EP1288355A1 - Opening device for an open-end spinning head - Google Patents

Abstract

An open-end spinning assembly has a rotating opening cylinder (6) with an array of equidistantly spaced mechanical scraper lever-bars (17) fixed to and rotating with the cylinder. The lever bars raise loosened fibres from a comb. The pivoting scraper lever-bars (17) rise and fall by the application of opposing forces applied by a spring (31) and fixed L-shaped bar (16). The scraper lever-bars are parallel to the drum axis of rotation and fabricated of wire.

Description

The invention relates to a resolving device according to the Preamble of claim 1.

In addition to the rotor spinning process, other open-end spinning processes, like friction spinning, one Fiber feed to individual fibers by means of an opening roller dissolved. With such spinning processes it is to be avoided of fiber compression usually desirable that Fiber material all the way from the Feed device of the opening roller up to the take-off device of the thread can be accelerated constantly and the fibers on this way kept stretched and not be upset. The pull-off speed should not be Accept values that are too high. The peripheral speed of the The opening roller is limited because it is less than that Yarn take-off speed must be. The allowable speed such an opening roller is significantly lower than that Speed of an opening roller in a conventional open-end rotor spinning process is used. The high Circumferential speeds of the opening roller during rotor spinning contribute to an uneven resolution of the Fiber template and an increased removal of not or only to avoid incompletely resolved tufts of fibers. While in rotor spinning the opening roller usually with a Speed of about 8,000 revolutions per minute the speed of the opening roller during friction or air spinning due to the aforementioned conditions, for example 1,800 revolutions per minute. At such a low The speeds of the opening roller are the occurring ones Centrifugal forces so reduced that the loosening of the fibers from the opening roller is insufficiently supported. The Transfer of fibers from the opening roller to the respective one Collecting element, for example a perforated suction roller Coat, is accordingly bad. To see the impact of this Disintegration rollers are at least somewhat to mitigate used, the combing or opening elements, for example There are needles that are not in the direction of the opening roller are inclined.

Dissolving elements on opening rollers are usually below an angle of 15 to 20 degrees in the direction of travel Opening roller inclined to the retraction of the fibers and the Combing out the free end of the fiber template, the so-called fiber beard to favor. The in the running direction The front edge of the opening element is used in saw tooth sets Toothbrush called, the inclination in the direction of rotation as positive Breast angle is called. A positive chest angle however, makes it difficult to detach the fibers from the opening roller.

With needles that have no incline, the dissolve and the handover, for example, of a fiber template made from 100% Cotton exists, although possible, but the quality of the Combing process suffers considerably by not using the Tilt.

However, such measures are not enough to Fiber templates made from a blend of polyester and Cotton are made to dissolve satisfactorily and that To hand over the collective organ. After a short time, often after a few seconds, fibers are wrapped around the Opening roller, and the opening process is permanently disrupted or completely prevented.

From DE-AS 24 18 516 is a needle roller for feeding a Sliver for combing an open-end spinning device known, between the needles are bendable rods. The Rods are supposed to be an elastic pad into which the needles are placed a known device embedded up to its tip are, replace and a wrap on the needle roller prevent. The bars extend between two at the both ends of the roller arranged supports and allow compression or compression of the Sliver at the points where it rests on the rods. The sliver is fed through the rods to the feed table pressed. In order for this pressure to be exerted, the sliver must be so compact and thick that it pulls the rods out of their rest position deflects. The use of the bendable rods is therefore at a resolver limited to the feed roller.

CH-PS 620 949 describes a feed roller for one Combing cylinders in radial bores of the feed roller jacket has guided needles. The needles are between one Pull and an extended position moves. This is supposed to Dissolve the fibers between the feed roller and the comber roller be improved. A device with movable needles is mechanically complex and prone to failure. Through the movement the needles in the radial direction become fibers in pulled the gap between the needle and roller shell and get stuck there. When retracting the needles clamp the fibers in the radial bore and the needle block by wedge action. The use of saw teeth instead of needles it is not possible at all. Such devices have not prevailed.

With opening rollers that rotate at a speed of one Is many times greater than the speed of a feed roller, additional air flows are generated to the To influence fiber transport and the dissolution process.

DE 196 08 828 A1 shows an opening roller with Openings for generating radial air currents on the circumference is provided. The opening roller is with a set of teeth equipped.

The creation of air currents, however, creates one additional compressed air consumption at each spinning station, which at Spinning machines with their multitude of spinning positions are not one represents insignificant cost factor. Another disadvantage when using air currents, this causes that the speed of the air flow resulting from such perforated roller emerges, is higher than the speed a fiber that has just been detached from the rollers Blown fiber end from the air flow and the fiber in undesirably squashed.

The generic DE 198 50 518 A1 shows an opening roller, which the fiber beard together with a support roller combs out. This allows an additional Avoid compressed air consumption. The dissolution of slivers is improved, but not the problem of wrapping Fibers or inadequate handover of the fibers from the Opening roller to the collecting organ fixed.

The invention is based, the function of the task Improve opening roller.

This object is achieved by a Dissolving device with the features of claim 1 solved.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of Dependent claims.

With the opening roller according to the invention, fibers, depending according to the type of dissolving elements used, each from individual needles or teeth have been taken in Area of the collection organ and raised by the Dissolving elements or detached from the set become. The transfer of the fibers from the opening roller to the collection organ will be significantly improved. The extent of this Improvement even allows the needles or teeth of the Opening roller for better combing out with a positive breast angle without the Fiber transfer from the opening roller to the collecting element for Example with difficult to process fibers or Fiber blends, again is unduly impaired.

With function-supporting use of air currents the air pressure and thus the air consumption compared to known ones Devices used to detach the fibers from compressed air contribute to be significantly reduced. The negative pressure that leads to Suction of an opening roller is needed for example, can be reduced from 130 mbar to 50 mbar. The Stretching of the fibers during the transfer is improved.

The winding tendency of fibers on the opening roller in the above The low speeds mentioned can be reduced or entirely be resolved. Even fiber templates, the material from a Mixture of polyester and cotton can be made with Process the opening roller according to the invention well.

The opening device according to the invention has according to Claim 3, claim 4 and claim 5 between the Dissolving elements arranged transversely to the direction of rotation movable ejectors extending over the opening roller, which is preferably pivotally attached to the opening roller are. Everyone is advantageous essentially across Direction of rotation of the opening roller extending row of An ejector is assigned to opening elements. Such ejectors allow it in a simple way when reaching for the Place provided on the orbit for fiber transmission an evenly distributed across the width and to ensure reliable detachment of the entrained fibers.

A trained as a wire bracket according to claim 6 Ejector is easy and inexpensive to manufacture, easy through holes on both sides of the opening roller fasten and has only a small mass that can be moved got to.

In a preferred embodiment according to claim 7 is a stationary annular guide designed in such a way and arranged that under their influence the location of the respective rotating ejector cyclically to the opening roller changed. One cycle corresponds to one revolution of the Opening roller. In this way it is possible to determine the location of the Ejector to the opening roller of the respective position on the Assign circulation. The leadership is advantageous designed that inevitably through the curve Immersion of the ejector between the opening elements causes the respective rotating ejector as it passes the combing point farthest between the dissolving elements immersed and when passing the point at which the Separate fibers from the opening roller, the farthest from the Base body of the opening roller is lifted off. That's how they are Fibers always above the ejector, and the stripping process can be carried out without difficulty.

Is the speed of the opening roller so high that the Centrifugal force alone lifts the ejector is no longer necessary a device that has a corresponding of the opening roller applies outward radial force. Is the Speed of the opening roller reduced too much to the ejector can be safely lifted off the opening roller, the opening roller Have springs that have an outward force Apply and take off together with the centrifugal force effect the ejector safely.

Press both the centrifugal force and the spring force the ejectors against the annular guide and ensure that the ejector is always on the inner surface of the guide fit and follow the specified inner contour. At a such execution need neither special Drive devices even more complex Control devices are provided for moving the ejectors become.

The opening device according to the invention takes up little space and requires only a small amount of additional Components compared to a normal usual opening roller and can be produced inexpensively.

The resolving device according to the invention is next to the Use for spinning processes in which due to the Demand for constantly stretched fibers the speed of the Opening roller is limited, also suitable on open-end rotor spinning machines to be used to have fibers there large winding tendency to dissolve, circulation fibers respectively To prevent the formation of wraps or, for example, to lower gently To enable speeds of the opening rollers in chemical fibers.

Further details of the invention are based on the Representation of the figures explained.

Fig. 1

eine Prinzipdarstellung einer Offenend-Spinnstelle,

Fig. 2

eine Teilansicht einer Auflöseeinrichtung,

Fig. 3

eine perspektivische Teilansicht der Auflösewalze der Figur 2,

Fig. 4

eine Prinzipdarstellung der Führung der Auswerfer im Schnitt,

Fig. 5

eine perspektivische Teilansicht der Auflösewalze der Figur 2,

Fig. 6 und 7

ein Ausschnitt einer sägezahnbestückten Auflösewalze mit Auswerfern.

Show it:

Fig. 1

a schematic diagram of an open-end spinning station,

Fig. 2

a partial view of a dissolving device,

Fig. 3

2 shows a perspective partial view of the opening roller of FIG. 2,

Fig. 4

a schematic representation of the guidance of the ejector in section,

Fig. 5

2 shows a perspective partial view of the opening roller of FIG. 2,

6 and 7

a section of a sawtooth-equipped opening roller with ejectors.

At the spinning position shown in Figure 1 is a Sliver 1 passed through a spreading device 2 and in spread state of the opening device 3 presented. The Feed trough 4 presses the spread sliver 1 against the Feed roller 5 and forms with the feed roller 5 Nip that the end of the sliver 1, the so-called Beard, holds back. The opening roller 6 combs the fiber beard and dissolves the sliver 1 down to the single fiber. there rotates the opening roller 6 in the direction of arrow 7. Die Fibers are taken over by a vacuumed take-off roller 8 and brought together into a narrow ribbon. The The direction of rotation of the take-off roller 8 is indicated by the arrow 9 indicated. The take-off roller 8 and the pinch roller 10 form a clamping line that is traversed by the ribbon. The air spinning device 11 generates an air vortex which is used for Thread formation serves. Such air spinning devices are known for example from DE 196 10 960 A1. The thread 12 passes a trigger device 13 and becomes one For reasons of simplification, winding unit not shown promoted.

The partial view of the opening device 3 in FIG the sliver 1 between the feed trough 4 and the Feed roller 5 clamped and the opening roller 6 fed. The Opening roller 6 engages with the needles 14 Dissolving elements in the fiber beard of the sliver 1 and combs out fibers.

The inner contour 15 of the stationary annular guide 16 runs so eccentrically to the opening roller 6 that on Comb point the distance between the inner contour 15 and the Opening roller 6 is the lowest and in the area of the transfer zone to the take-off roller 8 is largest. On the inner contour 15 are those designed as a symmetrical wire bracket Ejector 17 with a section. The ejectors 17 are pivotable on side rims 18 of the opening roller 6 attached and thus run together with the opening roller 6 in Direction of arrow 19 around. Each ejector 17 is in introduced into the shelves 18 on both sides opposite bores held. During the rotation the opening roller 6, the ejector 17 with a steady Centrifugal force applied to the inner contour 15 of the Guide 16 pressed. The guide 16 is a plastic ring executed so that the ejector easily on the Inner contour 15 can slide. Because at the point of combing out the distance between inner contour 15 and opening roller 6 is low the ejector 17 out through the inner contour 15 so that they when passing the combing point farthest between the Immerse the needles 14. This position of the ejector also shows the Perspective view of Figure 3. The tips of the Needles 14 protrude beyond ejectors 17.

Seen in the direction of rotation of the opening roller 6, the gap between inner contour 15 and opening roller 6 after The point of combing is initially steadily larger. The one with the Centrifugal ejectors 17 lift on their Orbit continuously from the opening roller 6 until it at Passing the point at which the fibers separate from the Separate opening roller 6, the farthest from the main body of the Opening roller 6 are lifted off. The is across the Opening roller 6 extending part of the ejector 17 slightly further removed from the base body of the opening roller 6 as the Tips of the needles 14, as can be seen in Figure 4 and Figure 5 is.

This enables the needles 14 at the point of combing combed and carried fibers and lift from the To strip off needles.

FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the opening device in which one spring 31 acts on the ejector 17. The Spring 31 is designed as a compression spring and acts on the Ejector 17 with a substantially radially outward directed force. The effect of the spring 31 Centrifugal force, due to which the ejector 17 to the Inner contour of the guide 16 is pressed, supported. In a further embodiment, not shown one spring 31 at each end of the ejector 17 attack.

Figure 6 and Figure 7 show a portion of a Opening roller 20, the opening elements of which are teeth 21 are trained. An opening roller with a suitable set is known for example from DE 34 39 664 C2. The structure the opening device is analogous to the opening device 3 in Figures 1 and 2, the deviation essentially is that the opening roller 20 teeth 21 instead of needles having.

Figure 6 shows the position of the ejector 22 when passing the Comb point relative to the opening roller 20. The ejectors 22 lie with the crossbar on the partially dashed shown inner contour 23 of the guide 24 and dive deep in the incisions 25 between those in the axial direction formed rows of teeth. The incisions 25 are through the Chest surfaces 26 and back surfaces 27 of teeth 21 limited.

The teeth 21 have a positive breast angle β. On positive breast angle β, in particular a large breast angle β, contributes significantly to a good dissolution of the fiber material at. The teeth 21 comb from the fiber material template to Example of a sliver, as shown in Figure 2, Fibers 28 from. The fibers 28 lay around the Chest surface 26 of teeth 21 and are taken along. The Ejectors are under the fibers 28. Number and location of the Fibers 28 are only shown as examples. On the Transport path of the fibers 28 in the direction of rotation of the opening roller 20 (The direction of rotation is indicated by arrow 29) from Comb point to the point at which the fibers 28 attach to the Removal roller are transferred, the removes Inner contour 23 continuously from the base body of the opening roller 20. This allows the ejector 22 under the influence of Centrifugal force in their storage in the board 30 Opening roller 20 pivot outwards and away from the base body the opening roller 20 lift off. At the point where the fibers separate from the opening roller, the ejectors 22 are farthest off. This position of the ejector 22, relative to The opening roller 20 is shown in FIG. 7. The across the Opening roller 20 extending part of the ejector 22 is thereby farther than the tip of the teeth 21 from the main body of the Opening roller 20 removed. While taking off the Ejector 22, the fibers 28 are gripped by the ejectors 22 and lifted. At the latest when they top each Reach tooth 21, the fibers 28 detach from the Opening roller 20 and are transferred to the take-off roller The fibers 28 can already be detached from the respective tooth 21 by the beginning of the one facing the tooth tip Relative movement between fiber 28 and tooth 21 triggered become.

The stripping device according to the invention can be on a Integrate the opening device without difficulty. The Production and assembly of the components of the opening device can be done inexpensively in a simple manner. Additional drive elements are not required.

The invention is not based on those described Embodiments and application examples limited. To the Example can be used instead of a vacuumed pick-up roller perforated suction tape can be used, which is in Axis direction of the opening roller moves and on which the of the Detaching roller detached fibers are collected and removed.

Claims (10)

Disintegration device for an open-end spinning device with an encircling disintegration roller for disintegrating sliver slivers down to individual fibers, the disintegration roller having moving dislodging elements arranged in a fixed manner on its circumference and combing the fibers out of the sliver at a point of combing,
characterized in that the opening roller (6, 20) has a mechanical stripping device rotating therewith. Dissolving device according to claim 1, characterized in that the stripping device comprises ejectors (17, 22) which are movable relative to the opening roller (6, 20) and which are each arranged between the opening elements (14, 21). Dissolving device according to claim 2, characterized in that the ejectors (17, 22) extend transversely to the direction of rotation over the opening roller (6, 20). Dissolving device according to one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that an ejector (17, 22) is assigned to each row of dissolving elements (14, 21) which extends essentially transversely to the circumferential direction of the opening roller (6, 20). Dissolving device according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the ejectors (17, 22) are each pivotally attached to the opening roller (6, 20). Dissolving device according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the ejectors (17, 22) are designed as wire brackets. Dissolving device according to one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that a stationary annular guide (16, 24) for the ejectors (17, 22) is designed and arranged such that the position of the respective rotating ejector (17, 22) for the opening roller (6, 20) is changed cyclically and one cycle corresponds to one revolution of the opening roller (6, 20). Dissolving device according to claim 7, characterized in that the guide (16, 24) is shaped in such a way that the ejection (17, 22) between the opening elements (14, 21) and each rotating ejector (17 , 22) when passing the combing point is immersed the most between the dissolving elements (14, 21) and when passing the point at which the fibers (28) separate from the dissolving roller (6, 20) is most distant from the main body of the dissolving roller , Dissolving device according to one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that the stripping device is designed such that the ejectors (17, 22) are lifted off the opening roller (6, 20) by centrifugal force. Dissolving device according to one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that the stripping device has springs (31) which engage the ejectors (17, 22) and which have the effect of the centrifugal force for lifting the ejectors (17, 22) with an essentially outward direction support directed force.

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