EP1192095B1 - Interchangeable container for cereals - Google Patents

Description

Technical area

The invention relates to swap bodies for the transport of grain in the sense of a combined Transport means with standard dimensions, which for the transport of Cereals and other agricultural grain products is suitable. Of the inventive swap body can on all railway and Road vehicles that are suitable for transporting containers, unlimited transported and metered from these on any page be emptied.

State of the art

In the field of railway and road transport, the number the previously developed container for grain transport is considered minimal become.

The most common type of container is the tilting container as it appears, for example from GB 2 207 418 A. Usually, the loading takes place via a roof opening located on the roof, while the Emptying after lifting by means of a special device on one at the an end wall arranged emptying door is done.

• Zum Entleeren ist eine Hebevorrichtung erforderlich.
• Er ist vom Eisenbahnwagen aus nicht entleerbar.
• Ein mehrfaches Bewegen, gegebenenfalls Umladen ist erforderlich.

Disadvantages of this type of container.

• To empty a lifting device is required.
• He can not be emptied from the railway carriage.
• Repeated movements, reloading if necessary is required.

In addition, a swap body is known which is designed technically with respect to the emptying system according to FR 783 866 A, wherein in its interior is formed a saddle and emptying by gravity he follows.

• Er wird gleichzeitig auf beide Seiten entleert.
• Die Regelung der Entleerung ist schwerfällig.
• Seine Handhabung ist nicht sicher, unfallgefährlich.

Its disadvantages:

• He is simultaneously emptied on both sides.
• The regulation of emptying is cumbersome.
• Its handling is not safe, accident-prone.

There is also a swap body, which towards the center through Gravity is emptied.

• Zum Transport wird ein spezieller Eisenbahnwaggon beansprucht und nur von diesem kann die Entleerung erfolgen.
• Seine Entleerung kann nur an einer speziellen (dafür geeigneten) Annahmestelle erfolgen.
• Mehrinvestitionen werden beansprucht.

Its disadvantages:

• For transport, a special railroad car is claimed and only from this emptying can take place.
• It can only be emptied at a special (suitable) collection point.
• More investments are claimed.

FR 2 613 701 A discloses a further developed with regard to these disadvantages Emptying system based on a butte with central outlet, which is provided with a convertible by twisting on two sides trough.

The least common container is by vacuum emptying containers. This is actually a standard container, to whose one end wall is formed an opening through which the device connected to the container.

• Er beansprucht eine spezielle Entleervorrichtung.
• Er ist nicht vom Eisenbahnwaggon entleerbar.
• Er beansprucht Mehrarbeitskraft.

Its disadvantages:

• He claims a special emptying device.
• He is not emptied from the railroad car.
• He claims extra workforce.

From US 4,138,163 A and US 5,647,514 A are also on Butten-based containers for pneumatic emptying known wherein US 5,647,514 A a swap body according to the preamble of claim 1 discloses.

The essence of the invention

The problem to be solved by the invention is the emptying of cereals or other comestibles, granular substances, granules metered manner directly from the transporting railway or Road vehicle to allow any page.

The above object has been achieved with the formation of the invention Interchangeable container dissolved in the interior of the interchangeable container two Chambers, fans or butts are formed, from which the grain over a horizontally arranged emptying sliding door on the desired side can be emptied by gravity. In addition, the secures Emptying mechanism also a constant metering of the outflowing Grain.

The swap body according to the invention for the transport of grain has a base frame, two side walls, two end walls and a roof, which together form a container-like device and on it are the Corresponding corner elements arranged with the help of these to the Transport vehicle can be coupled and lifted with a crane can be. Furthermore, there is a roof door for loading on the roof trained and around the roof door around a tread is arranged. For the purpose of the invention are in the interior of the interchangeable container two butts formed whose bottom with a sloping towards the center conical surface is formed and in the bottom of the two butts in the middle is ever one Outlet opening formed, to which a the outlet opening in the middle position is associated with the final sliding door, the sliding door to the longitudinal direction of the interchangeable container is designed to be displaceable in the lateral direction and on it an actuator adapted to move the sliding door relative to Middle position is suitable in both directions, connected and connected to the lateral edges of the sliding door obliquely outwards and downwards Guide plates are connected, further under the outlet opening symmetrically formed guide troughs are arranged, wherein the outlet opening the guide troughs on the opposite sides of the swap body is arranged.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention Interchangeable container containing the actuator one on the sliding door attached and to the longitudinal direction of the swap body in the transverse direction, in essentially in a horizontal position attached thereto rack, wherein the Rack is connected via a gear and gear with a drive shaft. In the case of such an embodiment, it is advantageous if the Drive shaft to the longitudinal direction of the interchangeable container in the transverse direction and in horizontal position and one at each of its ends, on the sides of the Interchangeable arranged hand wheel is arranged, which from the side the mounted on the vehicle swap body accessible and operable is.

It is also advantageous if the handwheel in a middle position of Sliding door lockable latch is associated with the handwheel in this Central position. In this case, the outlet opening is closed and the Also offers the opportunity to check if the cargo is in the unbroken Condition is when the latch is provided with a seal.

The swap body according to the invention is preferably with a trained such resilience and dimensions that he the symmetrical swap bodies technical conditions of the Decision No. UIC 592-4. Furthermore, he is perfect other standard test requirements and regulations, eg. B. those of the technical committee CEN / TC 119 entitled "Swap body" whose secretariat has been drawn up by the Standardization Commission for Vehicles (FAKRA) of the German Standards Institute (DIN).

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1

die Seitenansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Wechselbehälters,

Fig. 2

eine teilweise ausgeschnittene Draufsicht des Wechselbehälters nach Fig. 1,

Fig. 3

einen Schnitt durch den Wechselbehälter nach Fig. 1 entlang der Linie III-III, und

Fig. 4

ein kinematisches Schema des Entleerungsmechanismus des Wechselbehälters nach Fig. 1.

The invention and its further features and advantageous properties will be explained in more detail below with reference to an embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawing show:

Fig. 1

the side view of a swap body according to the invention,

Fig. 2

a partially cutaway plan view of the interchangeable container of FIG. 1,

Fig. 3

a section through the interchangeable container of FIG. 1 along the line III-III, and

Fig. 4

a kinematic scheme of the emptying mechanism of the interchangeable container of FIG. 1.

Description of the preferred embodiment of the invention

The swap body shown in the attached drawings includes Underframe 1, two side walls 2, two end walls 3 and a roof 5 on, which together form a container-like device and accordingly is provided with standard corner elements 4, by means of which this can be connected to a transport vehicle and the lifting with the help of a crane. On the roof 5 are two doors that the Allow loading, trained around which treads 7 for Supporting the work during loading are arranged. By doing Interior of the swap body are formed two butts 14 whose bottom is formed with a conical surface, which surfaces fall off towards the middle. At the bottom of the two butts 14 in the middle is in each case an outlet opening. 8 formed, which is associated with a sliding door 9. The sliding door 9 is in Direction of the indicated in Fig. 3 arrow slidably. At the side Edges of the sliding door 9 down guide plates 13 are formed. Under the outlet opening 8 are symmetrically arranged guide troughs 12, Slides whose outlet opening is on the sides of the swap body located.

The swap container according to the invention is when loading on the the roof 5 trained doors 6 filled while the sliding door 9 in Middle position the outlet opening 8 of the butt 14 of the interchangeable container completes.

When unloading the sliding door located under the outlet opening 8 9th from the center position in the lateral direction (in one of the directions indicated by the in Fig. 3 indicated, shown in two directions arrow) are moved.

From the butte 14, the grain passes after opening the sliding door. 9 of the guide plates 13 provided with the horizontally arranged discharge mechanism by gravity to the guide troughs 12 and from there into Free, to the arbitrarily selected on unloading page.

The sliding door 9 is associated with an actuating device 22. The Actuator 22 may be implemented in various ways. In Fig. 4 is shown a manually operable variant. In the case of this variant are arranged on the bottom of the sliding door 9 racks 18, which in Relationship to the swap body in the transverse direction. The racks are with gears 17, which are arranged on an actuating shaft 21, engaged. The actuating shaft 21 is in relation to the swap body in essentially in the longitudinal direction and is via a propeller shaft 16 at the output a transmission 15 connected. At the entrance of the transmission 15 is over a drive shaft 20 in the present case as a handwheel 10 executed Drive device connected. In Fig. 4, the drive shaft 20 of the for better understanding in a 90 ° to the actual position shown twisted position, in reality, the drive shaft 20 to the direction the racks 18 directed substantially parallel. The handwheel 10 is a Bar associated with 11, which for example with the help of any Locking device can be locked. Instead of the handwheel 10 or In addition to this can also be a pneumatic or electric Drive device can be used, the transmission ratio of the Transmission 15 is to be selected in a corresponding manner. The transmission 15 can e.g. be executed as bevel gear, or worm gear.

The emptying mechanism of the swap body for the transport of Grain allows easy-to-use metered emptying through Change the cross section of the outlet opening 8 by moving the sliding door 9 in the horizontal direction via the handwheel shaft 20, the transmission 15, the Propshaft 16 and the gear 17 - rack 18 - transmission. The Handwheel shaft 20 and the sliding door shaft 21 are the better operability half arranged on bearings 19.

This is the emptying mechanism of the swap body for the Transport of grain-actuating hand wheel 10 is rotatable only in the case when the bolt 11 - which has a neutral position in the middle position - in advance has been unlocked. While closing the sliding door locks the When the neutral center position is reached, the handwheel automatically locks.

The most important advantage of the interchangeable container according to the invention in that it depends on the transported grain or other agricultural Grain products in a metered manner on any page emptied directly from the railway car or road vehicle can be.

Another advantage of the swap body is that he to do so suitable is the cereal in a uniform system from the location of the mowing threshing to transport to the place of application. He is the same way like the containers stackable and therefore its storage is economical. With its help can be a very short, maximum of 8-10 minutes claiming Emptying time can be achieved, i. the discharge technology is in one shortened extraordinary degree.

The simple structure of the solution, according to their maintenance and Entertainment costs very low.

With reference to the above, the swap body according to the invention is free, unhindered, without any restriction in all European railway and National networks usable.

Claims (4)

1. A swap body for the transport of grain, which has a support frame (1), two side walls (2), two end walls (3) and a top (5), which together constitute a container-like device and standard corner elements (4) are disposed on it, with the aid of which the device can be connected to a transport vehicle and lifted by means of a crane, whereby formed on the top (5) there is a top door (6) which enables loading and disposed around the top door (6) there is a bearing surface (7) and also formed in its interior are two tanks (14), the bases of which are constructed with a conical surface sloping towards the centre and formed in the middle of the base of the two tanks (14) there is a respective discharge opening (8), characterised in that associated with each discharge opening there is a sliding door (9) which closes it in the central position, the sliding door (9) being constructed to be slidable in the lateral direction with respect to the longitudinal direction of the swap body and connected to it there is an actuating device (22), which is adapted to move the sliding door (9) in both directions with respect to the central position and that further adjoining the lateral edges of the sliding door (9) are guide plates (13) extending obliquely outwardly and downwardly and also arranged beneath the discharge opening (8) are symmetrically formed guide chutes (12), the discharge openings of the guide chutes (12) being arranged on opposite sides of the swap body.
2. A swap body for the transport of grain as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the actuating device (22) includes a toothed rack (18), which is connected to the sliding door (9) and, with respect to the longitudinal direction of the swap body, is connected thereto in the transverse direction in a substantially horizontal position, whereby the toothed rack (18) is in engagement with a driveshaft (20) via a pinion wheel (17) and gearing (15).
3. A swap body for the transport of grain as claimed in Claim 2, characterised in that the driveshaft (20) extends in the transverse direction with respect to the longitudinal direction of the swap body and in a horizontal position and attached to its two ends is a respective hand wheel (10) arranged on the sides of the swap body.
4. A swap body for the transport of grain as claimed in Claim 3, characterised in that associated with the hand wheel (10) is a lock (11), which may be closed in the central position of the sliding door (9) and which secures the hand wheel (10) in this central position.

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