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EP1117537B1 - Gravure process for printing adjacent colour surfaces with various colour coating thicknesses as well as data substrate, printing plate and method of manufacturing a printing plate - Google Patents

Gravure process for printing adjacent colour surfaces with various colour coating thicknesses as well as data substrate, printing plate and method of manufacturing a printing plate Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1117537B1
EP1117537B1 EP99948896A EP99948896A EP1117537B1 EP 1117537 B1 EP1117537 B1 EP 1117537B1 EP 99948896 A EP99948896 A EP 99948896A EP 99948896 A EP99948896 A EP 99948896A EP 1117537 B1 EP1117537 B1 EP 1117537B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
printing plate
engraved
area
engraving
areas
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EP99948896A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1117537A1 (en
EP1117537B2 (en
Inventor
Karlheinz Mayer
Roger Adamczyk
Eduard Wisjak
Peter Franz
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Giesecke and Devrient GmbH
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Giesecke and Devrient GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M1/00—Inking and printing with a printer's forme
    • B41M1/10—Intaglio printing ; Gravure printing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M3/00—Printing processes to produce particular kinds of printed work, e.g. patterns
    • B41M3/14—Security printing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41N—PRINTING PLATES OR FOILS; MATERIALS FOR SURFACES USED IN PRINTING MACHINES FOR PRINTING, INKING, DAMPING, OR THE LIKE; PREPARING SUCH SURFACES FOR USE AND CONSERVING THEM
    • B41N1/00—Printing plates or foils; Materials therefor
    • B41N1/04—Printing plates or foils; Materials therefor metallic
    • B41N1/06—Printing plates or foils; Materials therefor metallic for relief printing or intaglio printing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a data carrier with intaglio printing Printed image, with different color areas adjacent to each other Ink layer thicknesses, an intaglio printing process for printing together bordering colored areas, as well as printing plates for the implementation the gravure printing process and a process for producing the printing plates.
  • gravure printing In conventional gravure printing, there is a difference between gravure printing and the engraving or line gravure.
  • the printing plates are produced, for example, by means of Electron beam, laser beam or stylus.
  • Characteristic of gravure printing is that different gray or color values of the printed image due to wells regularly arranged in the pressure plate Density, size and / or depth are generated.
  • Line or intaglio printing technology is for printing on data carriers, especially securities, such as banknotes and the like, an important technique.
  • Intaglio printing compared to other common printing techniques, such as for example offset printing, a very thick application of ink on a data carrier to.
  • the comparatively thick one produced by intaglio printing Color layer is easy even for the layperson based on its tactility as simple Authenticity feature recognizable. This authenticity feature is simple Do not imitate the copy, so that the intaglio printing technique Offers protection against simple counterfeiting.
  • Intaglio printing is characterized by the fact that the printing plates are linear Wells are made to create a print image.
  • the mechanically manufactured printing plate for intaglio printing is due of the usually tapered engraving tools with increasing Stitch depth creates a wider line.
  • the ink absorption capacity decreases the engraved line and thus the opacity of the printed one Line with increasing stitch depth.
  • etching intaglio printing plates the non-printing areas of the printing plate are marked with a chemically inert paint covered. Subsequent etching turns into the exposed plate surface creates the engraving, depth and The width of the engraving lines depends in particular on the etching time.
  • a method is known from WO 97/48555 with which intaglio printing plates can be produced in a reproducible, mechanical way.
  • To the lines of a line template are recorded and the area of each Line is determined exactly.
  • an engraving tool for example one rotating stylus or a laser beam, first the outer contour this area is engraved to cleanly frame the area. Subsequently the bordered area of the surface is created using the same or a other engraving tool cleared, so the entire line accordingly the line template is exactly engraved.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide measures which allow contiguous colored areas in intaglio printing to produce that are clearly differentiated.
  • the color layer thickness is at the borderline between the color areas equals zero. It can, however, if the printing colors of each other connecting bordering colored areas in the immediate border area, slightly be greater than zero; this is particularly the case when the edges of the separating edge are steep and have a small flank angle. The flatter the Flanks of the separating edge, the slower the color layer thickness in the Border area against the minimum ink layer thickness. This can cause a very fine, only visible under magnification, for example with a magnifying glass lighter boundary lines are generated between the adjacent colored areas, which as an additional security feature hidden under normal observation can serve.
  • the invention makes it possible for the first time to directly adjoin one another Color areas with different layer thicknesses using intaglio printing to generate that do not run into each other and clearly delimited from each other are.
  • FIG. 1 shows a profile of a printing plate 1 with a printing plate surface 2, into which a first engraving area 3a with an engraving depth t a and a second engraving area 3b with a second engraving depth t b are engraved.
  • the two engraving areas 3a, 3b directly adjoin one another at the level of the printing plate surface 2 and are otherwise separated from one another by a separating edge 5, the upper edge 6 of which tapers at the level of the printing plate surface 2.
  • the printing plate can also be designed so that the upper edge 6 is slightly, ie a few microns below the level of the printing plate surface 2.
  • the flanks of the engraving areas 3a, 3b also simultaneously form the flanks of the separating edge and form a flank angle with respect to the solder on the upper edge 6.
  • flank angle ⁇ of the right flank of the separating edge is shown, since the two flank angles are the same in the example shown.
  • the two flank angles of the separating edge 5 can also be chosen differently.
  • the flank angles can be in the range from 15 ° to 60 °, preferably in the range from 30 ° to 50 °.
  • the base areas 7a and 7b of the engraving areas 3a, 3b can be flat be (7a) or have a basic roughness pattern (7b).
  • the basic roughness pattern is advantageous because the ink is better at the bottom of the Engraving is held.
  • the engraving areas 3a and 3b can also go down taper to a point so that they have no base area 7a or 7b (not ) Shown.
  • the engraving depth ta, tb of the engraving areas 3a, 3b is in the range from 5 ⁇ m to 250 ⁇ m and preferably in the range from 5 ⁇ m to 150 ⁇ m.
  • the engraved plates are also suitable for duplication using conventional, customary impression techniques for intaglio printing plates. Doing so the engraved original reproduced several times via intermediate steps and only the reproductions used as a printing form. Engravings with the preferred Flank angles and engraving depths have changed during the reproduction required molding and separation processes as particularly cheap proved.
  • FIG. 2 shows a section of a data carrier 10 with a printed image comprising two color areas 12a, 12b in a schematically simplified manner.
  • the data carrier 10 was printed with a printing plate 1, as shown in FIG. 1, by intaglio printing. During the printing process, the data carrier 10 is pressed into the engraving areas 3a, 3b, wherein corresponding depressions 11a, 11b can remain permanently on the underside of the data carrier 17.
  • the upper side of the data carrier 15 has corresponding elevations in the areas 11a, 11b, these elevations being covered by color layers 13a, 13b, which were taken from the upper side of the data carrier 15 from the engraving areas 3a, 3b.
  • the surfaces of the color layers 13a, 13b form the color areas 12a and 12b.
  • the difference in level between the non-printed substrate surface and the surfaces of the respective color areas 12a, 12b is defined as the ink layer thickness D a , D b .
  • the ink layer thicknesses D a and D b decrease continuously up to a boundary line which was defined by the upper edge 6 of the separating edge 5 of the printing plate 1.
  • the flank angle ⁇ and depending on the engraving depth ta, tb, there is a more or less wide border area B. Since the ink layer thicknesses D a and D b decrease continuously in the border area B, a suitable choice of the flank angle ⁇ for the human eye to produce a line of light color that is not recognizable without the aid of tools.
  • the ink layer thicknesses D a and D b are reduced at the borderline to an ink layer thickness minimum with a thickness of 0.
  • the ink areas 12a, 12b can also be slightly connected without any detectable color mixing occurring.
  • Figure 3 shows this case. It can be seen that a connection of the colored areas 12a and 12b has taken place at the boundary line 16.
  • the color layers 13a and 13b can consist of printing inks of different colors, since the colors of different engraving areas are practically not mixed due to the inventive design of the printing plate. However, if the same glazing printing ink is used for adjacent engraving areas 3a, 3b with different engraving depths t a and t b , different color tones of the color layers 13a and 13b result in the printed image.
  • the adjacent engraving areas can be linear or area-like depressions.
  • the wells are preferred engraved with a rotating stylus that has a flank angle corresponding to the flank angle of the separating edge to be generated.
  • the engraving stylus can also be moved along paths that form two groups.
  • the curves or straight lines of a share run each parallel to each other and cross the curves or straight lines of the second Coulters at regular intervals. This creates a basic roughness pattern in the manner of a cross grid with particularly favorable color trapping properties.
  • the stylus preferably tapers to a point or has a special one Contour that allows a basic roughness pattern on the base of the engraving to generate, which serves as a color catcher.
  • the prick is in regular, small distances parallel to a previously engraved path moved, so that the previously engraved depression widens by precisely this distance becomes.
  • the engraving depth is in the range from 5 to 250 ⁇ m, preferably 5 to 150 ⁇ m.
  • flank angles in the range from 30 ° to 50 ° allow one longer service life of the engraving tool with excellent Print result of the engraved printing plate.
  • Tools with flank angles in the range of 30 ° are particularly suitable for engraving very fine, filigree and small-area structures, while for engraving large-area and coarser structures Tools with flank angles from 40 ° to 50 ° are preferable.
  • One or more linear or flat depressions can be a pattern, represent a symbol or a character.
  • Several together bordering depressions can form a regular grid, so that the generated print image appears homogeneous, the grid being a fine structure generated in the print image, which can only be recognized with magnifying aids.

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  • Printing Methods (AREA)
  • Manufacture Or Reproduction Of Printing Formes (AREA)
  • Printing Plates And Materials Therefor (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Datenträger mit im Stichtiefdruckverfahren hergestelltem Druckbild, mit aneinander grenzenden Farbflächen unterschiedlicher Farbschichtdicken, ein Stichtiefdruckverfahren zum Drucken von aneinander grenzenden Farbflächen, sowie Druckplatten für die Durchführung des Tiefdruckverfahrens und ein Verfahren zur Herstellung der Druckplatten.The invention relates to a data carrier with intaglio printing Printed image, with different color areas adjacent to each other Ink layer thicknesses, an intaglio printing process for printing together bordering colored areas, as well as printing plates for the implementation the gravure printing process and a process for producing the printing plates.

Kennzeichnend für die Tiefdrucktechnik ist, dass in den druckenden, d.h. farbübertragenden Bereichen das Material der Oberfläche einer Druckplatte mittels eines geeigneten Gravierwerkszeugs oder mittels Ätzung entfernt wird. Auf die fertige Druckplatte wird Farbe aufgetragen, und die überschüssige Druckfarbe wird vor dem eigentlichen Druckvorgang mittels eines Abstreifrakels oder eines Wischzylinders von der Oberfläche der Druckplatte entfernt, so dass die Farbe lediglich in den Vertiefungen zurückbleibt. Dann wird ein Substrat, in der Regel Papier, gegen die Druckplatte gepresst und wieder abgezogen, wobei die Farbe an der Substratoberfläche haften bleibt und dort ein Druckbild bildet. Werden lasierende Farben verwendet, bestimmt die Dicke des Farbauftrags den Farbton.It is characteristic of gravure printing technology that in the printing, i.e. ink-transferring areas the material of the surface of a printing plate removed using a suitable engraving tool or by etching becomes. Ink is applied to the finished printing plate, and the excess Before the actual printing process, printing ink is printed using a Doctor blade or a wiping cylinder from the surface of the printing plate removed so that the color only remains in the depressions. Then a substrate, usually paper, is pressed against the printing plate and peeled off again, the paint adhering to the substrate surface remains and forms a printed image there. If glazing colors are used, the thickness of the paint application determines the hue.

Bei den herkömmlichen Tiefdrucktechniken wird zwischen dem Rastertiefdruck und dem Stich- bzw. Linientiefdruck unterschieden. Beim Rastertiefdruckverfahren erfolgt die Herstellung der Druckplatten beispielsweise mittels Elektronenstrahl, Laserstrahl oder Stichel. Kennzeichnend für den Rastertiefdruck ist, dass unterschiedliche Grau- oder Farbwerte des Druckbildes durch regelmäßig in der Druckplatte angeordnete Näpfchen unterschiedlicher Dichte, Größe und/oder Tiefe erzeugt werden. In conventional gravure printing, there is a difference between gravure printing and the engraving or line gravure. In gravure printing the printing plates are produced, for example, by means of Electron beam, laser beam or stylus. Characteristic of gravure printing is that different gray or color values of the printed image due to wells regularly arranged in the pressure plate Density, size and / or depth are generated.

Die Linien- bzw. Stichtiefdrucktechnik, insbesondere die Stahlstichtiefdrucktechnik, ist für das Bedrucken von Datenträgern, insbesondere von Wertpapieren, wie Banknoten und dergleichen, eine wichtige Technik. Die Stichtiefdrucktechnik lässt im Vergleich zu anderen gängigen Drucktechniken, wie beispielsweise Offsetdruck, einen sehr dicken Farbauftrag auf einem Datenträger zu. Die im Stichtiefdruckverfahren erzeugte, vergleichsweise dicke Farbschicht ist auch für den Laien leicht anhand ihrer Taktilität als einfaches Echtheitsmerkmal erkennbar. Dieses Echtheitsmerkmal ist mit einer einfachen Kopie nicht nachzuahmen, so dass die Stichtiefdrucktechnik einen Schutz gegen einfache Fälschungen bietet.Line or intaglio printing technology, especially steel intaglio printing technology, is for printing on data carriers, especially securities, such as banknotes and the like, an important technique. Intaglio printing compared to other common printing techniques, such as for example offset printing, a very thick application of ink on a data carrier to. The comparatively thick one produced by intaglio printing Color layer is easy even for the layperson based on its tactility as simple Authenticity feature recognizable. This authenticity feature is simple Do not imitate the copy, so that the intaglio printing technique Offers protection against simple counterfeiting.

Der Stichtiefdruck zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass in die Druckplatten linienförmige Vertiefungen eingebracht werden, um ein Druckbild zu erzeugen. Bei der mechanisch gefertigten Druckplatte für den Stichtiefdruck wird aufgrund der üblicherweise konisch zulaufenden Gravierwerkzeuge mit zunehmender Stichtiefe eine breitere Linie erzeugt. Außerdem nimmt die Farbaufnahmefähigkeit der gravierten Linie und damit die Opazität der gedruckten Linie mit zunehmender Stichtiefe zu. Bei der Ätzung von Stichtiefdruckplatten werden die nicht druckenden Bereiche der Druckplatte mit einem chemisch inerten Lack abgedeckt. Durch nachfolgendes Ätzen wird in der freiliegenden Plattenoberfläche die Gravur erzeugt, wobei Tiefe und Breite der Gravurlinien insbesondere von der Ätzdauer abhängen.Intaglio printing is characterized by the fact that the printing plates are linear Wells are made to create a print image. With the mechanically manufactured printing plate for intaglio printing is due of the usually tapered engraving tools with increasing Stitch depth creates a wider line. In addition, the ink absorption capacity decreases the engraved line and thus the opacity of the printed one Line with increasing stitch depth. When etching intaglio printing plates the non-printing areas of the printing plate are marked with a chemically inert paint covered. Subsequent etching turns into the exposed plate surface creates the engraving, depth and The width of the engraving lines depends in particular on the etching time.

Aus der WO 97/48555 ist ein Verfahren bekannt, mit dem Stichtiefdruckplatten auf reproduzierbare, maschinelle Weise hergestellt werden können. Dazu werden die Linien einer Strichvorlage erfasst und die Fläche einer jeden Linie wird exakt bestimmt. Mit einem Gravierwerkzeug, beispielsweise einem rotierenden Stichel oder einem Laserstrahl, wird zunächst die Außenkontur dieser Fläche graviert, um die Fläche sauber zu umranden. Anschließend wird der umrandete Bereich der Fläche mittels demselben oder einem anderen Gravierwerkzeug geräumt, so dass die gesamte Linie entsprechend der Strichvorlage exakt graviert ist. Je nach Form und Führung des Gravierwerkzeugs entsteht am Grund der geräumten Fläche ein Rauigkeitsgrundmuster, das als Farbfang für die Druckfarbe dient.A method is known from WO 97/48555 with which intaglio printing plates can be produced in a reproducible, mechanical way. To the lines of a line template are recorded and the area of each Line is determined exactly. With an engraving tool, for example one rotating stylus or a laser beam, first the outer contour this area is engraved to cleanly frame the area. Subsequently the bordered area of the surface is created using the same or a other engraving tool cleared, so the entire line accordingly the line template is exactly engraved. Depending on the shape and guidance of the engraving tool there is a basic roughness pattern at the bottom of the cleared area, that serves as a color catcher for the printing ink.

Es ist auch möglich, innerhalb einer ersten gravierten Fläche eine zweite Fläche mit größerer Gravurtiefe zu gravieren, so dass das Druckbild wegen des unterschiedlich dicken Farbauftrags zwei aneinander grenzende Flächen mit unterschiedlicher Farbintensität aufweist. Nach dem Druckvorgang verwischen die Dickenunterschiede jedoch, da die Druckfarben der Farbflächen ineinanderlaufen, so dass eine scharfe optische Trennung zwischen den Farbflächen im Druckbild nicht besteht und auf diese Art auch keine feinen Bildstrukturen wiedergegeben werden können.It is also possible to have a second surface within a first engraved surface to engrave with greater engraving depth, so that the printed image due to the different thicknesses of paint with two adjacent surfaces different color intensity. Blur after printing the differences in thickness, however, because the inks of the colored areas run into each other so that there is a sharp optical separation between the There are no color areas in the printed image and in this way no fine areas Image structures can be reproduced.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es daher, Maßnahmen vorzusehen, die es erlauben, aneinander grenzende Farbflächen im Stichtiefdruckverfahren zu erzeugen, die klar voneinander abgegrenzt sind.The object of the present invention is therefore to provide measures which allow contiguous colored areas in intaglio printing to produce that are clearly differentiated.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale der unabhängigen Ansprüche gelöst. Weiterbildungen sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.This object is achieved by the features of the independent Claims resolved. Further training is the subject of the subclaims.

Wesentlich ist, dass zur Erzeugung aneinander grenzender Farbflächen die den Farbflächen auf der Druckplatte zugeordneten Gravurbereiche durch eine Trennkante voneinander getrennt sind, die in Höhe der Druckplattenoberfläche spitz zuläuft. Wird mit einer solchen Druckplatte ein Datenträger, beispielsweise eine Banknote, gedruckt, so werden aneinander grenzende Farbflächen erzeugt, die im Grenzbereich ein Minimum durchlaufen. It is essential that the engraving areas assigned to the color areas on the printing plate a separating edge are separated from each other, at the level of the printing plate surface tapered. If such a printing plate becomes a data carrier, For example, a banknote is printed, so are adjacent Color areas are generated that go through a minimum in the border area.

Im Idealfall ist die Farbschichtdicke an der Grenzlinie zwischen den Farbflächen gleich null. Sie kann aber, wenn sich die Druckfarben der aneinander grenzenden Farbflächen im unmittelbaren Grenzbereich verbinden, geringfügig größer null sein; dies insbesondere dann, wenn die Flanken der Trennkante steil sind und einen kleinen Flankenwinkel aufweisen. Je flacher die Flanken der Trennkante sind, desto langsamer geht die Farbschichtdicke im Grenzbereich gegen das Farbschichtdickenminimum. Dadurch kann eine sehr feine, nur unter Vergrößerung, beispielsweise mit einer Lupe erkennbare hellere Grenzlinie zwischen den angrenzenden Farbflächen erzeugt werden, die als zusätzliches, bei normaler Betrachtung verborgenes Sicherheitsmerkmal dienen kann.Ideally, the color layer thickness is at the borderline between the color areas equals zero. It can, however, if the printing colors of each other connecting bordering colored areas in the immediate border area, slightly be greater than zero; this is particularly the case when the edges of the separating edge are steep and have a small flank angle. The flatter the Flanks of the separating edge, the slower the color layer thickness in the Border area against the minimum ink layer thickness. This can cause a very fine, only visible under magnification, for example with a magnifying glass lighter boundary lines are generated between the adjacent colored areas, which as an additional security feature hidden under normal observation can serve.

Durch die Erfindung ist es erstmals möglich, unmittelbar aneinander grenzende Farbflächen mit unterschiedlicher Schichtdicke im Stichtiefdruckverfahren zu erzeugen, die nicht ineinander laufen und klar voneinander abgegrenzt sind.The invention makes it possible for the first time to directly adjoin one another Color areas with different layer thicknesses using intaglio printing to generate that do not run into each other and clearly delimited from each other are.

Je nach Gravurtiefe können auf diese Weise mit derselben Druckfarbe unterschiedliche Farbtönungen eingestellt werden. Bei Verwendung handelsüblicher Stichtiefdruckfarben führen Gravurtiefen im Bereich von etwa 5 bis 60 µm zu Farbschichten mit eher durchscheinendem, lasierendem Farbeindruck. Wobei helle Farben üblicherweise stärker lasieren als dunkle. Bei Gravurtiefen im Bereich von etwa 60 bis 100 µm erhält man dagegen Farbschichten mit eher deckendem Farbeindruck. So können bei Verwendung von beispielsweise drei verschiedenen lasierenden Druckfarben in Kombination mit lediglich zwei unterschiedlichen Gravurtiefen bereits sechs verschiedene Farbtöne mit einem Druckvorgang erzeugt werden. Ab einer Gravurtiefe von ungefähr 100 µm und mehr sind die damit erzeugten Farbschichten auf einem bedruckten Dokument auch gut tastbar, so dass mit den erfindungsgemäßen Druckplatten nicht nur der visuelle Farbeindruck eines bedruckten Dokuments, sondern auch taktile Merkmale gezielt eingestellt werden können.Depending on the engraving depth, different prints can be made with the same ink Color tones can be set. When using commercially available Intaglio printing inks have engraving depths in the range of about 5 to 60 µm to layers of paint with a more translucent, glazed color impression. Light colors usually glaze more strongly than dark ones. at On the other hand, engraving depths in the range of about 60 to 100 µm are obtained Color layers with a rather opaque color impression. So when in use of, for example, three different glazing inks Combination with just two different engraving depths is already six different color tones can be generated with one printing process. From one The resulting color layers are engraving depths of approximately 100 µm and more on a printed document is also easy to feel, so that with the printing plates according to the invention not only the visual color impression of a printed document, but also set tactile features specifically can be.

Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand der Figuren beispielhaft beschrieben. Die Figuren sind Prinzipskizzen, die insbesondere die Schichtdickenverhältnisse nicht maßstabsgerecht wiedergeben.The invention is described below using the figures as an example. The figures are sketches showing the layer thickness ratios not reproduced to scale.

Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
Ausschnitt einer Druckplatte im Querschnitt;
Fig. 2
Ausschnitt eines Datenträgers mit zwei aneinander grenzenden Farbschichten mit unterschiedlicher Farbschichtdicke schematisch im Querschnitt;
Fig. 3
Ausschnitt eines Datenträgers mit zwei aneinander grenzenden Farbschichten im Querschnitt.
Show it:
Fig. 1
Section of a printing plate in cross section;
Fig. 2
Section of a data carrier with two adjacent color layers with different color layer thickness schematically in cross section;
Fig. 3
Section of a data carrier with two adjacent layers of color in cross-section.

Figur 1 zeigt ein Profil einer Druckplatte 1 mit einer Druckplattenoberfläche 2, in die ein erster Gravurbereich 3a mit einer Gravurtiefe ta und ein zweiter Gravurbereich 3b mit einer zweiten Gravurtiefe tb graviert sind. Die beiden Gravurbereiche 3a, 3b grenzen in Höhe der Druckplattenoberfläche 2 unmittelbar aneinander und sind im Übrigen durch eine Trennkante 5 voneinander getrennt, deren Oberkante 6 in Höhe der Druckplattenoberfläche 2 spitz zuläuft. Die Druckplatte kann auch so gestaltet werden, dass die Oberkante 6 geringfügig, d.h. einige wenige µm unterhalb des Niveaus der Druckplattenoberfläche 2 liegt. Die Flanken der Gravurbereiche 3a, 3b bilden auch gleichzeitig die Flanken der Trennkante und bilden bezüglich des Lots auf die Oberkante 6 einen Flankenwinkel. In Fig. 1 ist lediglich der Flankenwinkel α der rechten Flanke der Trennkante gezeigt, da die beiden Flankenwinkel im dargestellten Beispiel gleich sind. Die beiden Flankenwinkel der Trennkante 5 können aber auch unterschiedlich gewählt werden. Die Flankenwinkel können im Bereich von 15° bis 60° liegen, vorzugsweise bewegen sie sich im Bereich von 30° bis 50°.FIG. 1 shows a profile of a printing plate 1 with a printing plate surface 2, into which a first engraving area 3a with an engraving depth t a and a second engraving area 3b with a second engraving depth t b are engraved. The two engraving areas 3a, 3b directly adjoin one another at the level of the printing plate surface 2 and are otherwise separated from one another by a separating edge 5, the upper edge 6 of which tapers at the level of the printing plate surface 2. The printing plate can also be designed so that the upper edge 6 is slightly, ie a few microns below the level of the printing plate surface 2. The flanks of the engraving areas 3a, 3b also simultaneously form the flanks of the separating edge and form a flank angle with respect to the solder on the upper edge 6. In Fig. 1, only the flank angle α of the right flank of the separating edge is shown, since the two flank angles are the same in the example shown. The two flank angles of the separating edge 5 can also be chosen differently. The flank angles can be in the range from 15 ° to 60 °, preferably in the range from 30 ° to 50 °.

Vergleiche haben ergeben, dass Druckplatten mit den bevorzugten Flankenwinkeln im Bereich von 30° bis 50° bessere drucktechnische Eigenschaften haben. Dazu gehören eine gute Kantenschärfe des Druckbildes und eine verringerte Neigung zum sogenannten Farbspritzen, das auf dem bedruckten Gegenstand zu ausfransenden Rändern der bedruckten Bereiche führt.Comparisons have shown that printing plates with the preferred flank angles better printing properties in the range from 30 ° to 50 ° to have. This includes a good edge sharpness of the printed image and a reduced tendency to so-called paint spraying, which is printed on the Object leads to frayed edges of the printed areas.

Die Grundflächen 7a und 7b der Gravurbereiche 3a, 3b können eben ausgebildet sein (7a) oder ein Rauigkeitsgrundmuster aufweisen (7b). Das Rauigkeitsgrundmuster ist vorteilhaft, da die Druckfarbe besser am Boden der Gravur gehalten wird. Die Gravurbereiche 3a bzw. 3b können auch nach unten spitz zulaufen, so dass sie keine Grundfläche 7a bzw. 7b besitzen (nicht dargestellt).The base areas 7a and 7b of the engraving areas 3a, 3b can be flat be (7a) or have a basic roughness pattern (7b). The basic roughness pattern is advantageous because the ink is better at the bottom of the Engraving is held. The engraving areas 3a and 3b can also go down taper to a point so that they have no base area 7a or 7b (not ) Shown.

Die Gravurtiefe ta, tb der Gravurbereiche 3a, 3b liegt im Bereich von 5 µm bis 250 µm und vorzugsweise im Bereich von 5 µm bis 150 µm.The engraving depth ta, tb of the engraving areas 3a, 3b is in the range from 5 μm to 250 µm and preferably in the range from 5 µm to 150 µm.

Die gravierten Platten eignen sich auch für die Vervielfältigung durch konventionelle, bei Stichtiefdruckplatten übliche Abformtechniken. Dabei wird das gravierte Original über Zwischenschritte mehrfach reproduziert und erst die Reproduktionen als Druckform eingesetzt. Gravuren mit den bevorzugten Flankenwinkeln und Gravurtiefen haben sich bei den während der Reproduktion erforderlichen Abform- und Trennvorgängen als besonders günstig erwiesen.The engraved plates are also suitable for duplication using conventional, customary impression techniques for intaglio printing plates. Doing so the engraved original reproduced several times via intermediate steps and only the reproductions used as a printing form. Engravings with the preferred Flank angles and engraving depths have changed during the reproduction required molding and separation processes as particularly cheap proved.

In Figur 2 ist ein Ausschnitt eines Datenträgers 10 mit einem zwei Farbflächen 12a, 12b umfassenden Druckbild schematisch vereinfacht dargestellt. Der Datenträger 10 wurde mit einer Druckplatte 1, wie in Figur 1 dargestellt, im Stichtiefdruckverfahren bedruckt. Während des Druckvorgangs wird der Datenträger 10 in die Gravurbereiche 3a, 3b gepresst, wobei auf der Datenträgerunterseite 17 entsprechende Vertiefungen 11a, 11b dauerhaft verbleiben können. Die Datenträgeroberseite 15 weist entsprechende Erhebungen in den Bereichen 11a, 11b auf, wobei diese Erhebungen durch Farbschichten 13a, 13b abgedeckt sind, die von der Datenträgeroberseite 15 aus den Gravurbereichen 3a, 3b aufgenommen wurden. Die Farbschichten 13a, 13b bilden mit ihren Oberflächen die Farbflächen 12a und 12b. Als Farbschichtdicke Da, Db wird der Niveauunterschied zwischen der nicht bedruckten Substratoberfläche und den Oberflächen der jeweiligen Farbflächen 12a, 12b festgelegt. Im Grenzbereich B nehmen die Farbschichtdicken Da und Db kontinuierlich ab bis zu einer Grenzlinie, die durch die Oberkante 6 der Trennkante 5 der Druckplatte 1 definiert wurde. Je nach Wahl der Flankenwinkel α und in Abhängigkeit von der Gravurtiefe ta, tb ergibt sich ein mehr oder weniger breiter Grenzbereich B. Da die Farbschichtdicken Da und Db im Grenzbereich B kontinuierlich abnehmen, lässt sich durch geeignete Wahl der Flankenwinkel α eine für das menschliche Auge ohne Hilfsmittel nicht erkennbare Grenzlinie hellen Farbtons erzeugen.FIG. 2 shows a section of a data carrier 10 with a printed image comprising two color areas 12a, 12b in a schematically simplified manner. The data carrier 10 was printed with a printing plate 1, as shown in FIG. 1, by intaglio printing. During the printing process, the data carrier 10 is pressed into the engraving areas 3a, 3b, wherein corresponding depressions 11a, 11b can remain permanently on the underside of the data carrier 17. The upper side of the data carrier 15 has corresponding elevations in the areas 11a, 11b, these elevations being covered by color layers 13a, 13b, which were taken from the upper side of the data carrier 15 from the engraving areas 3a, 3b. The surfaces of the color layers 13a, 13b form the color areas 12a and 12b. The difference in level between the non-printed substrate surface and the surfaces of the respective color areas 12a, 12b is defined as the ink layer thickness D a , D b . In the boundary region B, the ink layer thicknesses D a and D b decrease continuously up to a boundary line which was defined by the upper edge 6 of the separating edge 5 of the printing plate 1. Depending on the choice of the flank angle α and depending on the engraving depth ta, tb, there is a more or less wide border area B. Since the ink layer thicknesses D a and D b decrease continuously in the border area B, a suitable choice of the flank angle α for the human eye to produce a line of light color that is not recognizable without the aid of tools.

Idealerweise reduzieren sich die Farbschichtdicken Da und Db an der Grenzlinie zu einem Farbschichtdickenminimum mit der Dicke 0. Es kann jedoch auch eine geringe Verbindung der Farbflächen 12a, 12b stattfinden, ohne dass allerdings eine feststellbare Farbvermischung auftritt. Die Figur 3 zeigt diesen Fall. Man erkennt, dass an der Grenzlinie 16 eine Verbindung der Farbflächen 12a und 12b stattgefunden hat.Ideally, the ink layer thicknesses D a and D b are reduced at the borderline to an ink layer thickness minimum with a thickness of 0. However, the ink areas 12a, 12b can also be slightly connected without any detectable color mixing occurring. Figure 3 shows this case. It can be seen that a connection of the colored areas 12a and 12b has taken place at the boundary line 16.

Die Farbschichten 13 a und 13b können aus Druckfarben unterschiedlicher Farbe bestehen, da eine Vermischung der Farben unterschiedlicher Gravurbereiche aufgrund der erfindungsgemäßen Gestaltung der Druckplatte praktisch nicht erfolgt. Wird jedoch die gleiche lasierende Druckfarbe für aneinander grenzende Gravurbereiche 3a, 3b mit unterschiedlichen Gravurtiefen ta und tb verwendet, so ergeben sich im Druckbild unterschiedliche Farbtönungen der Farbschichten 13a und 13b.The color layers 13a and 13b can consist of printing inks of different colors, since the colors of different engraving areas are practically not mixed due to the inventive design of the printing plate. However, if the same glazing printing ink is used for adjacent engraving areas 3a, 3b with different engraving depths t a and t b , different color tones of the color layers 13a and 13b result in the printed image.

Die aneinander grenzenden Gravurbereiche können durch linienförmige oder flächenartige Vertiefungen gebildet sein. Die Vertiefungen werden vorzugsweise mit einem rotierenden Stichel graviert, der einen Flankenwinkel entsprechend dem zu erzeugenden Flankenwinkel der Trennkante besitzt. Alternativ kann der Gravierstichel auch entlang Bahnen bewegt werden, die zwei Scharen bilden. Die Kurven oder Geraden einer Schar verlaufen jeweils parallel zueinander und kreuzen die Kurven oder Geraden der zweiten Schar in regelmäßigen Abständen. Dadurch entsteht ein Rauigkeitsgrundmuster in der Art eines Kreuzrasters mit besonders günstigen Farbfangeigenschaften. Vorzugsweise läuft der Stichel spitz zu oder hat eine besondere Kontur, die es erlaubt, auf der Grundfläche der Gravur ein Rauigkeitsgrundmuster zu erzeugen, das als Farbfang dient. Dazu wird der Stichel in regelmäßigen, geringen Abständen parallel zu einer zuvor gravierten Bahn bewegt, so dass die zuvor gravierte Vertiefung um eben diesen Abstand verbreitert wird. Die Gravurtiefe liegt im Bereich von 5 bis 250 µm, vorzugsweise 5 bis 150 µm. The adjacent engraving areas can be linear or area-like depressions. The wells are preferred engraved with a rotating stylus that has a flank angle corresponding to the flank angle of the separating edge to be generated. Alternatively, the engraving stylus can also be moved along paths that form two groups. The curves or straight lines of a share run each parallel to each other and cross the curves or straight lines of the second Coulters at regular intervals. This creates a basic roughness pattern in the manner of a cross grid with particularly favorable color trapping properties. The stylus preferably tapers to a point or has a special one Contour that allows a basic roughness pattern on the base of the engraving to generate, which serves as a color catcher. For this, the prick is in regular, small distances parallel to a previously engraved path moved, so that the previously engraved depression widens by precisely this distance becomes. The engraving depth is in the range from 5 to 250 μm, preferably 5 to 150 µm.

Die bevorzugten Flankenwinkel im Bereich von 30° bis 50° ermöglichen eine längere Standzeit des Gravierwerkzeugs bei gleichzeitig hervorragendem Druckergebnis der gravierten Druckplatte. Werkzeuge mit Flankenwinkeln im Bereich von 30° eignen sich besonders für die Gravur sehr feiner, filigraner und kleinflächiger Strukturen, während für die Gravur großflächiger und gröberer Strukturen Werkzeuge mit Flankenwinkeln von 40° bis 50° vorzuziehen sind.The preferred flank angles in the range from 30 ° to 50 ° allow one longer service life of the engraving tool with excellent Print result of the engraved printing plate. Tools with flank angles in the range of 30 ° are particularly suitable for engraving very fine, filigree and small-area structures, while for engraving large-area and coarser structures Tools with flank angles from 40 ° to 50 ° are preferable.

Ein oder mehrere linienförmige oder flächige Vertiefungen können ein Muster, ein Bildzeichen oder ein Schriftzeichen darstellen. Mehrere aneinander grenzende Vertiefungen können ein regelmäßiges Raster bilden, so dass das erzeugte Druckbild homogen erscheint, wobei das Raster eine Feinstruktur im Druckbild erzeugt, die nur mit vergrößernden Hilfsmitteln erkennbar ist.One or more linear or flat depressions can be a pattern, represent a symbol or a character. Several together bordering depressions can form a regular grid, so that the generated print image appears homogeneous, the grid being a fine structure generated in the print image, which can only be recognized with magnifying aids.

Claims (25)

  1. A data carrier (10) having a printed image produced by intaglio printing and at least one first ink area (12a) with a first ink layer thickness (Da ) and at least one second ink area (12b) with a second ink layer thickness (Db ) adjoining the first ink area (12a), the ink layer thicknesses (Da , Db ) being different, characterized in that the first and second ink areas (12a, 12b) are directly adjacent and separated by a sharp boundary line (16) that is invisible when viewed with the naked eye, and the ink layer thickness of both ink areas (12a, 12b) has a minimum in the area of the boundary line (16).
  2. A data carrier according to claim 1, characterized in that the minimum is at an ink layer thickness of nearly zero.
  3. A data carrier according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the ink areas are of linear or areal form.
  4. A data carrier according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the first ink area (12a) and/or second ink area (12b) represents a pattern, pictorial symbol or character.
  5. A data carrier according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the first and/or second ink area (12a, 12b) has a roughness pattern in the manner of a cross screen.
  6. A printing plate (1) for printing adjacent ink areas (12a, 12b) comprising a printing plate surface (2) and engraved in the printing plate surface (2) at least a first engraved area (3a) with a first engraving depth (ta ) and at least a second engraved area (3b) with a second engraving depth (tb ) adjoining the first engraved area (3a), the engraving depths (ta , tb ) being different, characterized in that a separation edge (5) is disposed between the first and second engraved areas (3a, 3b), its upper edge (6) tapering at the level of the printing plate surface (2).
  7. A printing plate according to claim 6, characterized in that the separation edge (5) has flank angles (α) in the range of 15° to 60°, preferably 30° to 50°, relative to the perpendicular of the printing plate surface (2).
  8. A printing plate according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the first and second engraving depths (ta , tb ) are in the range of 5 to 250 microns.
  9. A printing plate according to claim 8, characterized in that the first and second engraving depths (ta , tb ) are in the range of 5 to 150 microns.
  10. A printing plate according to at least one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the engraved areas are formed by linear or areal depressions.
  11. A printing plate according to at least one of claims 6 to 10, characterized in that the first engraved area (3a) and/or second engraved area (3b) forms a pattern, a pictorial symbol or a character.
  12. A printing plate according to at least one of claims 6 to 11, characterized in that the first and/or second engraved area (3a, 3b) has a base surface (7a, 7b) with a basic roughness pattern.
  13. A printing plate according to claim 12, characterized in that the basic roughness pattern is present in the manner of a cross screen.
  14. An intaglio printing method for printing adjacent ink areas (12a, 12b) of different ink layer thickness (Da , Db ) wherein a printing plate according to any of claims 6 to 13 is used.
  15. A method for producing a printing plate (1) for printing adjacent ink areas (12a, 12b) of different ink layer thickness (Da, Db ) comprising the steps of:
    making available a printing plate (1) with a printing plate surface (2), and
    engraving a first engraved area (3a) with a first engraving depth (ta ) and a second engraved area (3b) with a second engraving depth (tb ) in the printing plate surface (2), characterized in that a separation edge (5) is left standing between the first engraved area (3a) and the second engraved area (3b) that has an upper edge (6) tapering at the level of the printing plate surface (2).
  16. A method for producing a printing plate according to claim 15, characterized in that the engraved areas are formed by linear or areal depressions.
  17. A method according to claim 15, characterized in that the separation edge (5) is produced with flank angles (α) in the range of 15° to 60°, preferably 30° to 50°, relative to the perpendicular of the printing plate surface.
  18. A method according to claim 17, characterized in that an engraving tool with a corresponding flank angle (α) is used for engraving.
  19. A method according to claim 18, characterized in that a tapered rotating graver is used for engraving.
  20. A method according to at least one of claims 15 to 19, characterized in that the engraving depths (ta , tb ) are produced in the range of 5 microns to 250 microns.
  21. A method according to claim 20, characterized in that the engraving depths (ta , tb ) are in the range of 5 microns to 150 microns.
  22. A method according to at least one of claims 15 to 21, characterized in that a base surface (7a, 7b) with a basic roughness pattern is produced in the first engraved area (3a) and/or in the second engraved area (3b).
  23. A method according to claim 22, characterized in that the basic roughness pattern is produced in the manner of a cross screen.
  24. A method according to at least one of claims 15 to 22, characterized in that a plurality of adjacent first engraved areas (3a) and one or more adjacent second engraved areas (3b) are engraved in the printing plate surface (2).
  25. A method according to at least one of claims 15 to 24, characterized in that the first or the one or more first engraved areas (3a) and/or the second or the one or more second engraved areas (3b) are disposed in the form of a pattern, pictorial symbol or character.
EP99948896.8A 1998-10-02 1999-09-29 Gravure process for printing adjacent colour surfaces with various colour coating thicknesses as well as data substrate, printing plate and method of manufacturing a printing plate Expired - Lifetime EP1117537B2 (en)

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DE19845436 1998-10-02
DE19845436.8A DE19845436C5 (en) 1998-10-02 1998-10-02 Intaglio printing method for printing adjacent color areas of different ink layer thickness, data carrier with printed image produced by intaglio printing, printing plate and method for producing a printing plate
PCT/EP1999/007216 WO2000020216A1 (en) 1998-10-02 1999-09-29 Gravure process for printing adjacent colour surfaces with various colour coating thicknesses

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AR020679A1 (en) 2002-05-22
CA2345748C (en) 2005-12-27
ZA200102252B (en) 2002-06-04
DE19845436A1 (en) 2000-04-06
PT1117537E (en) 2003-09-30
DE59905490D1 (en) 2003-06-12
WO2000020216A1 (en) 2000-04-13
DK1117537T3 (en) 2003-08-25
CN1320076A (en) 2001-10-31
CA2345748A1 (en) 2000-04-13
ES2194512T3 (en) 2003-11-16
US20050193909A1 (en) 2005-09-08
EP1117537A1 (en) 2001-07-25
RU2236949C2 (en) 2004-09-27
CN1155471C (en) 2004-06-30
US6928925B1 (en) 2005-08-16
PL190828B1 (en) 2006-02-28
AU6198099A (en) 2000-04-26
AU756205B2 (en) 2003-01-09
EP1117537B2 (en) 2017-12-13
DE19845436C5 (en) 2015-02-26
JP2002526289A (en) 2002-08-20
TR200100925T2 (en) 2001-08-21
UA71583C2 (en) 2004-12-15
ATE239614T1 (en) 2003-05-15
US7028615B2 (en) 2006-04-18
PL347150A1 (en) 2002-03-25
DE19845436B4 (en) 2009-06-10
JP4550282B2 (en) 2010-09-22

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