. Especially after a game change First, the mechanical parameters are optimized and the achievement of the Wait for desired belt fineness before - preferably in this order - made the "adaptation fiber type" and the simulated band test becomes. The rule insert point can - preferably subsequently - be determined via the CV values, as for example in EP 803 596 B1 is described.

The invention has been described with reference to a regulating section. She lets herself but also on a card or combing machine with one Insert regulator drafting system. Likewise, the invention in a Carding machine or a combing machine with a downstream track with one Regulierstreckwerk find use.

Claims (25)

1. A device for optimising the regulation settings of a spinning machine (1) with a regulated drafting machine, in particular an autodrafter (1), a carding engine or combing machine to which one or more slivers (2) are continuously fed, with at least one sensor (3) prior to the drafting machine to measure values relating to the thickness of the incoming sliver or slivers (2), with at least one outlet sensor (30) at the outlet of the drafting machine to measure values relating to the thickness of the resulting sliver (2') in a first mode of operation of the drafting machine, as well as in at least a second, defined mode of operation of the drafting machine, where the second mode of operation of the drafting machine is not the normal operation of the drafting machine, having a computation unit (14; 14') for comparison of the values acquired by the at least one outlet sensor (30) in the at least two modes of operation of the drafting machine, and with a control and/or regulation unit (10) for adjusting the regulation settings on the basis of the machine properties that affect the measured values and/or the properties of the sliver material.
2. A device according to Claim 1, wherein the normal operation of the drafting machine can be used as the first mode of operation of the drafting machine, with the usual high feed speeds used in sliver production.
3. A device according to one of the foregoing claims, wherein the at least one outlet sensor (30) is a microwave sensor.
4. A device according to one of the foregoing claims wherein as an at least second operation mode of the drafting machine the temporary presence of one or more slivers or non-integral sliver components can be simulated as being added to or subtracted from the slivers that are actually present (2) ("simulated sliver test"), in order in particular to correct the amplification factor for the drafting machine regulation (regulation intensity).
5. A device according to Claim 4 wherein voltage control signals can be provided by means of the control and/or regulation unit (10) to the variable speed drive (11) of the drafting machine, corresponding to the simulated added or removed sliver components, and are added to or subtracted from the electrical voltage signals (U_i) that correspond to the actual sliver thickness variations determined by the at least one inlet sensor (3) preceding the drafting machine.
6. A device according to Claim 4 or 5 wherein a computation unit (14; 14') is able to calculate the actual A% value from the set sliver thickness and the actual measured sliver thickness when the addition and/or removal of sliver components is being simulated (which is the second mode of drafting machine operation) and the actual sliver thickness when drafting the real number of slivers (which is the first mode of drafting machine operation without simulation).
7. A device according to Claim 6 wherein, when measuring only in a first and in a second mode of drafting machine operation, the regulation intensity can be adjusted automatically or manually until the actual A% value has reached a minimum or has fallen below a specified value.
8. A device according to Claim 6 wherein, when measuring in more than two modes of operation of the drafting machine, the regulation intensity can be adjusted automatically or manually until the actual A% value, or a mean of these actual values, has reached a minimum or has fallen below a specified value.
9. A device according to one of Claims 1 to 3 wherein as an at least second mode of drafting machine operation, a slow-running mode can be used in which, in contrast with normal operation (i.e. the first mode of drafting machine operation) the feed rate is slower ("fibre type adjustment").
10. A device according to Claim 9 wherein differences between the measured actual sliver thickness at the outlet to the drafting machine in the at least second mode of drafting machine operation in comparison with the first mode of drafting machine operation can be converted to an appropriate control of the variable speed drive (11) in the second mode of drafting machine operation, so that the measured actual sliver thicknesses at the drafting machine outlet for the first and the second modes of drafting machine operation are very similar, or that their difference is less than a specified threshold.
11. A device according to Claim 9 or 10 wherein in one or more test runs a computation unit (14; 14') can determine one or more correction factors and/or a correction function and save it in a memory (16; 16'), which in subsequent slow-running operation, in particular when starting up and stopping the spinning machine, can be used to control the variable speed motor (11).
12. A device according to one of the foregoing claims wherein a comparison between the at least first and second modes of operation of the drafting machine can be carried out at a batch change, at previously specified intervals and/or when pre-defined events occur.
13. A device according to one of the foregoing claims wherein it is possible to initiate a change of can at the machine outlet after the optimised machine adjustments in accordance with the foregoing claims.
14. A device according to one of the foregoing claims wherein the adjustment of the regulation settings can be carried out automatically or by means of manual adjustment performed by an operative at the machine.
15. A device according to one of the foregoing claims wherein a display unit (25) is provided on the machine to indicate whether and/or which adjustments to the regulation settings should be carried out on the basis of the machine properties that influence the measured values and/or the sliver material properties.
16. A spinning machine, in particular an autodrafter (1), carding engine or combing machine, including a device according to one of foregoing claims.
17. A procedure for optimising the regulation settings of a spinning machine (1) with a regulated drafting machine, in particular an autodrafter (1), a carding engine or combing machine, comprising the following steps:

    one or more slivers (2) are continually fed to the drafting machine;

    values for the thickness of the sliver or slivers (2) are acquired at the inlet to the drafting machine with the aid of at least one sensor (3);

    at the outlet to the drafting machine at least one outlet sensor (30) is used to obtain values for the thickness of the resulting sliver (2') in a first mode of drafting machine operation, and in at least a second, defined mode of drafting machine operation, where the second mode of drafting machine operation is not the normal operation of the drafting machine and

    the values acquired from the at least two modes of drafting machine operation are compared in a computation unit (14; 14') in order to make adjustments to the regulation settings on the basis of the machine properties and/or sliver material properties that affect the measured values.
18. A procedure according to Claim 17 wherein as the at least second mode of operation of the drafting machine, the temporary presence of one or more slivers or non-integral sliver components is simulated as being added to or subtracted from the slivers that are actually present

    (2) ("simulated sliver test"), in order in particular to correct the amplification factor for the drafting machine regulation (regulation intensity).
19. A procedure according to Claim 18 wherein voltage control signals are temporarily supplied to the variable speed drive (11) of the drafting machine, corresponding to the simulated sliver components that have been added or removed, and which are added to or subtracted from the electrical voltage signals (U_i) that correspond to the actual sliver thickness variations and are acquired by the at least one inlet sensor (3) located at the inlet.
20. A procedure according to Claim 18 or 19 wherein a computation unit (14; 14') calculates the actual A% value from the set sliver thickness and the actual measured sliver thickness in the case of the simulation of the addition and/or removal of sliver components (which is the second mode of drafting machine operation) and the actual sliver thickness when drafting the real number of slivers (which is the first mode of drafting machine operation without simulation).
21. A procedure according to Claim 20 wherein the regulation intensity is adjusted automatically or manually until the actual A% value (when measuring only in the first and in the second modes of drafting machine operation) or the actual A% value or a mean of these actual values (when measuring in more than two modes of drafting machine operation) has reached a minimum value or has fallen below a specified threshold.
22. A procedure according to Claim 17 wherein the at least second mode of drafting machine operation is a mode in which the feed velocity is lower than that of normal operation (i.e. the first mode of drafting machine operation), and that the measured values for the actual sliver thickness for the at least second mode of drafting machine operation can be corrected through appropriate control of the variable speed motor (11) in such a way that the measured actual sliver thickness for the first and the second modes of drafting machine operation are very similar, or that they difference is less than a specified threshold ("fibre type adjustment").
23. A procedure according to Claim 22 wherein the correction is carried out for different feed speeds, lower than that of normal operation.
24. A procedure according to one of Claims 17 to 23 wherein a comparison between the at least first and second modes of operation of the drafting machine is carried out at a batch change, at previously specified intervals and/or when pre-defined events occur.
25. A procedure according to one of Claims 17 to 24 wherein a change of can is initiated at the machine outlet after carrying out the optimised machine adjustments in accordance with the foregoing claims.

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