EP1342959B2 - Device for shielding an opening in a refuse processing plant - Google Patents

Abstract

Device comprises at least two core air jet nozzles (6) arranged in different edge regions of an opening and connected to an air blower (1). The outlet openings of the core air jet nozzles are directed in the direction of the opening so that the core air jets (9) produced by the core air jet nozzles are directed through the opening into the refuse depot from different directions at an angle of 1-60degrees. Preferred Features: The core air jets produced by the core air jet nozzles are directed through the opening into the refuse depot at an angle of 15-35degrees. Two core air jet nozzles are arranged on opposite-lying or adjacent sides of the opening.

Description

The invention relates to a combination according to the preamble of claim 1. It thus relates to a combination of a building for waste treatment or waste utilization or from a warehouse for waste collection or waste disposal on the one hand, and a device for shielding openings of the building, in particular of gates or Doors of the building on the other hand. The building may in particular also be a composting plant, waste recycling plant, waste incineration plant or a landfill bunker, which will also be referred to as waste landfills in the following description. The device for shielding openings can be provided in particular at unloading, task or Aufnahmebunkem or other facilities for delivery, transport and storage of waste.

When shielding such facilities or landfills is to be considered especially that they are regularly frequented by approaching vehicles. According to the thirtieth ordinance for the implementation of the German Federal Immission Control Act, it is stipulated that the emission of dust and odor of the substances stored in the landfill during vehicle dumping operations must be prevented to the outside. For this purpose, the said Implementing Regulation provides for the arrangement of building locks at the landfill areas.

This means that a loaded vehicle must first retract back into the lock, then closes the front lock gate and only then opens the actual landfill bunker gate. This procedure is associated with a considerable amount of work and time.

During the Abkippvorganges the vehicles often have to run their internal combustion engines at high speed in order to keep the vehicle-internal hydraulics functional here. This means that the driver of such a vehicle in the lock permanently exposed to an ongoing risk of poisoning by exhaust gases (CO ₂ ) and by entering the lock chamber landfill emissions.

In order to avoid this health hazard and not to exceed the so-called MAK values, would have to be installed in Vorschleusenbereich very powerful and thus costly ventilation systems to protect the driver from poisoning by sufficient room flushing with fresh air.

Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a structurally simple, inexpensive to manufacture and easy to handle device on a building of the type mentioned above, which provides a permanently safe and effective shielding of the environment against internal and polluting air conditions such as dust and odor and at the same time allows a simple and fast to prepare and be carried out dumping process in the landfill or plant, without undermining the required by the German Federal Immission Control Act conditions.

This object is achieved according to the invention by a building with a device according to claim 1. Advantageous embodiments and modifications of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.

It is essential in the inventive solution that at least two arranged in different edge regions of the opening and connected to an air blower core air jet nozzles are provided, whose outlet openings are directed in the direction of the opening, that emerging from the core air jets core air jets from different directions at an angle between 1 ° and 60 ° are directed through the opening into the landfill.

The main advantage lies in the fact that locks with the aforementioned disadvantages are no longer required. Rather, the device according to the invention provides a cost-effective shielding for waste treatment plants or landfills, which shields especially in the room separation opening contours, for example, the contour of an unloading vehicle safely and effectively against internal and polluting air conditions such as dust and odor. A complex and time-consuming opening and closing of multiple lock gates during Abkippvorgängen is no longer necessary.

The device according to the invention is inexpensive to manufacture with a simple construction and easy to assemble and handle. In particular, the fact that the previously required for shielding Vorschleuse can be omitted, leading to the operator of a landfill to significant cost savings in the purchase and operation.

Devices for the production of air curtains or air curtains are known per se. Their field of application extends from door air curtains to air curtains for shielding rooms or building halls. These shielding devices usually have a closed housing, which may include fans and heating registers and produce via air grids or fins this air curtain. The reason of such operations is usually the Kalduftabschirmung or the heating of the incoming cold air.

The known constructions have high air and heating capacities, which generally make the operation of such devices uneconomical, since a turbulent flow behavior is generated here. This causes so-called turbulence clouds of incoming cold air or other forces, eg. B. passage, be blown into the building or out and thus the sub-area of such a door opening of the oncoming cold air (wind) unobstructed entry offers.

In addition, in such conventional air curtain systems or curtains of air on openings frequented by landfill vehicles, the blown-out air would be limited at most to the vehicle contour. This so-called air shadow spaces remain below the dump truck available, can escape through the unobstructed odor-laden and dust-laden air of the landfill bunker to the ambient air, so that in particular light dust particles and corresponding odors could be worn out again during the Abkippvorgangs.

Such a system for the production of air curtains or air curtains can therefore not be used for the legally required shielding of landfills.

In contrast, it is particularly important with the apparatus according to the invention that the air exits on the one hand from at least two different directions, in particular in a laminar or approximately laminar flow, and that the air, on the other hand, extends into the landfill building to be screened. As a result, not only the landfill opening per se, but also the contour of a vehicle located in the opening and also the spaces below a tipper or below the vehicle axles can be detected and securely sealed off.

The device of the invention uses the so-called "Coanda effect", so that the obliquely incident on the vehicle contour Nestle air jets at a certain angle on the vehicle and flow along the contour of the vehicle into the building. The previously calculated air volume of this jet prevents on the one hand the escape of dust- and odor-laden air and thins on the other hand, because it is outside air, the odorous air inside the landfill, which in turn benefits the installed exhaust air purification.

It is particularly advantageous if the core air jets emerging from the core air jet nozzles are directed through the opening into the landfill at an angle of 15 ° -45 °. This allows a particularly safe and effective shielding can be achieved.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that two core air jet nozzles are arranged on opposite sides of the opening. Advantageously, the lateral core air jets are each formed by an extremely high narrow flat jet.

According to an alternative embodiment of the invention, two core air jet nozzles can be arranged on mutually adjacent sides of the opening. Here too, effective shielding can be achieved, since the air jets are blown out of different directions.

It is furthermore particularly advantageous if a plurality of core air jet nozzles or a plurality of individually controllable sections of a core air jet nozzle are arranged on at least one side of the opening. As a result, a flexible adaptation of the core air jet shielding to different opening cross sections can be achieved. In particular, openings that are frequented by vehicles of different sizes or even different structures, for example, open dumpers and closed dump trucks, can be particularly effectively shielded.
Furthermore, it may be advantageous for this purpose if the core air jet nozzles are arranged in several planes in front of the opening.

It is furthermore particularly advantageous if the core air jet nozzles or the individually controllable sections of a core air jet nozzle extend uniformly or non-uniformly over the entire height or width of the opening. In this way, an optimal shielding of the landfill opening can be achieved and leakage of odor-laden or dust-laden air of the landfill bunker to the ambient air can be reliably prevented.

Preferably, it is proposed that the core air jet nozzles are connected to the front side or laterally or longitudinally with the air blower. In this case, a plurality of core air jet nozzles can be connected via connecting lines to a common air blower or each core air jet nozzle can be connected to a separate air blower, wherein the core air jet nozzles can then be operated with the same or with different volume flows.

Preferably, the suction port of the air blower is connected to the environment, so that outside air is sucked.

It is also particularly advantageous if a device for cooling or heating the air is provided in front of the air blower or between the air blower and the core air jet nozzles. If a fouling process is desired in a waste treatment plant, it may be useful to increase the temperature of the air introduced by the device according to the invention. Preferably, process heat can be supplied to a device for heating the air. In other cases, it may be useful to cool the incoming air as a variety of landfills have deep bunkers in the colder air better drops, taking the bound emissions.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, provision is made for at least one sensor, in particular a smoke detector or fog detector, to be arranged on the outside in front of or at the opening, which is the current state the currently exiting gases, odors and / or possibly emerging from the opening dust or dirt particles detected, and that a control or regulating unit is provided, which are supplied to the signals detected by the sensor or sensors, and by in response to the supplied signals the air blower (s) and / or the air streams (s) can be momentarily controlled.

Likewise, at least one sensor, in particular a proximity sensor, can advantageously be arranged on the outside before the opening of the landfill, which can detect an object located in front of the opening, in particular a vehicle, with a control or regulation unit being provided which determines that determined by the sensor Signals are supplied, and by the one or more air blower and / or the air streams can be automatically controlled or regulated in response to the supplied signals.

In both of the abovementioned developments of the invention, the air flows can preferably be controlled or regulated in terms of their volume flow and / or in the number of core air jet nozzles to be opened and / or in the number of openable sections of a core air jet nozzle. By automatically controlling the airflow power and / or other parameter settings via a control unit, optimal protection against escaping emissions can be provided.

A particularly effective shielding can furthermore be achieved in that the core air jet nozzles each comprise a rectifier channel for calming the introduced air stream into a laminar or at least approximately laminar outflow of a core air jet at the outlet opening.

Advantageously, the core air jet nozzles may also include a baffle for low-turbulence guiding the core air jet.

It is also particularly advantageous if the core air jet nozzles are arranged pivotable about an axis extending parallel to the respective edge region of the opening. As a result, a particularly flexible adjustable device is created, which can be adapted to different applications.

If it is structurally necessary, a sealing apron for sealing against ambient air may advantageously be provided between the core air jet nozzles and the opening of the landfill, in order to protect the operation of the device according to the invention against negative weather influences.

Depending on the application, it may be advantageous if a device is provided at the opening through which objects entering the opening, in particular vehicles, can be wetted or wetted with a liquid, preferably with water. In particular, systems that intend a fouling process of discontinued waste, Benebelungsanlagen can be upstream, which dampen the unloading vehicles with water and thus additionally provide for a complete release of the residues, the humidification is beneficial to a fouling process. In addition, this results in the advantageous side effect that the vehicles are cleaned at the same time to a certain extent.

Further advantages and features of the invention will become apparent from the following description and the embodiments illustrated in the drawings.

Figur 1:

Dreidimensionale Darstellung einer ersten Ausführungsvariante der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ohne Gebäude;

Figur 2:

Darstellung der bisherigen Abschirmung einer Abfalldeponie mittels Schleuse;

Figur 3:

Dreidimensionale Darstellung einer zweiten Ausführungsvariante der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung;

Figur 4:

Schnittansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung mit Darstellung des erfindungsgemäßen Wirkprinzips;

Figur 5:

Querschnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Kernluftstrahldüse,

Figur 6:

Längsschnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Kernluftstrahldüse;

Figur 7:

Seitenansicht einer Ausführungsvariante der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung mit zusätzlicher horizontaler Luftwand;

Figur 8:

Prinzipdarstellung einer Ausführungsvariante mit einer Einrichtung zum Regeln der Kernluftstrahlen.

Show it:

FIG. 1:

Three-dimensional representation of a first embodiment of the device according to the invention without a building;

FIG. 2:

Presentation of the previous shielding of a landfill by means of a lock;

FIG. 3:

Three-dimensional representation of a second embodiment of the device according to the invention;

FIG. 4:

Sectional view of the device according to the invention with representation of the principle of the invention;

FIG. 5:

Cross section through a core air jet nozzle according to the invention,

FIG. 6:

Longitudinal section through a core air jet nozzle according to the invention;

FIG. 7:

Side view of a variant of the device according to the invention with additional horizontal air wall;

FIG. 8:

Schematic representation of an embodiment variant with a device for controlling the core air jets.

The device of the combination according to the invention comprises an air blower 1, which sucks outside air 2 on the suction side and is connected on the pressure side via a pipe system 3 with two Kemstrahldüsen 6 laterally adjacent to the door opening 4 of a closed landfill 5. The air blower 1, which must interpretatively overcome a defined backpressure, promotes fresh air on the suction side and presses the precompressed air into the nozzles 6, which in turn have a pressure chamber.

The prevailing form here leaves the pressure chamber via a narrow blow nozzle, which is already adapted to the described pressure housing A. The nozzle itself is provided in the interior of the pressure box A with a direction of air parallel following baffle E, so that here the inner space in the pressure chamber turbulent air is channeled and adjusts itself laminar at a high speed. After leaving the nozzle, a shallow core air jet is created, which undergoes very little induction with the secondary ambient air. In order to reinforce the so-called "Coanda effect" here, a further baffle C is arranged laterally and parallel to the outflow direction on the pressure housing, which is adjustable in its length depending on the requirement of the core beam length ( FIG. 5 ).

The highly accelerated discharge air settles on the air bearing surface due to this physical effect and only breaks off at the end of this surface boundary (stall).

The inventive arrangement of two core air jets areas of different physical or physical parameters, such as temperature, air pollution degree, molecular odor pollution, and / or chemical air composition can be separated or shielded from each other.

In the FIG. 6 in longitudinal section and as a detail in FIG. 5 As a cross-section shown core air jet nozzle has an air-wall pressure linear module housing A, which may be made of plastic, steel or stainless steel. On the pressure side, it has a pressure connection B for an upstream blower. Optionally, an adjustable air guide plate C can be provided for setting and optimizing the core jet. The adjustability of the outer baffle is shown at F. A downstream laminar flow blow-out air rectifier D may have an M-shaped, Z-shaped, square or rectangular lattice structure, which is also available as a semi-finished supply. An air duct E including a Luftfangkantung is formed for converting the turbulent flow into a laminar flow. A foot plate G is provided for rotatably mounted mounting of the pressure linear module on the floor. The adjustability of the base plate with a screw is shown at H. Optionally, a pre-straightener J can be arranged to calm the turbulent air flowing from the upstream pressure fan.

At the in FIG. 1 illustrated embodiment, the laterally projecting pressure nozzles 6 are arranged on the passage gate 4 pivotable about a vertical axis. The mechanical adjustment of the Grundeinstellwinkels the pressure nozzles 6 is realized with a fixed base plate and a rotating bearing in the form of a collar collar. Here, both nozzles 6 are connected via pipes 3 with a common air blower 1.

In contrast, shows FIG. 3 an arrangement variant in which the laterally fixed arranged pressure nozzles 6 at the passage gate 4 generate an air jet 9, which has a beam angle to the standing in the opening 4 vehicle 7 of 15-35 °. In this case, each nozzle 6 is connected to a separate air blower 1.

The solution according to the invention has two core air jet nozzles 6, each having a baffle C, which leads the air core jet turbulence. Furthermore, the device according to the invention comprises a specially designed high-pressure fan 1, which may be located outside the foreclosed bunker 5 on the ground, on the roof or on the facade wall. This high-pressure blower 1 is connected on the pressure side to rigid or flexible connecting pipes 3, which may consist, for example, of spiral-folded pipe, plastic pipe or flexible aluminum pipe, which must have the necessary pressure resistance. The design parameters of the pressure blower 1, usually a centrifugal fan, amount to between 600 and 4000 Pa, depending on the opening geometry to be sealed off.

The core jet nozzles 6 have a housing A, which can be folded on several sides, half and / or full round. The housing, also referred to as a so-called pressure linear module A, is fed from the top or from the side or from below by means of a pressure blower 1, the defined volume of this module on the one hand having a pressure reservoir and, on the other hand, forming a calming zone of the turbulently entering air.

The molded rectifier channel E converts the turbulent air as a calming section, in a laminar outflow at the nozzle end. In order to reduce the turbulence at the pressure inlet of the nozzle, a baffle housing may be arranged, so that the twisted at short pipe sections air is forcibly converted into a rectilinear flow.

The pressurized external blower air located in the storage space is caught by an inner baffle edge E and passed into the narrow nozzle channel. Depending on the degree of turbulence, the inner baffle E and the angular upstand are dimensioned.

The pre-compressed air can advantageously pass just before the nozzle inlet another rectifier D, which passes through a grid structure in square, rectangular, triangular, M-shaped, Z-shaped or trapezoidal cross-sectional geometry. The depth of this profile corresponds to 1.5 to 6 times the depth of the ratio of the nozzle width. After passing through the almost laminar exit jet from the nozzle, the core jet attaches itself to the "Coanda effect" baffle, which can be adjusted parallel to the outside, and follows this flat surface, which at the same time indicates the jet direction, up to the defined tear-off edge. The tear-off edge is formed as a quarter-round edging to minimize the possible demolition noises. The trailing edge itself is formed to induce the secondary air into the core jet due to the bending angle and thus to minimize the molecular friction between accelerated air and stagnant ambient air (so-called injector effect or Mitlauftbeschleunigung).

The baffle length, which can be individually adjusted in length, has a length of 0.1 to 2 times the length of the flow rectifier located in the pressure nozzle. The length adjustment is preferably carried out with screws jammed slots or guide rails in the side edges or the like.

FIG. 4 shows the flow path of the inwardly directed external air jet, which rests against the exemplified arranged vehicle body 7, the longitudinal axis follows and penetrates as a radiation cone in the air-polluted building part 5. As a result, as described above, a fresh air entry in the odor and dust-laden bunker 5 is brought. This is followed by a dilution of the air concentration, which then also supports the necessarily installed exhaust air purification system.

At the in FIG. 7 illustrated embodiment, a horizontally oriented Kernstrahldüse 6 is additionally arranged on the upper side of the opening 4 of a waste-Abfallstoffbunkers 5, which seals in addition to one or two lateral air walls 9 from above, which is particularly advantageous for open dump trucks 7. In this case, the core air jet 9 applies from the top over the entire width of the dump body 10 to the contour of the dump truck 7 and so shields in particular the area 11 from most effective, in which particularly high concentrations of dust and odor particles arise during Abkippvorgang. The core air jet 9 peels off the dust-containing particles quasi from the bottom surface of the dump body 10.

In FIG. 8 a variant embodiment is shown, in which outside the opening 4 as a smoke gas detector formed sensor 12 and three proximity sensors 13 are arranged. By the smoke gas detector 12, the current state of the exiting gases or odors as well as from the opening 4 possibly leaking dirt particles are detected, while by the proximity sensors 13 located in front of the opening 4 vehicle 7 in different contours or heights H1, H2 can be detected.

Furthermore, a control unit 14 is provided, to which the signals detected by the sensors 12 and 13 are supplied. The control unit 14 can accordingly regulate the air blower and / or the air flows as a function of the supplied signals without delay in such a way that optimum protection against escaping emissions adapted to the current situation is provided. In particular, the air flows can be regulated in their volume flow and / or in the number of core air jet nozzles 6 to be opened or in the number of individually controllable sections of a core air jet nozzle 6 to be opened.

In addition, 5 non-illustrated mechanically operable gates are provided at the openings 4 of the landfill to achieve a long-term non-use of the openings 4 in a simple and economical way, a secure seal of the building 5. These gates can also be actuated automatically via the control unit 14, wherein, for example, the required opening height in dependence on the determined height H1, H2 of the respective vehicle 7 can be adjusted.

Claims (20)

1. Building for treatment or recycling of waste or storage building (5) for collection or dumping of waste, in particular composting plant, waste recycling plant, waste incineration plant or waste dump bunker, in combination with a system for shielding of openings (4) on the building (5), in particular of doors or gates on the building (5),
   characterized by the fact that
   at least two core air nozzles (6) are situated in different edge areas of the opening (4) and connected with an air blower (1), the core air nozzles (6) are positioned with their outlets facing in the direction of the opening (4) such that the core air jets (9) flowing out of the core air nozzles (6) are directed into the building (5) through the opening (4) from different directions at an angle between 1° and 60°.
2. Combination according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the core air jets (9) flowing out of the core air nozzles (6) are directed into the building (5) through the opening (4) at an angle from 15° to 45°.
3. Combination according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the fact that two core air nozzles (6) are situated on opposite sides of the opening (4).
4. Combination according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the fact that two core air nozzles (6) are situated on neighbouring sides of the opening (4).
5. Combination according to claim 3 or 4, characterized by the fact that multiple core air nozzles (6) or multiple individually controllable sections of a core air nozzles (6) are situated on at least one side of the opening (4).
6. Combination according to one of the claims 3 through 5, characterized by the fact that the core air nozzles (6) or the individually controllable sections of a core air nozzle (6) are evenly or unevenly distributed over the entire height or width of the opening (4).
7. Combination according to one of the above claims, characterized by the fact that the core air nozzles (6) are connected to an air blower (1) on the front or lengthwise side.
8. Combination according to one of the above claims, characterized by the fact that multiple core air nozzles (6) are connected to a common air blower (1) via connection tubes (3).
9. Combination according to one of the above claims 1 to 7, characterized by the fact that each core air nozzle (6) is connected to a separate air blower (1).
10. Combination according to one of the above claims, characterized by the fact that outside air (2) is sucked in through the air blower (1).
11. Combination according to one of the above claims, characterized by the fact that a device for cooling or heating the air is situated either before the air blower (1) or between the air blower (1) and the core air nozzles (6), whereby a device for heating the air is preferably supplied with process heat.
12. Combination according to one of the above claims, characterized by the fact that at least one sensor (12), in particular a smoke detector, is situated on the outside in front of or on the opening (4), with which the current state of the escaping gasses and or the dust particles exiting through the opening (4) can be detected, and that a control or regulation unit (13) exists to which the signals collected by the sensor or sensors (12) can be sent and with which the air blower (1) and/or the air flows can be controlled or regulated based on the signals received.
13. Combination according to one of the above claims, characterized by the fact that at least one sensor (12), in particular a proximity sensor, is situated outside in front of the opening (4) with which an object (7), in particular a vehicle, located in front of the opening (4) can be detected, and that a control or regulation unit (13) exists to which the signals collected by the sensor (12) can be sent, and with which the air blower (1) and/or the air flows can be controlled or regulated based on the signals received.
14. Combination according to one of the above claims, characterized by the fact that the air flows can be controlled or regulated in terms of their rates and/or the number of core air nozzles (6) to be opened and/or the number of sections of a core air nozzle (6) to be opened.
15. Combination according to one of the above claims, characterized by the fact that the core air nozzles (6) each include an aligner channel (E) for calming the generated air flow into a laminar or at least an approximately laminar flow of a core air jet (9) at the outlet openings of the core air nozzle (6).
16. Combination according to one of the above claims, characterized by the fact that the core air nozzles (6) include a guide plate (C) for low-turbulence guiding of the core air jet (9).
17. Combination according to one of the above claims, characterized by the fact that the core air nozzles (6) swivel around an axis running parallel to the respective edge area of the opening (4).
18. Combination according to one of the above claims, characterized by the fact that the core air nozzles (6) are situated at multiple levels in front of the opening (4).
19. Combination according to one of the above claims, characterized by the fact that a sealing skirt is present between the opening (4) and the core air nozzles (6) for sealing against environment air.
20. Combination according to one of the above claims, characterized by the fact that a device is situated at the opening (4) through which objects (7) entering into the opening (4), in particular vehicles, can be wet or misted with a liquid, preferably water.

Images