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EP1123353A1 - Corps moules pour le secteur du batiment, utilises a l'exterieur - Google Patents

Corps moules pour le secteur du batiment, utilises a l'exterieur

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Publication number
EP1123353A1
EP1123353A1 EP99950632A EP99950632A EP1123353A1 EP 1123353 A1 EP1123353 A1 EP 1123353A1 EP 99950632 A EP99950632 A EP 99950632A EP 99950632 A EP99950632 A EP 99950632A EP 1123353 A1 EP1123353 A1 EP 1123353A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weight
component
graft
phase
particle size
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP99950632A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1123353B1 (fr
Inventor
Norbert Niessner
Norbert Güntherberg
Heiner GÖRRISSEN
Graham Edmund Mc Kee
Martin Weber
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BASF SE
Original Assignee
BASF SE
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BASF SE filed Critical BASF SE
Publication of EP1123353A1 publication Critical patent/EP1123353A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1123353B1 publication Critical patent/EP1123353B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E04C2/20—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of plastics
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L69/00—Compositions of polycarbonates; Compositions of derivatives of polycarbonates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L25/00—Compositions of, homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L25/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
    • C08L25/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
    • C08L25/08—Copolymers of styrene
    • C08L25/12—Copolymers of styrene with unsaturated nitriles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L51/00—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to moldings for the building sector in the outdoor area.
  • the invention relates to moldings for the building sector in the outdoor area with good dimensional stability, in particular when exposed to heat, great stability, good chemical resistance and good yellowing resistance.
  • ABS acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene
  • a disadvantage of ABS is that it does not always have sufficient resistance to yellowing, especially in outdoor applications.
  • the crosslinking active butadiene component yellows and becomes brittle over time. For this reason, ABS blends are also out of the question.
  • DE-A-196 30 117 describes housings for safety devices that can be used for example in house construction.
  • ASA / PC blends with less than 50% by weight polycarbonate are described.
  • the housings show a good surface gloss, even after aging.
  • the dimensional accuracy, especially in intense sunlight, is often insufficient.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide moldings for the building sector in the outdoor area which are stable and resistant to chemicals and do not yellow. They should also be scratch-resistant and have good dimensional stability. The UV and heat aging resistance should be high, so that the surface gloss is retained. Other requirements include good recyclability and poor fire behavior as well as good dimensional accuracy thermal stress during manufacture and application.
  • thermoplastic molding composition different from ABS comprising, based on the sum of the amounts of components A, B, C and optionally D, which gives a total of 100% by weight
  • Specified glass transition temperatures of phases refer to a polymer with the composition corresponding to this phase.
  • the moldings described for the outdoor construction sector are scratch-resistant, stable and resistant to chemicals. They also have very good yellowing resistance and depth of color.
  • thermoplastic molding compositions are known per se.
  • DE-A-12 60 135, DE-C-19 11 882, DE-A-28 26 925, DE-A-31 49 358, DE-A-32 27 555 and DE-A-40 11 162 Components and molding compositions which can be used according to the invention are described.
  • molding compositions other than ABS used according to the invention contain components A and B and C and optionally D as listed below, as defined below. They contain, based on the sum of the amounts of components A, B, C and optionally D, which gives a total of 100% by weight,
  • b 1-48% by weight, preferably 5-40% by weight, in particular 5-35% by weight, of at least one amorphous or partially crystalline polymer as component B,
  • c 51-98% by weight, preferably 55-90% by weight, in particular 60-85% by weight, of polycarbonates as component C, and
  • d 0-50% by weight, preferably 0-37% by weight, in particular 0-30% by weight of additives, such as fibrous or particulate fillers or mixtures thereof as component D.
  • Component A is at least one single-phase or multi-phase particulate emulsion polymer with a glass transition temperature below 0 ° C. in at least one phase and an average particle size of 50-1000 nm.
  • Component A is preferably a multi-phase polymer
  • a22 0 to 60% by weight, preferably 15-35% by weight, of units of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer, preferably acrylonitrile or methacrylonitrile, in particular acrylonitrile as component A22.
  • a3 0 to 50% by weight of a third phase with a glass transition temperature of more than 0 ° C. as component A3, the total amount of components AI, A2 and A3 being 100% by weight.
  • the phases can be linked together in the manner of a graft copolymerization.
  • the first phase AI is a graft copolymerization
  • graft base and the second phase A2 a graft pad.
  • phases can be provided, corresponding to a graft copolymer with one graft base and several graft pads.
  • the graft pad need not necessarily be in the form of a sheath around the graft core.
  • Different geometries are possible, for example part of the first phase
  • the first phase AI particularly preferably has a glass transition temperature below -10 ° C., in particular below -15 ° C.
  • the third phase preferably has a glass transition temperature of more than 60 ° C. This third phase can for example contain 1-50% by weight, in particular 5-
  • component A 15 40% by weight, based on component A, are present.
  • first phase it can also be understood to mean “graft base”, corresponding to “graft base” instead of “second phase”.
  • the third phase can preferably be composed of more than 50% by weight of styrene, in particular of more than 80% by weight of syrene, based on the total number of monomers in the third phase.
  • component AI consists of the 25 monomers
  • Alkyl esters of acrylic acid preferably n-butyl acrylate and / or ethylhexyl acrylate as component All,
  • the average particle size of component A is 50-1000 nm, preferably 50-800 nm.
  • the particle size distribution of component A is bimodal, with 1-99, preferably 20-95, in particular 45-90% by weight an average particle size of 50-200 nm and 1-99, preferably 5-80 , in particular 10-55% by weight have an average particle size of 200-1000 nm, based on the total weight of component A.
  • the sizes determined from the integral mass distribution are given as the average particle size or particle size distribution.
  • the mean particle sizes according to the invention are the weight-average particle sizes, as determined by means of an analytical ultracentrifuge according to the method of W. Scholtan and H. Lange, Kolloid-Z. and Z.-Polymer 250 (1972), pages 782-796.
  • the ultracentrifuge measurement provides the integral mass distribution of the particle diameter of a sample. From this it can be seen what percentage by weight of the particles have a diameter equal to or smaller than a certain size.
  • the average particle diameter which is also 5 o of the cumulative mass distribution is referred to as d, is defined as the particle diameter at which 50 wt .-% of the particles have a diameter smaller than the diameter d which is equivalent to 5 o-value . Likewise, then 50 wt .-% of the particles have a diameter greater than the d 5 o value.
  • the d 10 and d w values resulting from the integral mass distribution are used in addition to the d 50 value (average particle diameter).
  • the DIO or d ⁇ value of the integral mass distribution thereby corresponding to the d 5 o value defined ter Kunststoff with the UN that they are based on 10 and 90 wt .-% of the particles.
  • the glass transition temperature of the emulsion polymer A and also of the other components used according to the invention is determined by means of DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry) according to ASTM 3418 (mid point temperature).
  • emulsion polymer A such as epichlorohydrin rubber, ethylene-vinyl acetate rubbers, polyethylene chlorosulfone rubbers, silicone rubbers, polyether rubbers, hydrogenated diene rubbers, according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • Polyalkename rubbers acrylate rubbers, ethylene propylene rubbers, ethylene propylene diene rubbers, butyl rubbers and fluororubbers.
  • Acrylate rubber, ethylene-propylene (EP) rubber, ethylene-propylene-diene (EPDM) rubber, in particular acrylate rubber, are preferably used.
  • the molding compositions are preferably free of butadiene rubbers.
  • the proportion of diene building blocks in the emulsion polymer A is kept so low that as few unreacted double bonds remain in the polymer as possible. According to one embodiment, there are no basic diene building blocks in the emulsion polymer A.
  • the acrylate is preferably alkyl acrylate rubbers of one or more C ⁇ -8 -alkyl, preferably C 4-8 - alkyl acrylates, preferably wherein at least some butyl, hexyl, octyl or 2- Ethylhexyl acrylate, especially n-butyl and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, is used.
  • These alkyl acrylate rubbers can contain up to 30% by weight of copolymerizable monomers, such as vinyl acetate, (meth) acrylonitrile, styrene, substituted styrene, methyl methacrylate or vinyl ether, in copolymerized form.
  • the acrylate rubbers further contain 0.01-20% by weight, preferably 0.1-5% by weight, of cross-linking polyfunctional monomers (cross-linking monomers).
  • cross-linking monomers examples of these are monomers which contain 2 or more double bonds capable of copolymerization, which are preferably not conjugated in the 1,3-positions.
  • Suitable crosslinking monomers are, for example, ethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, butanediol or hexanediol di (meth) acrylate, divinylbenzene, diallyl maleate, diallyl fumarate, diallyl phthalate, triallyl cyanurate, triallyl isocyanurate,
  • Suitable silicone rubbers may, for example, crosslinked silicone rubbers of units of the general formulas R 2 SiO, RSiO 3/2, R 3 SiO ⁇ be / 2 and SiO / 4, where the radical R is a monovalent radical.
  • the amount of the individual siloxane units is such that for 100 units of the formula R 2 SiO 0 to 10 mol units of the formula RSi ⁇ 3 / 2, 0 to 1.5 mol units R 3 SiO ⁇ / 2 and 0 to 3 mol units SiO 2/4 are present.
  • R can be either a monovalent saturated hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, the phenyl radical or the alkoxy radical or a group which is easily attackable by free radicals, such as the vinyl or mercaptopropyl radical.
  • R groups are methyl groups; combinations of methyl and ethyl or phenyl radicals are particularly preferred.
  • Preferred silicone rubbers contain built-in units of groups which can be attacked by free radicals, in particular vinyl, allyl, halogen, mercapto groups, preferably in amounts of 2-10 mol%, based on all radicals R. They can be prepared, for example, as in EP-A-0 260 558.
  • an emulsion polymer A composed of uncrosslinked polymer. All of the monomers mentioned above can be used as monomers for the production of these polymers.
  • Preferred uncrosslinked emulsion polymers A are e.g. Homopolymers and copolymers of acrylic acid esters, especially n-butyl and ethylhexyl acrylate, and homopolymers and copolymers of ethylene, propylene, butylene, isobutylene and poly (organosiloxanes), all with the proviso that they are linear or branched allowed to.
  • the emulsion polymer A can also be a multi-stage polymer (so-called “core / shell structure", “core-shell morphology”).
  • core / shell structure a multi-stage polymer
  • core-shell morphology a rubber-elastic core (T g ⁇ 0 ° C) can be encased by a “hard” shell (polymers with T g > 0 ° C) or vice versa.
  • component A is a graft copolymer.
  • the graft copolymers A of the molding compositions according to the invention here have a median particle size d 5 o 50-1000 nm, preferably 50-800 nm.
  • the graft copolymer A is generally one or more stages, ie a polymer composed of a core and one or more shells.
  • the polymer consists of a basic stage (graft core) AI and one or more stages A2 (graft layer) grafted thereon, the so-called graft stages or graft shells.
  • One or more graft shells can be applied to the rubber particles by simple grafting or multiple step-wise grafting, each graft sheath having a different composition.
  • polyfunctional crosslinking or reactive group-containing monomers can also be grafted on (see, for example, EP-A-0 230 282-, DE-A-36 01 419, EP-A-0 269 861).
  • component A consists of a multi-stage graft copolymer, the graft stages being generally made from resin-forming monomers and having a glass transition temperature T g above 30 ° C., preferably above 50 ° C.
  • the outer graft shell serves, among other things, to achieve (partial) compatibility of the rubber particles A with the thermoplastic B.
  • Graft copolymers A are prepared, for example, by grafting at least one of the monomers A2 listed below onto at least one of the graft bases or graft core materials AI listed above. All polymers described above under emulsion polymers A are suitable as graft bases AI of the molding compositions according to the invention.
  • the graft base AI is composed of 15-99.9% by weight of acrylate rubber, 0.1-5% by weight of crosslinker and 0-49.9% by weight of one of the further monomers or rubbers indicated.
  • Suitable monomers for forming the graft A2 can be selected, for example, from the monomers listed below and their mixtures:
  • Vinyl aromatic monomers such as styrene and its substituted derivatives such as ⁇ -methylstyrene, p-methylstyrene, 3,4-dimethylstyrene, p-tert-butylstyrene, and p-methyl ⁇ -methyl styrene or -CC 8 alkyl (meth) acrylates such as methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, i-butyl acrylate; styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, methyl methacrylate, in particular styrene and / or ⁇ -methylstyrene, and ethylenically unsaturated monomers, such as acrylic and methacrylic compounds, such as acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, acrylic and methacrylic acid, methyl acrylate, ethy
  • Methacrylates, acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile, in particular acrylonitrile, are preferred.
  • (co) monomers styrene, vinyl, acrylic or methacrylic compounds (e.g. styrene, optionally substituted with C 12 alkyl radicals, halogen atoms, halogen methylene radicals; vinyl naphthalene, vinyl carbazole; vinyl ether with C 1 -C 2 ether radicals; vinyl imidazole, 3 - (4-) Vinylpyridine, dimethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate, p-dimethylaminostyrene, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, butyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate as well as fumaric acid, maleic acid, itaconic acid or their anhydrides, amides, nitriles or esters with 1 to 22 carbon atoms, preferably alcohols containing 1 to 10 carbon atoms) can be used.
  • styrene e.g
  • component A comprises 50 to 100% by weight, preferably 50 to 90% by weight of the first phase described above (graft base) Al and 0 to 50% by weight, preferably 10 to 50% by weight the above-described second phase (graft) A2, based on the total weight of component A.
  • styrene copolymers can be considered as the third phase.
  • crosslinked acrylic acid ester polymers with a glass transition temperature below 0 ° C. serve as the graft base.
  • the crosslinked acrylic ester polymers should preferably have a glass transition temperature below -20 ° C., in particular below -30 ° C.
  • the graft A2 consists of one or more graft shells, the outermost graft shell of which has a glass transition temperature of more than 30 ° C., a polymer formed from the monomers of the graft A2 having a glass transition temperature of more than 80 ° C.
  • the graft copolymers A can also be prepared by grafting pre-formed polymers onto suitable graft homopolymers. Examples of this are the reaction products of copolymers containing maleic anhydride or acid groups with base-containing rubbers.
  • Suitable preparation processes for graft copolymers A are emulsion, solution, bulk or suspension polymerization.
  • the graft copolymers A are preferably prepared by free-radical emulsion polymerization, in particular in the presence of latices of component AI at from 20 ° C. to 90 ° C. using water-soluble or oil-soluble initiators such as peroxodisulfate or benzoyl peroxide, or with the aid of redox initiators. Redox initiators are also suitable for polymerization below 20 ° C.
  • Suitable emulsion polymerization processes are described in DE-A-28 26 30 925, 31 49 358 and in DE-C-12 60 135.
  • the graft shells are preferably constructed in the emulsion polymerization process as described in DE-A-32 27 555, 31 49 357, 31 49 358, 34 14 118.
  • the defined particle sizes of 50-1000 nm according to the invention are preferably carried out after the processes that are described in DE-C-12 60 135 and DE-A-28 26 925, or Applied Polymer Science, Volume 9 (1965), page 2929.
  • the use of polymers with different particle sizes is known, for example, from DE -A-28 26 925 and US 5,196,480 known.
  • the graft base AI is first prepared by adding the acrylic acid ester (s) used according to one embodiment of the invention and the polyfunctional monomers which cause crosslinking, optionally together with the other comonomers, in aqueous Emulsion in a conventional manner at temperatures between 20 and 100 ° C, preferably between 50 and 80 ° C, polymerized.
  • the usual emulsifiers such as alkali salts of alkyl or alkylarylsulfonic acids, alkyl sulfates, fatty alcohol sulfonates, salts of higher fatty acids with 10 to 30 carbon atoms or resin soaps can be used.
  • the sodium salts of alkyl sulfonates or fatty acids having 10 to 18 carbon atoms are preferably used.
  • the emulsifiers are used in amounts of 0.5-5% by weight, in particular 1-2% by weight, based on the monomers used in the preparation of the graft base AI.
  • the weight ratio of water to monomers is from 2: 1 to 0.7: 1.
  • the initiators are generally used in amounts of 0.1-1% by weight, based on the monomers used in the preparation of the graft base AI.
  • Further polymerization auxiliaries which can be used are the customary buffer substances, by means of which pH values of preferably 6-9, such as sodium bicarbonate and sodium pyrophosphate, and 0-3% by weight of a molecular weight regulator, such as mercaptans, terpinols or dimeric ⁇ -methylstyrene, during the polymerization be used.
  • pH values preferably 6-9, such as sodium bicarbonate and sodium pyrophosphate
  • a molecular weight regulator such as mercaptans, terpinols or dimeric ⁇ -methylstyrene
  • the graft polymer A is then prepared in a next step in the presence of the latex of the crosslinked acrylic acid ester polymer thus obtained
  • the graft copolymerization can expediently take place in the same system as the emulsion polymerization for the preparation of the graft base AI, with, if necessary, a further emulsifier
  • the monomer mixture of styrene and acrylonitrile to be grafted on according to one embodiment of the invention can be added to the reaction mixture all at once, batchwise in several stages or preferably continuously during the polymerization.
  • 20 crosslinking acrylic ester polymer is carried out in such a way that a degree of grafting of 1-99% by weight, preferably 20-85% by weight, in particular 35-60% by weight, based on the total weight of component A, results in the graft copolymer A. Since the graft yield in the graft copolymerization is not 100%, a somewhat larger amount of the monomer mixture of styrene and acrylonitrile must be used in the
  • 25 graft copolymerization are used as it corresponds to the desired degree of grafting.
  • the control of the graft yield during the graft copolymerization and thus of the degree of grafting of the finished graft copolymer A is familiar to the person skilled in the art and can, for example, by the metering speed of the monomers or by adding a regulator (Chauvel, Daniel, ACS Polymer Preprints
  • the emulsion graft copolymerization generally gives rise to a few% by weight, based on the graft copolymer, of free ungrafted styrene / acrylonitrile copolymer.
  • Graft copolymer A in the polymerization product obtained in the graft copolymerization is determined by the method given above.
  • graft copolymers A In the production of the graft copolymers A by the emulsion process, in addition to the given process engineering advantages, reproducible particle size changes are also possible, for example by at least partially agglomeration of the particles into larger particles. This means that polymers with different particle sizes can also be present in the graft copolymers A.
  • bimodal particle size distributions of component A have proven to be particularly advantageous. These can be generated by mixing separately produced particles of different sizes, which can also be different in their composition and shell structure (core / shell, core / shell / shell etc.), or a bimodal particle size distribution can be generated by partial agglomeration before, during or after the grafting.
  • Component A in particular, consisting of the graft base and graft shell (s) can be optimally adapted for the particular application, in particular with regard to the particle size.
  • the graft copolymers A generally contain 1-99% by weight, preferably 15-80 and particularly preferably 40-65% by weight of the first phase (graft base) Al and 1-99% by weight, preferably 20-85, particularly preferably 35-60% by weight of the second phase (graft) A2, based in each case on the entire graft copolymer.
  • COMPONENT B
  • Component B is an amorphous or partially crystalline polymer.
  • Component B is preferably a copolymer of
  • bl 40-100% by weight, preferably 60-85% by weight, of units of a vinylaromatic monomer, preferably styrene, a substituted styrene or a (meth) acrylic acid ester or mixtures thereof, in particular styrene and / or ⁇ -Methyl s tyrols as component B1,
  • b2 0 to 60% by weight, preferably 15-40% by weight, units of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer, preferably acrylonitrile or methacrylonitrile, in particular acrylonitrile as component B2,
  • b3 0 to 60% by weight of a further copolymerizable ethyl unsaturated monomer.
  • the viscosity number of component B is 50-120, preferably 55-100.
  • the amorphous or partially crystalline polymers of component B of the molding composition used according to the invention for the production of the molded articles according to the invention for the building sector in the exterior are made of at least one polymer made from partially crystalline polyamides, partially aromatic copolyamides, polyolefins, ionomers, polyesters, polyether ketones, polyoxyalkylenes, polyarylene sulfides and preferably Polymers selected from vinyl aromatic monomers and / or ethylenically unsaturated monomers. Polymer mixtures can also be used.
  • Component B of the molding composition used according to the invention for the production of the moldings according to the invention for the building sector in the exterior area also includes partially crystalline, preferably linear polyamides such as polyamide-6, polyamide-6,6, polyamide-4,6, polyamide-6,12 and partially crystalline copolyamides Suitable based on these components.
  • partially crystalline polyamides can be used, the acid component of which consists wholly or partly of adipic acid and / or terephthalic acid and / or isophthalic acid and / or suberic acid and / or sebacic acid and / or azelaic acid and / or dodecanedicarboxylic acid and / or a cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, and whose diamine component wholly or partly consists in particular of m- and / or p-xylylenediamine and / or hexamethylenediamine and / or 2,2,4- and / or 2,4,4-trimethylhexamethylenediamine and / or isophoronediamine, and their compositions in principle are known from the prior art (cf. Encyclopedia of Polymers, Vol. 11, p. 315 ff.).
  • polymers which are furthermore suitable as component B of the polymers which are furthermore used according to the invention for the production of the moldings according to the invention for the building sector in the outdoor sector are partially crystalline polyolefins, preferably homo- and copolymers of olefins such as ethylene, propylene, butene-1, pentene-1, hexene-1, Hepten-1, 3-methylbutene-1, 4-methylbutene-1, 4-methylpentene-1 and octene-1.
  • Suitable polyolefins are polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene-1 or poly-4-methylpentene-1. In general, a distinction is made between polyethylene (PE) and high-density PE (HDPE), low-density PE (LDPE) and linear-low-density PE (LLDPE).
  • component B is an ionomer.
  • These are generally polyolefins as described above, in particular polyethylene, which contain monomers copolymerized with acid groups, for example acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and, if appropriate, further copolymerizable monomers.
  • the acid groups are generally crosslinked with the aid of metal ions such as Na + , Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ and Al 3+ into ionic, possibly ionic Converted polyolefins that can still be processed thermoplastically (see, for example, US 3,264,272; 3,404,134; 3,355,319; 4,321,337).
  • Component B according to the invention is also suitable for polyolefins containing free acid groups, which then generally have a rubber-like character and in some cases also contain further copolymerizable monomers, for example (meth) acrylates.
  • component B can also be polyester, preferably aromatic-aliphatic polyester.
  • polyester preferably aromatic-aliphatic polyester.
  • polyalkylene terephthalates e.g. based on ethylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol and 1,4-bis-hydroxymethyl-cyclohexane, as well as polyalkylene naphthalates.
  • Aromatic polyether ketones such as those e.g. are described in GB 1 078 234, US 4,010,147, EP-A-0 135 938, EP-A-0 292 211, EP-A-0 275 035, EP-A-0 270 998, EP-A-0 165 406, and in the publication by CK Sham et. al., Polymer 29/6, 1016-1020 (1988).
  • the molding compositions used according to the invention for the production of the molded articles according to the invention for the building sector in the outdoor area can be polyoxyalkylenes, e.g. Polyoxymethylene, and oxymethylene polymers are used.
  • suitable components B are the polyarylene sulfides, in particular the polyphenylene sulfide.
  • An amorphous copolymer of styrene and / or ⁇ -methylstyrene with acrylonitrile is preferably used as component B.
  • the acrylonitrile content in these copolymers of component B is 0-60% by weight, preferably 15
  • component B also includes the free, non-grafted styrene / acrylonitrile copolymers formed in the graft copolymerization for the preparation of component A.
  • component B it may be possible that a sufficient proportion of component B has already been formed in the graft copolymerization. In general, however, it will be necessary to mix the products obtained in the graft copolymerization with additional, separately prepared component B.
  • This additional, separately produced component B can preferably be a styrene / acrylonitrile copolymer, an ⁇ -methylstyrene / acrylonitrile copolymer or an ⁇ -methylstyrene / styrene / acrylonitrile polymer.
  • These copolymers can be used individually or as a mixture for component B, so that the additional, separately produced component B of the molding compositions used according to the invention is, for example, a mixture of a styrene / acrylonitrile copolymer and an ⁇ -methylstyrene / acrylonitrile Copolymer can act.
  • component B of the molding compositions used according to the invention consists of a mixture of a styrene / acrylonitrile copolymer and an ⁇ -me ylstyrene / acrylonitrile copolymer
  • the acrylonitrile content of the two copolymers should preferably not be more than 10% by weight. %, preferably not more than 5% by weight, based on the total weight of the copolymer, differ from one another.
  • Component B of the molding compositions used according to the invention can, however, also consist of only a single styrene / acrylonitrile copolymer if, in the graft copolymerizations for the preparation of component A and also in the preparation of the additional, separately prepared component B, the same monomer mixture of styrene and Acrylonitrile is assumed.
  • the additional, separately manufactured component B can be obtained by the conventional methods. So according to one embodiment of the invention the copolymerization of the styrene and / or ⁇ -methylstyrene with the acrylonitrile can be carried out in bulk, solution, suspension or aqueous emulsion.
  • Component B preferably has a viscosity number of 40 to 120, preferably 50 to 120, in particular 55 to 100. The viscosity number is determined in accordance with DIN 53 726, 0.5 g of material being dissolved in 100 ml of dimethylformamide.
  • Components A and B can be mixed in any desired manner by all known methods. If components A and B have been prepared, for example, by emulsion polymerization, it is possible to mix the polymer dispersions obtained with one another, to precipitate the polymers together thereupon and to work up the polymer mixture. However, components A and B are preferably mixed by extruding, kneading or rolling the components together, the components having, if necessary, been isolated beforehand from the solution or aqueous dispersion obtained in the polymerization.
  • the products of the graft copolymerization (component A) obtained in aqueous dispersion can also only be partially dewatered and mixed as a moist crumb with component B, the graft copolymers then being completely dried during the mixing.
  • Suitable polycarbonates C are known per se. They preferably have a molecular weight (weight average M w , determined by means of gel permeation chromatography in tefrahydrofuran against polystyrene standards) in the range from 10,000 to 60,000 g / mol. They can be obtained, for example, in accordance with the processes of DE-B-1 300266 by interfacial polycondensation or in accordance with the process of DE-A-1 495 730 by reacting diphenyl carbonate with bisphenols.
  • Preferred bisphenol is 2,2-di (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, generally - as also hereinafter - referred to as bisphenol A.
  • aromatic dihydroxy compounds can also be used, in particular 2,2-di (4-hydroxyphenyl) pentane, 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene, 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenylsulfane, 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl ether, 4,4'- Dihydroxydiphenyl sulfite, 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenylmethane, l, l-di- (4-hydroxyphenyl) ethane, 4,4-dihydroxydiphenyl or dihydroxydiphenylcycloalkanes, preferably dihydroxydiphenylcyclohexanes or dihydroxylcyclopentanes, in particular l, l-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -3.3 , 5-trimethylcyclohexane and mixtures of the aforementioned dihydroxy compounds.
  • 2,2-di (4-hydroxyphenyl) pentane 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene
  • Particularly preferred polycarbonates are those based on bisphenol A or bisphenol A together with up to 80 mol% of the aromatic dihydroxy compounds mentioned above.
  • Copolycarbonates according to US Pat. No. 3,737,409 can also be used; Of particular interest are copolycarbonates based on bisphenol A and di- (3,5-dimethyl-dihydroxyphenyl) sulfone, which are characterized by high heat resistance. It is also possible to use mixtures of different polycarbonates.
  • the average molecular weights (weight average M w , determined by means of gel permeation chromatography in tetrahydrofuran against polystyrene standards) of the polycarbonates C are in the range from 10,000 to 64,000 g / mol. They are preferably in the range from 15,000 to 63,000, in particular in the range from 15,000 to 60,000 g / mol. This means that the polycarbonates C have relative solution viscosities in the range from 1.1 to 1.3, measured in 0.5% strength by weight solution in dichloromethane at 25 ° C., preferably from 1.15 to 1.33. The relative solution viscosities of the polycarbonates used preferably differ by no more than 0.05, in particular no more than 0.04.
  • the polycarbonates C can be used both as regrind and in granular form. They are present as component C in amounts of 51-98% by weight, preferably from 55 to 90% by weight, in particular 60 to 85% by weight, in each case based on the total molding composition.
  • the addition of polycarbonates leads, inter alia, to higher thermal stability and improved crack resistance for the production of the molded articles according to the invention for the construction sector in. Molding compositions used according to the invention.
  • the preferred thermoplastic molding compositions used according to the invention for the production of the molded articles according to the invention for the building sector in the exterior contain 0 - 50% by weight, preferably 0 - 37% by weight, in particular 0 - 30% by weight fibrous or particulate fillers and other additives or their mixtures, in each case based on the total molding composition. These are preferably commercially available products.
  • Reinforcing agents such as carbon fibers and glass fibers are usually used in amounts of 5-50% by weight, based on the total molding composition.
  • the glass fibers used can be made of E, A or C glass and are preferably equipped with a size and an adhesion promoter. Their diameter is generally between 6 and 20 microns. Both continuous fibers (rovings) and chopped glass fibers (staple) can be used.
  • fillers or reinforcing materials such as glass balls, mineral fibers, whiskers, aluminum oxide fibers, mica, quartz powder and wollastonite can be added.
  • metal flakes e.g. aluminum flakes from Transmet Co ⁇ .
  • Metal powder, metal fibers, metal-coated fillers, for example nickel-coated glass fibers and other additives which shield electromagnetic waves are added to the molding compositions used according to the invention for the production of the housing according to the invention.
  • Aluminum flakes K 102 from Transmet
  • EMI electro-magnetic interference
  • the compositions can also be mixed with additional carbon fibers, carbon black, in particular conductivity carbon black, or nickel-coated carbon fibers.
  • the molding compositions used according to the invention for the production of the molded articles according to the invention for the building sector in the outdoor area may also contain further additives D which are typical and customary for polycarbonates, SAN polymers and graft copolymers or mixtures thereof.
  • additives D are typical and customary for polycarbonates, SAN polymers and graft copolymers or mixtures thereof.
  • additives are: dyes, pigments, colorants, antistatic agents, antioxidants, stabilizers to improve thermal stability, to increase light stability, to increase resistance to hydrolysis and to chemicals, buffer substances, drip inhibitors, transesterification inhibitors, flame retardants, agents against heat decomposition in particular the lubricants / lubricants and waxes that are expedient for the production of molded bodies or molded parts.
  • Heat stabilizers or oxidation retardants are usually metal halides (chlorides, bromides, iodides) which are derived from metals of group I of the periodic table of the elements (such as Li, Na, K, Cu).
  • metal halides chlorides, bromides, iodides
  • Other suitable stabilizers are the usual hindered phenols, but also vitamin E or compounds of an analog structure.
  • HALS stabilizers Hindered Amine Light Stabilizers
  • benzophenones benzophenones, resorcinols, salicylates, benzotriazoles and other compounds
  • Irganox ® Tinuvin such as Tinuvin 770 (HALS absorbers, bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl 4-piperidyl) sebazate) or Tinuvin ® P (UV absorber - (2H-benzotriazol-2-yl) -4-methylphenol), Topanol ® ).
  • Tinuvin such as Tinuvin 770 (HALS absorbers, bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl 4-piperidyl) sebazate) or Tinuvin ® P (UV absorber - (2H-benzotriazol-2-yl) -4-methylphenol
  • Topanol ® Tinuvin 770
  • Tinuvin ® P UV absorber - (2H-benzotriazol-2-yl) -4-methylphenol
  • Suitable lubricants and mold release agents are stearic acids, stearyl alcohol, stearic acid esters or generally higher fatty acids, their derivatives and corresponding fatty acid mixtures with 12-30 carbon atoms.
  • the amounts of these additives are in the range of 0.05-1% by weight.
  • Silicone oils, oligomeric isobutylene or similar substances are also suitable as additives, the usual amounts being 0.05-5% by weight.
  • Pigments, dyes, color brighteners such as ultramarine blue, phthalocyanines, titanium dioxide, cadmium sulfides, derivatives of perylene tetracarboxylic acid can also be used.
  • halogen-free or halogen-containing flame retardants can also be used in customary amounts, for example up to 20% by weight. Examples of halogen-free flame retardants are described in EP-A-0 149 813. Otherwise, reference is made to DE-A 3 436 815, poly (tetrabromobisphenol A (glycidyl) ether) having a molecular weight of 40,000 being particularly preferred.
  • Processing aids and stabilizers such as UV stabilizers, lubricants and antistatic agents are usually used in amounts of 0.01-5% by weight, based on the total molding composition.
  • thermoplastic molding compositions used according to the invention for producing the molded articles according to the invention for the building sector in the exterior can be produced by methods known per se by mixing the components. It can be advantageous to premix individual components. Mixing the components in solution and removing the solvents is also possible.
  • Suitable organic solvents are, for example, chlorobenzene, mixtures of chlorobenzene and methylene chloride or mixtures of chlorobenzene or aromatic hydrocarbons, such as toluene.
  • the solvent mixtures can be evaporated, for example, in evaporation extruders.
  • Mixing the e.g. dry components can be made by all known methods. However, the mixing is preferably carried out by extruding, kneading or rolling the components together, preferably at temperatures of 180-400 ° C., the components having, if necessary, been isolated beforehand from the solution obtained in the polymerization or from the aqueous dispersion.
  • the components can be metered in together or separately / one after the other.
  • the molded articles according to the invention for the exterior construction sector can be produced from the thermoplastic molding compositions used according to the known methods of thermoplastic processing.
  • production can be carried out by thermoforming, extrusion, injection molding, calendering, blow molding, pressing, press sintering, deep drawing or sintering, preferably by injection molding.
  • calendering and deep drawing plates and foils are produced and used as an intermediate stage.
  • the molded body for the outdoor construction sector can affect many applications. Examples of such applications can be found in house construction and cladding, in garden design and maintenance, in objects attached to the outside of houses and in supply and disposal lines. The following examples of such applications are conceivable: - Profile strips, such as window profiles
  • Supply and disposal lines such as pipes, cables and jackets, Cable ducts, double-wall sheets, hoses delimitations such as fences and fence elements
  • Cladding and facing such as roller shutter elements and shuttering cladding, panels and profiles for facing, housing for electrical parts outdoors, parts of glazing and skylights,
  • Facade cladding and a variety of other applications such as rollers, bellows, sieves and sieve elements, seals, timers, letter boxes, lamps, piles, roof tiles, tiles, flooring, housings for electrical parts outdoors, sacks, films for agriculture,
  • Construction films laminating foils, pipe coatings, rail washers, protective caps, sleeves, clips, slip closures, drainage pipes
  • Another area of application is in the form of bodies located in the garden, such as garden furniture, lawn mower housings, pipes and housings for devices for garden irrigation.
  • the molded body can represent corresponding housings, for example of electrical devices.
  • thermoplastic molding compositions described here have very good chemical resistance. They are also scratch-resistant, which is of particular advantage when cleaning.
  • the molding compositions in the applications according to the invention can also be combined with other molding compositions.
  • window profiles from the specified molding compositions can be connected by coextrusion or lamination with ASA, ABS / PC, PVC, PVC / ABS, PMMA molding compositions. That too It is possible to introduce foamed parts made of ASA, ABS / PC, PVC, PVC / ABS, PMMA molding compounds.
  • the molding composition according to the invention is preferably present on the outside, ie on the side facing the weathering.
  • the molding compositions described can be produced, for example, by gluing, welding, multi-component injection molding, etc.
  • the molded bodies according to the invention are resistant to yellowing and very stable for the building sector outdoors or their housings. They have a balanced ratio of toughness and bending stiffness.
  • the moldings for the building sector in the outdoor area or housing are very heat-resistant and resistant to lasting heat.
  • the polycarbonate as component C By adding the polycarbonate as component C, the heat resistance and impact resistance of the molded articles for the construction sector in the outdoor area are further improved.
  • These molded articles for the outdoor construction sector also have good dimensional stability as well as excellent resistance to heat aging and high resistance to yellowing under thermal stress and exposure to UV radiation.
  • the molded bodies for the building sector in the outdoor area or housing therefor have excellent surface properties, which can also be obtained without further surface treatment.
  • the appearance of the finished surfaces of the molded bodies for the construction sector can be modified outside by suitable modification of the rubber morphology, for example in order to achieve glossy or matt surface designs.
  • the moldings for the building sector in the outdoor area show a very low graying or yellowing effect when exposed to weather and UV radiation, so that the upper surface properties are retained.
  • Other advantageous properties of the molded body for the construction sector in the outdoor area are the high weather stability, good thermal resistance, high yellowing resistance under UV radiation and thermal stress, good stress crack resistance, especially when exposed to chemicals, and good anti-electrostatic behavior.
  • the molded articles according to the invention for the building sector in the outside area made of the thermoplastic molding compositions used according to the invention show no significant loss of toughness or impact resistance at low temperatures or after prolonged exposure to heat, which loss is retained even when exposed to UV rays. The tensile strength is also retained.
  • the molding compositions or molded articles according to the invention for the construction sector in the outdoor area show high resistance to scratching, high resistance to swelling and low permeability to liquids and gases, as well as good fire resistance.
  • thermoplastic molding compositions already used for the production of the molded articles according to the invention for the building sector in the outdoor area according to the present invention Because of the high color stability, weather resistance and aging resistance, the molding compositions used according to the invention are very suitable for reuse.
  • the proportion of reused (recycled) molding compound can be high.
  • the relevant material properties, such as flowability, Vicat softening temperature and impact resistance of the molding compounds and the molded articles according to the invention for the construction sector produced therefrom changed not significant outdoors. Similar results were obtained when the weather resistance was examined.
  • step (al) On the one hand, a mixture of 49 parts of butyl acrylate was added to a template of 2.5 parts of the latex produced in step (a1) from Example 1 after the addition of 50 parts of water and 0.1 part of potassium persulfate in the course of 3 hours and 1 part of tricyclodecenyl acrylate and, on the other hand, a solution of 0.5 part of the sodium salt of a C12 to C 8 paraffin sulfonic acid in 25 parts of water at 60 ° C. After the end of the feed, polymerization was continued for 2 hours. The resulting latex of the crosslinked butyl acrylate
  • the polymer had a solids content of 40%.
  • the average particle size (weight average of the latex) was found to be 288 nm.
  • the completion of the monomer addition was left to react for an hour.
  • the latex of the crosslinked butyl acrylate polymer obtained had a solids content of 40% by weight.
  • the graft polymer had a degree of grafting of 17%.
  • This graft copolymer dispersion was polymerized without further additives with 20 parts of a mixture of styrene and acrylonitrile (ratio 75:25) for a further 3 hours. After the graft copolymerization had ended, the product was precipitated from the dispersion using calcium chloride solution at 95 ° C., washed with water and in the warm Airflow dried. The degree of grafting of the graft polymer was 35%, and the average particle size of the latex particles was found to be 238 nm.
  • a monomer mixture of styrene and acrylonitrile was polymerized in solution under customary conditions.
  • the styrene / acrylonitrile copolymer obtained had an acrylonitrile content of 35% by weight, based on the copolymer, and a viscosity number of 80 ml / g.
  • a monomer mixture of styrene and acrylonitrile was polymerized in solution under customary conditions.
  • the styrene / acrylonitrile copolymer obtained had an acrylonitrile content of 35% by weight, based on the copolymer, and a viscosity number of 60 ml / g.
  • a monomer mixture of styrene and acrylonitrile was polymerized in solution under customary conditions.
  • the styrene / acrylonitrile copolymer obtained had an acrylonitrile content of 27% by weight, based on the copolymer, and a viscosity number of 80 ml / g. Comparative Example 1
  • the graft rubber content was 30% by weight, based on the total weight of the finished polymer.
  • PC polycarbonate
  • the scratch resistance is determined using a CSEM Automatic Scratch Tester model AMI (manufacturer: Center Canal d ⁇ lectronique et de Micro technique S.A.).
  • the scratch tester has a diamond tip with a 120 ° tip angle and 0.2 mm radius. With this diamond tip, scratches of 5 mm length are introduced into injection molded test specimens from the material to be tested.
  • the pressing force of the diamond unless otherwise stated, is 2.6 N. After an hour of waiting, the scratches that are created are scanned in the transverse direction and displayed as a height-depth profile. The scratch depth can then be read from this.
  • the resistance to stress cracking is determined using the bending strip method in accordance with ISO 4599.
  • the test specimens used are injection molded. They have the dimensions 80 x 15 x 2 mm. Unless otherwise stated, the test specimen had a bending radius of 50 mm.
  • the test specimens were clamped in a template, bent and wetted with the test medium for 24 hours. Then the impact work at break is determined with a pendulum. Bl isopropanol was used as the test medium.
  • a normal household cleaner (Ajax Ultra Classic® from Colgate Palmolive Germany, a surfactant household cleaner) was used in b2.
  • Weight change and, if necessary, the change in the tensile modulus of elasticity are determined in comparison to the initial value.
  • Table II, cl shows the change in weight in methanol, in c2 in super gasoline and in c3 the change in tensile modulus in super gasoline.
  • foils are pressed from the material to be tested (thickness approx. 120 to 250 ⁇ m), the permeability of which to the specified gases or liquids is determined at 23 ° C. The values are given in (cm 3 100 ⁇ m) / (m 2 d bar) for gases or in (g 100 ⁇ m) / (m 2 d) for water. (Tab. HI)
  • Molding compositions that can be used advantageously should meet the following conditions: scratch depth of less than 6 ⁇ m, change in impact energy compared to the initial value of less than 10%, swelling in methanol of less than 1% or swelling and change in the modulus of elasticity of less than 6 % in super gasoline.
  • the molding compositions with a polycarbonate content of more than 50% by weight had an excellent combination of properties. This advantageous range of properties makes them particularly suitable for use in molded articles and semi-finished products for the outdoor construction sector.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne l'utilisation d'une matière moulable thermoplastique, différente de l'ABS, pour la production de corps moulés pour le secteur du bâtiment, utilisés à l'extérieur. Cette matière moulable contient, par rapport à la somme des proportions de constituants A, B et C, et éventuellement D, égale à 100 % en poids: a) 1 à 48 % en poids d'au moins un polymère en émulsion particulaire à une ou plusieurs phases, présentant une température de transition vitreuse inférieure à 0 °C, au moins une phase et une dimension moyenne de particules comprise entre 50 et 1000 nm, de préférence entre 50 et 500 nm, comme constituant A; b) 1 à 48 % en poids d'au moins un polymère amorphe ou partiellement cristallin comme constituant B; c) 51 à 98 % en poids de polycarbonates comme constituant C, et d) 0 à 50 % en poids d'additifs usuels, et/ou de charges fibreuses ou particulaires ou de leurs mélanges comme constituant D.
EP99950632A 1998-10-07 1999-10-05 Corps moules pour le secteur du batiment, utilises a l'exterieur Expired - Lifetime EP1123353B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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DE19846198A DE19846198A1 (de) 1998-10-07 1998-10-07 Formkörper für den Bausektor im Außenbereich
DE19846198 1998-10-07
PCT/EP1999/007436 WO2000020508A1 (fr) 1998-10-07 1999-10-05 Corps moules pour le secteur du batiment, utilises a l'exterieur

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DE10103204A1 (de) * 2001-01-24 2002-07-25 Hans-Heinz Helge Profil zum Separieren eines Raumes und Verfahren zur Herstellung des Profils sowie dessen Verwendung
JP2002234920A (ja) * 2001-02-09 2002-08-23 Kanegafuchi Chem Ind Co Ltd 熱可塑性樹脂用耐衝撃性改良剤及びそれを含む樹脂組成物
EP2021179B1 (fr) * 2006-05-23 2017-09-06 Arkema France Procede de coextrusion multicouche
DE102007022074A1 (de) * 2007-05-08 2008-11-13 Rehau Ag + Co Profilleiste
CN102617949B (zh) * 2012-02-26 2014-04-09 新疆蓝山屯河型材有限公司 彩色pvc装饰型材及其生产方法
DE102016013778A1 (de) * 2016-10-28 2018-05-03 DEFLEX-Fugensysteme GmbH Fugen-Profilanordnungen mit dauerhafter Abriebsfestigkeit zur Abdeckung von Fugen und betriebsichere überwachungsarme Vorrichtungen zur Abdeckung derselben

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DE3615607A1 (de) * 1986-05-09 1987-11-12 Basf Ag Thermoplastische formmasse auf basis von polycarbonat, asa und vinylaromaten/an enthaltenden copolymerisaten
DE3631539A1 (de) * 1986-09-17 1988-03-24 Bayer Ag Alterungsbestaendige thermoplastische formmassen mit guter zaehigkeit
DE3836900A1 (de) * 1988-10-29 1990-05-03 Bayer Ag Formmassen aus polyestercarbonat, polyalkylenterephthalat und gepfropftem silikonkautschuk
DE19630117A1 (de) * 1996-07-25 1998-01-29 Basf Ag Gehäuse für Sicherheitseinrichtungen

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DE19846198A1 (de) 2000-04-13

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