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EP1291340B1 - Dérivés de phytosphingosine avec une activité antitumorale - Google Patents

Dérivés de phytosphingosine avec une activité antitumorale Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1291340B1
EP1291340B1 EP01120732A EP01120732A EP1291340B1 EP 1291340 B1 EP1291340 B1 EP 1291340B1 EP 01120732 A EP01120732 A EP 01120732A EP 01120732 A EP01120732 A EP 01120732A EP 1291340 B1 EP1291340 B1 EP 1291340B1
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Prior art keywords
liposomes
tmp
days
metastatic
injection
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1291340A1 (fr
Inventor
Sung Keon Namgoong
Seon Yi Park
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Charmzone Co Ltd
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Charmzone Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C215/00—Compounds containing amino and hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
    • C07C215/02—Compounds containing amino and hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having hydroxy groups and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton
    • C07C215/04—Compounds containing amino and hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having hydroxy groups and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being saturated
    • C07C215/06—Compounds containing amino and hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having hydroxy groups and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being saturated and acyclic
    • C07C215/10—Compounds containing amino and hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having hydroxy groups and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being saturated and acyclic with one amino group and at least two hydroxy groups bound to the carbon skeleton
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/13—Amines
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/13—Amines
    • A61K31/14—Quaternary ammonium compounds, e.g. edrophonium, choline
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K45/00—Medicinal preparations containing active ingredients not provided for in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
    • A61K45/06—Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an antitumor agent containing a phytosphingosine derivative, and more specifically, to an antitumor agent containing a phytosphingosine derivative of formula I as an active ingredient, wherein R 1 , R 2 and R 3 respectively represents a hydrogen atom or a C 1 -C 8 alkyl group; and X represents an atom or an atomic group containing a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, an alkyl sulfonate group or an aryl sulfonate group.
  • Lipids that form a cell membrane generally consist of phospholipid, glycolipid and sphingolipid. These lipids are amphipathic substances and they spontaneously generate completely closed vesicles similar to a cell membrane called 'liposomes' upon dispersion in water.
  • Liposomes can be prepared by using one kind or combining a few of lipids mentioned in the above. Liposomes are known as a good carrier in a drug delivery system. When pharmaceutical agents are incorporated in the liposomes, the hydrophilic portion of a drug is encapsulated into the internal aqueous phase of the liposomes while the hydrophobic portion of a drug is inserted in bilayer of liposomes. As a drug carrier, liposomes can perform accurate delivery of a desired drug in the diseased part and even small amount of drug can be delivered by liposomes. Therefore, liposomes can seriously reduce side effects such as multi-drug resistance in a heavy dosage of drugs.
  • liposomes as a drug carrier have been expanded recently to cover a variety of fields such as antigens, genes, pharmaceutical drugs including Doxorubicin (an antitumor agent), Amphotericin B (an antifungal agent), other chemical drugs and also a cosmetic field (M. Grunaug et al., Eur. J. Med. Res. 21 , 13-19, 1998; D.S. Alberts abd D.J. Garcia, Drugs, 54 , 30-35, 1997; F. Braun, et al., Transplant Proc.. 30 , 1481-1483, 1998; V. Heinemann et al., Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 41 , 1275-1280,1997; N. Weiner et al., J. Drug Target, 2 , 405-410, 1994).
  • Sphingoid bases are present in humans as phytosphingosin (PhytoS), sphingosine (SPN) and sphinganine, which are amino alcohols having 18 carbon atoms, respectively. These compounds have several stereocenters and D-erythro arrangement at position 3 is discovered in nature. SPN and sphinganine are found in all the tissues of human body while PhytoS is present only in horny layer of human skin. Extensive studies on SPN and its derivatives were initiated at early 1990s and the studies were expedited as these were found to be powerful inhibitors of PKC (protein kinase C). Moreover, the SPN and its derivatives were found to be involved in numerous cellular activities even at low concentration (D.J. Bibel et al., Clin.
  • PKC protein kinase C
  • N,N-dimethyl sphingosine (DMS) and N,N,N-trimethyl sphingosinium halide (hereinafter referred to as TMS ⁇ hal), derivatives of SPN are known to be superior to SPN with respect to their inhibitory activities against PKC and are also known to inhibit the growth of various cancer cells both in vivo and in vitro.
  • TMS hal has an antitumor activity and an anti-metastatic activity in murine B16/BL6 melanoma cell line which utilizes liposomal TMS, wherein the mole ratio of egg phosphatidylcholine (egg PC) : cholesterol (Chol) : TMS ⁇ hal is 4.5 : 4.5 : 1.
  • egg PC egg phosphatidylcholine
  • Chol cholesterol
  • TMS ⁇ hal 4.5 : 4.5 : 1.
  • TMS ⁇ hal e.g., about 0.1-0.3 mg/mouse
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a phytosphingosine derivative of formula I having an antitumor activity and also to provide antitumor agents comprising the phytosphingosine derivative.
  • the present invention relates to an antitumor agent containing a phytosphingosine derivative of the following formula I as an active ingredient.
  • R 1 , R 2 and R 3 respectively represents a hydrogen atom or a C 1 -C 8 alkyl group; and X represents an atom or an atomic group containing a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, an alkyl sulfonate group or an aryl sulfonate group.
  • the antitumor agent of the present invention contains the above phytosphingosine derivative in the form of a liposome or an emulsion, and it can also contain other ingredients such as an anti-angiogenic agent or doxorubicin, an antitumor agent having cytotoxic activity in addition to the phytosphingosine derivative.
  • the present invention relates to an antitumor agent comprising a phytosphingosine derivative (hereinafter referred to as TMP) of the above formula I which is manufactured in the form of a liposome or an emulsion.
  • TMP phytosphingosine derivative
  • TMP ⁇ hal N,N,N-trimethyl phytosphingosinium halide
  • TMP ⁇ I N,N,N-trimethyl phytosphingosinium iodide
  • compositions of anti-metastatic liposomes were prepared in the present invention.
  • the results showed that DPPC/Chol/TMP or DPPC/Chol/PEG-PE/TMP compositions of liposomes had excellent anti-metastatic activity and also there was a synergistic effect in the anti-metastatic activity when they were used in combination with an anti-angiogenic agent.
  • DPPC/Chol/ TMP compositions of liposomes were not only able to inhibit metastasis to lung but they also inhibited the growth of LLC cancer cells.
  • cytotoxic effect of TMP liposomes was examined by using a human hepatoma cell line and a mouse melanoma cell line. The results showed that the TMP liposomes had cytotoxicity in a human hepatoma cell but not in a mouse melanoma cell. A test for acute toxicity was performed in mice and there was no toxic effect observed.
  • the antitumor agent of the present invention contains a phytosphingosine derivative of the formula I as an active ingredient, and a final preparation can be provided in a form of powder, granule, capsule and injection by mixing it , with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, an excipient and a diluent. Medications can be administered both in oral and parenteral administrations, and the bioavailability will be more effective if administered after the agent is prepared as an emulsion or a liposome type.
  • the dosage of the antitumor agent of the present invention can very depending on the rate of body absorption, body weight, age, sex, health condition, diet, interval of administration, method of administration, excretion rate, seriousness of illness and the like.
  • the preferred amount of dosage is about 0.5-1 mg/kg of body weight.
  • the antitumor agent should be prepared considering the effective range of the dosage and thus manufactured unit preparations can be administered several times at regular intervals or according to a specialized method of dosage upon the decision of a specialist who is in charge of the supervision and observation of the medication along with a subject's request.
  • TMP ⁇ I N,N,N-trimethylphytosphingosinium iodide
  • Phospholipid was added into a glass vial and dissolved in an organic solvent (CHCl 3 ). A thin lipid film was formed within the glass vial while removing the organic solvent completely by using a nitrogen gas or a rotary evaporator. Then, phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) was added and gently shaken at room temperature for sufficient hydration, and then the mixture was vortexed vigorously to disperse the thin lipid film of the phospholipid and finally formed multilamellar vesicles (MLV).
  • PBS phosphate-buffered saline
  • MLV small unilamellar vesicles
  • SUV small unilamellar vesicles
  • liposomes of desired size were also prepared by passing the SUV through a proper polycarbonate membrane filter under a high pressure by using an extruder and were used for the experiment subsequently.
  • Liposomes comprising various phospholipids and TMP, an anti-metastasis compound, were prepared as follows.
  • TMP and DOPE a neutral lipid
  • a neutral lipid were mixed in 1 : 1 (w/w) ratio, dissolved in an organic solvent in a 20 mL glass vial, and then evaporated under reduced pressure in the presence of a nitrogen gas.
  • the film was completely dried, hydrated with distilled water or 5% dextrose, and then cationic liposomes were finally prepared by means of vortex or sonication.
  • TMP was added to a composition
  • a composition comprising egg-derived 70% phosphotidylcholine (PC); a mixture of 1:1 mole ratio of 100% egg PC and cholesterol (Chol); a mixture of 1:1 mole ratio of dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) and Chol; a mixture of 5 : 5 : 1 mole ratio of DPPC.
  • Chol and phosphotidylethanolamine-polyethylene glycol (PE-PEG) dissolved in an organic solvent, and formed a thin lipid film within the glass vial while completely removing the organic solvent by using a rotary evaporator. Then, the film was hydrated sufficiently at room temperature by adding PBS followed by the dispersion of the thin membrane of the phospholipid, and then the anti-metastatic liposomes were obtained by vortex or sonication.
  • compositions of liposomes and emulsions comprising TMP were prepared and stored at 4 °C.
  • the change in size of liposomes was measured by using zetasizer and the stability of liposomes and emulsions according to the compositions of phospholipids were measured.
  • Cytotoxic effects of TMP liposomes on cancer cells were examined by using human hepatoma cell line SNU398 and murine melanoma cell line B16F10.
  • SNU398 and B16F10 were trypsinized and then washed with serum-free medium (RPMI-1640). They were then dyed with trypan blue for cell count, plated on a 48-well plate with 1 x 10 5 cells/mL, and then treated with various concentrations of cationic liposomes comprising TMP. After 3 days, they were dyed again with trypan blue and the reduction of viable cells was examined.
  • TMP liposomes For the examination of in vivo toxicity of TMP liposomes, they were injected via intravenous injection or intraperitoneal injection and the lethality of mice were measured.
  • mice using Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cells The concentration of LLC cells used was such that each mouse was injected with one million carcinoma cells via subcutaneous injection to induce a cancer.
  • TMP liposome TMP 100 ⁇ g
  • AG3340 As a positive control, AG3340 (Agouron Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., USA), known as an MMP-2 (matrix metaloproteinasse-2) inhibitor, was suspended in 0.2% tween/0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose and 2 mg of the resulting suspension was intraperitoneally injected daily. Twenty one days after the injection of the LLC cells; each mouse was killed by dislocating cervical vertebra and then the change of cancer volume was examined and photographed.
  • the above components were mixed together after crushing them into small pieces and tablets were prepared by direct tableting method.
  • the total amount of each tablet was 500 mg and the active ingredient accounted for 50 mg.
  • the anti-metastatic activity of TMP ⁇ I in in vivo system was examined.
  • the metastasis of cancer was examined in four different groups of mice having different B16F10 melanoma cell concentrations of 2 x 10 4 , 2 x 10 5 , 2 x 10 6 and PBS to determine the number of cancer cells suitable for the observation of the metastasis.
  • the lungs of the mice were removed after 15 days of tail vein injection and examined. The result revealed that the size of lung obtained from the group injected with 2 x 10 6 B16F10 melanoma cell concentration grew larger and finally a large number of colonies were formed.
  • the lungs obtained from the groups treated with 2 x 10 4 and PBS did not show any noticeable changes in its size and also did not display the production of tumor colony while the one obtained from the group treated with 2 x 10 5 showed the presence of a small number of colonies and the number or colonies continuously increased until after 21 days of the treatment. Therefore the appropriate concentration of melanoma cell for the experiment of TMP ⁇ I anti-metastasis was determined as 2 x 10 5 .
  • mice of each group were administered with 300 ⁇ g or TMP ⁇ I derivatives, respectively, one day, 3 days and 6 days after the injection or B16F10.
  • the lung obtained 15 days after the injection was smaller than that in a control group and colony numbers were also remarkably decreased (Table 1).
  • Table 1 Result of Anti-metastatic Activity of DOPE/TMP Liposomes Classification Dose of TMP ⁇ I ( ⁇ g) No. of Colonies PBS - 200 ⁇ 20 DOPE/ TMP ⁇ I Liposome (1 1 wt ratio) 300 30 ⁇ 15
  • Liposomes were prepared by adding TMP ⁇ I to a mixture of 70% egg PC and 100% egg PC/Chol (1:1 molar ratio), and used for the anti-metastasis experiment.
  • B16F10 melanoma cells of 2 x 10 5 concentration were injected through tail veins of C57BL mice.
  • mice were treated with 250 ⁇ g of TMP ⁇ I-containing liposomes 1 hr after the injection or melanoma cell, treated with 250 ⁇ g of TMP ⁇ I-containing liposomes 3 days after the second injection of melanoma cell, and also treated with 250 ⁇ g of TMP ⁇ I-containing liposomes 7 days after the third injection of melanoma cell.
  • Lungs were obtained from each group after 15 days of the first injection of melanoma cells by removal after killing them by dislocating the cervical vertebra and colony numbers were compared (Table 2). Table 2. Result of Anti-metastatic Activity of TMP ⁇ I Liposomes comprising 70% PC and 100% PC Classification Dose of TMP ⁇ I ( ⁇ g) No.
  • the anti-metastatic activity of TMP ⁇ I concentration was examined using liposome compositions comprising 70% egg PC. Liposomes were added with cholesterol in addition to 70% egg PC in order to increase the stability or liposomes. The experiments of anti-metastatic activity were carried out with liposomes containing mixture of 70% egg PC, Chol, and TMP ⁇ I.
  • Anti-metastatic activities of various anti-metastatic liposomes were examined according to different compositions and also the liposomes added with anti-angiogenic agent (AG3340, Agouron Pharmaceuticals, USA) were examined for the anti-melastatic activities (Table 4).
  • Control liposomes were prepared by mixing 70% egg PC/Chol/Phytosphingosine in 4 : 4 : 1 wt ratio lipid to drug ratio was kept to 20: 1 wt ratio.
  • the liposome compositions and the effects are shown in the following table 4.
  • TMP ⁇ 1 and drugs (anti-angiogenic drugs) being administered were both set at 100 ⁇ g, and the TMP ⁇ 1 concentration remained the same regardless of the presence of a drug (an anti-angiogenic drug) in a given liposome.
  • Anti-metastatic activity was measured by using an emulsion prepared from a TMP ⁇ I derivative having anti-metastatic activity. Experiments were carried out as in Experimental Example 4 with the exception that the anti-metastatic emulsion was intraperitoneally administered. The lungs obtained from an untreated group (a control group) were compared with those treated with a TMP ⁇ I emulsion. The results showed that there were 250 colonies in the control group while there were 70 ⁇ 20 colonies in the group treated with a TMP ⁇ I emulsion. This value implies that anti-metastatic activity was more than 70% (Fig. 2).
  • LLC cancer cells The concentration of LLC cancer cells used was one million cancer cells per each mouse and tumor was induced by subcutaneous injection.
  • TMP ⁇ I liposomes were introduced into each mouse via intravenous injection and intraperitoneal injection (TMP ⁇ [ content: 100 ⁇ g).
  • the volume of cancer grew very large in control group and it showed that there was an active angiogenic progress around the cancer region.
  • the volume of cancer was remarkably decreased and the angiogenic progress was also much deteriorated.
  • an MMP-2 inhibitor was injected daily for the duration of 20 days after suspending it in tween/carboxymethyl cellulose, the volume of cancer was not much reduced; i.e., when AG3340, a positive control, was intraperitoneally injected there was a decrease of only about 30% in the volume of cancer.
  • TMP liposomes were abdominally injected there was a decrease in volume of about 85% while there was about 60% decrease in cancer volume when TMP liposomes were injected intravenously.
  • TMP ⁇ I liposomes and doxorubicin the conventional antitumor agent with cytotoxic agent
  • the melanoma cells of 2 x 10 5 per each mouse were intravenously injected, 33 ⁇ g of doxorubicin were administered immediately after the injection and also 3 days, 6 days and 9 days after the intravenous injection, respectively, and in another group was administered with 25 ⁇ g of doxorubicin along with TMP ⁇ I liposomes.
  • the result showed that anti-metastasis was more effective when TMP ⁇ I liposomes were administered in addition to doxorubicin than when doxorubicin was administered alone, even when less amount of doxorubicin was used (Fig. 3).
  • TMP ⁇ I liposomes Two different kinds were manufactured to examine in vivo toxicity and the cytotoxicity.
  • mice were intraperitoneally injected with 2000 ⁇ g of TMP ⁇ I-containing cationic liposomes and the same injection was repeated 3 days and 6 days after the first injection, respectively, and examined 15 days after the first injection, the mice were observed still alive. Moreover, when mice were intravenously injected with 1000 ⁇ g of DPPC/Chol/TMP ⁇ I liposomes 3 times as in the above and examined 15 days after the first injection, they were also still alive (Table 6).] Table 6.
  • In vivo Toxicity Test of TMP ⁇ I-containing Liposomes Classification Amount of Dosage ( ⁇ g) Adm. Routes Number of Dosage Lethality Rate (%) DOPE/ TMP ⁇ I 2000 intraperitoneal 3 0/5 (0) DPPC/Chol/ TMP ⁇ I 1000 intravenous 3 0/5 (0)
  • the present invention provided multi-functional liposomes comprising TMP, a phytosphingosine derivative of formula I, which can not only inhibit the metastasis and growth of cancer cells but also optimize the anti-metastatic effect when used in combination of other kinds of antitumor agents.
  • these anit-metastatic liposomes can exhibit anti-metastatic activities alone and thus they will be very useful in the delivery system of an antitumor agent and also able to reduce the amount of the dosage level of a given antitumor agent

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Claims (4)

  1. Utilisation d'un dérivé de phytosphingosine de formule I
    Figure imgb0006
    dans laquelle R1, R2 et R3 représentent, respectivement, un atome d'hydrogène ou un groupe alkyle en (C1-C8) à la condition que R1, R2 et R3 ne représentent pas simultanément un atome d'hydrogène ; et X représente un atome ou un groupe atomique contenant un atome d'halogène, un groupe hydroxyle, un groupe alkylsulfonate ou un groupe arylsulfonate pour la préparation d'un médicament pour une utilisation antitumorale.
  2. Utilisation selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle ledit dérivé de phytosphingosine est un halogénure de N, N, N-triméthylphytosphingosinium.
  3. Utilisation selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle ledit dérivé de phytosphingosine est contenu sous une forme de liposomes ou d'émulsion.
  4. Utilisation selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle ledit médicament contient une substance à activité anti-angiogénique ou un médicament anticancéreux cytotoxique en plus dudit dérivé de phytosphingosine.
EP01120732A 2001-09-05 2001-09-05 Dérivés de phytosphingosine avec une activité antitumorale Expired - Lifetime EP1291340B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE60117900T DE60117900D1 (de) 2001-09-05 2001-09-05 Phytosphingosinderivate mit Antitumorwirkung
EP01120732A EP1291340B1 (fr) 2001-09-05 2001-09-05 Dérivés de phytosphingosine avec une activité antitumorale

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP01120732A EP1291340B1 (fr) 2001-09-05 2001-09-05 Dérivés de phytosphingosine avec une activité antitumorale

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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JP2005531542A (ja) * 2002-05-02 2005-10-20 ドゥーサン コーポレイション Ｎ，ｎ−ジメチルフィトスフィンゴシンを含有する抗がん剤組成物
EP1539125A4 (fr) * 2002-08-14 2005-09-14 Kim Tae Yoon Composition comprenant des derives de phytosphingosine utiles dans l'induction de l'apoptose
NL1022443C2 (nl) 2003-01-20 2004-07-22 Tno Sphingolipiden voor verbetering van de samenstelling van de darmflora.
DE602004020316D1 (de) 2003-01-20 2009-05-14 Tno Die verwendung von sphingolipiden zur senkung der cholesterin- und triglyzeridspiegel im plasma.
KR100736145B1 (ko) 2004-06-01 2007-07-06 주식회사 두산 모노메틸파이토스핑고신-폴리에틸렌글리콜 및 그를 함유하는 항암 조성물
AU2005310341A1 (en) 2004-11-30 2006-06-08 Nederlandse Organisatie Voor Toegepast-Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek Tno Sphingolipids in treatment and prevention of steatosis and of steatosis or of hepatotoxicity and its sequelae
EP1661562A1 (fr) * 2004-11-30 2006-05-31 Nederlandse Organisatie voor toegepast-natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek TNO Utilisation de sphingolipides pour le traitement et la prévention de la stéatose

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US5190876A (en) * 1988-12-27 1993-03-02 Emory University Method of modifying cellular differentiation and function and compositions therefor
DE19533330A1 (de) * 1995-09-11 1997-03-13 Beiersdorf Ag Gegen Hautkrebs wirksame topische Zubereitungen
EP1159256A1 (fr) * 1999-03-09 2001-12-05 Cosmoferm B.V. Derives a base sphingoide et leurs utilisations
KR19990078610A (ko) * 1999-07-03 1999-11-05 김현준 피부보호용조성물

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