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EP1175258A1 - Microsysteme chimique modulaire - Google Patents

Microsysteme chimique modulaire

Info

Publication number
EP1175258A1
EP1175258A1 EP00925197A EP00925197A EP1175258A1 EP 1175258 A1 EP1175258 A1 EP 1175258A1 EP 00925197 A EP00925197 A EP 00925197A EP 00925197 A EP00925197 A EP 00925197A EP 1175258 A1 EP1175258 A1 EP 1175258A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
microsystem
modules
modular
micro
substances
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00925197A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Norbert Schwesinger
Ulf Heim
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ehrfeld Mikrotechnik BTS GmbH
Original Assignee
Heim Ulf
Schwesinger Norbert
Ehrfeld Mikrotechnik BTS GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Heim Ulf, Schwesinger Norbert, Ehrfeld Mikrotechnik BTS GmbH filed Critical Heim Ulf
Publication of EP1175258A1 publication Critical patent/EP1175258A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
    • G01N35/00584—Control arrangements for automatic analysers
    • G01N35/00722—Communications; Identification
    • G01N35/00871—Communications between instruments or with remote terminals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/0006—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J19/004—Multifunctional apparatus for automatic manufacturing of various chemical products
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/0093—Microreactors, e.g. miniaturised or microfabricated reactors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00781—Aspects relating to microreactors
    • B01J2219/00801—Means to assemble
    • B01J2219/0081—Plurality of modules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00781—Aspects relating to microreactors
    • B01J2219/00851—Additional features
    • B01J2219/00871—Modular assembly
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00781—Aspects relating to microreactors
    • B01J2219/0095—Control aspects
    • B01J2219/00986—Microprocessor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
    • G01N2035/00178—Special arrangements of analysers
    • G01N2035/00237—Handling microquantities of analyte, e.g. microvalves, capillary networks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
    • G01N35/00584—Control arrangements for automatic analysers
    • G01N35/00722—Communications; Identification
    • G01N35/00871—Communications between instruments or with remote terminals
    • G01N2035/00881—Communications between instruments or with remote terminals network configurations

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a modular microsystem for carrying out preferably chemical processes.
  • European patent EP 0 688 242 B1 describes an integrated device for chemical process steps which is intended to carry out one or more operations with sensors and control elements for a specific chemical reaction within a micro-reactor.
  • a plurality of plates designed as reaction cells are hermetically connected to one another to form at least one three-dimensionally wound continuous channel.
  • this reactor can only be used for the one predetermined chemical reaction, since modifications in the course of the reaction cannot be carried out.
  • the reactor is also unusable if a single reaction cell in the reactor is defective.
  • a design known as MINIPLANT technology is known from CHEMIE INGENIEUR TECHNIK 69 (1997) pp. 623-631, in which a large number of apparatuses are provided for implementing a wide variety of process sequences.
  • a disadvantage here is the considerable effort to set up the necessary infrastructure for such a system.
  • technical elements for large material flows often prove unsuitable for use in microsystems due to the small quantities to be converted.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide an arrangement in which chemical see physical or chemical / physical processes can take place, this arrangement can be easily adapted to the desired process and supported by a flexible control system.
  • Another object is to provide a microsystem for the purpose of producing very small quantities of a wide variety of substances, the retrofitting of the microsystem, apart from the simple exchange of modules on a coupling rail, requiring no installation work (neither for material connections, nor for electrical signal connections).
  • the coupling rail has a multiplicity of module interfaces which are constructed in the same way (geometrically defined).
  • each of the large number of modules has a connection area which is complementary to the module interfaces, so that each module can be arranged in any order on the at least one coupling rail, the modules being connected to one another via the system bus and the material duct system and being from the control unit or receive or send control signals to other modules and receive or deliver substances from the storage or collecting containers or other modules.
  • the switching elements contained in the modules influence the material flow within the module in response to control signals from the system bus. Such switching elements can be valves or switchable channel systems within the modules.
  • This modular microsystem is a device for realizing chemical and physical reactions or process se ready, the structure of which is flexible and thus enables easy adaptation to different process sequences.
  • each module represents a self-contained, more or less complicated process unit, in which the substances supplied are subjected to a controlled process.
  • Such processes can be chemical reactions or physical processes, such as oxidation or evaporation.
  • any module is not important for the invention. The only thing that matters is that all modules have standardized interfaces that allow an arrangement in the coupling rail and a central control. This also has the advantage that the individual modules can be exchanged or replaced at any time.
  • the individual modules are equipped with microstructures that can be formed in silicon wafers using etching techniques, for example. The techniques for making such structures are well known in the semiconductor industry.
  • each module in the connection area has material inputs, material outputs, control signal inputs and control signal outputs.
  • the individual modules can both receive substances and deliver the results of the processes in the module in material form.
  • the modules and the processes running there can be controlled via the control inputs, and the control outputs can be Chen the data transmission to other modules or to the central control unit.
  • the measurement results from sensors arranged in the modules can be transmitted to the control unit, where they are available for further data processing.
  • Electrical or optical signals are preferably used as control signals, since sophisticated transmission techniques are available in this regard. In modified embodiments, however, information can also be transmitted by hydraulic or pneumatic signals.
  • a particularly expedient embodiment of the modular microsystem has a material channel system which is designed for the conduction of fluidic substances.
  • gaseous substances can also be processed.
  • the control unit is a personal computer.
  • Such microsystems can be used for example in laboratories or in pharmacies, drugstores and health food stores to produce small quantities of pharmaceutical products. Due to the use of ready-made modules and the arrangement of the modules on the coupling rail without complications, no special know-how is required to set up chemical process plants with which the desired products can be produced.
  • the modular microsystems can therefore be used directly where the desired product is needed. In the case of perishable substances, this ensures that the production of the substance only has to take place at the point in time when it is actually required; it is even conceivable that such microsystems have certain characteristics User groups are used in the living area, for example to prepare the necessary medication fresh at any time. If, in these cases, the control takes place via an ordinary personal computer which is available at most conceivable application points of the microsystem according to the invention, the effort required for the overall system is further reduced.
  • continuous chemical reactions can take place in the microsystem.
  • the individual process steps required are carried out in the respective modules.
  • the module assembly on the coupling rail is based on the modular principle, with the individual steps of a desired reaction taking place in succession in individual modules. It is thus possible with the microsystem according to the invention to run any chemical reactions on a microscale.
  • the control of these reactions is in turn mediated by the control of the individual modules by a central control unit.
  • a plurality of coupling rails can also be used, preferably coupling rails of the same type being used.
  • the module interfaces use special plug-in systems as are known per se from the prior art for the construction of duct systems.
  • the modules for the microsystem include, for example, micromixers, micropumps, microvalves, microreactors, micro-dwellers, micro-heaters, micro-coolers, micro-separators, micro-extractors, micro-splitters, micro-evaporators, micro-evaporators and / or microsensors.
  • micromixers for example, micromixers, micropumps, microvalves, microreactors, micro-dwellers, micro-heaters, micro-coolers, micro-separators, micro-extractors, micro-splitters, micro-evaporators, micro-evaporators and / or microsensors.
  • the modular microsystem according to the invention opens up the possibility of optimizing process parameters in defined reactions with little effort, since the individual parameters can be changed or adapted automatically by the central control unit within a predetermined test series.
  • Theoretically predicted reactions can be verified with the microsystem in continuous operation.
  • all reactions can be tested in a miniaturized plant with the modular microsystem, so that, for example, scaling rules for mass products can also be developed.
  • the control of the modular microsystem is carried out by a central control unit and the data transmission between the control unit and the individual modules can be carried out by electrical signals, the control unit can also be positioned spatially separated from the actual microsystem.
  • the control data can also be exchanged between different control units.
  • each individual module has a connection area for the mass and signal transmission that is complementary to the module interfaces, the design of this connection area being identical for all modules.
  • a major advantage of the present modular microsystem is thus that the modules can be arranged quickly and without complications in any order, so that process sequences can be implemented without special know-how. This can even enable non-specialists to practically understand special processes if you are provided with instructions on how to arrange existing modules and adapted control software. Furthermore, a flexible system for processing very small quantities of material is provided, as required for the testing and verification of theoretically predicted reactions, the optimization of process parameters and for substance screening. Demand-based industrial production of small quantities of material is also possible.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a modular microsystem with a personal computer as a control unit.
  • 2 shows a schematic diagram of networked laboratories, each with a modular microsystem;
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a worldwide network consisting of several modular microsystems.
  • the coupling rail 1 shows a basic illustration of a modular micro system, which comprises a coupling rail 1 and a multiplicity of modules 2 (modules 2a-2f shown here).
  • the coupling rail 1 has a multiplicity of electrical connections 3 and a multiplicity of fabric connections 4.
  • the coupling rail 1 provides a mechanical frame in which a multiplicity of similar, geometrically and electrically defined module interfaces 5 are provided.
  • the modules 2 each have a connection area 6 on their underside which is complementary to the module interfaces 5.
  • Special plug-in systems are used, but are known as such and are therefore not explained in detail.
  • the connection area can also be arranged at any other point on the module if this is expedient for the special application.
  • the control connections 3 can be designed as electrical connections or also as connections for the transmission of optical signals.
  • the control connections 3 are connected to a system bus which transmits the applied control signals to the module interfaces 5 and from there into the inserted modules 2 in their connection area 6.
  • connection area 6 of the modules also provides a transition area for preferably fluid see substances ready so that the basic substances supplied to the substance connections 4 can flow into the individual modules 2 via a substance channel system within the coupling rail 1, mediated via the module interfaces 5.
  • the corresponding material channel system can be formed by hoses or pipes.
  • the materials to be used depend on the substances to be transported. Since a large number of material connections 4 are available, the basic substances can be transported on individual sections of the material channel system, while on other sections of the channel system the intermediate products are transported from one module to a subsequent module and the desired end products in turn on a third section of the channel system the fabric connections 4 are performed. All chemical and physical reactions and process steps are carried out within one or more modules adapted to the specific process step.
  • Microsystems are used as modules, as exemplified in the introduction to the description.
  • a micromodule For a better understanding of such a micromodule, reference is also made to the German patent application DE 198 55 256.4, in which a microseparator is described which could be assembled in the form of such a module without further difficulties in terms of its external structure.
  • the 1 also shows a personal computer 10, which works as a central control unit for the microsystem.
  • the personal computer 10 is connected to the control connections 3 via a suitable connecting line 11. All control information is transmitted to the individual modules 2 via the control connections, so that the process process can be influenced solely by changing the corresponding tax information. Larger changes in the desired reaction sequence can be achieved by rearranging or exchanging the individual modules.
  • Mass transport lines 12 are also provided, which connect the mass connections 4 to corresponding storage or collection containers 13.
  • the fluidic starting substances flow to the modules 2 via the mass transport lines 12 and the end substances are fed into the collecting containers 13 by the modules via the mass transport lines 12.
  • FIG. 2 shows a connection between two modular microsystems to form a laboratory network.
  • a microsystem consisting of the coupling rail 1 and a large number of modules 2 is in turn set up. This microsystem is controlled by the personal computer 10.
  • a second laboratory there is a second coupling rail 101 with second modules 102.
  • the second microsystem constructed in this way is controlled by a second personal computer 110.
  • the two personal computers 10 and 110 which represent the control units for the two microsystems, are connected via an internal data network 20. In this way, parallel test series can be carried out in different laboratories, for example, which enable immediate verification of test results.
  • FIG. 3 shows a basic illustration of a global network in which several modular microsystems are integrated.
  • Each unit comprises a modular microsystem, again consisting of the coupling rail 1 and the modules 2, which are controlled by the control unit 10.
  • the data exchange in turn takes place between the individual control units, the type of data transmission not being important. In this way, chemical reactions that have been successfully carried out can be reproduced at remote locations within a very short time. For this it is sufficient if the same starting substances are available, the same modules are used and the same control program is processed by the respective control unit.
  • the various possible uses of the modular microsystem according to the invention are ultimately only limited by the available individual modules with their special designs.
  • Such individual modules can also be provided by various specialized manufacturers as long as they meet the standardized requirements for the module interfaces and the complementary connection areas.
  • the control of these modules can also be largely simplified if a specific routine is available for each individual module, with which all functions of the module can be controlled and which can be easily integrated into a complex control program. Again, it is sufficient if the interfaces between these control routines are standardized.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

Microsystème modulaire destiné de préférence à la mise en oeuvre de processus chimiques, qui comporte au moins un rail de couplage (1) et une pluralité de modules (2). Le rail de couplage possède une pluralité de raccords (3) de commande qui servent à raccorder ledit microsystème à une unité de commande (10), un bus de système qui communique avec la pluralité de raccords (3) de commande et qui sert à transmettre les signaux de commande au sein du microsystème, une pluralité de raccords (4) pour substances qui servent à raccorder le microsystème à des récipients d'alimentation et/ou de collecte (13), un système de canaux pour les substances qui communique avec la pluralité de raccords (4) pour substances et qui sert à acheminer les substances au sein du microsystème, et une pluralité d'interfaces (5) pour modules, identiques et géométriquement définies, qui se trouvent en liaison avec le bus de système et le système de canaux pour substances. Au sein des modules, les substances sont soumises à des processus commandés. Les modules possèdent une zone de raccord (6) complémentaire des interfaces (5) pour modules et peuvent être placés dans n'importe quel ordre sur le rail de couplage (1).
EP00925197A 1999-04-16 2000-04-11 Microsysteme chimique modulaire Withdrawn EP1175258A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19917398 1999-04-16
DE1999117398 DE19917398C2 (de) 1999-04-16 1999-04-16 Modulares chemisches Mikrosystem
PCT/EP2000/003222 WO2000062919A1 (fr) 1999-04-16 2000-04-11 Microsysteme chimique modulaire

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1175258A1 true EP1175258A1 (fr) 2002-01-30

Family

ID=7904912

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00925197A Withdrawn EP1175258A1 (fr) 1999-04-16 2000-04-11 Microsysteme chimique modulaire

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1175258A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2002542014A (fr)
AU (1) AU4399800A (fr)
DE (1) DE19917398C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2000062919A1 (fr)

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DE19917398C2 (de) 2002-06-20
AU4399800A (en) 2000-11-02
WO2000062919A1 (fr) 2000-10-26
DE19917398A1 (de) 2000-10-19

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