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EP1168418B1 - Radiateur infrarouge - Google Patents

Radiateur infrarouge Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1168418B1
EP1168418B1 EP01113703A EP01113703A EP1168418B1 EP 1168418 B1 EP1168418 B1 EP 1168418B1 EP 01113703 A EP01113703 A EP 01113703A EP 01113703 A EP01113703 A EP 01113703A EP 1168418 B1 EP1168418 B1 EP 1168418B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating element
infrared radiator
radiator according
glass tube
quartz glass
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01113703A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1168418A1 (fr
Inventor
Siegfried Grob
Joachim Scherzer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Excelitas Noblelight GmbH
Original Assignee
Heraeus Noblelight GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Heraeus Noblelight GmbH filed Critical Heraeus Noblelight GmbH
Publication of EP1168418A1 publication Critical patent/EP1168418A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1168418B1 publication Critical patent/EP1168418B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
    • H01K7/00—Lamps for purposes other than general lighting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
    • H01K1/00—Details
    • H01K1/18—Mountings or supports for the incandescent body
    • H01K1/24—Mounts for lamps with connections at opposite ends, e.g. for tubular lamp
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/02—Details
    • H05B3/04—Waterproof or air-tight seals for heaters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
    • H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
    • H05B3/44—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor arranged within rods or tubes of insulating material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/032—Heaters specially adapted for heating by radiation heating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an infrared radiator with a arranged in a quartz glass tube, carbon fiber-containing heating element, the ends of which is connected to leading through the wall of the quartz glass tube contact elements.
  • the invention further relates to a method for operating such an infrared radiator.
  • Infrared radiators of the type mentioned are for example made DE 198 39 457 A1 known. They have helical heating elements made of carbon fibers. Such carbon fibers have the advantage that they allow rapid temperature changes, so are characterized by a high reaction rate.
  • the known carbon radiator has a relatively high radiant power due to its spiraling and the associated large surface and is suitable for operating at temperatures below 1000 ° C. In the practical design, temperatures of the heating element of max. 950 ° C preferred. Due to these upper temperature limits, the achievable radiant power is limited.
  • Similar infrared radiators are in DE 44 19 285 A1 described.
  • a carbon band is formed meandering from several contiguous sections.
  • Out GB 2 233 150 A Infrared radiators are also known in which the heating element is designed as a carbon band.
  • Out DE-GM 1 969 200 as well as out GB 1 261 748 and EP 163 348 A1 Infrared radiators are known with metallic heating elements. These can only achieve limited radiant power due to a relatively low surface area. In particular, from the latter two publications, it is known to form the heating elements so that they touch the surrounding quartz tube in places and supported there.
  • quartz tubes recrystallize easily above about 1000 ° C, especially when touched, so that they become unusable.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an improved infrared radiator, in particular with higher radiant power and a long service life, and to provide a method for its operation.
  • the heating element is arranged at a distance from the wall of the quartz glass tube and that the heating element is centered by means of spacers to the axis of the quartz glass tube, although the spacers represent thermal bridges.
  • the inner diameter of the quartz glass tube is at least 1.5 times as large as the diameter of the spiral or helix of the heating element.
  • the temperature of the heating element can be increased to well above 1000 ° C.
  • the temperature of the heating element can be increased to temperatures above 1500 ° C, so that the radiant power, which is proportional to the 4th power of the absolute temperature increases accordingly.
  • the spacers are formed of molybdenum and / or tungsten and / or tantalum or an alloy of at least two of these metals. It has been found that such spacers on the one hand have a high thermal stability, but on the other hand heating of the quartz glass tube to recrystallization is avoided.
  • the spacers have at least on their side facing the heating element such an extension in the longitudinal direction of the heating element, which is greater than the distances formed in this longitudinal direction between the turns of the heating element. This will Even with vibration slipping of the spacers in the spaces between the individual turns avoided.
  • heating element and spacers ceramic, in particular alumina or zirconia, as this increases the life of the heating element and premature burning is prevented.
  • the contact elements are formed at their ends connected to the heating element made of resilient material in order to ensure a reliable fixation of the Kunststoffele-trained elements before welding them to other contacts.
  • molybdenum can be used as the resilient material.
  • the ends of the contact elements, which are connected to the heating element, according to the invention formed as these ends of the heating element encompassing sleeves, wherein the sleeves molybdenum can be formed.
  • graphite in particular as graphite paper, is arranged between the ends of the heating element and the contact elements in order to optimize the galvanic contact between the contact elements and the carbon fibers of the heating element.
  • the heating element expediently consists essentially or exclusively of carbon fibers.
  • a noble metal paste and / or a metallic coating applied to the ends of the heating element can be arranged between the graphite and the heating element.
  • the metallic coating of nickel or a noble metal may be formed and preferably applied by electroplating.
  • a welding of the contact parts can be done by resistance welding or laser welding.
  • the object is achieved for the method for operating an infrared radiator in that the heating element to a temperature of greater than 1000 ° C, preferably greater than 1500 ° C, heated.
  • Fig. 1 an inventive infrared radiator is shown.
  • a quartz glass tube 1 is arranged as a heating element 2, a coiled carbon ribbon, which is held with spacers 3 spaced from the wall of the quartz glass tube 1.
  • the heating element 2 is connected to contact elements 4, wherein the band contact is formed as a sleeve 5 made of molybdenum.
  • a terminal lug 6 leads out, from which contacts 7 are led out to the outer terminals 10 via molybdenum sealing foils 8 within the pinch region 9 of the quartz glass tube 1.
  • Carbon radiator with coiled heating elements according to Fig. 1 have about 2.5 to 3 times larger surface area and thus 2.5 to 3 times greater power density compared to carbon radiators with a non-coiled band. Even with respect to infrared radiators with metallic heating elements equipped with Carbonbändem as a heating element infrared radiators have a much higher power density. Thus, a substantially lower temperature of the carbon ribbons as a heating element is required over heating elements formed of metal to achieve the same power density. In specific cases were Achieved power densities of 900 kW / m 2 at tungsten halogen lamps at about 3000 Kelvin, while the corresponding coiled carbon ribbon for the same power density only had to be brought to a temperature of about 2170 Kelvin.
  • the in Fig. 1 shown infrared radiator can be operated at temperatures> 1000 ° C.
  • a ratio of the inner diameter of the quartz glass tube to the diameter of the helix of the heating element of at least 1.5, in particular of 1.7 is necessary.
  • the heating element can be operated with temperatures of> 1500 ° C.
  • the spacers 3 are made of molybdenum, for example. There are also tungsten or tantalum or alloys of said metal in question. The expansion of the spacers 3 in the axial direction is greater than the axial gap between two Walker mindfullabchangingen the heating elements 2. Between the individual spacers 3 and the heating element 2 each have an insulating ceramic insert 11 is arranged to damage the heating element 2 and thus a premature failure avoid.
  • the ceramic insert is made of alumina or zirconia, depending on the intended operating temperature.
  • FIG. 2 shows a very simple and inexpensive embodiment.
  • Fig. 3 shows this embodiment with a ceramic insert 11.
  • the in the Fig. 2 to 8 Embodiments shown are preferably made of metals, with more complicated embodiments, as shown in the Fig. 4 to 8 are shown, may be welded together from individual parts.
  • the in Fig. 4 shown spacers is particularly stable due to its concentric design and 2-sided fixation of the inner ring, as well as the spacer according to Fig. 7 in which an annular part 12 is surrounded by a triangle 13.
  • the contact area between the spacer 3 and the quartz glass tube 1 is particularly low.
  • FIG. 5 and 6 are very similar, with both an inner ring 14 of spring arms 15, 15 'is surrounded, which support the inner ring 14 against the quartz glass tube 1.
  • Fig. 8 shows a further embodiment in which two rings 14, 14 'are arranged concentrically with each other.
  • a spacer 3 made of a ceramic material (alumina or zirconia) is shown.
  • This spacer has openings 16, which prevent the formation of several separate spaces within the radiator. The openings allow easy evacuation of the quartz glass tube.
  • FIG. 10 shows a contact element 4 made of a resilient material, such as molybdenum.
  • Fig. 11 shows the contact element, which is pushed over the carbon band of the heating element 2 and this includes on both sides. Between both materials graphite paper 17 is laid to improve the contact. This layer composite is compressed and welded at the weld designated by "X" 18 by resistance welding or laser welding, wherein the two legs of the contact element are directly connected to each other and the carbon band of the heating element 2 and the graphite paper 17 between them.
  • Fig. 12 shows the schematic view of this contact, wherein the welds 18 are marked. In this case, the sectional view taken along the line AA in Fig. 13 shown.
  • FIGS. 14 and 15 show a further embodiment of the contact, wherein Fig. 15 a section along the line AA Fig. 14 shows.
  • the carbon coil of the heating element 2 is surrounded by a sleeve 5.
  • the sleeve 5 is made of molybdenum.
  • an inner sleeve 19 is arranged in the region of the sleeve 5, which opens into the connecting lug 6 leading to the outside.
  • graphite paper 17 is arranged. The layers are close together, the distances in the drawings ( Fig.
  • the heating element 2 may be a noble metal paste or on the ends of the heating element 2 applied metallic coating, preferably of nickel or a noble metal, may be arranged, wherein the metallic coating may be applied galvanically to the heating element.
  • This coating or the noble metal paste can be arranged both on the inner and on the outer side of the heating element 2, that is, both between the heating element 2 and the inner sleeve 19 and between the heating element 2 and the outer sleeve 5.
  • the coating or the precious metal paste are not shown in the figures for clarity.

Landscapes

  • Resistance Heating (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Radiateur infrarouge comprenant un élément chauffant disposé dans un tube en verre de quartz, contenant des fibres de carbone dont les extrémités sont reliées à des éléments de contact menant à travers la paroi du tube en verre de quartz, et dans lequel l'élément chauffant (2) présente la forme d'un ruban en forme de spirale ou hélicoïdal, caractérisé en ce que l'élément chauffant (2) est disposé à distance de la paroi du tube en verre de quartz (1) et que l'élément chauffant (2) est disposé de manière centrée par rapport à l'axe du tube en verre de quartz (1) au moyen d'écarteurs (3) et dans lequel les éléments de contact (4) sont formés de matériau élastique à leurs extrémités reliées à l'élément chauffant (2), dans lequel les extrémités des éléments de contact (4) qui sont reliées à l'élément chauffant (2) sont réalisées en tant que manchons (5) enveloppant les extrémités de l'élément chauffant (2).
  2. Radiateur infrarouge selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le diamètre interne du tube en verre de quartz (1) est au moins 1,5 fois aussi grand que le diamètre de la spirale ou de l'hélice de l'élément chauffant (2).
  3. Radiateur infrarouge selon au moins une des revendications 1 à 2, caractérisé en ce que les écarteurs (3) sont formés à partir de molybdène et/ou de tungstène et/ou de tantale ou d'un alliage de ces métaux.
  4. Radiateur infrarouge selon au moins une des revendications 2 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les écarteurs (3) présentent au moins sur leur côté tourné vers l'élément chauffant (2) une extension dans la direction longitudinale de l'élément chauffant (2) qui est supérieure aux distances formées dans cette direction longitudinale entre les spires de l'élément chauffant (2).
  5. Radiateur infrarouge selon au moins une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que de la céramique (11), notamment de l'oxyde d'aluminium ou du dioxyde de zirconium, est disposée entre l'élément chauffant (2) et les écarteurs (3).
  6. Radiateur infrarouge selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le matériau élastique est formé à partir de molybdène.
  7. Radiateur infrarouge selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les manchons (5) sont formés à partir de molybdène.
  8. Radiateur infrarouge selon au moins une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que du graphite, notamment en tant que papier de graphite (17 ; 17') est disposé entre les extrémités de l'élément chauffant (2) et les éléments de contact (4).
  9. Radiateur infrarouge selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce qu'une pâte de métal noble et/ou un revêtement métallique appliqué sur les extrémités de l'élément chauffant (2) est disposé(e) entre le graphite et l'élément chauffant (2).
  10. Radiateur infrarouge selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que le revêtement métallique est formé à partir de nickel ou d'un métal noble.
  11. Radiateur infrarouge selon la revendication 9 ou 10, caractérisé en ce que le revêtement métallique est appliqué de manière galvanique.
  12. Radiateur infrarouge selon au moins une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que des parties de contact sont reliées entre elles au moyen d'un soudage par résistance ou d'un soudage laser.
  13. Procédé d'exploitation d'un radiateur infrarouge selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'élément chauffant (2) est chauffé à une température supérieure à 1000°C, de préférence supérieure à 1500°C.
EP01113703A 2000-06-21 2001-06-02 Radiateur infrarouge Expired - Lifetime EP1168418B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10029437A DE10029437B4 (de) 2000-06-21 2000-06-21 Infrarotstrahler und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines solchen Infrarotstrahlers
DE10029437 2000-06-21

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1168418A1 EP1168418A1 (fr) 2002-01-02
EP1168418B1 true EP1168418B1 (fr) 2012-09-19

Family

ID=7645790

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01113703A Expired - Lifetime EP1168418B1 (fr) 2000-06-21 2001-06-02 Radiateur infrarouge

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (2) US6591062B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1168418B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2002063870A (fr)
DE (1) DE10029437B4 (fr)

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DE102012025299A1 (de) 2012-12-28 2014-07-03 Helmut Haimerl Heizstrahler mit Heizrohrelement

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DE102012025299A1 (de) 2012-12-28 2014-07-03 Helmut Haimerl Heizstrahler mit Heizrohrelement
WO2014102013A2 (fr) 2012-12-28 2014-07-03 Haimerl, Helmut Projecteur chauffant doté d'un élément tubulaire chauffant
EP3261407A1 (fr) 2012-12-28 2017-12-27 Haimerl, Helmut Radiateur comprenant un élément de tube chauffant

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DE10029437A1 (de) 2002-01-10
JP2002063870A (ja) 2002-02-28
US6591062B2 (en) 2003-07-08
US20010055478A1 (en) 2001-12-27
EP1168418A1 (fr) 2002-01-02
USRE40181E1 (en) 2008-03-25
DE10029437B4 (de) 2005-11-17

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