EP1191282A1 - Cooled grate bar - Google Patents

Abstract

The cooled grate blocks are arranged one above the other in stepped form and have a block body manufactured as a cast part with an upper wall forming a bearing surface (24) for the waste to be treated, and front wall. Both walls at their abutment point are thickened in such a way to produce a wall transition (26) filling out the corner region between the walls and with a flat inner face bounding the cooling space (55) in the uppermost area. An Independent claim is included for a grate with cooled grate blocks.

Description

The invention relates to a cooled grate block according to the preamble of claim 1.

A grate block of this type is, for example, in EP-B-0 713 056. This grate block has one Block body from a U-shaped cross-section, the upper wall a support surface for the person to be treated Forms waste. One below the contact surface arranged, to a water supply line and a Water drainage line is connected through the cold room top wall and a front wall of the block body limited, which together form a corner room. It exists the danger that this in the uppermost area of the Cold room existing corner air or steam bubbles form, through which the cooling just in the thermal particularly heavily used part of the block body is affected. To take this problem into account and the formation of the so-called dead zones too Avoid is a special arrangement of the in the cold room ending water supply or water discharge lines provided by which an optimal, the formation of Air flow counteracting cooling flow aimed becomes. The inlet openings of the water drainage pipe are arranged in the upper corner room, the outlet openings the water supply line are in the area of a the front wall of the adjacent block body foot.

The present invention is based on the object to create a grate block of the type mentioned at the beginning, with simple cooling impairing formation of air or vapor bubbles in the top area of the refrigerator is avoided.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by a cooled Rust block with the features of claim 1 solved.

Due to the inventive design of the Block body with the top and front walls attached their collision are so thickened that one Filling the corner space between the two walls Wall transition arises, the inside surface of which is the refrigerator compartment its uppermost area is limited in a simple manner the danger of insufficient cooling - caused by Largely formation of insulating air or vapor bubbles eliminated. In contrast to Grate block according to EP-B-0 713 056 all in the cold room housed water pipes in a common level be arranged, what manufacturing and assembly Brings advantages.

Preferred further developments of the invention Rust block form the subject of the dependent Expectations.

The invention will now be described with reference to the drawing explained.

Fig. 1

ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines Rostelementes als Teil eines Rostes nach dem Stand der Technik;

Fig. 2

ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemässen Rostblockes von unten in Pfeilrichtung P nach Fig. 1 gesehen;

Fig. 3

im vergrösserten Massstab einen Schnitt nach Linie III-III in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4

einen Teil eines Blockkörpers in Unteransicht;

Fig. 5

einen Schnitt nach Linie V-V in Fig. 4;

Fig. 6

einen Schnitt nach Linie VI-VI in Fig. 5;

Fig. 7

einen Schnitt nach Linie VII-VII in Fig. 5;

Fig. 8

einen Schnitt nach Linie VIII-VIII in Fig. 4;

Fig. 9

einen Teil einer Blockkörperwand in Pfeilrichtung H nach Fig. 8 gesehen; und

Fig. 10

einen Schnitt nach Linie X-X in Fig. 4.

Show it:

Fig. 1

an embodiment of a grate element as part of a grate according to the prior art;

Fig. 2

an embodiment of a grate block according to the invention seen from below in the direction of arrow P of FIG. 1;

Fig. 3

on an enlarged scale a section along line III-III in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4

part of a block body in bottom view;

Fig. 5

a section along line VV in Fig. 4;

Fig. 6

a section along line VI-VI in Fig. 5;

Fig. 7

a section along line VII-VII in Fig. 5;

Fig. 8

a section along line VIII-VIII in Fig. 4;

Fig. 9

seen a part of a block body wall in the direction of arrow H of FIG. 8; and

Fig. 10

a section along line XX in Fig. 4th

Fig. 1 shows a grate element 3 known per se as part a grate for a thermal treatment plant of waste. An inclined grating track settles in length composed of several grate elements 3. Usually will three to five grate elements 3 arranged one behind the other. It can be arranged side by side several grate tracks and together determine the grate width; usually one to four grate tracks are used.

Each grate element 3 has several, possibly eight rows of grate blocks 4 arranged one behind the other in steps, 5, with a fixed grate block row 4 each movable grate block row 5 follows. In every row of grate blocks 4, 5 several grate blocks 6 'are arranged side by side. Are instead of the air-cooled shown in Fig. 1 Grate blocks 6 'water-cooled, further below using the Fig. 2 and 3 described grate blocks 6 are used, so in generally three to four such grate blocks 6 a block holder tube 7 hooked and fixed together connected, preferably screwed (for air-cooled Rust blocks 6 'is a much larger number in the Rule 16 to 24 grate blocks 6 'per grate block row 4 or 5 necessary). On the outermost grate block, each solid A side plate 15 is screwed onto the grate block row 4.

Each grate block 6 'has a support surface 24' the waste to be treated comes to rest and along which it is transported (the contact surfaces are 24 ' at an angle of about 18 ° to the horizontal plane ) Are arranged. Furthermore, each grate block 6 'with one front wall 23 'and one with the front wall 23 'connected foot 30' with which he on the Contact surface 24 'of the downstream grate block 6' rests.

While the block holder tubes 7 of the fixed grate block rows 4 are attached to fixed brackets 8, the Block holder tubes 7 of the movable grate block rows 5 Brackets 9 attached to a movable grate 10th assigned. The grate 10 is by means of two hydraulic cylinder 11 arranged in parallel and driven thereby on rollers 12 on treads 13 back and forth emotional. The moving rows of grate blocks are also used 5 moves, which has a shear and scissor effect on the Exercise waste material located on the rust track, so that always new waste surfaces of the thermal Be exposed to treatment in the furnace simultaneous forward conveyance of the waste material.

An exemplary embodiment of a water-cooled grate blocks 6 according to the invention 2 to 10 described for one in above described constructed grid, possibly one Combustion grate is provided.

The grate block 6 comprises one as a casting manufactured block body 20 of a substantially U-shaped Cross section of a rear wall 21, an upper Wall 22 and a front wall 23 has. The rear one Wall 21 is equipped with two hooks 25, with which the grate block 6 onto the block pipe 7 known from FIG. 1 is hooked in. The outer surface of the top wall 22 forms the already mentioned bearing surface 24 for the treating waste.

The top wall 22 and the front wall 23 are on theirs Collision thickened so that the corner room filling between these two walls 22, 23 Wall transition 26 is formed (cf. in particular FIGS. 3, 5 and 10). This has an inner surface 27 and one Outside surface 28 on, the two towards the front Wall 23 runs obliquely downwards. The front wall 23 is connected to the already mentioned foot 30, which is is determined on the bearing surface 24 of a subsequent one To rest grate block 6 relatively displaceable.

The block body 20 also has one on the foot 30 Adjoining wall, directed diagonally into the interior of the block 31 on over several across the grate block width evenly distributed nozzles 32 with the wall transition 26 and is connected to the front wall 23. The weird arranged nozzles 32 are provided with openings 33 which in the area of the front wall 23 an angled Have outlet part 34 (see FIG. 5). Through the Openings 33 are opened from below in the direction of arrow L according to FIG. 3 for example air as one for the combustion of the Waste necessary oxidizer supplied. (At a In contrast to one, pyrolysis rust is eliminated Combustion grate the nozzles 32 or the air openings 33, as no air is passed through the grate).

The block body 20 has two side walls 37, which with one screw hole 38 each for connection, preferably Screw the adjacent grate blocks 6 one Row of grate blocks are provided. They are also Side walls 37 equipped with tabs 39, through which the outermost grate blocks of each fixed grate block row 4 connected to the already mentioned side plates 15, can preferably be screwed.

The top wall 22 is on its inside with two itself stiffeners 43 extending across the grate block width, 44 provided. At the rear stiffener 44 is one Heel area 45 made. Even those on foot 30 adjacent wall 31 has a heel surface 46 fitted. The two heel surfaces 45, 46 are used for Supporting a floor 50 (Fig. 2 and 3) on the Stiffening 44, on the wall 31 and on the two Side walls 37 is welded. The bottom 50 has a lower one, at an angle to the longitudinal direction of the grate block 6 extending part 51 rising upwards at the front and a part 52 forming a rear wall. The two bottom parts 51, 52 are over a rounded part 53 connected to each other. Through the front, in Seen in the longitudinal direction in front of the stiffener 44 Part of the block body 20 and through the bottom 50 is a Cold room 55 sealed.

According to FIGS. 2 and 3, there is one in the cooling space 55 Arrangement 60 of water supply lines 57, 58, 59 and Water drainage pipes 61, 62, 63, which are used as piping or as a fixed block of interconnected, preferably welded steel pipes is formed in a common, along the inclined bottom portion 51 extending plane are arranged. The water supply takes place in the direction of arrow Z according to FIG. 2 over a sealingly protruding the rear bottom part 52 Main water supply line 57 held in one as one Water supply cross line 58 formed as a type of container empties. This container may have one semicircular cross-section (see. Fig. 3). Of this Water supply cross line 58 may branch two Water supply branch lines 59, which extend to Extend wall transition 26 and with it with one Exit opening 59 'provided in each end rib-like recess 35 of the wall transition 26 or in an upper, round in cross section and in diameter of Branch line 59 corresponding part 36 thereof protrude (see in particular Fig. 3, 6, 7 and 8).

In such a recess 35 or its rounded Upper part 36 are located in the wall transition 26 also end parts provided with inlet openings 61 'from Water drainage branch lines 61. Where appropriate three water drainage branch lines 61 are present. Accordingly, there are a total of five rib-like recesses 35 in the wall transition 26 at right angles to the upper and to front wall 22, 23 arranged across the width of the Block body 20 evenly distributed and for the alternately arranged water drainage and Water supply branch lines 61, 59 are provided. The water discharge branch lines 61 open into the rear one square, if necessary, as a kind of container Cross-section water drainage transverse line 62. (The water supply branch pipes already mentioned 59 protrude sealingly through this transverse line 62.) The water discharge cross line 62 is with the rear Bottom part 52 sealingly protruding water drainage main line 63 connected. The water drainage or the Water return is indicated by arrow R in Fig. 2.

The two welded together, in the rear area of the cold room accommodated cross lines 58, 62 on the sloping bottom part 51 (Fig. 3). To support the Branch lines 59, 61 is at its front end the wall 31 adjacent to the foot 30 with a cross section semicircular support surfaces 65 (see. Fig. 3, 8 and 9). The branch lines 59, 61 are axially on Heel surfaces 66 of the recesses 35 are supported (FIG. 3).

The inventive design of the block body 20, in which the upper and front walls 22, 23 on their Collision are thickened so that the corner room filling between the two walls 22, 23 Wall transition 26 arises, the inner surface 27 of the Cold room 55 is limited in its uppermost area simply creates the risk of insufficient cooling through the formation of insulating air or. Vapor bubbles - largely eliminated. You can in Difference to the grate block according to EP-B-0 713 056 all in Cold room 55 housed water pipes in one be arranged at the common level, what is manufacturing and assembly technology is much easier and the Possibility brings all piping into one weld solid block together and exactly in the cold room 55 to position.

The rib-like recesses 35 also each have one to the outer or inner surface 28, 27 of the wall transition 26 parallel surface 67 (Fig. 3 and 8), so that too no corner space is formed within the recesses 35, in which the cooling of the block body 20 could form an adverse air or vapor bubble. The Cooling water emerging from the outlet openings 59 ' through the respective, acting as a kind of water pipe Recess 35 in the lower, through the lower part of the front wall 23, the foot 30 and the sloping wall 31st deflected limited part of the cooling space 55, flows through this on the one hand along the wall 31 to the rear and on the other hand in the transverse direction of the grate block 6 to the neighboring, for the water drainage branch lines 61 provided recesses 35, in which there is again rises up to the inlet openings 61 '. The Inlet openings 61 'always remain in the cooling water immersed. The rib-like recesses 35 provide also for sufficient cooling of the cross section thickened wall transition 26.

In a further preferred embodiment in addition, the cooling space 55 is significantly reduced. This extends in length from the front wall 23 only over part of the block body length behind, preferably up to the support line of the overlying, upstream grate block 6. With in other words, the length of the cooling space 55 corresponds to essentially the distance of the front walls 23 two in downstream of the grate element 3 or stacked grate blocks 6, namely the maximum distance in an idle state.

In a cooling space 55 reduced in volume a higher pressure is permitted without the grate block 6 is exposed to impermissible stress or its wall thickness must be increased. Was the pressure in the previous cold room limited to 3 to 5 bar, can he now with the same dimensioning of the block body 20th be about 10 to 12 bar. But also the temperature of the Cooling water can reach higher values (instead of 80 ° C like so far the temperature can be up to 160 ° C) what means better energy yield. It also gets smaller Amount of cooling water required to cool the grate block 6. The cooling of the grate block designed according to the invention 6 is much more efficient than previous ones Grate blocks.

A grate is known to be large in length Fluctuations in temperature exposure exposed. To this Taking fluctuations into account has so far been Cooling water in the grate from below against the waste flow from each grate block to the other, overlying grate block directed. This is because of the relative displaceability of these grate blocks a large number of Hose connections have been necessary. There are also grates known in which only the fixed rows of grate blocks Be subjected to water cooling. When using Rust blocks 6, which have a higher pressure in the refrigerator 55 and Allowing a greater heating of the cooling water is one Cross cooling of the respective grate block row 4 or 5 juxtaposed, firmly screwed together Rust blocks 6 become possible.

Preferably both the solid and the movable rows of grate blocks 4 and 5 from the Water-cooled rust blocks 6 according to the invention composed.

As a cooling medium for cooling the invention Rostblocks or rust is preferably used water; under the term "cooling water", however, are all suitable Understand coolants.

Claims (11)

Cooled grate block as part of a grate for a plant for the thermal treatment of waste, in which the grate blocks (6) are arranged one above the other in a step-like manner, with a block body (20) produced as a cast part, which has a bearing surface (24) for the waste to be treated Forming upper wall (22) and a front wall (23), the two walls (22, 23) arranged below the support surface (24) to a water supply line (57, 58, 59) and a water discharge line (61, 62 , 63) limit the connected cooling space (55), characterized in that the two walls (22, 23) are thickened at their collision so that a wall transition (26) filling the corner space between the two walls (22, 23) with a essentially flat inner surface (27) delimiting the cooling space (55) in the uppermost region. Cooled grate block according to claim 1, characterized in that an arrangement (60) of water supply lines (57, 58, 59) and water discharge lines (61, 62, 63) is accommodated in the cooling space (55) , said arrangement having a plurality of outlet openings (59 ') or have a plurality of inlet openings (61 '), and each of which leads to a water supply or outlet opening into the cooling space (55). Water drainage main line (57 or 63) are connected. Cooled grate block according to claim 2, characterized in that the arrangement (60) each has a transverse line (58) connected to the main water supply line (57) or to the main water discharge line (63) and arranged in the rear region of the cooling space (55). 62), a plurality of water supply branch lines (59) being connected to the water supply cross line (58) and a plurality of water discharge branch lines (61) being connected to the water discharge cross line (62) and having their outlet or inlet openings (59 ' , 61 ') protrude into the front area of the cooling space (55). Cooled grate block according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that all water supply lines (57, 58, 59) and water discharge lines (61, 62, 63) are arranged in a common plane. Cooled grate block according to claim 4, characterized in that the wall transition (26) is provided with a number of rib-like recesses (35) distributed along the width of the block body and arranged at right angles to the upper and to the front wall (22, 23), into which the water supply - Branch lines (59) and the water discharge branch lines (61) protrude with their end parts provided with the outlet or inlet openings (59 'or 61') and which are provided for deflecting the cooling water flow. Cooled grate block according to claim 5, characterized in that the inner walls of the recesses (35) comprise an inner surface (67) parallel to the inner surface (27) of the wall transition (26). Cooled grate block according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the arrangement (60) of water supply lines (57, 58, 59) and water discharge lines (61, 62, 63) as a piping or a block of firmly connected, preferably welded pipes is formed. Cooled grate block according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cooling space (55) extends from the front wall (23) only over part of the block body length to the rear. Cooled grate block according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cooling space (55) extends from the front wall (23) to the support line of the upstream grate block (6) above it and thus in its length essentially the distance of the front Walls (23) of two grate blocks connected in series. Grate comprising cooled grate blocks (6) according to one of the Claims 1 to 9. Grate according to claim 10, with a plurality of stationary grate block rows (4) and a plurality of movable grate block rows (5) which are arranged alternately in succession, wherein a plurality of grate blocks (6) are hung next to one another on a block holding tube (7) and firmly connected to one another the respective grate block row (4 or 5), characterized in that both the stationary grate block rows (4) and the movable grate block rows (5) are formed by the water-cooled grate blocks (6) according to one of claims 1 to 7.

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