EP1271091A1 - Pyrotechnic activation safety-system - Google Patents
Pyrotechnic activation safety-system Download PDFInfo
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- EP1271091A1 EP1271091A1 EP02291376A EP02291376A EP1271091A1 EP 1271091 A1 EP1271091 A1 EP 1271091A1 EP 02291376 A EP02291376 A EP 02291376A EP 02291376 A EP02291376 A EP 02291376A EP 1271091 A1 EP1271091 A1 EP 1271091A1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pyrotechnic
- pyrotechnic composition
- reserve
- activate
- igniter
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- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 43
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000001141 propulsive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 5
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
- F42C15/40—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein the safety or arming action is effected electrically
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an activation system pyrotechnic security. It applies in particular to the initiation pyrotechnics of propulsion systems and the priming of rockets, in the field for example ammunition carried under aircraft (missiles or bombs).
- pyrotechnic activation is a pyrotechnic initiation (ie a firing), that is to say the priming an explosion.
- ammunition propulsion systems airborne are initiated by one or more electrical orders issued by the plane, on order of the pilot.
- the initiation of propulsive systems say the firing of the ignition chain, is instantaneous. It sometimes exists a state of security of the ammunition, state in which the propulsive systems can not learn. This state of safety makes it possible to avoid accidents during the storage of the ammunition, during their handling, during their disassembly ...
- An object of the invention is to solve the aforementioned problems, and in particular to have a secure pyrotechnic activation system not requiring the use of a mechanical force for its activation, and can be autonomous after its release.
- the main advantages of the invention are that it makes it possible to activate the remote system carrier, it is simple to integrate and achieve, that it is reliable, safe, and economical.
- the invention applies in particular to the initiation of thrusters and to the priming of explosive systems intended to be dropped from a carrier.
- These systems can be ammunition such as bombs or missiles.
- ammunition such as bombs or missiles.
- the invention applies to any type of system intended for be dropped, the system is not necessarily a bomb, the carrier not necessarily an airplane.
- the bombs can be grouped into three families: the bombs, bombs with guide kit (still called 'bombs kites "), and bombs with range augmentation kit.
- the FUS rocket includes a pyrotechnic composition priming (not shown).
- This pyrotechnic priming composition is more simply called a primer.
- this primer detonates, which leads to the detonation of the explosive charge.
- This M2 bomb mainly includes a CBD bomb body, a FUS rocket, and a KGA guide kit, KGR.
- This guide kit includes two parts, one placed at the front KGA and the other at the rear KGR of the bomb. GV control surfaces are placed on this kit.
- the guide kit replaces empennage of smooth bombs. It allows to direct the M2 bomb more effectively using GV control surfaces and increasing their range.
- This M3 bomb includes mainly a CBD bomb body, a FUS rocket, a guidance kit KGA, KGR, and PRO propulsion system, IP.
- the propulsive system and kit guiding constitute the range increase kit.
- the propulsive system PRO, IP can be placed at the back of the M3 bomb in the guide kit rear KGR. It includes a PRO booster and an initiation system pyrotechnic IP.
- PRO booster includes compositions pyrotechnics (not shown).
- the IP pyrotechnic initiation system includes a pyrotechnic initiation composition.
- This pyrotechnic composition initiation is more simply called an igniter.
- the igniter allows to bring a first composition into combustion pyrotechnic propellant.
- This first pyrotechnic composition of the thruster can in turn to bring into combustion regime other compositions pyrotechnics chain.
- These first pyrotechnic compositions constitute what is called the ignition system of the thruster. Chain ignition system makes a final composition pyrotechnic propellant. The combustion of this last composition pyrotechnic, called pyrotechnic propulsive composition, propels the bomb.
- the propulsive system can further increase the range of bombs, while keeping a good precision thanks to the guide kit.
- a measuring device SA is placed partly upper body of bomb. This measuring device makes it possible to carry out measurements of the environment outside the bomb. Before being dropped, the bomb M1, M2 or M3 can be stowed to the plane by hooks F1, F2.
- the FUS rocket being placed in the heart of the CBD bomb body, a gutter G1 can connect the measuring device SA and the rocket FUS. A cable electric (not shown) placed in this gutter can connect the SA measuring device and FUS rocket.
- a link connects the IP pyrotechnic initiation system with the FUS rocket.
- This connection can be made by an electric cable placed in a second gutter G2.
- information and / or commands can be issued from the FUS rocket to the system IP pyrotechnic initiation.
- We can thus save the components security management systems performing common functions between the FUS rocket and the IP pyrotechnic initiation system.
- the traction sensor SL can be constituted by a connected magnet mechanically to the wire SL, said magnet being placed in the middle of a coil.
- the traction of the wire causes the movement of the magnet in the coil, which creates current.
- the tower sensor comprises for example a valve.
- This valve is placed on top of the bomb, and is in contact with the plane when the bomb is under the plane.
- the aircraft exerts on the valve a force which tends to the to close.
- the sensor may further comprise a spring placed under the valve, which tends to open the valve in the absence of resistance. So, the flapper is open when the bomb is no longer under the plane, and closed when the bomb is under the plane.
- An electrical circuit of the tower sensor makes it possible to generate a signal according to the position of the valve, and thus to detect the presence of the plane.
- the wind speed sensor can be a wind turbine, which generates an alternating signal whose frequency is proportional to the speed of rotation of the wind turbine.
- the IP pyrotechnic initiation system comprises a FL igniter.
- This FL igniter is initially uninitiated. When he is initiated, it enters the combustion regime.
- the FL igniter is aligned with the chain of ignition of the thruster. In other words, no flap or mechanical system makes no obstacle between the ignition system and the igniter, so that when the igniter is initiated, it brings in combustion regime of the ignition system of the thruster.
- the FL igniter is insensitive. Only electric power greater than a certain threshold can initiate the FL igniter.
- the currents interference or electromagnetic interference can not initiate FL igniter. For example, a 1A / 1W igniter is used. A current of 1A with a power of 1W for 5 minutes is not enough to initiate this igniter. We use a high energy electric pulse to initiate this igniter.
- the IP pyrotechnic initiation system includes a reserve of Al electrical energy.
- This reserve of electric energy Al is initially not activated. In this state, this reserve delivers by energy. energy contained in this reserve is preserved.
- This reserve Al is intended for be activated to deliver energy.
- this reserve of energy is a thermal pile.
- An electrical circuit including safety switches connects the thermal stack Al and the igniter FL.
- three switches Safety I1, 12, 13 are connected in series on this circuit. They can be respectively controlled by safety management means V1, V2, V3. These switches open the electrical circuit.
- the switches I1, 12, 13 allow or prevent the thermal stack Al to deliver a supply to the FL igniter. When the circuit electrical system is closed and that the thermal battery Al is activated, it delivers enough energy to initiate the FL igniter.
- the switches I1, 12, 13 are technologies different to avoid common failure modes.
- the I1 switch can be an electronic transistor
- the switch 12 can be a relay electromechanical
- the switch 13 may be an electronic transistor of different technology from I1.
- switches I1, I2, and 13 are placed on the and other positive poles PP and negative PN of the FL igniter.
- switches I1 and 12 are on the positive pole side PP, and the switch 13 on the side of the negative pole PN. This makes the circuit more reliable.
- a selector 14 with manual control MA is placed in the electrical circuit connecting the FL igniter and the thermal battery HAVE.
- This selector makes it possible to inhibit the power supply of the igniter FL manually. He has a first position "security” and a second position "off security". In his first security position, he opens the electrical circuit between the negative pole PN of the igniter FL and the mass, and at the same time closes a connection between the positive pole PP of FL igniter and mass. In this way, in this first position, the selector opens the ignition circuit of the FL igniter on the one hand, and bypass the FL igniter on the other hand. In others In other words, the first position (“safety”) inhibits the FL igniter. In his second position (“off security”), this selector no longer inhibits the igniter FL. Thus, the weapon can be put manually in the safety position for its handling for example.
- the safety management means V1, V2, V3 can be electrically powered (power circuit not shown) by an external power supply AE.
- This external power supply AE can come from of the plane for example.
- a C1 connector of the initiation system pyrotechnic can connect the external power supply AE to the battery thermal Al for example.
- the thermal battery Al is activated, thus creating a potential difference at its terminals. She then delivers a power supply substituting for that delivered by the aircraft.
- This sequence does not take place in a nominal way in case accident.
- a first example is a accidental traction of the SL wire (collision with a bird). In this example, the issuance of an intention to fire will not be followed by the dropping of the bomb.
- a second example is the accidental release of the bomb (bomb is bad) secured to the bearer). In this example, the release will not be preceded by a issue of a shooting intention.
- the means of safety management V1, V2, V3 detect a non-nominal sequence. They inhibit the initiation of the FL igniter. In other words, the means of safety management V1, V2, V3 maintain at least one of the switches I1, I2, I3 open so as to prevent the heat stack Al from delivering a supply to the FL igniter.
- the security management means V1, V2, V3 When the security management means V1, V2, V3 detect a nominal operational sequence, they command the closure of switches I1, 12, I3. In other words, they allow the Al thermal battery supplying a supply to the FL igniter. The FL igniter is then initiated what brings in the propeller ignition system in regime of combustion.
- the first drop environment E1 can be for example the traction of the SL wire, the absence of contact between the plane and the bomb, the speed of the wind outside the bomb, a coded message from the plane ... On take for example the traction of the wire SL.
- the measuring device SA can be electrically connected by a C2 connection to the first means of Verification V1. This connection C2 makes it possible to have signals generated by the traction sensor of the SL wire.
- the first Drop environment E1 is thus converted into electrical signals.
- the first verification means V1 can command the closure of the switch I1 if this first drop environment E1 is detected, it is to say if the traction of the wire SL is detected by the traction sensor.
- a command signal can be issued to the thermal battery Al to activate it.
- the second drop environment E2 can be for example the wind speed outside the bomb. This second drop environment E2 is different from the first drop environment E1, so that avoid initiating the pyrotechnic initiation system following an accident (collision with a bird).
- the measuring device SA can be connected electrically via a connection C3 to the second verification means V2. This connection C3 makes it possible to dispose of the generated electrical signals by the wind turbine.
- the second drop environment E2 is thus converted into electrical signals.
- the second verification means V2 can control the closing switch 12 if this second drop environment is detected.
- the verification means V1, V2 use two independent channels (components dedicated to each function) to act on the safety switches I1, I2.
- the verification means V1, V2 comprise timing means, arranged to transmit the first and second control signals after determined delays.
- the first control signal is transmitted to the switch I1 after a delay T1
- the second control signal is transmitted to the switch 12 after a delay T2.
- T1 and T2 delays protect the pilots in case of abnormal operation of the propulsion system for example (ignition explosion).
- the delay means are different technologies.
- the first delay means can be at quartz
- the second delay means can be a clock RC (clock resistance and capacity).
- the management means in addition to a V3 sequencing analysis means, to emit a third command signal if the first and second control signals are received in a specified order in a window given time, the third control signal acting on one or several of the safety switches 13 so as to initiate the igniter FL.
- the means for analyzing the sequencing V3 receives the signals of controlling the first and second verification means V1, V2. If these control signals are received in order and in a window determined time, the analysis means of the sequencing V3 can order the closing of the switch I3. The three switches I1, 12, and 13 are in closed position. If the selector 14 is in its second position ("Off safety"), the thermal stack Al initiates the igniter FL. This one enters in combustion, which brings the ignition system propellant pyrotechnic composition in the combustion regime.
- the switch 13 remains open. This corresponds to a non-nominal sequence.
- the initiation system further comprises FU sterilization means for preventing irreversibly the reserve of electric energy Al to deliver a supply to the FL igniter after a non-nominal sequence.
- FU sterilization means may be of the fuse type.
- this fuse is placed on a control circuit of one of the switches I1, I2 or 13, so as to leave this switch open.
- the fuse can be placed on the control circuit of the switch I1. This is preferable to placing a fuse directly on the circuit connecting the thermal stack Al to the igniter FL because the necessary energy to melt it would be very important (the igniter FL is not very sensitive, a strong current must flow on this circuit).
- This sterilization allows, in case of a non operational sequence nominal, the return on base of the bomb in a state where the FL igniter can not be initiated electrically anymore.
- FIG. 5 an example of assembly of the IP pyrotechnic initiation system on a propulsion system such as that of the M3 munition (Figure 3).
- the thruster PRO has a cylindrical cavity in which the chain is located ignition CHA and propellant pyrotechnic composition CPP.
- the propellant pyrotechnic composition CPP can be a propellant ring concentric with the axis AX of the cavity for example.
- the outer wall of the cavity is crossed in its lower part INF (that is to say on the side rear of the bomb M3) by a nozzle TUY.
- the nozzle helps to guide the gas resulting from the combustion of the propellant pyrotechnic composition CPP from the inside of the cavity to the outside EX.
- the TUY nozzle presents a rotation axis of symmetry coincides with the axis AX of the cavity.
- the IP pyrotechnical initiation system can be attached to the lower INF of the cavity, so as to be accessible from the outside without requiring dismantling other elements of the bomb.
- the FL igniter (FIG. 6) is housed in a structure made of a KT material having a very high coefficient of thermal attenuation.
- This structure can have a cylindrical shape for example.
- This CAP pyrotechnic rod is housed in the PRO propeller cavity.
- the propeller cavity PRO itself has a thermal protection ISO.
- this CAP can protect the FL igniter by limiting heat transfer by conduction to through the pyrotechnic initiation system. This delays self-ignition FL igniter in case of fire.
- the BOI box of the system IP pyrotechnic initiation is a conductive material. So, this case constitutes a Faraday cage protecting the electronic components of the IP pyrotechnic initiation system.
- These electronic components, such as the security management means V1, V2, V3 can be collected on an electronic card CE.
- the BOI housing may comprise fixing holes T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6 intended to be placed opposite threaded holes in the cavity of the propeller PRO.
- the threaded holes (not shown) of the cavity can be made in bosses of the lower wall INF of the cavity.
- An NC connector can group connections C1, C2, C3.
- this connector is accessible from the outside once the IP pyrotechnical initiation system fixed on the PRO propeller cavity.
- the system of initiation can easily be removed from the bomb (the initiation system is attached to the thruster by means of screws).
- the thermal battery Al and the pyrotechnic rod CAP are fixed by means of nuts ECR1, ECR2 to BOI housing.
- Al heat stack and cane Pyrotechnic CAP can easily be dismantled BOI box. he simply remove the SD welds connecting the thermal battery Al and the pyrotechnic rod CAP (FL igniter) to the electronic board CE on the one hand, and unscrew the nuts ECR1, ECR2 on the other hand.
- Functional tests can be performed by connecting a control device at the NC connector.
- the heat stack Al and the sterilization means FU are inhibited.
- the invention is not limited to this example of implementation. work, described by way of illustration.
- the reserve of electrical energy Al is not necessarily a thermal battery. We can use instead capacities loaded by the aircraft's power supply.
- the invention also applies to rockets.
- FL igniter is then replaced by a primer.
- the igniter of a Propellant and the primer of a rocket are pyrotechnic compositions. They are activated, ie initiated for the igniter, and initiated for the rocket, by an electrical impulse.
- the invention applies of course to any type of system intended to be dropped.
- missiles dropped from a submarine or an airplane door For example, missiles dropped from a submarine or an airplane door.
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Abstract
Description
La présente invention concerne un système d'activation pyrotechnique sécurisé. Elle s'applique notamment à l'initiation pyrotechnique des systèmes propulsifs et à l'amorçage des fusées, dans le domaine par exemple des munitions portées sous avion (missiles ou bombes).The present invention relates to an activation system pyrotechnic security. It applies in particular to the initiation pyrotechnics of propulsion systems and the priming of rockets, in the field for example ammunition carried under aircraft (missiles or bombs).
Selon le contexte, on désigne par « activation pyrotechnique » soit une initiation pyrotechnique (c'est à dire une mise à feu), soit l'amorçage d'une explosion. Aujourd'hui, les systèmes propulsifs des munitions aéroportées sont initiés par un ou plusieurs ordres électriques émis par l'avion, sur commande du pilote. L'initiation des systèmes propulsifs, c'est à dire la mise à feu de la chaíne d'allumage, est instantanée. Il existe parfois un état de sécurité des munitions, état dans lequel les systèmes propulsifs ne peuvent pas s'initier. Cet état de sécurité permet d'éviter des accidents lors du stockage des munitions, lors de leur manutention, lors de leur désassemblage...Depending on the context, the term "pyrotechnic activation" is a pyrotechnic initiation (ie a firing), that is to say the priming an explosion. Today, ammunition propulsion systems airborne are initiated by one or more electrical orders issued by the plane, on order of the pilot. The initiation of propulsive systems say the firing of the ignition chain, is instantaneous. It sometimes exists a state of security of the ammunition, state in which the propulsive systems can not learn. This state of safety makes it possible to avoid accidents during the storage of the ammunition, during their handling, during their disassembly ...
Une solution connue consiste à désaligner le système d'initiation pyrotechnique et la chaíne d'allumage. Lorsque le système d'initiation est désaligné, il ne peut initier même accidentellement, la chaíne d'allumage. On utilise une force mécanique pour rendre l'arme active. Cette force mécanique permet d'aligner le système d'initiation pyrotechnique avec la chaíne d'allumage. On utilise par exemple la force de traction exercée par un fil appelé « sécurité de largage » (SL), tiré par le pilote. En cas de traction accidentelle du fil SL (collision avec un oiseau par exemple), un tel système devient dangereux car il ne peut plus retourner à un état de sécurité. Ce problème est lié à l'utilisation d'une force mécanique pour lever la sécurité. L'utilisation d'une force mécanique présente d'autres inconvénients :
- la réalisation de tels dispositifs est complexe par rapport à des dispositifs électroniques ;
- il n'est pas possible de tester facilement le bon fonctionnement du système d'initiation sans le rendre réellement actif.
- the realization of such devices is complex compared to electronic devices;
- it is not possible to easily test the proper functioning of the initiation system without actually making it active.
De plus, afin de garantir la sécurité des avions et des pilotes, l'initiation devrait avoir lieu à distance de l'avion. Il se pose alors le problème de l'autonomie en énergie, après la séparation de l'arme (missile ou bombe) de l'avion. In addition, to ensure the safety of aircraft and pilots, initiation should take place away from the aircraft. It then arises problem of energy autonomy, after the separation of the weapon (missile or bomb) of the plane.
Un but de l'invention est de résoudre les problèmes précités, et notamment de disposer d'un système d'activation pyrotechnique sécurisé ne nécessitant pas l'emploi d'une force mécanique pour son activation, et pouvant être autonome après son largage.An object of the invention is to solve the aforementioned problems, and in particular to have a secure pyrotechnic activation system not requiring the use of a mechanical force for its activation, and can be autonomous after its release.
A cet effet l'invention concerne un système d'activation
pyrotechnique d'un système destiné à être largué d'un porteur. Le système
d'activation comprend au moins les éléments suivants :
L'invention a pour principaux avantages qu'elle permet d'activer le système à distance du porteur, qu'elle est simple à intégrer et à réaliser, qu'elle est fiable, sûre, et économique.The main advantages of the invention are that it makes it possible to activate the remote system carrier, it is simple to integrate and achieve, that it is reliable, safe, and economical.
La présente invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description détaillée d'un mode réalisation, pris à titre d'exemple non limitatif et illustré par les dessins annexés, sur lesquels :
- les figures 1, 2 et 3 sont des exemples de munitions dans lesquelles l'invention peut être utilisée ;
- la figure 4 est schéma fonctionnel sur lequel est illustré un exemple de système d'initiation pyrotechnique selon l'invention ;
- la figure 5 une vue d'un exemple d'assemblage du système d'initiation pyrotechnique représenté sur la figure 4 sur un système propulsif tel que celui de la bombe représentée sur la figure 3,
- la figure 6 est une vue de détail de la figure 5,
- les figures 7, 8, 9 sont différentes vues du système d'initiation représenté sur la figure 4.
- Figures 1, 2 and 3 are examples of ammunition in which the invention may be used;
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram on which is illustrated an example of a pyrotechnic initiation system according to the invention;
- FIG. 5 is a view of an assembly example of the pyrotechnic initiation system shown in FIG. 4 on a propulsion system such as that of the bomb shown in FIG. 3,
- FIG. 6 is a detail view of FIG. 5,
- Figures 7, 8, 9 are different views of the initiation system shown in Figure 4.
L'invention s'applique notamment à l'initiation des propulseurs et à l'amorçage d'explosif de systèmes destinés à être largués d'un porteur. Ces systèmes peuvent être des munitions telles que les bombes ou des missiles. Dans l'exposé qui suit, on prendra l'exemple d'une bombe portée par un avion. Bien entendu, l'invention s'applique à tout type de système destiné à être largué, le système n'étant pas nécessairement une bombe, le porteur n'étant pas nécessairement un avion.The invention applies in particular to the initiation of thrusters and to the priming of explosive systems intended to be dropped from a carrier. These systems can be ammunition such as bombs or missiles. In the following presentation, we will take the example of a bomb carried by a plane. Of course, the invention applies to any type of system intended for be dropped, the system is not necessarily a bomb, the carrier not necessarily an airplane.
Les bombes peuvent être regroupées en trois familles: les bombes lisses, les bombes avec kit de guidage (appelées encore « bombes kitées »), et les bombes avec kit d'augmentation de portée.The bombs can be grouped into three families: the bombs, bombs with guide kit (still called 'bombs kites "), and bombs with range augmentation kit.
En référence à la figure 1, on décrit un exemple de bombe lisse M1. Cette bombe M1 comprend principalement :
- un corps de bombe CDB, contenant une composition pyrotechnique appelée chargement explosif (non représenté), ce corps de bombe CDB étant placé en partie avant de la bombe M1,
- une fusée FUS, contenue dans le coeur du corps de bombe CDB, destinée à amorcer le chargement explosif,
- un empennage lisse EMP, placé derrière le corps de bombe, c'est à dire en partie arrière de la bombe, assurant par aérodynamisme un guidage rudimentaire de la bombe M1.
- a CDB bomb body, containing a pyrotechnic composition called an explosive charge (not shown), this CBD bomb body being placed in front of the M1 bomb,
- a FUS rocket, contained in the core of the CBD bomb body, intended to initiate the explosive charge,
- a smooth tail emp, placed behind the bomb body, ie in the rear part of the bomb, ensuring aerodynamically a rudimentary guidance of the bomb M1.
La fusée FUS comprend une composition pyrotechnique d'amorçage (non représentée). Cette composition pyrotechnique d'amorçage s'appelle plus simplement une amorce. Pour amorcer le chargement explosif, cette amorce détonne, ce qui entraíne la détonation du chargement explosif.The FUS rocket includes a pyrotechnic composition priming (not shown). This pyrotechnic priming composition is more simply called a primer. To start the explosive charge, this primer detonates, which leads to the detonation of the explosive charge.
En référence à la figure 2, on décrit un exemple de bombe kitée M2. Cette bombe M2 comprend principalement un corps de bombe CDB, une fusée FUS, et un kit de guidage KGA, KGR. Ce kit de guidage comprend deux parties, l'une placée à l'avant KGA et l'autre à l'arrière KGR de la bombe. Des gouvernes GV sont placées sur ce kit. Le kit de guidage remplace l'empennage des bombes lisses. Il permet de diriger la bombe M2 plus efficacement au moyen des gouvernes GV et d'en augmenter la portée. With reference to FIG. 2, an example of a kitten bomb is described. M2. This M2 bomb mainly includes a CBD bomb body, a FUS rocket, and a KGA guide kit, KGR. This guide kit includes two parts, one placed at the front KGA and the other at the rear KGR of the bomb. GV control surfaces are placed on this kit. The guide kit replaces empennage of smooth bombs. It allows to direct the M2 bomb more effectively using GV control surfaces and increasing their range.
En référence à la figure 3, on décrit un exemple de bombe M3 avec kit d'augmentation de portée. Cette bombe M3 comprend principalement un corps de bombe CDB, une fusée FUS, un kit de guidage KGA, KGR, et un système propulsif PRO, IP. Le système propulsif et kit de guidage constituent le kit d'augmentation de portée. Le système propulsif PRO, IP peut être placé à l'arrière de la bombe M3 dans le kit de guidage arrière KGR. Il comprend un propulseur PRO et un système d'initiation pyrotechnique IP. Le propulseur PRO comprend des compositions pyrotechniques (non représentées).With reference to FIG. 3, an example of an M3 bomb is described. with span increase kit. This M3 bomb includes mainly a CBD bomb body, a FUS rocket, a guidance kit KGA, KGR, and PRO propulsion system, IP. The propulsive system and kit guiding constitute the range increase kit. The propulsive system PRO, IP can be placed at the back of the M3 bomb in the guide kit rear KGR. It includes a PRO booster and an initiation system pyrotechnic IP. PRO booster includes compositions pyrotechnics (not shown).
Le système d'initiation pyrotechnique IP comprend une composition pyrotechnique d'initiation. Cette composition pyrotechnique d'initiation s'appelle plus simplement un inflammateur. L'inflammateur permet de faire entrer en régime de combustion une première composition pyrotechnique propulseur.The IP pyrotechnic initiation system includes a pyrotechnic initiation composition. This pyrotechnic composition initiation is more simply called an igniter. The igniter allows to bring a first composition into combustion pyrotechnic propellant.
Cette première composition pyrotechnique du propulseur peut à son tour faire entrer en régime de combustion d'autres compositions pyrotechniques en chaíne. Ces premières compositions pyrotechniques constituent ce qu'on appelle la chaíne d'allumage du propulseur. La chaíne d'allumage fait entrer en régime de combustion une dernière composition pyrotechnique du propulseur. La combustion de cette dernière composition pyrotechnique, appelée composition pyrotechnique propulsive, propulse la bombe.This first pyrotechnic composition of the thruster can in turn to bring into combustion regime other compositions pyrotechnics chain. These first pyrotechnic compositions constitute what is called the ignition system of the thruster. Chain ignition system makes a final composition pyrotechnic propellant. The combustion of this last composition pyrotechnic, called pyrotechnic propulsive composition, propels the bomb.
Par rapport aux deux familles de bombes sans système propulsif, le système propulsif permet d'augmenter encore la portée des bombes, tout en gardant une bonne précision grâce au kit de guidage.Compared to the two families of bombs without propulsion system, the propulsive system can further increase the range of bombs, while keeping a good precision thanks to the guide kit.
Conformément aux figures 1, 2 et 3, selon un mode de réalisation préférentiel de l'invention, un dispositif de mesure SA est placé en partie supérieure du corps de bombe. Ce dispositif de mesure permet d'effectuer des mesures de l'environnement à l'extérieur de la bombe. Avant d'être larguée, la bombe M1, M2 ou M3 peut être arrimée à l'avion par des crochets F1, F2. La fusée FUS étant placée au coeur du corps de bombe CDB, une gouttière G1 peut relier le dispositif de mesure SA et la fusée FUS. Un câble électrique (non représenté) placé dans cette gouttière permet de relier le dispositif de mesure SA et la fusée FUS. According to FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, according to one embodiment of the invention, a measuring device SA is placed partly upper body of bomb. This measuring device makes it possible to carry out measurements of the environment outside the bomb. Before being dropped, the bomb M1, M2 or M3 can be stowed to the plane by hooks F1, F2. The FUS rocket being placed in the heart of the CBD bomb body, a gutter G1 can connect the measuring device SA and the rocket FUS. A cable electric (not shown) placed in this gutter can connect the SA measuring device and FUS rocket.
Conformément à la figure 3, selon un mode de réalisation avantageux, une liaison relie le système d'initiation pyrotechnique IP avec la fusée FUS. Cette liaison peut être réalisée par un câble électrique placé dans une seconde gouttière G2. Grâce à cette liaison, des informations et/ou des commandes peuvent être émises de la fusée FUS vers le système d'initiation pyrotechnique IP. On peut ainsi économiser les composants électroniques de gestion de sécurité réalisant des fonctions communes entre la fusée FUS et le système d'initiation pyrotechnique IP. On peut aussi utiliser les mesures réalisées par le dispositif de mesure SA en utilisant une liaison de type série, ce qui rend l'assemblage et le désassemblage de la bombe plus facile.According to Figure 3, according to one embodiment advantageously, a link connects the IP pyrotechnic initiation system with the FUS rocket. This connection can be made by an electric cable placed in a second gutter G2. Through this link, information and / or commands can be issued from the FUS rocket to the system IP pyrotechnic initiation. We can thus save the components security management systems performing common functions between the FUS rocket and the IP pyrotechnic initiation system. Can also use the measurements made by the measuring device SA using a serial link, which makes the assembly and disassembly of the bomb easier.
Le dispositif de mesure SA peut comprendre :
- un capteur de traction du fil SL, destiné à mesurer la traction du fil SL,
- un capteur de pylône, destiné à détecter la présence ou non de l'avion,
- un capteur de la vitesse du vent, destiné à mesurer la vitesse du vent.
- a traction sensor of the wire SL, intended to measure the traction of the wire SL,
- a pylon sensor, intended to detect the presence or absence of the aircraft,
- a wind speed sensor, designed to measure the wind speed.
Le capteur de traction SL peut être constitué par un aimant relié mécaniquement au fil SL, ledit aimant étant placé au coeur d'une bobine. La traction du fil entraíne le mouvement de l'aimant dans la bobine, ce qui crée un courant.The traction sensor SL can be constituted by a connected magnet mechanically to the wire SL, said magnet being placed in the middle of a coil. The traction of the wire causes the movement of the magnet in the coil, which creates current.
Le capteur de pylône comprend par exemple un clapet. Ce clapet est placé sur le dessus de la bombe, et est en contact avec l'avion lorsque la bombe est sous l'avion. L'avion exerce sur le clapet une force qui tend à le fermer. Le capteur peut comprendre en outre un ressort placé sous le clapet, qui tend à ouvrir le clapet en l'absence de résistance. Ainsi, le clapet est ouvert lorsque la bombe n'est plus sous l'avion, et fermé lorsque la bombe est sous l'avion. Un circuit électrique du capteur de pylône permet de générer un signal en fonction de la position du clapet, et donc de détecter la présence de l'avion.The tower sensor comprises for example a valve. This valve is placed on top of the bomb, and is in contact with the plane when the bomb is under the plane. The aircraft exerts on the valve a force which tends to the to close. The sensor may further comprise a spring placed under the valve, which tends to open the valve in the absence of resistance. So, the flapper is open when the bomb is no longer under the plane, and closed when the bomb is under the plane. An electrical circuit of the tower sensor makes it possible to generate a signal according to the position of the valve, and thus to detect the presence of the plane.
Le capteur de vitesse du vent peut être une éolienne, qui génère un signal alternatif dont la fréquence est proportionnelle à la vitesse de rotation de l'éolienne.The wind speed sensor can be a wind turbine, which generates an alternating signal whose frequency is proportional to the speed of rotation of the wind turbine.
Conformément à la figure 4, sur laquelle est illustré un mode de réalisation préférentiel, le système d'initiation pyrotechnique IP comprend un inflammateur FL. Cet inflammateur FL est initialement non initié. Lorsqu'il est initié, il entre en régime de combustion. L'inflammateur FL est aligné avec la chaíne d'allumage du propulseur. En d'autres termes, aucun clapet ou système mécanique ne fait d'obstacle entre la chaíne d'allumage et l'inflammateur, de sorte que lorsque l'inflammateur est initié, il fait entrer en régime de combustion la chaíne d'allumage du propulseur. Pour des raisons de sécurité, l'inflammateur FL est peu sensible. Seule une énergie électrique supérieure à un certain seuil peut initier l'inflammateur FL. Les courants parasites ou les perturbations électromagnétiques ne peuvent pas initier l'inflammateur FL. On utilise par exemple un inflammateur 1A/1W. Un courant de 1A avec une puissance de 1W pendant 5 minutes ne suffit pas à initier cet inflammateur. On utilise une impulsion électrique de forte énergie pour initier cet inflammateur.In accordance with Figure 4, on which is illustrated a mode of preferred embodiment, the IP pyrotechnic initiation system comprises a FL igniter. This FL igniter is initially uninitiated. When he is initiated, it enters the combustion regime. The FL igniter is aligned with the chain of ignition of the thruster. In other words, no flap or mechanical system makes no obstacle between the ignition system and the igniter, so that when the igniter is initiated, it brings in combustion regime of the ignition system of the thruster. For reasons the FL igniter is insensitive. Only electric power greater than a certain threshold can initiate the FL igniter. The currents interference or electromagnetic interference can not initiate FL igniter. For example, a 1A / 1W igniter is used. A current of 1A with a power of 1W for 5 minutes is not enough to initiate this igniter. We use a high energy electric pulse to initiate this igniter.
Le système d'initiation pyrotechnique IP comprend une réserve d'énergie électrique Al. Cette réserve d'énergie électrique Al est initialement non activée. Dans cet état, cette réserve ne délivre par d'énergie. L'énergie contenue dans cette réserve se conserve. Cette réserve Al est destinée à être activée pour délivrer de l'énergie. Avantageusement, cette réserve d'énergie est une pile thermique.The IP pyrotechnic initiation system includes a reserve of Al electrical energy. This reserve of electric energy Al is initially not activated. In this state, this reserve delivers by energy. energy contained in this reserve is preserved. This reserve Al is intended for be activated to deliver energy. Advantageously, this reserve of energy is a thermal pile.
Un circuit électrique comprenant des interrupteurs de sécurité relie la pile thermique Al et l'inflammateur FL. Par exemple trois interrupteurs de sécurité I1, 12, 13 sont montés en série sur ce circuit. Ils peuvent être commandés respectivement par des moyens de gestion de sécurité V1, V2, V3. Ces interrupteurs permettent d'ouvrir le circuit électrique. En d'autres termes, les interrupteurs I1, 12, 13 autorisent ou empêchent la pile thermique Al de délivrer une alimentation à l'inflammateur FL. Lorsque le circuit électrique est fermé et que la pile thermique Al est activée, celle-ci délivre suffisamment d'énergie pour initier l'inflammateur FL.An electrical circuit including safety switches connects the thermal stack Al and the igniter FL. For example three switches Safety I1, 12, 13 are connected in series on this circuit. They can be respectively controlled by safety management means V1, V2, V3. These switches open the electrical circuit. In others In other words, the switches I1, 12, 13 allow or prevent the thermal stack Al to deliver a supply to the FL igniter. When the circuit electrical system is closed and that the thermal battery Al is activated, it delivers enough energy to initiate the FL igniter.
Avantageusement, les interrupteurs I1, 12, 13 sont de technologies
différentes pour éviter des modes de défaillance communs. L'interrupteur I1
peut être un transistor électronique, l'interrupteur 12 peut être un relais
électromécanique, l'interrupteur 13 peut être un transistor électronique de
technologie différente de I1.Advantageously, the switches I1, 12, 13 are technologies
different to avoid common failure modes. The I1 switch
can be an electronic transistor, the
Avantageusement, les interrupteurs I1, I2, et 13 sont placés de part
et d'autre des pôles positif PP et négatif PN de l'inflammateur FL. Par
exemple les interrupteurs I1 et 12 sont du côté du pôle positif PP, et
l'interrupteur 13 du côté du pôle négatif PN. Ceci rend le circuit plus fiable. Advantageously, the switches I1, I2, and 13 are placed on the
and other positive poles PP and negative PN of the FL igniter. By
example switches I1 and 12 are on the positive pole side PP, and
the
Avantageusement, un sélecteur 14 à commande manuelle MA est
placé dans le circuit électrique reliant l'inflammateur FL et la pile thermique
AI. Ce sélecteur permet d'inhiber l'alimentation électrique de l'inflammateur
FL manuellement. Il possède une première position « sécurité » et une
seconde position « hors sécurité ». Dans sa première position sécurité, il
ouvre le circuit électrique entre le pôle négatif PN de l'inflammateur FL et la
masse, et en même temps ferme une liaison entre le pôle positif PP de
l'inflammateur FL et la masse. De cette manière, dans cette première
position, le sélecteur ouvre le circuit d'alimentation de l'inflammateur FL
d'une part, et court-circuite l'inflammateur FL d'autre part. En d'autres
termes, la première position (« sécurité ») inhibe l'inflammateur FL. Dans sa
seconde position (« hors sécurité »), ce sélecteur n'inhibe plus l'inflammateur
FL. Ainsi, l'arme peut être mise manuellement en position de sécurité pour sa
manutention par exemple.Advantageously, a
Avant le largage, les moyens de gestion de sécurité V1, V2, V3 peuvent être alimentés électriquement (circuit d'alimentation non représenté) par une alimentation externe AE. Cette alimentation externe AE peut provenir de l'avion par exemple. Un connecteur C1 du système d'initiation pyrotechnique peut relier l'alimentation électrique externe AE à la pile thermique Al par exemple. Après le largage, la pile thermique Al est activée, créant ainsi une différence de potentiel à ses bornes. Elle délivre alors une alimentation électrique se substituant à celle délivrée par l'avion.Before the release, the safety management means V1, V2, V3 can be electrically powered (power circuit not shown) by an external power supply AE. This external power supply AE can come from of the plane for example. A C1 connector of the initiation system pyrotechnic can connect the external power supply AE to the battery thermal Al for example. After the release, the thermal battery Al is activated, thus creating a potential difference at its terminals. She then delivers a power supply substituting for that delivered by the aircraft.
Les moyens de gestion de sécurité V1, V2, V3 permettent de vérifier une séquence opérationnelle de largage déterminée. La vérification d'une séquence opérationnelle permet de confirmer une intention de tir. Une séquence opérationnelle nominale peut comprendre par exemple les étapes suivantes :
- émission d'une intention de tir, telle que la traction d'un fil SL ou l'émission d'un message codé,
- largage de la bombe de l'avion,
- éloignement de la bombe par rapport à l'avion.
- issuing a shooting intention, such as pulling a wire SL or sending a coded message,
- dropping the bomb from the plane,
- distance from the bomb relative to the aircraft.
Cette séquence ne se déroule pas de manière nominale en cas d'accident. On peut citer deux exemples. Un premier exemple est une traction accidentelle du fil SL (collision avec un oiseau). Dans cet exemple, l'émission d'une intention de tir ne sera pas suivie du largage de la bombe. Un second exemple est le largage accidentel de la bombe (bombe est mal arrimée au porteur). Dans cet exemple, le largage ne sera pas précédé d'une émission d'une intention de tir. Dans ces deux exemples, les moyens de gestion de sécurité V1, V2, V3 détectent une séquence non nominale. Ils inhibent l'initiation de l'inflammateur FL. En d'autres termes les moyens de gestion de sécurité V1, V2, V3 maintiennent au moins l'un des interrupteurs I1, I2, I3 ouvert de manière à empêcher la pile thermique Al de délivrer une alimentation à l'inflammateur FL.This sequence does not take place in a nominal way in case accident. There are two examples. A first example is a accidental traction of the SL wire (collision with a bird). In this example, the issuance of an intention to fire will not be followed by the dropping of the bomb. A second example is the accidental release of the bomb (bomb is bad) secured to the bearer). In this example, the release will not be preceded by a issue of a shooting intention. In these two examples, the means of safety management V1, V2, V3 detect a non-nominal sequence. They inhibit the initiation of the FL igniter. In other words, the means of safety management V1, V2, V3 maintain at least one of the switches I1, I2, I3 open so as to prevent the heat stack Al from delivering a supply to the FL igniter.
Lorsque les moyens de gestion de sécurité V1, V2, V3 détectent une séquence opérationnelle nominale, ils commandent la fermeture des interrupteurs I1, 12, I3. En d'autres termes, ils autorisent la pile thermique Al à délivrer une alimentation à l'inflammateur FL. L'inflammateur FL est alors initié ce qui fait entrer la chaíne d'allumage du propulseur en régime de combustion.When the security management means V1, V2, V3 detect a nominal operational sequence, they command the closure of switches I1, 12, I3. In other words, they allow the Al thermal battery supplying a supply to the FL igniter. The FL igniter is then initiated what brings in the propeller ignition system in regime of combustion.
Selon un mode de réalisation avantageux, les moyens de gestion
de sécurité comprennent :
Le premier environnement de largage E1 peut être par exemple la traction du fil SL, l'absence de contact entre l'avion et la bombe, la vitesse du vent extérieur à la bombe, un message codé provenant de l'avion... On prendra par exemple la traction du fil SL. Le dispositif de mesure SA peut être relié électriquement par une connexion C2 aux premiers moyens de vérification V1. Cette connexion C2 permet de disposer des signaux électriques générés par le capteur de traction du fil SL. Le premier environnement de largage E1 est ainsi converti en signaux électriques. Le premier moyen de vérification V1 peut commander la fermeture de l'interrupteur I1 si ce premier environnement de largage E1 est détecté, c'est à dire si la traction du fil SL est détectée par le capteur de traction.The first drop environment E1 can be for example the traction of the SL wire, the absence of contact between the plane and the bomb, the speed of the wind outside the bomb, a coded message from the plane ... On take for example the traction of the wire SL. The measuring device SA can be electrically connected by a C2 connection to the first means of Verification V1. This connection C2 makes it possible to have signals generated by the traction sensor of the SL wire. The first Drop environment E1 is thus converted into electrical signals. The first verification means V1 can command the closure of the switch I1 if this first drop environment E1 is detected, it is to say if the traction of the wire SL is detected by the traction sensor.
Dès que ce premier environnement de largage E1 est détecté par le premier moyen de vérification V1, un signal de commande peut être émis vers la pile thermique Al pour l'activer.As soon as this first drop environment E1 is detected by the first verification means V1, a command signal can be issued to the thermal battery Al to activate it.
Le second environnement de largage E2 peut être par exemple la
vitesse du vent extérieur à la bombe. Ce second environnement de largage
E2 est différent du premier environnement de largage E1, de manière à
éviter d'initier le système d'initiation pyrotechnique suite à un accident
(collision avec un oiseau). Le dispositif de mesure SA peut être relié
électriquement par une connexion C3 aux seconds moyens de vérification
V2. Cette connexion C3 permet de disposer des signaux électriques générés
par l'éolienne. Le second environnement de largage E2 est ainsi converti en
signaux électriques. Le second moyen de vérification V2 peut commander la
fermeture de l'interrupteur 12 si ce second environnement de largage est
détecté.The second drop environment E2 can be for example the
wind speed outside the bomb. This second drop environment
E2 is different from the first drop environment E1, so that
avoid initiating the pyrotechnic initiation system following an accident
(collision with a bird). The measuring device SA can be connected
electrically via a connection C3 to the second verification means
V2. This connection C3 makes it possible to dispose of the generated electrical signals
by the wind turbine. The second drop environment E2 is thus converted into
electrical signals. The second verification means V2 can control the
Avantageusement, les moyens de vérification V1, V2 utilisent deux voies indépendantes (composants dédiés à chaque fonction) pour agir sur les interrupteurs de sécurité I1, I2.Advantageously, the verification means V1, V2 use two independent channels (components dedicated to each function) to act on the safety switches I1, I2.
Avantageusement, les moyens de vérification V1, V2 comprennent
des moyens de temporisation, agencés de manière à transmettre les
premiers et seconds signaux de commande après des retards déterminés.
Ainsi, le premier signal de commande est transmis à l'interrupteur I1 après
un retard T1, et le second signal de commande est transmis à l'interrupteur
12 après un retard T2. Ces retards T1 et T2 permettent de protéger les pilotes
en cas de fonctionnement anormal du système propulsif par exemple
(explosion à l'allumage).Advantageously, the verification means V1, V2 comprise
timing means, arranged to transmit the
first and second control signals after determined delays.
Thus, the first control signal is transmitted to the switch I1 after
a delay T1, and the second control signal is transmitted to the
Avantageusement, les moyens de temporisation sont de technologies différentes. Le premier moyen de temporisation peut être à quartz, le second moyen de temporisation peut être une horloge RC (horloge à résistance et capacité).Advantageously, the delay means are different technologies. The first delay means can be at quartz, the second delay means can be a clock RC (clock resistance and capacity).
Selon un mode de réalisation avantageux, les moyens de gestion de sécurité comprennent en outre un moyen d'analyse du séquencement V3, pour émettre un troisième signal de commande si les premier et second signaux de commande sont reçus dans un ordre déterminé dans une fenêtre temporelle déterminée, le troisième signal de commande agissant sur un ou plusieurs des interrupteurs de sécurité 13 de manière à initier l'inflammateur FL.According to an advantageous embodiment, the management means in addition to a V3 sequencing analysis means, to emit a third command signal if the first and second control signals are received in a specified order in a window given time, the third control signal acting on one or several of the safety switches 13 so as to initiate the igniter FL.
Le moyen d'analyse du séquencement V3 reçoit les signaux de
commande des premier et second moyens de vérification V1, V2. Si ces
signaux de commande sont reçus dans l'ordre et dans une fenêtre
temporelle déterminée, les moyens d'analyse du séquencement V3 peuvent
commander la fermeture de l'interrupteur I3. Les trois interrupteurs I1, 12, et
13 sont en position fermée. Si le sélecteur 14 est dans sa seconde position
(« hors sécurité »), la pile thermique Al initie l'inflammateur FL. Celui-ci entre
en régime de combustion, ce qui fait entrer la chaíne d'allumage puis la
composition pyrotechnique propulsive en régime de combustion.The means for analyzing the sequencing V3 receives the signals of
controlling the first and second verification means V1, V2. If these
control signals are received in order and in a window
determined time, the analysis means of the sequencing V3 can
order the closing of the switch I3. The three switches I1, 12, and
13 are in closed position. If the
Si les deux environnements E1, E2 ne sont pas détectés dans
l'ordre et dans une fenêtre déterminée, l'interrupteur 13 reste ouvert. Ceci
correspond en effet à une séquence non nominale.If the two environments E1, E2 are not detected in
the order and in a specific window, the
Selon un mode de réalisation avantageux, le système d'initiation comprend en outre des moyens de stérilisation FU pour empêcher de manière irréversible la réserve d'énergie électrique Al de délivrer une alimentation à l'inflammateur FL après une séquence non nominale. Ces moyens de stérilisation FU peuvent être du type fusible. Selon un mode de réalisation préférentiel, ce fusible est placé sur un circuit de commande de l'un des interrupteurs I1, I2 ou 13, de manière à laisser cet interrupteur ouvert. Par exemple le fusible peut être placé sur le circuit de commande de l'interrupteur I1. Ceci est préférable à placer un fusible directement sur le circuit reliant la pile thermique Al à l'inflammateur FL car l'énergie nécessaire à le faire fondre serait très importante (l'inflammateur FL étant peu sensible, un fort courant doit circuler sur ce circuit).According to an advantageous embodiment, the initiation system further comprises FU sterilization means for preventing irreversibly the reserve of electric energy Al to deliver a supply to the FL igniter after a non-nominal sequence. These FU sterilization means may be of the fuse type. According to a mode of preferred embodiment, this fuse is placed on a control circuit of one of the switches I1, I2 or 13, so as to leave this switch open. For example the fuse can be placed on the control circuit of the switch I1. This is preferable to placing a fuse directly on the circuit connecting the thermal stack Al to the igniter FL because the necessary energy to melt it would be very important (the igniter FL is not very sensitive, a strong current must flow on this circuit).
La stérilisation (dans cet exemple, il s'agit de faire fondre le fusible FU), peut intervenir par exemple :
- après un retard fixe suivant l'arrivée du premier signal de commande, ce retard fixe étant supérieur au délai normal de transmission du second signal de commande et d'initiation pyrotechnique, ou
- si le moyen d'analyse du séquencement V3 détecte une séquence non nominale.
- after a fixed delay following the arrival of the first control signal, this fixed delay being greater than the normal transmission delay of the second control and pyrotechnic initiation signal, or
- if the sequencing analysis means V3 detects a non-nominal sequence.
Cette stérilisation permet, en cas de séquence opérationnelle non nominale, le retour sur base de la bombe dans un état où l'inflammateur FL ne peut plus être initié électriquement.This sterilization allows, in case of a non operational sequence nominal, the return on base of the bomb in a state where the FL igniter can not be initiated electrically anymore.
En référence à la figure 5, et à la vue de détail figure 6, on décrit un exemple d'assemblage du système d'initiation pyrotechnique IP sur un système propulsif tel que celui de la munition M3 (figure 3). Le propulseur PRO comprend une cavité cylindrique dans laquelle sont situés la chaíne d'allumage CHA et la composition pyrotechnique propulsive CPP. La composition pyrotechnique propulsive CPP peut être un anneau de propergol concentrique avec l'axe AXE de la cavité par exemple. La paroi extérieure de la cavité est traversée dans sa partie inférieure INF (c'est à dire du côté arrière de la bombe M3) par une tuyère TUY. La tuyère permet de guider les gaz résultant de la combustion de la composition pyrotechnique propulsive CPP de l'intérieur de la cavité vers l'extérieur EX. La tuyère TUY présente un axe de symétrie par rotation confondu avec l'axe AXE de la cavité. Le système d'initiation pyrotechnique IP peut être fixé à la partie inférieure INF de la cavité, de manière à être accessible depuis l'extérieur sans nécessiter de démontage d'autres éléments de la bombe.With reference to FIG. 5, and to detail view FIG. an example of assembly of the IP pyrotechnic initiation system on a propulsion system such as that of the M3 munition (Figure 3). The thruster PRO has a cylindrical cavity in which the chain is located ignition CHA and propellant pyrotechnic composition CPP. The propellant pyrotechnic composition CPP can be a propellant ring concentric with the axis AX of the cavity for example. The outer wall of the cavity is crossed in its lower part INF (that is to say on the side rear of the bomb M3) by a nozzle TUY. The nozzle helps to guide the gas resulting from the combustion of the propellant pyrotechnic composition CPP from the inside of the cavity to the outside EX. The TUY nozzle presents a rotation axis of symmetry coincides with the axis AX of the cavity. The IP pyrotechnical initiation system can be attached to the lower INF of the cavity, so as to be accessible from the outside without requiring dismantling other elements of the bomb.
Selon un mode de réalisation avantageux, l'inflammateur FL (figure 6) est logé dans une structure composée d'un matériau KT ayant un très fort coefficient d'atténuation thermique. Cette structure peut avoir une forme cylindrique par exemple. On appelle l'ensemble constitué par cette structure et par l'inflammateur FL une canne pyrotechnique CAP. Cette canne pyrotechnique CAP est logée dans la cavité du propulseur PRO. La cavité du propulseur PRO dispose elle-même d'une protection thermique ISO. Ainsi, en cas d'incendie, cette canne CAP permet de protéger l'inflammateur FL en limitant les transferts de chaleur par conduction à travers le système d'initiation pyrotechnique. On retarde ainsi l'auto-inflammation de l'inflammateur FL en cas d'incendie.According to an advantageous embodiment, the FL igniter (FIG. 6) is housed in a structure made of a KT material having a very high coefficient of thermal attenuation. This structure can have a cylindrical shape for example. We call the set constituted by this structure and by the igniter FL a pyrotechnic rod CAP. This CAP pyrotechnic rod is housed in the PRO propeller cavity. The propeller cavity PRO itself has a thermal protection ISO. Thus, in case of fire, this CAP can protect the FL igniter by limiting heat transfer by conduction to through the pyrotechnic initiation system. This delays self-ignition FL igniter in case of fire.
En référence aux figures 7, 8, 9, le boítier BOI du système d'initiation pyrotechnique IP est un matériau conducteur. Ainsi, ce boítier constitue une cage de Faraday protégeant les composants électroniques du système d'initiation pyrotechnique IP. Ces composants électroniques, tel que les moyens de gestion de sécurité V1,V2, V3, peuvent être rassemblés sur une carte électronique CE. With reference to FIGS. 7, 8, 9, the BOI box of the system IP pyrotechnic initiation is a conductive material. So, this case constitutes a Faraday cage protecting the electronic components of the IP pyrotechnic initiation system. These electronic components, such as the security management means V1, V2, V3 can be collected on an electronic card CE.
Le boítier BOI peut comprendre des trous de fixation T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6 destinés à être placés en regard de trous filetés de la cavité du propulseur PRO. Les trous filetés (non représentés) de la cavité peuvent être réalisés dans des bossages de la paroi inférieure INF de la cavité.The BOI housing may comprise fixing holes T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6 intended to be placed opposite threaded holes in the cavity of the propeller PRO. The threaded holes (not shown) of the cavity can be made in bosses of the lower wall INF of the cavity.
Un connecteur CN peut regrouper les connections C1, C2, C3. Avantageusement, ce connecteur est accessible depuis l'extérieur une fois le système d'initiation pyrotechnique IP fixé sur la cavité du propulseur PRO.An NC connector can group connections C1, C2, C3. Advantageously, this connector is accessible from the outside once the IP pyrotechnical initiation system fixed on the PRO propeller cavity.
On se réfère à la figure 9. En fin de vie, le système d'initiation peut aisément être retiré de la bombe (le système d'initiation est fixé sur le propulseur au moyen de vis). Préférentiellement, la pile thermique Al et la canne pyrotechnique CAP sont fixées au moyen d'écrous ECR1, ECR2 au boítier BOI. De cette manière, après le retrait d'un couvercle COU du système d'initiation pyrotechnique IP, la pile thermique Al et la canne pyrotechnique CAP peuvent facilement être démontées du boítier BOI. Il suffit pour cela de retirer les soudures SD reliant la pile thermique Al et la canne pyrotechnique CAP (inflammateur FL) à la carte électronique CE d'une part, et de dévisser les écrous ECR1, ECR2 d'autre part.We refer to Figure 9. At the end of life, the system of initiation can easily be removed from the bomb (the initiation system is attached to the thruster by means of screws). Preferably, the thermal battery Al and the pyrotechnic rod CAP are fixed by means of nuts ECR1, ECR2 to BOI housing. In this way, after removing an EOC cover from IP pyrotechnic initiation system, Al heat stack and cane Pyrotechnic CAP can easily be dismantled BOI box. he simply remove the SD welds connecting the thermal battery Al and the pyrotechnic rod CAP (FL igniter) to the electronic board CE on the one hand, and unscrew the nuts ECR1, ECR2 on the other hand.
Le système d'initiation pyrotechnique IP selon l'invention peut aisément être testé fonctionnellement à l'état inerte, c'est à dire une fois la canne pyrotechnique démontée. Ceci permet de :
- réaliser des contrôles fonctionnels unitaires d'acceptation en environnements (climatiques, vibratoires) avec intégration de la canne pyrotechnique,
- réaliser des contrôles fonctionnels durant la vie de la bombe.
- carry out unitary acceptance functional checks in environments (climatic, vibratory) with integration of the pyrotechnic rod,
- carry out functional checks during the life of the bomb.
Les tests fonctionnels peuvent être réalisés en raccordant un dispositif de contrôle au connecteur CN. Préférentiellement, en mode de test, la pile thermique Al et les moyens de stérilisation FU sont inhibés.Functional tests can be performed by connecting a control device at the NC connector. Preferably, in test mode, the heat stack Al and the sterilization means FU are inhibited.
Bien entendu l'invention ne se limite pas à cet exemple de mise en oeuvre, décrit à tire d'illustration. Notamment, la réserve d'énergie électrique Al n'est pas nécessairement une pile thermique. On peut utiliser à la place des capacités chargées par l'alimentation de l'avion.Of course, the invention is not limited to this example of implementation. work, described by way of illustration. In particular, the reserve of electrical energy Al is not necessarily a thermal battery. We can use instead capacities loaded by the aircraft's power supply.
L'invention s'applique aussi aux fusées. L'inflammateur FL est alors remplacé par une amorce. D'une façon générale, l'inflammateur d'un propulseur et l'amorce d'une fusée sont des compositions pyrotechniques. Elles sont activées, c'est à dire initiée pour l'inflammateur, et amorcée pour la fusée, par une impulsion électrique.The invention also applies to rockets. FL igniter is then replaced by a primer. In general, the igniter of a Propellant and the primer of a rocket are pyrotechnic compositions. They are activated, ie initiated for the igniter, and initiated for the rocket, by an electrical impulse.
L'invention s'applique bien entendu à tout type de système destiné à être largué. On peut citer par exemple les missiles largués d'un sous marin ou d'un porte avion.The invention applies of course to any type of system intended to be dropped. For example, missiles dropped from a submarine or an airplane door.
Claims (9)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0108668 | 2001-06-29 | ||
| FR0108668A FR2826716B1 (en) | 2001-06-29 | 2001-06-29 | SECURE PYROTECHNIC ACTIVATION SYSTEM |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1271091A1 true EP1271091A1 (en) | 2003-01-02 |
| EP1271091B1 EP1271091B1 (en) | 2007-08-29 |
Family
ID=8864963
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP02291376A Expired - Lifetime EP1271091B1 (en) | 2001-06-29 | 2002-06-04 | Pyrotechnic activation safety-system |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1271091B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE371849T1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE60222054T2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2291425T3 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2826716B1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1342982B1 (en) * | 2002-03-08 | 2007-01-03 | Alkan | Safety electropyrotechnical device for ammunition and method of control |
| WO2014003877A1 (en) | 2012-06-27 | 2014-01-03 | Raytheon Company | Intermediate voltage arming |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3739726A (en) * | 1970-08-17 | 1973-06-19 | Intron Int Inc | Electronic fuze |
| US4013012A (en) * | 1974-11-18 | 1977-03-22 | Altus Corporation | Electronic safe arming and fuzing system |
| US4036144A (en) * | 1959-01-29 | 1977-07-19 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Arming system |
| US4160417A (en) * | 1969-04-29 | 1979-07-10 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Arming-safing system for airborne weapons |
| WO2001031283A1 (en) * | 1999-10-27 | 2001-05-03 | Instalaza, S.A. | Improvements to mecanotronic fuses for hand grenades |
-
2001
- 2001-06-29 FR FR0108668A patent/FR2826716B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2002
- 2002-06-04 DE DE60222054T patent/DE60222054T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-06-04 EP EP02291376A patent/EP1271091B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-06-04 AT AT02291376T patent/ATE371849T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-06-04 ES ES02291376T patent/ES2291425T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4036144A (en) * | 1959-01-29 | 1977-07-19 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Arming system |
| US4160417A (en) * | 1969-04-29 | 1979-07-10 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Arming-safing system for airborne weapons |
| US3739726A (en) * | 1970-08-17 | 1973-06-19 | Intron Int Inc | Electronic fuze |
| US4013012A (en) * | 1974-11-18 | 1977-03-22 | Altus Corporation | Electronic safe arming and fuzing system |
| WO2001031283A1 (en) * | 1999-10-27 | 2001-05-03 | Instalaza, S.A. | Improvements to mecanotronic fuses for hand grenades |
| EP1225418A1 (en) * | 1999-10-27 | 2002-07-24 | Instalaza, S.A. | Improvements to mecanotronic fuses for hand grenades |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1342982B1 (en) * | 2002-03-08 | 2007-01-03 | Alkan | Safety electropyrotechnical device for ammunition and method of control |
| WO2014003877A1 (en) | 2012-06-27 | 2014-01-03 | Raytheon Company | Intermediate voltage arming |
| EP2867609A4 (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2016-02-24 | Raytheon Co | ARMING BY INTERMEDIATE VOLTAGE |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2826716A1 (en) | 2003-01-03 |
| DE60222054T2 (en) | 2008-06-05 |
| FR2826716B1 (en) | 2003-10-03 |
| DE60222054D1 (en) | 2007-10-11 |
| EP1271091B1 (en) | 2007-08-29 |
| ES2291425T3 (en) | 2008-03-01 |
| ATE371849T1 (en) | 2007-09-15 |
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