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EP1112461B1 - Procede pour faire fonctionner un bruleur, et ensemble bruleur correspondant - Google Patents

Procede pour faire fonctionner un bruleur, et ensemble bruleur correspondant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1112461B1
EP1112461B1 EP99968703A EP99968703A EP1112461B1 EP 1112461 B1 EP1112461 B1 EP 1112461B1 EP 99968703 A EP99968703 A EP 99968703A EP 99968703 A EP99968703 A EP 99968703A EP 1112461 B1 EP1112461 B1 EP 1112461B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel
burner
opening
degree
calculation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99968703A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1112461A1 (fr
Inventor
Eberhard Deuker
Gilbert Braun
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG, Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP1112461A1 publication Critical patent/EP1112461A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1112461B1 publication Critical patent/EP1112461B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/10—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour
    • F23D11/16—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour in which an emulsion of water and fuel is sprayed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D17/00—Burners for combustion simultaneously or alternately of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel
    • F23D17/002—Burners for combustion simultaneously or alternately of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel gaseous or liquid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K5/00—Feeding or distributing other fuel to combustion apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/002—Regulating fuel supply using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/02—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2221/00—Pretreatment or prehandling
    • F23N2221/10—Analysing fuel properties, e.g. density, calorific
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2225/00—Measuring
    • F23N2225/04—Measuring pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2235/00—Valves, nozzles or pumps
    • F23N2235/12—Fuel valves
    • F23N2235/16—Fuel valves variable flow or proportional valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2237/00—Controlling
    • F23N2237/08—Controlling two or more different types of fuel simultaneously
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2237/00—Controlling
    • F23N2237/22—Controlling water injection

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating a burner, which a fuel quantity of a fuel over a Fuel supply line is supplied, the amount of fuel on the degree of opening of an actuator depending on a preset power of the burner is set.
  • the invention also relates to a corresponding burner arrangement. Such a method and such an arrangement are out Document US-A-4,716,719 already known.
  • actuators for setting a mass flow of a medium depend on the density and the speed cause a drop in pressure in the medium.
  • K V is related to the maximum value k VS when the valve is fully open.
  • the value k VS V 0 ⁇ p V 0 ⁇ / ( ⁇ p V ⁇ 0 ) with the maximum flow V ⁇ 0 z. B. specified by the valve manufacturer.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method of operation of a burner with a pre-selected output related supply of fuel. Another object of the invention is the specification of a corresponding burner arrangement.
  • the object is directed to a method solved by a method for operating a burner, the a fuel amount of a fuel via a fuel supply line is supplied, the amount of fuel over the degree of opening of an actuator depending on a selected one Power of the burner is set and where the Degree of opening determined based on this performance and immediately is set.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that one, usually carried out, iterative regulation of the supplied Amount of fuel depending on the preselected output too sluggish compared to suddenly changed operational conditions is. With such an iterative regulation, the Degree of opening gradually regulated so that the preselected Performance.
  • the requested service e.g. through a generally very complex mechanical system directly converted into a manipulated variable, by which the degree of opening is determined.
  • the degree of opening is determined.
  • such Systems usually results in a very limited Variability in response to changes Boundary conditions, because an implementation of the preselected Performance in the opening degree only with a preset, established mechanism takes place.
  • a burner for a gas turbine comes as the burner in question, but the invention is also e.g. for an internal combustion engine suitable for a vehicle.
  • Fuel for the burner can e.g. B. be: petroleum, natural gas, diesel, gasoline or kerosene.
  • the degree of opening is first in the invention calculated based on the selected power and then immediately set.
  • This has the advantage that there is no iterative Regulation must be carried out. So there is a significant faster system response. So the system is very responsive much faster e.g. to external faults such as pump switching.
  • the current Operating conditions better and more flexibly can, as the degree of opening adapts to the respective operating conditions is calculated. For example, are changes in the Temperature, density or type of fuel or an am Burner location variable pressure in a simple way for the Regulation of the amount of fuel to be supplied can be used. Compared to control systems with a direct, mechanical implementation results from the preselected power in the degree of opening a significantly increased flexibility with regard to changed boundary conditions.
  • the calorific value of the fuel is preferably determined and used to calculate the degree of opening.
  • preferred dimensions becomes a mixture of at least two as fuel Fabrics used.
  • To determine the amount of fuel required the calorific value of the fuel is used because this also determines a power release from the combustion.
  • Such a determination of the calorific value is particularly important then an advantage if a fuel mixture is used possibly even with a time-variable composition.
  • An oil-water mixture is preferably used as fuel used, the energy consumption for one Evaporation of the water determined during combustion and for Calculation of the degree of opening is used.
  • Such Oil-water emulsion or dispersion is used to reduce Nitric oxide emissions used. By adding water the average combustion temperature is reduced. By the evaporation of the water becomes part of the energy of the Fuel consumes and therefore does not contribute to the desired Performance at.
  • the density of the fuel is preferably determined and Calculation of the degree of opening used.
  • About the density of fuel is the mass flow of fuel through determines the fuel supply line. Especially when used of a fuel mixture is the determination of the density of fuel is an advantage.
  • a pressure loss in the fuel supply line is preferred determined and to calculate the degree of opening used. Such a loss of pressure causes the mass flow of fuel through the fuel supply line co-determined, so that this pressure loss advantageously is taken into account when calculating the degree of opening.
  • the burner preferably opens into a combustion chamber in which Combustion chamber pressure prevails, the combustion chamber pressure being measured and is used to calculate the degree of opening.
  • the pressure in the combustion chamber affects the amount of in fuel entering the combustion chamber.
  • a flow comparison value is preferably determined for the actuator, in which a fuel mass flow through the actuator results under the prevailing pressure conditions, which leads to selected burner output, the degree of opening being determined by means of a known relationship between the flow comparison value and the degree of opening.
  • a flow comparison value is the k V value given from the cited paperback for mechanical engineering.
  • the burner is preferred for optional operation with designed at least two different fuels.
  • preferred dimensions is the burner both as a diffusion burner can also be operated as a premix burner.
  • the Burner designed for operation in a gas turbine, in particular for operation in a stationary gas turbine.
  • Such a burner is e.g. both with petroleum and with Natural gas can be operated.
  • It preferably has a central pilot burner which works as a diffusion burner, i.e. it there is no premixing of combustion air and fuel.
  • the central pilot burner is from a main burner surround that works as a premix burner, i.e. combustion air and fuel are mixed first and then incinerated.
  • the diffusion burner preferably has a flow / return nozzle, i.e.
  • the fuel especially petroleum
  • the remaining one Part of the fuel is returned via a return line returned to a fuel collection container.
  • the fed and the amount of fuel returned are each adjustable by its own actuator.
  • the regulation the amount of fuel supplied is for such a system very complex. Flexible adjustment of the degree of opening depends on the respective operating conditions special advantage.
  • a burner arrangement with a burner, which a fuel amount of a fuel via a fuel supply line can be supplied, the amount of fuel depending on the degree of opening of an actuator selected power of the burner is adjustable, with a control device is connected to the actuator, in which Control unit the degree of opening depending on the power, the type of fuel and a pressure drop in the Fuel supply line can be determined and a corresponding signal is so transferable to the actuator that this degree of opening is set.
  • the invention is based on the drawing in one embodiment explained in more detail.
  • the only figure shows schematically and not to scale a burner 1, which in a Gas turbine 2 is arranged.
  • the gas turbine 2 points one behind the other switched a compressor 4, a combustion chamber 6 and a turbine 8.
  • the burner 1 has a central one Diffusion burner 3 and the diffusion burner 3 in the form of an annular channel surrounding premix burner 5.
  • the diffusion burner 3 comprises a flow channel 7 and a return line 9.
  • the diffusion burner 3 opens out with a nozzle opening 11 into the combustion chamber 6.
  • the premix burner 5 is connected via a Flow path 13 from the compressor 4 compressor air supplied. Compressor air is also, not shown here, fed to the diffusion burner 3.
  • To the premix burner 5 leads a fuel supply line 15a.
  • the diffusion burner 3 guides a fuel supply line 15b. On The return line 9 is closed by a fuel return line 17 on.
  • An actuator 19a is in the fuel supply line 15a and an actuator 19b into the fuel supply line 15b built-in. With the pistons 20a, 20b, a respective one is clearly shown Degree of opening O shown for the actuators 19a, 19b.
  • An actuator 21 is in the fuel return line 17 built-in. It is also an opening degree with a piston 22 O illustrates for actuator 21.
  • the actuator 19a is via a line 23a, the actuator 19b via a Line 23b and the actuator 21 via a line 25 with a control device 27 connected. In this control device 27 continues to lead a line 28 through which a desired Power L is entered for the gas turbine 2.
  • the control device 27 is also connected via a line 29 connected to a pressure sensor 31 which is in the combustion chamber 6 is arranged.
  • the fuel supply lines 15a and 15b are connected to a pump 39. Before the pump is 39 a mixer 37 switched.
  • the mixer 37 is with a water tank 35 and an oil tank 33 connected. In the oil tank 33 The fuel return line 17 continues to open.
  • a negative calorific value HW H for the water H takes into account the energy consumption for the evaporation of the water H.
  • the desired degree of opening O is finally determined from the known relationship between the k V value and degree of opening O.
  • the respective degrees of opening O in the actuators 19a, 19b are set via signals SA, SB.
  • a signal SC for the actuator 21 in the return line 17 takes place in the same way as the calculation of the signals SA and SB.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Procédé pour faire fonctionner un brûleur (1) auquel on envoie une certaine quantité d'un combustible (BH) par un conduit (15) d'apport de combustible, la quantité de combustible étant réglée par le degré (O) d'ouverture d'un élément (19) de réglage en fonction de la puissance (L) choisie du brûleur (1),
    caractérisé en ce que l'on détermine la valeur calorifique du combustible (BH) et en ce que l'on calcule le degré (O) d'ouverture au moyen de la puissance (L) choisie et au moyen de la valeur calorifique du combustible (BH) et on le règle directement.
  2. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise comme combustible (BH) un mélange d'au moins deux substances (B, H).
  3. Procédé suivant la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise comme combustible (BH) un mélange d'huile et d'eau et l'on détermine la consommation d'énergie pour une évaporation de l'eau (H) lors de la combustion et on en tire partie pour le calcul du degré (O) d'ouverture.
  4. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications précédentes dans lequel on détermine la masse volumique du combustible (BH) et on en tire partie pour calculer le degré (O) d'ouverture.
  5. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'on détermine une perte de charge (Δp) dans le conduit (15) d'apport de combustible et on en tire partie pour le calcul du degré (O) d'ouverture.
  6. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le brûleur (1) débouche dans une chambre (6) de combustion dans laquelle règne une pression (pB) de chambre de combustion dans lequel on mesure la pression (pB) dans la chambre de combustion et on en tire partie pour le calcul du degré (O) d'ouverture.
  7. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'on détermine pour l'élément (19) de réglage une valeur (Kv) de comparaison de débit pour laquelle on obtient dans les conditions de pression qui règnent un courant massique de combustible dans l'élément de réglage qui donne la puissance (L) choisie du brûleur (1), en tirant partie de la valeur (Kv) de comparaison de débit pour le calcul du degré (O) d'ouverture.
  8. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'on conçoit le brûleur (1) pour un fonctionnement au choix avec au moins deux combustibles (BH, G) différents.
  9. Procédé suivant la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que l'on fait fonctionner le brûleur (1) tant en brûleur (3) à diffusion qu'en brûleur (5) à pré-mélange.
  10. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'on conçoit le brûleur (1) pour un fonctionnement dans une turbine (2) à gaz, notamment dans une turbine (2) à gaz qui est fixe.
  11. Dispositif à brûleur comprenant un brûleur (1) auquel peut être envoyée une certaine quantité d'un combustible (BH) par un conduit (15) d'apport de combustible, la quantité de combustible pouvant être réglée par le degré (O) d'ouverture d'un élément (9) de réglage en fonction d'une puissance (L) choisie du brûleur (1),
    caractérisé en ce que l'élément (19) de réglage est relié à un dispositif (27) de commande, dans lequel (27) peut être effectué un calcul du degré (O) d'ouverture en fonction de la puissance (L) choisie en fonction de la valeur calorifique du combustible, un signal (S) de réglage du degré (O) d'ouverture pouvant être transmis de l'unité (27) de commande à l'élément (19) de réglage, grâce à quoi le degré d'ouverture de l'élément de réglage est réglé directement en fonction de la puissance choisie et de la valeur calorifique du combustible.
EP99968703A 1998-09-10 1999-08-31 Procede pour faire fonctionner un bruleur, et ensemble bruleur correspondant Expired - Lifetime EP1112461B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19841424 1998-09-10
DE19841424 1998-09-10
PCT/DE1999/002713 WO2000014451A1 (fr) 1998-09-10 1999-08-31 Procede pour faire fonctionner un bruleur, et ensemble bruleur correspondant

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1112461A1 EP1112461A1 (fr) 2001-07-04
EP1112461B1 true EP1112461B1 (fr) 2004-04-14

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99968703A Expired - Lifetime EP1112461B1 (fr) 1998-09-10 1999-08-31 Procede pour faire fonctionner un bruleur, et ensemble bruleur correspondant

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US6490867B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1112461B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4331406B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE59909192D1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2000014451A1 (fr)

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DE102009026881A1 (de) 2009-06-10 2010-12-16 Air-Lng Gmbh Antrieb für eine Turbine nebst Antriebsverfahren

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EP1524423A1 (fr) * 2003-10-13 2005-04-20 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et dispositif pour niveler la fluctuation de la composition du carburant dans une turbine à gaz
AU2005201746B2 (en) * 2004-10-12 2010-09-30 Lg Electronics Inc. Gas burner and method for controlling the same
US7640725B2 (en) * 2006-01-12 2010-01-05 Siemens Energy, Inc. Pilot fuel flow tuning for gas turbine combustors
US8001761B2 (en) * 2006-05-23 2011-08-23 General Electric Company Method and apparatus for actively controlling fuel flow to a mixer assembly of a gas turbine engine combustor
US7854110B2 (en) * 2006-11-16 2010-12-21 Siemens Energy, Inc. Integrated fuel gas characterization system
US7950216B2 (en) * 2007-01-30 2011-05-31 Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. Gas turbine engine fuel control system
US20090025396A1 (en) * 2007-07-24 2009-01-29 General Electric Company Parallel turbine fuel control valves
US7628062B2 (en) * 2007-09-06 2009-12-08 General Electric Company Method and system to determine composition of fuel entering combustor
US7966802B2 (en) * 2008-02-05 2011-06-28 General Electric Company Methods and apparatus for operating gas turbine engine systems
JP4979615B2 (ja) * 2008-03-05 2012-07-18 株式会社日立製作所 燃焼器及び燃焼器の燃料供給方法
ITMI20090153A1 (it) * 2009-02-06 2010-08-07 Ansaldo Energia Spa Dispositivo e metodo per regolare l'alimentazione di gas ad una camera di combustione e impianto a turbina a gas comprendente tale dispositivo
DE102009010611A1 (de) * 2009-02-25 2010-08-26 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Steuerung einer mit mehreren Brennern ausgestatteten Turbine für flüssige oder gasförmige Brennstoffe
US8356484B2 (en) * 2009-05-01 2013-01-22 General Electric Company Hybrid Wobbe control during rapid response startup
WO2011113400A1 (fr) * 2010-03-19 2011-09-22 Technische Universität Berlin Procédé et système de réglage ou de commande du comportement en service d'une installation d'incinération à turbine à gaz
EP2434221A1 (fr) * 2010-09-22 2012-03-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et agencement pour injecter une émulsion dans une flamme
CH705965A1 (de) * 2012-01-09 2013-07-15 Alstom Technology Ltd Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Gasturbine.
EP2738374A1 (fr) 2012-12-03 2014-06-04 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et agencement permettant de réguler l'alimentation en carburant pour une turbine à gaz
RU2518759C1 (ru) * 2013-01-23 2014-06-10 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Энерго Эстейт" Газомазутная горелка
US10371048B2 (en) * 2016-02-22 2019-08-06 Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems, Ltd. Combustor and gas turbine
JP7568478B2 (ja) * 2020-10-29 2024-10-16 三菱重工業株式会社 燃料ガスの組成分析装置及び組成分析方法、並びに、この組成分析装置を備える原動機制御装置及びこの組成分析方法を含む原動機制御方法
DE102022102753A1 (de) 2022-02-07 2023-08-10 Vaillant Gmbh Verfahren zur Inbetriebnahme eines Heizgerätes, Computerprogramm, Regel- und Steuergerät, Heizgerät und Verwendung einer Drosseleinrichtung

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009026881A1 (de) 2009-06-10 2010-12-16 Air-Lng Gmbh Antrieb für eine Turbine nebst Antriebsverfahren

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20010023578A1 (en) 2001-09-27
US6490867B2 (en) 2002-12-10
JP4331406B2 (ja) 2009-09-16
EP1112461A1 (fr) 2001-07-04
WO2000014451A1 (fr) 2000-03-16
JP2002524715A (ja) 2002-08-06
DE59909192D1 (de) 2004-05-19

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