EP1165868B1 - Method and device for processing filament yarn, and use of said device - Google Patents

Abstract

A method of treating filament yarn includes supplying a plurality of yarn filaments through a yarn channel of a nozzle in a yarn travel direction and introducing a blowing medium into the yarn channel substantially in a direction of the yarn travel direction and at an angle of introduction of more than about 15° and less than about 45° from a direction perpendicular to the yarn travel direction. The plurality of yarn filaments are mixed within the yarn channel so as to produce a filament yarn substantially free of knits.

Description

Technical area

The invention relates to a method and a device for the treatment of filament yarn in a yarn duct of a nozzle, with supply of the blowing medium in the yarn channel.

State of the art

The treatment of Endlösfilamentgarn has two main tasks. On the one hand, the yarn, made of industrially produced filaments, should be given a textile character and also textile-technical properties. Second, the yarn is treated for specific quality characteristics for further processing and / or for the final product. Part yarn qualities must be produced which are not necessary and unavailable in the products made with natural fibers. The application areas are in the industrial processing of. Textiles, e.g. for the construction sector, the automotive industry, but also for carpet production and for special textile products in the sports and leisure industry. Furthermore, spun yarn is to be treated by certain preparations for the best possible industrial processing and the processing process for yarns and fabrics to be optimized. Optimization here also means maintaining or increasing certain quality criteria and reducing production costs, including in terms of downtime throughout the entire process.

In filament spinning, various treatments, such as the preparation and finishing of yarn via yarn treatment nozzles, are an important part. The structural change from plain yarn to a textured or entangled yarn is caused by mechanical air forces. In the case of texturing, you want to give the smooth yarn a textile character. With a supersonic flow, small loops and thus all-over yarn become attached to the filaments generates larger volume. During the swirling, knots are formed on the yarn at short intervals, which increase the cohesion of the yarn and result in a more stable running of the yarn during processing and during winding. Air treatment nozzles are used to improve the structure of a yarn. A very demanding process is the improvement of quality by treatment with hot steam, eg for relaxation as part of a stretching process or after another previous process intervention. In all cases, the nozzle body made of highly wear-resistant material, otherwise their life would be much too short. A not insignificant source of problems for yarn treatment nozzles lies in the preparation. The yarn is provided with protective substances immediately after the spinning process or the production of individual filaments. The protective substances should be an aid for subsequent processing. The substances used for the preparation give oelige sliding property, so that the sliding friction of the yarn throughout the way the processing remains as deep as possible, the risk of damage or a Gambruches reduced and the abrasion of the sliding surfaces of the transport and processing plants as small as possible can be kept. But there are a whole series of other factors that are favorably influenced by the preparation or the preparation, such as static charges. A wide area is the protection against püzbefall of the yarn during, the storage times between the different stages of processing.

Another very important process stage for filament yarn is drawing. After the filaments leave the spinnerets, the yarns formed therefrom must be stretched. The stretching requires a more or less smooth yarn, which is no longer the case in the case of a textured yarn. In a considerable number of applications there is a need to give the yarn a minimal bond. However, the compound may only be so intense that the subsequent processing stages are not adversely affected. It is known to arrange a swirling nozzle in a spinning process after the application of spin finish agents. Thus only very weak knots, better only knots of knots are formed on the yarn to stabilize the directly following transports. The disadvantage here is finding optimal conditions or an optimal compromise between no nodes and yet approaches of nodes. For this purpose, until today known Verwirbelungsdüsen with poor utilization of the air treatment or with only weak vortex formation, especially with relatively low pressure of the treatment air used. In practice, the uniformity and constancy of the resulting yarn structure often suffers. The prior art is missing a stable treatment possibility of yarn or a corresponding device, which generates just enough filament connection to ensure a smooth and stable yarn run, without detriment to subsequent interventions or process steps or with respect to structural changes.

DE 41 02 790 deals with a special problem with false twisting crimping machines and proposes a delivery nozzle. The conveying air is for this purpose at an angle of e.g. 20 ° to the Garnläufrichtung blown into the nozzle channel. With the almost exclusive conveying effect, the yarn remains virtually unchanged. US Pat. No. 4,214,352 proposes a texturing nozzle for the production of a looping yarn. An injection angle of approx. 45 ° is shown.

Presentation of the invention

It was an object of the present invention to develop a method and yarn treatment nozzles which permit preconsolidation of the yarn compound, in particular with the highest possible consistency of light structural engagement. The aim was to make the connection even at the highest speeds of yarn transport immediately after the spinneret and e.g. directly in connection with the application of spin finish of e.g. 3'000 - 7'000 m / min. It was part of the task to improve the conditions for the treatment of yarn with regard to preparation agents, the productivity, in particular the yarn quality, even at the highest speeds.

The method according to the invention is characterized in that the blowing medium is directed slightly in the thread running direction and introduced into the yarn channel at an insertion angle with an angular deviation .alpha. From the perpendicular to the thread running direction greater than 15.degree., But smaller than 45.degree., Without the filaments of the prepared yarn Generation of. Knots are mixed and easily crossed.

The inventive device is characterized in that the device is designed as a migration nozzle, with a directed in Garnlaufrichtung pressure medium supply channel in the yarn channel, which with an angular deviation α from a perpendicular to Garnlaufrichtung or to the longitudinal center axis of the Garnkanales greater than 15 ° but less than 45 ° in the yarn channel is directed.

The invention further relates to the use of the device for a thorough mixing and uniform distribution of spin finish on filament yarn, whereby the filaments are connected to a slightly crossed but knot-free yarn and at the same time the spin finish is distributed more optimally on the whole yarn.

The invention allows a number of particularly advantageous embodiments. Reference is made to claims 2 to 10 and 12 to 16.

Practice shows that as the transport speed of the yarn increases, in the frame, e.g. for polyester higher than 3500 m / min., PP higher 3000 m / min. and with polyamide higher 4200 m / min. the threadline becomes restless and unstable despite the preparation. This instability increases with further increases in spun yarn speed. This becomes problematic at higher multi-end spinning positions. This is especially true for deflection or stretch rollers in preoriented POY and finished oriented FOY as well as fully stretched FDY spinning processes. Another aspect is that, not least for mechanical engineering and procedural reasons, an ever closer division is sought, so that in the same machine depth, which formerly consisted of four yarn runs, today 8 to 10 are desired. Closer division increases the risk that the filaments from adjacent yarn runs contact each other, skip and then immediately cause a yarn breakage. Not least for ecological as well as economic reasons, the application of preparation agents can not be increased arbitrarily by corresponding contact with preparation lips.

All earlier tests showed that the range of 15 ° for the introduction angle of the blown air into the yarn passage or to the longitudinal center axis LM of a swirl nozzle is a barrier as it were. For the majority of swirl nozzles, the air jet is directed perpendicularly to the longitudinal center axis, producing two uniform vortices in the yarn channel. All previous experience has shown that the more the direction of the blowing air has been tilted, for example in the range of about 10 to 15 degrees to a perpendicular with respect to the yarn run, the more the air has a delivery component and the more the lost Verwirbelungsdüse their real function, namely the generation of Verwirbelungsknoten. Therefore, in cases where some air treatment was sought in the type of swirl nozzles, but without knot formation in the yarn, it was obvious to take a swirling nozzle of the prior art, but simply to lower the air pressure until, for lack of energy of the compressed air Knots were formed more. The disadvantage was that the reproducibility of the result left something to be desired.

Systematic test series with the new solution showed, surprisingly, that new effects arise in the region greater than 15 for the insertion angle with a suitable setting of the blowing air pressure, namely a slight crossing of the filaments and a corresponding mixing effect. As an actual surprise it could be found in some experiments that in the case of prior application of the spin finish to the yarn it was optimally distributed to the yarn or the individual filaments, and in particular that the effect of the spin finish, even with a reduction of the amount of spin finish from 5 to 20%, was still significantly larger than the known practice. Smooth running, stability and an increase in operational reliability can be achieved with the new solution. In many cases 10-20% and more preparation can be saved. There are many possible uses. It has been shown very rapidly that the effect of light crossover does not disturb any of the subsequent treatment steps, neither stretching nor the generation of a knot yarn or thermal effects, e.g. relaxing. For the spin finish application, the new solution fulfills a dual function, namely the crossing and the optimization of the spin finish and its distribution. Characterized in that the air flow is given a strong conveying effect in Garnlaufrichtung, not only the transport speed of the yarn can be increased, but the effect of the air, in the sense of intense air vortices, be increased without the generation of knots. The practice can be provided by a new element with very positive effects, which were previously not possible in this way, and allows a variety of applications. In the majority of applications air is the optimal blowing medium. It turns out, however, that in particular applications, steam is also usable as a medium, e.g. for relaxing. The new process stage is referred to as the migration stage and the new air nozzle as a migration nozzle.

• Im FOY-/FDY-Prozess soll die Stabilisierung des Fadens auf den Streck- bzw. Umlenkrollen durch eine gleichmässige Verteilung der Spinnpräparation im Faden sowie einer leichten Durchmischung der Filamente erfolgen (eine Art kontinuierlicher Verwirbelung ohne Knotenbildung).. Es darf dabei keine Verwirbelungspunkte geben, da diese im Streckprozess zu Reibüngsunterschieden auf den Streckrallen führen würden. Die Migrationsdüse befindet sich vor der ersten Streckrolle. Wenn verwirbelt werden muss, wird dies vor dem Spuler mit zusätzlicher Luffirerwirbelungs-Düse gemacht.
• Im POY-Prozess wird ebenfalls eine Stabilisierung des Fadens auf den Rollen (hier Umlenkrollen) durch eine gleichmässigere Verteilung der Spinnpräparation zwischen den Filamenten angestrebt; die Montageposition ist die gleiche.
• Im BCF-Prozess wird eine Stabilisierung der einzelnen Filamente im Garn und eine Verteilung der Präparation erzeugt. Beim Tricolor-Prozess wird zusätzlich eine leichte Farbentrennung im Garn erreicht. Montageposition ist die gleiche wie bei den anderen Prozessen.

In POY and FOY / FDY spinning processes, the threadline with an additional migration level becomes quieter. The result is a stabilization of the thread on the subsequent deflection or stretch rollers, not least by the more uniform distribution of the spin finish between the filaments and thus also by a compensation of thread tension differences. Depending on the spinning process, this happens as follows:

• In the FOY / FDY process, the stabilization of the thread on the stretching or deflection rollers should be effected by a uniform distribution of the spin finish in the thread and a slight mixing of the filaments (a kind of continuous Turbulence without knot formation). There must be no turbulence points, since these would lead to friction differences on the stretch rams in the drawing process. The migration nozzle is located in front of the first stretch roller. If swirling is required, this is done in front of the winder with additional Luffirer vortexing nozzle.
• In the POY process stabilization of the thread on the rolls (in this case deflection rolls) is likewise aimed at by a more uniform distribution of the spin finish between the filaments; the mounting position is the same.
• In the BCF process, a stabilization of the individual filaments in the yarn and a distribution of the preparation is produced. The tricolor process additionally achieves a slight color separation in the yarn. Mounting position is the same as in the other processes.

Preferably, the blown air stream with compressed air of less than 6 bar, preferably less than 1.5 bar, particularly preferably from 0.3 bar to 1.2 bar generated. For finer yarns, a pressure of about 0.5 bar has been found to be optimal. Via the migration nozzle, the crossing of the filaments leads a new path, which was not known in the previous practice. The closest technique is swirling. In the swirling a mixing and connection of the individual filaments of a yarn is sought, which is recognizable as a result by visible nodes. During the migration, no nodes should be formed, which is achieved on the one hand by an injection angle of greater than 15 °, preferably 20-60 °, particularly preferably less than 45 ° and on the other hand with a lower pressure of the treatment air. Instead of node formation, only mixing and crossing of the filaments is desired. The air jet directed in the yarn running direction has a sufficiently intensive distribution and mixing function for the spin finish in the yarn duct. The spin finish is distributed much more evenly throughout the yarn by means of the swirling flow and the very intense movement of the filaments relative to each other by local spinning and rubbing movements of the filaments and, with the quite good bonding effect for the filaments of a yarn, gives a visibly more stable yarn path even at the currently highest transport speeds for the yarn. The said skipping was no longer found after the use of the new solution, so that the risk of yarn breakage can be significantly reduced. The treatment in the migration nozzle takes place in the context of the spinning process, preferably immediately after the preparation, at very high transport speeds of the yarn.

The migration nozzle has a continuous and in many applications extending in the thread running direction treatment channel with a directed in the transport direction compressed air supply into the yarn channel, which opens with a deviation from a vertical greater than 15 in the yarn channel. The migration nozzle is placed at a free distance immediately after a spin agent application device. The effective yarn channel length is preferably formed continuously widened with the smallest cross section in the region of the yarn feed and the largest cross section in the region of the yarn take-off from the yarn channel of the migration nozzle. The previous experiments have shown that good results are achieved when the ratio inlet cross section to outlet cross section is about 1: 2. The air supply leads in at the end of the first third of the treatment channel. Preferably, the migration nozzle has a threading slot over the length of the yarn channel. This is preferably arranged in the upper third of the Garnakanels in the parting plane between the nozzle plate and baffle plate. The migration nozzle can be designed as a simple, double or multiple nozzle.

Instead of migration, the same or a slightly modified nozzle can also be used for retaxation, where steam is needed instead of compressed air. Depending on the application, the nozzle can be closed or open. Nozzle can be used with threading slot.

It has been recognized by the inventors that a nozzle with connecting means will only be reliable if the nozzle withstands pressure, heat, steam or chemical substances. By means of the previous glue compounds not all practical problems could be solved satisfactorily. In addition, glue compounds can only be examined to the extent that they are already known in practice. However, a glue compound can not be determined in terms of its composition with regard to the attack of unknown, future-used chemicals, possibly combined with additional heat and moisture. In the new solution, the connecting means are preferably arranged in a common orientation, preferably in alignment with the yarn run. Surprisingly, it could be determined with a corresponding pin connection that, compared to the prior art, the entire nozzle body can be built much smaller, as it were in miniaturized form. Especially when using a double nozzle or multiple nozzles side by side, the pitch between two adjacent yarn runs is much smaller selectable than before. In some applications, this even has a repercussion on the size of the godet. On one and the same machine size Due to the possibility of miniaturization, thanks to the new connection, additional yarn runs can be provided and accordingly the overall performance of the machine can be increased. This means that the otherwise rather used in the watch technology fasteners on completely different levels brings unexpected benefits. The powerful cohesion of the parts can be ensured as in the prior art by a classic screw connection. The new solution is particularly advantageous when used as Verwirbelungsdüse and as a thermal treatment body and, as will be shown, as a migration nozzle ..

In accordance with the known swirling nozzles, the treatment medium is directed as precisely as possible to the longitudinal center axis of the yarn channel, but with a slope greater than 15 ° in the yarn transport direction. This produces uniform vortices on both sides but no nodes.

Brief description of the invention

die Figur 1

eine Präparation mit anschtiessender Migrationsdüse je im Schnitt;

die Figur 2a

die Migrationsdüse der Figur 1 in grösserem Massstab;

die Figur 2b

die Luftverwirbelströmung in dem Garnkanal;

die Figur 2c

eine einfache und

die Figur 2d

eine Doppelmigrationsdüse als offene Bauform mit Einfädelschlitz;

die Figuren 3a - 3c

eine optimale Verbindung einer geteilten Düse mit Passstiften;

die Figuren 4a

und 4b zeigen zwei Migrationsdüsen mit unterschiedlichem Öffnungswinkel β des Garnkanales;

die Figuren 5a - 5c

verschiedene Ausgestaltungen einer Migrationsdüse mit integrierter Präparationsmittelzuführung;

die Figur 6a

eine Vergrösserung von unbehandeltem Glattgarn;

die Figur 6b

Glattgarn mit Verkreuzungen der Filamente;

die Figur 6c

verwirbettes Garn mit zwei typischen Knoten mit Links- bzw. Rechtsdrehung;

die Figuren 7a - 7c

schematisch drei verschiedene Einsatzgebiete, sowohl einer Migrationsdüse wie einer Verwirbelungsdüse des Standes der Technik;

die Figuren 8a und 8b

zwei Einsatzbeispiele für POY-Garn;

die Figuren 9a -

9c drei Einsatzgebiete für FDY-Garn;

die Figur 10a

den Einsatz bei technischen Garnen;

die Figur 10b

den Einsatz für BCF-Garn.

In the following, the new solution will be explained with reference to several embodiments with further details. It shows in a strong enlargement:

the figure 1

a preparation with attaching migration nozzle on average;

Figure 2a

the migration nozzle of Figure 1 on a larger scale;

Figure 2b

the air swirling flow in the yarn duct;

Figure 2c

a simple and

Figure 2d

a Doppelmigrationsdüse open design with Einfädelschlitz;

Figures 3a - 3c

an optimal connection of a split nozzle with dowel pins;

FIGS. 4a

and Fig. 4b show two migration nozzles with different opening angle β of the yarn channel;

Figures 5a - 5c

various embodiments of a migration nozzle with integrated lubricant feed;

Figure 6a

an enlargement of untreated plain yarn;

Figure 6b

Plain yarn with interlacing filaments;

the figure 6c

stitched yarn with two typical knots with left and right turns;

Figures 7a - 7c

schematically three different applications, both a migration nozzle and a vortex nozzle of the prior art;

Figures 8a and 8b

two application examples for POY yarn;

Figures 9a -

9c three fields of application for FDY yarn;

the figure 10a

use in technical yarns;

Figure 10b

the use for BCF yarn.

Ways and execution of the invention

FIG. 1 shows a detail of a yarn treatment stage 1, wherein on the left the chemical preparation stage 2 and on the right the migration stage 3 are shown. The yarn 4 comes directly from a spinning process and is guided over a preparation device 5, which has a main body 17 in which a feed channel for the preparation agent CH.Pr is guided from below into the area of the thread run and ends with the so-called preparation lips 7. About the preparation lips 7 U-shaped two guide webs 8 are arranged, which guide the yarn 4 laterally over the preparation lips 7. The main body 17 preferably has a curved guide groove 9, such that the yarn path is forcibly guided over the point of contacting the yarn 4 with the preparation means CH.Pr. The order of the preparation agent CH.Pr on the yarn 4 is carried out in the manner of a Mitreisseffektes by sliding contact. Because the preparation CH.Pr in the feed channel 6 is under pressure only to the extent that a safe Nachfliessen is guaranteed, it is not possible to uniformly wet all the filaments of the yarn. The result is that the yarn 4 can not be homogeneously provided with the spin finish on the preparation lips 7. Depending on the nature of the preparation agent, the spin finish film, which is partly applied on one side, dries rapidly, so that the effectiveness remains reduced. It has been recognized by the inventors that, according to a first embodiment, this problem can be overcome by subjecting the yarn 4 to a more intense swirling air flow in a migration nozzle 10 at a distance FA shortly after preparation. A double vortex flow has proven to be optimal, which produces a good mixing of the preparation agent in the entire yarn composite and at the same time a crossing of the filaments in the yarn 4 '. In this case, swirling nodes (FIG. 6c) should be avoided. The yarn is opened by the double vortex flow and the individual filaments are slightly crossed against each other (see Figure 6b).

A migration nozzle 10 is again shown in section on a larger scale in FIG. 2a. The migration nozzle 10 is formed in two parts and consists of an upper cover plate or baffle plate 11 and a lower nozzle plate. 12 with the connection 13 for the treatment medium. From the port 13, the medium via a first bore 14 and a Druckmediumzuf ührkanal 15 is guided in the yarn channel 16. Important here is the blowing direction, which is designated by the angle α. The angle α must be greater than 10 ° to a vertical with respect to the Garnlauf in the yarn channel 16. According to previous experiments, the angle α should be even greater than about 15 °. The angular range of 15 ° - 60 ° still produces a double vortex, but at the same time a strong conveying effect in the yarn transport direction. As shown in Figure 2a, the mouth of the Druckmediumzuführkanales 15 is located approximately at the end of the first third of the Garnkanales 16, as can be seen from the measures X and Y. At the three sections marked by the dimension arrows (treatment channel beginning A, mouth of the air injection B and end of the treatment channel C), the free cross section of the yarn channel 16 in the yarn transport direction becomes increasingly larger. The size of the narrowest cross section depends on the denier of the yarn, as is already known with swirl nozzles. The area F3 is approximately twice as large as F1, depending on the angle, F2 proportionally proportional between the two values F1 and F3. In contrast to the preparation stage 2, in which a chemical preparation (ChPr) is supplied, the migration stage 3 works with a gaseous medium. It may be mere compressed air, heated air or steam, depending on the nature of the intended treatment. A free distance FA between the preparation device 5 and the migration nozzle 10 is of great advantage for the subsequent installation of a migration nozzle in existing plants. The gaseous medium used in the migration nozzle 10 should act at least predominantly in Gamtransportrichtung, such that as little as possible of the gaseous medium in the inlet region 20 of the yarn channel 16 blows back and thereby disturb the order of the chemical preparation agent CH.Pr. Wi previously mentioned, a relatively small pressure of the treatment gas is required for the migration, which is in many applications at about 0.3 to 1.5 bar. Preferably, the baffle 21 is formed as a flat surface, whereas the opposite side 22 (air injection side) is rounded. The channel width in the area of the nozzle plate KBD should be less than or equal to the channel width KBP in the impact plate, so that the individual filaments do not get caught on the transitions, in particular in the region of the threading slot 23, or cause no corresponding interference can. FIG. 2c shows a simple yarn treatment nozzle, FIG. 2d shows a double or double nozzle. In the figure 2d, the pitch T is drawn between two adjacent yarn runs. In many cases it is possible, instead of only a single Druckmediumzuführkanales 15 to provide two or more channels, which act analogously.

FIGS. 3a and 3b show a two-part migration nozzle 10 as a section of FIG. 3c. FIG. 3a is a section IIIa-IIIa of FIG. 3c, FIG. 3b is a section IIIb-IIIb of FIG. 3c. FIG. 3c is a section III-III of FIG. 3a. The migration nozzle 10 consists of a nozzle plate 11 and a cover plate 12. Both parts are rigidly connected by a screw 32 (Figure 3b). For the exact positioning, in particular as an assembly aid, the nozzle plate 11 and the cover plate 12 with two dowel pins 33, 33 'against displacement in a plane (in Figure 3b with X - X) secured according to arrow 34. The illustrated dowel pins 33, 33 'have a double function in the example shown. They are used in addition to the positioning of the nozzle plate and cover plate to each other and the local fixation of the entire migration nozzle 10 to a bracket 35, not shown. The dowel pins 33, 33 'are already mounted at the manufacturer in one of the nozzle parts. It is important that is not supported on a glue, weld or solder joint, but that the mechanical clamping means give the anchorage in the material of the air treatment body. A tension spring or a clamping ring 36 represents the mechanical clamping means. For the clamping ring 36, a relief shape approximately similar to the clamping means is attached following an insertion cone in the nozzle plate 11. An insertion cone facilitates automatic assembly of the dowel pins. The nozzle plate 11 has two fitting bores. The dowel pin can also be inserted by hand in a through hole 37 shown in dashed lines until the clamping ring 36 is present at the bottleneck of the insertion cone. The rest of the movement for the insertion of the dowel pin 33 can be done with a light punch, for example by means of rubber mallet, so that the tension spring 36 jumps into the relief grinding. When fully assembled, the dowel pin 33 protrudes on both sides. The counterpart to the nozzle plate 11 is the cover plate 12, which has at an identical distance corresponding to two axially parallel fitting holes. The assembly of both parts 11, 12 happens for the first time at the manufacturer. In user mode, for example, for a cleaning of the parts, after loosening the screw 32, the parts are taken apart in the axial direction of the dowel pins. Another major advantage of the proposed solution is that the subsequent recycling improved by the easy separability of the parts and each material is processed separately. This is also important because the yarn treatment nozzles are wearing parts.

Figures 3a and 3c show one possible form of yarn passage 16 for the treatment of yarn with compressed air or steam. With DL the location for a medium connection is marked, wherein the medium of eg 1 to 10 bar is introduced via a feed bore 15 in the yarn channel 16. The two dowel pins 33, 33 'are preferably arranged on a common straight line 42 (VE) together with the screw 32. As a result, the fit connection and the power connection is optimal and allows a particularly narrow pitch for the yarn run. The two main bodies of the migration nozzles are made of a highly wear-resistant and very costly material, in particular ceramic. The holes or seats for the clamping means can be standardized or automated produced in relation to the diameter and diameter ratios. The dowel pins, in contrast, can be used as low-cost deco-link parts in various lengths for the respective one. Application to be fabricated.

Figures 2b, 2c and 2c and 3a to 3c are also examples of a thermal treatment in one or two flow chambers, especially for the treatment of yarn with hot steam or hot air without immediately preceding preparation. Each flow chamber has a yarn inlet 38, a fermentation outlet 39 and in the middle region a medium supply opening 15. If the medium is hot steam, the yarn transport speeds that are very high today result in a disadvantage for the yarn that has been treated with preparations at some point before, for extremely aggressive conditions. The particularly interesting feature of the example shown is that the two flow chambers or steam chambers have a considerably large longitudinal dimension, which is dependent on the working process, or must be determined on a case-by-case basis. As can be seen from FIGS. 2b, 2c and 2d, the yarn treatment body has not just one, but two or more flow chambers. With the new design of the connecting means, the two chambers can be built particularly close together. If many parallel yarn runs are required, this is particularly advantageous because it allows the pitch T between two adjacent yarn runs to be made extremely small. The dowel and bolt connection is preferably mounted on a line 37 parallel to the yarn run and is resistant to spin finish agents. The medium supplied via the feed opening 15 can write the flow chamber via the yarn inlet 38 and the yarn outlet 39. If only a single treatment position is in use, the amount of media is still small and can flow into the room. However, if many steam positions are used in the same room, it must be collected and removed from the flow chamber, especially with hot steam. Advantageously, one or more positions are surrounded by a common media collection housing. In the thermal treatment, a beam effect should be avoided. The steam supply can also be done via several holes. It is important to avoid a strong beam effect by the thermal medium in the thermal treatment, be it hot air, hot steam or any hot medium mixture, which may also contain, for example, spin finish.

FIGS. 4a and 4b each show an example of different extension angles β of the yarn channel. The figure 4a shows a larger angle β2 with 5 - 10 °. Figure 4b an angle of less than 6 °.

In FIG. 5a, the possibility of a yarn channel which is constant in cross section is shown with two short parallel lines each. FIGS. 5a to 5c show the basic possibility of adding preparation agent Ch.Pr via a feed channel 6 in a migration nozzle. The spin finish Ch-Pr is fed via a fine bore 40 directly into the yarn channel 16. At the entry point, the spin finish can be applied by stripping directly to the running yarn, as in the case of the preparation lips. Since there is an enormous variety of different preparation agents, also in terms of consistency, the special preparation preparations must be adjusted in special cases. Another possibility is shown in FIG. 5c. Here, the spin finish is placed in the yarn channel 16 via the bore 40 in the pressure medium supply channel 15. As with the use of steam as the treatment medium, it may also be necessary in the solutions according to FIGS. 5a-5c to suck off the escaping air. For a more optimal mixing and application of the preparation agent one or more pockets 41 can be arranged in the area of the holes.

FIG. 6a shows a strong enlargement of a plain yarn 4, wherein the individual filaments run almost parallel in the yarn. The parallel bundling of the filaments has as a major disadvantage that, firstly, the thread composite is very loose and, secondly, it is easy for individual filaments to detach from the composite and to cause difficulties during processing. FIG. 6c shows, as a counterpart, a knotted yarn which was produced in a classic swirling nozzle. One recognizes a node at the top and bottom, where L represents a levorotatory node and R a dextrorotatory node. The knot connection is relatively stable, but can be resolved by means of strong and repeated jerky tugging on a piece of knotted yarn. The formation of knots requires a filament yarn. If the yarn already has half or weak knots, the actual knot formation is made difficult and deteriorated in a Verwirbelungsdüse. The yarn pattern between the knot yarn (Figure 6c) and the plain yarn (Figure 6a) is the new crossed yarn (Figure 6b). The individual filaments are slightly crossed against each other or, viewed differently, constantly mixed in a different constellation. The crossing gives a sufficient cohesion, so that in the immediately following processing, the composite can not solve. In particular, individual filaments can no longer be removed from the composite. The crossed yarn gives the subsequent processing exactly the required safety for transport or a possible winding or the special treatment stages, as will be explained below.

FIG. 7a schematically shows, from top to bottom, a spinning line for POY, FIG. 7b for FDY / FOY as a spinning draw line, and FIG. 7c for application to a spin draw texturing line BCF yarn comprising spinning 50, a migration stage 51, a drawing stage 52, a Texturierstufe 53 and a turbulence 54, and at the bottom has a winding 55. In FIG. 7a, the stretching and texturing step is missing, and in FIG. 7b, only texturing is missing with respect to FIG. 7c.

FIGS. 8a and 8b and FIGS. 9a to 9c show inserts of a migration stage 51 in various spinning processes, with 50 designating the so-called spinneret, or the spinning beam with adjoining spinning shaft and blowing, 2 the preparation step and 60 an automatic yarn cutting device. Before the winding stage 54 denotes the turbulence. 3 is the migration level and 55 is the wicket level. In FIGS. 8a and 8b, DrTw denotes "draw twisting" or DRW "draw winding", which subsequently follows. Figures 8a and 8b are for POY yarn, whereas Figures 9a to 9c represent an application for FDY yarn. HEAT marks the places where heat is applied.

FIG. 10 a shows a process of technical yarn and in FIG. 10 b a BCF process.

Reference numeral 60 is bracketed in Figures 8a, 8b, 9a-9c, 10a, 10b. This is intended to express that the concrete use of a migration nozzle alone or in combination with a preparation stage or as a third possibility of using a combined nozzle, for example according to the figures 5a - 5c, is possible.

For the design of the cross-sectional shapes, the possibilities, e.g. according to EP-PS 564 400, EP-PS 465 407 or US-PS 5 010 631, incorporated by reference.

Claims (15)

1. Migration method by treating filament yam in a yam channel 16 of a nozzle with the supply of a blowing medium into the yarn channel 16, characterised in that the blowing medium is introduced into the yam channel 16 in the direction of the yam travel and at an introduction angle α of more than 15°, but less than 45° from a direction perpendicular to the yarn travel, the filaments of the prepared yam 4, 4' are thoroughly mixed without producing knots, and are slightly crossed.
2. Migration method according to claim 1, characterised in that the nozzle is positioned with a clear spacing directly downstream of a device for applying lubricants, in particular preparation lips 7.
3. Migration method according to either claim 1 or claim 2, characterised in that the lubricant is added to the travelling yam 4, 4' directly into the yam channel 16 before or after the introduction of the blowing medium.
4. Migration method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the lubricant is introduced into the supply of blowing medium directly upon entry into the yam channel 16 or into the supply channel of the blowing air.
5. Migration method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the blowing medium in the form of compressed air having a pressure of less than 6 bar is introduced upstream of the longitudinal centre of the yarn channel 16, preferably in the first third, and is aimed at the centre line of the yarn channel 16.
6. Migration method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the flow of blowing medium is produced with compressed air at a pressure of less than 1.5 bar and the introduction angle into the yam channel 16 is from 15° to 30°.
7. Migration method according to claim 1, characterised in that the flow of blowing medium is produced with steam having a pressure of from 4 to 10 bar and the introduction angle into the yam channel 16 is from 25° to 45°.
8. Migration method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the treatment is carried out in the course of a filament spinning process at correspondingly high transport speeds of the yam 4.
9. Migration apparatus for treating prepared filament yam, characterised in that the apparatus is configured as a migration nozzle 10 with a compressed medium supply channel 15 which is oriented in the direction of the yam travel and is directed into the yarn channel 16 at an angle α of more than 15°, but less than 45° from a direction perpendicular to the yam travel direction or to the longitudinal centre axis of the yam channel 16.
10. Migration apparatus according to claim 9, characterised in that the yam channel preferably widens approximately constantly over its effective length by 0° to 10°, preferably by 1° to 6° in the direction of yam travel.
11. Migration apparatus according to either claim 9 or claim 10, characterised in that the migration nozzle 10 is configured in two parts as a nozzle plate 12 and a baffle plate 11 and over the length of the yam channel 16 has a threading slot 23 which is preferably positioned in the plane of separation between the nozzle plate 12 and the baffle plate 11.
12. Migration apparatus according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterised in that the migration nozzle 10 is provided as a single or multiple nozzle.
13. Apparatus according to any one of claims 9 to 12, characterised in that the migration nozzle 10 comprises a feed hole 40 for lubricant, directly in the yarn channel 16 or in the compressed air supply channel 15.
14. Apparatus according to any one of claims 9 to 13, characterised in that the yarn channel 16 comprises one or more pockets 41 for the lubricant, which pocket(s) is/are positioned on the side opposite the opening of the feed hole 40 for the lubricant.
15. Use of the apparatus for a thorough mixing and uniform distribution of lubricant onto filament yarn, wherein the filaments are joined to form a slightly crossed, but knot-free yam 4 and the lubricant is distributed simultaneously and optimally over the complete yam 4.

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