EP1295814A1 - Outlet device for a container containing granular products - Google Patents

Abstract

The discharge unit has a dish insert (13) installed in a body (11) and has an upper overhanging edge (27) which in the region of the contact face is retained between the container and discharge body. On a lower edge (32), an annular lower opening (30) is located on the insert side opposite the overhanging edge, and an encircling gap (33) is formed between the edge of the opening and wall (31) of the body. A chamber (35) is formed between the wall of the discharge body and wall (28) of the dish insert.

Description

The invention relates to an outlet device of a container for dust or granular bulk material with a conical downward shape to a narrower cross section of a connecting piece for a delivery line narrowing outlet body, the outlet device or the Outlet body is reversibly connected to the container.

For bulk containers, such as high silos with in the bottom area arranged outlet cones, the bulk material is in the lower area strongly compressed by the upcoming level, causing it to a bridge formation in the bulk material can come. The one above Bulk material is held by the bridge formation, so that a further leakage of the bulk material is prevented. For this reason Special precautions must be taken to prevent any Prevent bridging from the outset when bulk material is discharged or if this was caused by a correspondingly long storage period, again break. Single-walled rigid outlet cones cannot do this, which is why the conical outlet is double-walled. To is usually the inner funnel-shaped outlet surface air-permeable film material formed so that between the outer airtight cone wall and the inner cone wall entered Compressed air can flow into the bulk cone and this avoids bridging or dissolves again. The The type of compressed air supply can be continuous or intermittent and leads to a brief shaking movement of the inner wall of the outlet cone, which continuously supports bulk material removal. Indeed The inner jacket made of film material must not be arranged in this way be that a pocket formation during the compressed air-assisted bulk material removal is favored. In order to ensure that the To ensure bulk material, therefore, the inner film jacket firmly clamped at the top and at the lower end by means of clamping structures, which are known in various embodiments, held. With these tension constructions there are also disadvantages connected, which has the advantage of minimizing friction when emptying bulk goods partially nullify again. So sometimes they are for Span required means arranged inside the cone and are thus hinders the flowing goods. In addition, the constructive Effort for the clamping devices is relatively large, which also means a high one Maintenance is connected.

When moving silo containers, for example on vehicles, passes through the Shake up an additional solidification, which makes emptying difficult.

Another problem with the outlet devices with internal air permeable The outlet surface made of fabric material is given that the dusty or granular bulk material to wear the Fabric material leads, which is why it is necessary, this inner Replace fabric material after wear. The downtimes for that As a result, fabric material is very small.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an outlet device for bulk containers to create, which loosens the bulk material effectively and an emptying of the bulk material is guaranteed and the low constructive effort required, the service life compared to State of the art should be increased significantly.

This object is achieved by the outlet device according to claim 1.

For this purpose, it is provided according to the invention to create an outlet device the one tapered down to a narrower cross section a connecting piece for a delivery line constricting outlet, the outlet device being reversibly connected to the container and wherein a bowl insert is arranged in the outlet body is, which has an upper cantilevered edge in the area of The contact surface between the container and the outlet body is kept clamped becomes. The bowl insert has circular openings on both sides on, with a gap in the area of the wall of the outlet body between the edge of the opening of the bowl insert and the wall of the outlet body results.

The wall of the bowl insert can be in relation to the wall of the Outlet body run differently, the walls themselves do not touch. So the wall of the bowl insert can be parallel to Wall of the outlet body run or tapering to this be trained. Mixed forms with parallel and tapered Sections of the bowl insert or with sections of the Bowl insert, the different inclination angles to the wall the outlet device are possible according to the invention.

In principle, any other configuration is also possible, if one annular gap between the two walls is retained.

Through a nozzle for compressed air in the area of the outlet body is provided where between the walls of the outlet body and a space is formed in the bowl insert, compressed air is injected into the Outlet device initiated so that the bulk material is loosened and Bridges are broken and the bulk material can drain, whereby this process is further accelerated by the compressed air.

By designing the outlet device with a gap, which is preferably 2mm and through which the compressed air in the direction of the connection piece flows, a quick and unhindered emptying of the silo container guaranteed. Depending on the flow velocity the compressed air becomes permanent or temporary Vibration of the bowl insert creates a loosening of the bulk goods. It is advantageous if resilient Material used for the bowl insert.

Bulges, in particular beads, can also be used in the bowl insert. that secure the gap from above and lead to the gap, be arranged, the in connection with the vibrations generated by the compressed air support emptying.

Depending on the material properties of the bowl insert can cause a curvature of the bowl insert by applying Compressed air are caused so that when the compressed air is blown in with periodic pressure fluctuations also vibrations or a Shaking can be caused, which loosens the bulk material becomes.

According to another preferred embodiment, the bowl insert is led into the area of the outlet of the outlet body, the Provide a corresponding opening in the bowl insert with a nozzle can be. In this embodiment, the gap between the Walls closed with an annular seal. In the wall the bowl insert is also penetrating the wall tubular body arranged on the appropriate means on Bowl insert is held. The tubular body is on the inside of the bowl insert closed at the end, but laterally Holes or the like are provided. Above these holes, the tubular body a lip-like annular body made of rubber o. Like., The outer edge of which rests on the bowl insert and so one Cavity into which the holes in the tubular body open forms. Compressed air enters the space through the nozzle for compressed air between the bowl insert and the outlet body, by where it is pressed into the tubular body and into the through the lip-like annular body. The compressed air lifts the rubber lip off, so that a shaking movement results that the bulk material Fanning. One or more of these tubular bodies can be in the bowl insert.

Instead of the tubular body, the bowl insert can be used with a coarse-mesh mat, preferably made of stainless steel, aluminum or the like his. This mat can be made with strips, preferably also made of stainless steel or the like. Reinforced, holes being passed through the strips, that correspond to corresponding holes in the bowl insert. The holes lying one above the other can also be provided with a rivet that connects the mat and the bowl insert, whereby an opening remains in the middle of the rivet.

The mat can also consist of very coarse-mesh fabric, whereby then openings are provided in the bowl insert, which differ from extend downwards below and preferably narrow downwards, stripes are not necessary for reinforcement.

The outlet device is preferably connected to the silo container via a Flange using eye or hook screws or a quick release device connected.

Is between the edges of the spout and the container a ring seal arranged, which also in one on one of the edges circumferential groove can be inserted, the ring seal of course must protrude for sealing. The ring seal acts on it also the cantilevered edge of the bowl insert and fixes it in addition it is also possible that in the two opposite The edges of the ring seals are inserted into the corresponding grooves.

The effect of the outlet device according to the invention is optimized in such a way that the emptying of the Bulk goods are easily possible.

The bowl insert is preferably made of stainless steel or aluminum manufactured. But plastics are also suitable that have a sufficient mechanical strength and abrasion resistance. fiber-reinforced and coated plastics are also used can by the surface treatment a resistant and maintain low-friction surface. Even composites from different Materials can be used to differentiate Requirements for mechanical strength and resistance to Abrasion.

Advantageously, compared to the prior art, in which the Outlet body is lined with foil, a pocket formation completely prevented.

In addition, the outlet device according to the invention can advantageously also by retrofitting a bowl insert in existing ones Create silo containers because this is only in the flange between containers and outlet body must be clamped. There are no additional ones Fastening points for the bowl insert necessary.

The existence of the gap between the walls is in all embodiments, also with those closed by a ring seal Gap, essential because only by free mobility the bowl insert when pressurized with compressed air the desired Success can be brought about.

To ensure the existence of the gap, it is possible between Arrange two walls spacers, which are also on the bowl insert can be fixed.

The bowl insert can also be completely used for certain applications take out, so that no objects at all Material flow.

The simple structural design also allows a very simple Cleaning, especially in the food and chemical sectors is of great importance.

Further advantageous refinements are characterized in the subclaims.

Fig. 1

in einer geschnittenen Seitenansicht eine erfindungsgemäße Auslaufeinrichtung eines Behälters für staubförmiges oder körniges Schüttgut,

Fig. 2.

in einer geschnittenen Seitenansicht eine schematisierte Darstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Auslaufeinrichtung,

Fig. 3.

in einer Abwicklung ein Schüsseleinsatz,

Fig. 4.

in einer Detailansicht von oben der Rand eines Schüsseleinsatzes mit Sicken,

Fig. 5.

in einer Detailansicht von der Seite der Rand eines Schüssleinsatzes mit Sicken,

Fig. 6.

in einer geschnittenen Seitenansicht eine erfindungsgemäße Auslaufeinrichtung mit Schüsseleinsatz mit Sicken nach einer anderen Ausführungsform,

Fig. 7.

in einer geschnittenen Seitenansicht eine schematisierte Darstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Auslaufeinrichtung ohne Schüsseleinsatz,

Fig. 8.

in einer geschnittenen Seitenansicht eine erfindungsgemäße Auslaufeinrichtung mit Schüsseleinsatz mit einem Auflockerungsventil,

Fig. 9.

in einer geschnittenen Seitenansicht eine erfindungsgemäße Auslaufeinrichtung mit Schüsseleinsatz mit einer eingelegter Matte und

Fig. 10.

in einer geschnittenen Seitenansicht eine erfindungsgemäße Auslaufeinrichtung mit Schüsseleinsatz mit einer eingelegten metallischen Matte nach einer anderen Ausführungsform.

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to drawings. Show it:

Fig. 1

a sectional side view of an outlet device according to the invention of a container for dusty or granular bulk material,

Fig. 2.

a sectional side view a schematic representation of a discharge device according to the invention,

Fig. 3.

in a processing a bowl insert,

Fig. 4.

in a detailed view from above the edge of a bowl insert with beads,

Fig. 5.

in a detailed view from the side of the edge of a bowl insert with beads,

Fig. 6.

in a sectional side view an outlet device according to the invention with a bowl insert with beads according to another embodiment,

Fig. 7.

in a sectional side view a schematic representation of an outlet device according to the invention without a bowl insert,

Fig. 8.

in a sectional side view an outlet device according to the invention with a bowl insert with a loosening valve,

Fig. 9.

in a sectional side view of an outlet device according to the invention with a bowl insert with an inserted mat and

Fig. 10.

in a sectional side view of an outlet device according to the invention with a bowl insert with an inserted metallic mat according to another embodiment.

The outlet device 100 is used, for example, both for stationary silo containers as well as for such containers, the body part of a vehicle are used. Such containers have one or more of those shown Outlet devices 100. The partially illustrated silo container body 10 is connected to a funnel-shaped outlet body 11, which together with a bowl insert arranged in its interior 12 13 forms the outlet device 100. The outlet 14 of the outlet body 11 can, as shown in Fig. 1, be angled or, as in 6 to 10 shown, with a flange 15 for connecting any Facilities. The outlet body 11 is with the silo container body 10 connected via a quick release device 16, wherein one on the edge 17 of the silo container body 10 in a groove 18 Ring seal 19 is located, the peripheral edge 20 of the outlet body 11 contacted, which, as shown in FIGS. 6 to 10, also over an annular seal 21, which is arranged in a groove 22, may have. The ring seal 19 and the ring seals 19, 21 protrude slightly from the respective groove 18, 22 out, the ring seals 19, 21 in the area the bottom 23, 24 of the groove 18, 22 a cavity 25, 26 (Fig. 6 to 10) can have to compensate for tolerances. Between the revolving Edge 18 or the ring seal of the outlet body 11 and the ring seal 17 of the silo container body 10 is the projecting edge 27 of the Bowl insert 13 arranged, whereby the bowl insert 13 in its position in the interior 12 of the outlet body 11 is fixed. The Wall 28 of the bowl insert 13 is opposite the cantilever Edge 27 of the bowl insert 13 angled. The bowl insert 13 is open at its end 29 facing the outlet 14, so that a circular opening 30 results (Fig. 3).

In the embodiments of the outlet device 100 according to FIG. 1 and 2 and the wall 28 of the bowl insert 13 runs in the direction the wall 31 of the outlet body 11, but without touching it. Between the edge 32 of the opening 30 and the wall 31 of the outlet body 11 remains a gap 33 through which compressed air is pressed, the reaches the outlet body 11 via a connecting piece 34. The nozzle 34 leads into the through the wall 28 of the bowl insert 13 and Wall 31 of the outlet body 11 formed space 35. The exit of the Compressed air through the gap 33 then supports the emptying of the silo container body 10. At the outlet 14 there is a connecting piece 36 for a delivery line or the like, not shown, for discharging the bulk material. The embodiment shown in Figure 2 has a bowl insert 13, which is provided with beads 37 which are directed towards the outlet 14 End 29 or at the edge 32 of the bowl insert 13. Around 8 to 12 are evenly distributed to ensure a safe gap formation Beads 37 provided on the edge 32 (Fig. 4). In a tried and tested embodiment each bead 37 has an approximately rectangular cross section a width of about 10 mm and a depth of about 5 mm. Through the 5 design of the lower end 38 of each bead 37 is achieved that there is a gap 33 of about 2 mm between the bowl insert 13 and the outlet 14 forms an annular circumference. The in Fig. 6 The embodiment of the outlet device 100 shown also has to the outlet 14 facing end 29 or at the edge 32 beads 39, these However, are wedge-shaped, the beads 39 to the bottom Broaden in late 40s. Furthermore, the wall 28 of the bowl insert 13 largely parallel to the wall 31 of the outlet body 11 guided. Only the end 29 of the bowl insert 13, which the beads 39th is angled in the direction of the wall 31 of the outlet body 11, so that the annular circumferential gap 33 results. A discharge device 100, with the bowl insert 13 removed, is shown in FIG. 7 shown. The bowl inserts 13 and their walls 28 of the embodiments the outlet device 100 according to FIGS. 8 to 10 are in the Contrary to the other embodiments of the cantilevered edge 27 from parallel to the wall 31 of the outlet body 11 into the outlet 14 out, the opening 30 of the bowl insert 13 with a Stub 41 is provided. There is also an annular seal 42 with a round one Cross section in the area of the connecting piece 41 between the wall 28 the bowl insert 13 and the wall 31 of the outlet body 11 arranged so that the compressed air introduced through the nozzle 34 is not through the gap 33 between bowl insert 13 and outlet body 11 can escape. 8 is penetrate this on the bowl insert 13 a tubular body 43 is arranged. On the to the outlet body 11 facing side 44 is the tubular body 43 with a nut 45 secured. On the other side 46 of the bowl insert 13 is the tubular body 43 closed at its free end 47. The tubular Body 43 has an annular rubber body at the free end 47 48 on which a lip 49 forms, which is around the tubular Body 43 abuts the bowl insert 13 and thus a cavity 50 trains. In the area of the cavity 50 the tubular one Body 43 laterally a bore 51 is passed through the compressed air. 9 shows an embodiment of the outlet device 100 thereof Bowl insert 13 is provided with a coarse mesh mat 52, the at the upper edge 53 and at the lower edge 54 each with a stripe 55, 56 is provided for reinforcement. Corresponding strips 57 run additionally from the upper to the lower edge 53, 54 or between those there strips 55, 56. Holes 58 are arranged in strips 55, 56, 57, which correspond to holes 59 in the bowl insert 13. A 10 shows a similar configuration of the outlet device which is an even coarser-meshed metallic mat 60, which acts as a sieve, mesh or formed and arranged in the bowl insert. However are here only 13 through openings 61 are provided in the bowl insert, which extend from the projecting edge 27 to the opening 30 and narrow towards opening 30.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

outlet device

100

Silobehälterkörper

10

spout body

11

inner space

12

dished insert

13

outlet

14

flange

15

Quick clamping device

16

Edge of the silo container body

17

groove

18

ring seal

19

surrounding border

20

ring seal

21

groove

22

Bottom of the groove

23, 24

cavity

25, 26

cantilevered edge

27

wall

28

The End

29

circular opening

30

wall

31

edge

32

gap

33

Support

34

room

35

connecting branch

36

Beading

37

lower end

38

Beading

39

lower end

40

Support

41

annular seal

42

tubular body

43

page

44

mother

45

page

46

free end

47

rubber body

48

lip

49

cavity

50

drilling

51

mat

52

upper edge

53

lower margin

54

strip

55, 56, 57

holes

58, 59

mat

60

Through opening

61

Claims (27)

Outlet device (100) of a container for dusty or granular bulk material with a conical downward narrowing to a narrower cross section of a connecting piece (36) for a delivery line outlet body (11), the outlet device (100) or the outlet body (11) being reversible is connected to the container, characterized in that a bowl insert (13) is arranged in the outlet body (11) and has an upper projecting edge (27) which is held in the region of the contact surface between the container and the outlet body (11), whereby on a lower edge (32) has a circular lower opening (30) on the side of the bowl insert (13) opposite the projecting edge (27), there being a circumferential gap (33) to the wall (31) of the outlet body (11), wherein the bowl insert (13) has beads (37, 39) or lead from the cantilevered edge (27) to the edge (32) adjacent to the gap (33) r the bowl insert (13) has beads (37, 39) which are arranged in the region of the edge (32) adjacent to the gap (33) and lead to the edge (32). Outlet device according to claim 1, characterized in that the wall (28) of the bowl insert (13) approaches the wall (31) of the outlet body (11) in a conically tapering manner without touching the wall (31), so that between the wall (31 ) of the outlet body (11) and the wall (28) of the bowl insert (11) a space (35) is formed. Outlet device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the wall (28) of the bowl insert (13) approaches the wall (31) of the outlet body (11) in a conically tapering manner without touching the wall (31), the wall (28) of the Bowl insert (13) has at least two areas which have a different angle to the wall (31) of the outlet body (11), so that between the wall (31) of the outlet body (11) and the wall (28) of the bowl insert (13) Space (35) is formed. Outlet device according to claim 1, characterized in that the wall (28) of the bowl insert (13) runs parallel to the wall (31) of the outlet body (11), so that between the wall (31) of the outlet body (11) and the wall (28 ) of the bowl insert (13) a space (35) is formed. Outlet device according to claim 1, characterized in that the wall (28) of the bowl insert (13) runs parallel to the wall (31) of the outlet body (11) and in the region of the lower edge (32) of the bowl insert (13) the wall (28) is folded so that this area approaches the wall (31) of the outlet body (11) without touching the wall (31), so that between the wall (31) of the outlet body (11) and the wall (28) of the bowl insert (13) a room (35) is formed. Outlet device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a connection piece (34) for introducing compressed air is provided in the region of the outlet body (11) where between the wall (31) of the outlet body (11) and the wall (28) a bowl (35) is formed in the bowl insert (13). Outlet device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the gap (33) is 2 mm wide. Outlet device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the bowl insert (13) is held in a clamping manner between the container and the outlet body (11). Outlet device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the bowl insert (13) has a socket (41) formed on the opening (30) and protruding into the outlet (14), in the area of the socket (41) between the wall (28) of the bowl insert (13) and the wall (31) of the outlet body (11) an annular seal (42) is arranged. Outlet device according to claim 9, characterized in that the ring seal (42) has a round cross section. Outlet device according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that a tubular body (43) is arranged on the bowl insert (13) penetrating it and is closed at the end on the side (46) facing away from the outlet body (11) and by an annular body (48 ) is enclosed, which forms a lip (49) which bears on the wall (28) of the bowl insert (13) and thus forms a cavity (50), in the area of which the tubular body (43) has a bore (51) on the side , Outlet device according to claim 11, characterized in that the tubular body (43) is fixed to the bowl insert (13) by means of releasable means. Outlet device according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that a coarse-mesh mat (52) is inserted into the bowl insert (13) and is provided with strips (55, 56) for reinforcement at the upper and lower edges (53, 54), whereby strips (57) also run between the edge-side strips (55, 56), and that holes (58) are provided in the strips (55, 56, 57) which correspond to holes (59) in the bowl insert (13). Outlet device according to claim 13, characterized in that the mat (52) is reversibly fixed. Outlet device according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that a coarse-mesh mat (60) is inserted into the bowl insert (13), through openings (61) being provided in the bowl insert (13). Outlet device according to claim 15, characterized in that the through opening extends approximately from the upper projecting edge (27) to the edge (32) of the opening (30) in the region of the outlet (14). Outlet device according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that the through openings (61) taper towards the outlet (14). Outlet device according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the outlet body (11) in the region of the connecting piece (36) has an angled outlet (14) for a delivery line. Outlet device according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the container is connected to the outlet body (11) via a flange. Outlet device according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that the container is connected to the outlet body (11) via a quick-release device (15). Outlet device according to one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that one or two ring seals (19, 21) is or are arranged in the connection area between the container and the outlet body (11). Outlet device according to claim 21, characterized in that the ring seal (19) or the ring seals (19, 21) is inserted into a groove (18, 22) running around the edge (17, 20) of the container and / or the outlet body (11) are and stand out. Outlet device according to one of claims 1 to 22, characterized in that the beads (39) are wedge-shaped and widen towards the edge (32) of the opening (30). Outlet device according to one of claims 1 to 23, characterized in that spacers are arranged between the wall (28) of the bowl insert (13) and the wall (31) of the outlet body (11). Outlet device according to one of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that the bowl insert (13) and its parts consist of stainless steel, aluminum or another metal. Outlet device according to one of claims 1 to 25, characterized in that the bowl insert (13) and its parts consist of plastic, fiber-reinforced plastic, coated plastic or a composite. Outlet device according to one of claims 1 to 26, characterized in that the material of the bowl insert (13) is resilient.

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