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EP1146176A1 - Reservoir structure - Google Patents

Reservoir structure Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1146176A1
EP1146176A1 EP01400905A EP01400905A EP1146176A1 EP 1146176 A1 EP1146176 A1 EP 1146176A1 EP 01400905 A EP01400905 A EP 01400905A EP 01400905 A EP01400905 A EP 01400905A EP 1146176 A1 EP1146176 A1 EP 1146176A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
elements
structure according
tank structure
layer
hollow
Prior art date
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Granted
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EP01400905A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1146176B1 (en
Inventor
Gérard G. Degas
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Centre D'etudes Et De Recherches Del'industrie Du
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CENTRE D'ETUDES ET DE RECHERCHES DE L'INDUSTRIE DU BETON MANUFACTURE
CT D ETUDES ET DE RECH S DE BR
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Publication of EP1146176A1 publication Critical patent/EP1146176A1/en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03FSEWERS; CESSPOOLS
    • E03F1/00Methods, systems, or installations for draining-off sewage or storm water
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02BHYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B11/00Drainage of soil, e.g. for agricultural purposes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of town planning and rainwater sanitation and more particularly concerns a reservoir structure intended in particular for the realization of tank pavements in Urban.
  • a water retention tank constituted by a set of parallelepipedal plastic blocks (e.g. polypropylene or any other equivalent thermoplastic) a honeycomb honeycomb structure which can be arranged under green spaces or areas subject to low permanent loads (playgrounds or sports complexes for example) or even under urban roads subject to very low traffic.
  • a honeycomb honeycomb structure which can be arranged under green spaces or areas subject to low permanent loads (playgrounds or sports complexes for example) or even under urban roads subject to very low traffic.
  • this structure proves unsuitable for use under heavy pavements traffic subject to significant loads and for which the use of a such a structure could only be done under a foundation layer important.
  • it has manufacturing and installation costs. relatively high works.
  • a reservoir structure intended for storage and withholding rainwater flows and comprising a set hollow concrete elements arranged in bulk, randomly, so as to have a vacuum index greater than 50%.
  • these hollow concrete elements are elements each having a volume not exceeding 1 dm 3 . They can have a prismatic or cylindrical shape, and a compressive strength of between 30 and 65 MPa.
  • the concrete forming these hollow elements is based on cement, with or without fibers (for example polypropylene), or based on resin.
  • said set of elements hollow concrete is covered by a leveling layer formed of a rough coarse aggregate size between 20 and 50 mm.
  • This leveling layer and the set of hollow concrete elements are surrounded by a geotextile to protect them from intrusions of fine elements.
  • the present invention also relates to an urban roadway or any other buried or open-air structure comprising such a reservoir structure, whether it's parking lots, infiltration wells, or even storage ditches.
  • Figure 1 schematically illustrates a tank structure according to the invention implemented on an urban pavement.
  • This roadway 20 comprises, from its upper surface to lower level of the soil, a layer 22 of porous coating, such as a draining mix or a set of permeable concrete pavers, constituting the track for vehicles, a surface layer of form 23 (also called a laying bed) a few centimeters thick (typically 3 to 5 cm) consisting for example of a layer of sand or very small gravel, an equalization layer 24 formed gravel coarse (ie removed from its finest constituents) about a few centimeters thick and having a dimension of aggregates between 20 and 50 mm, and a storage area (layer of retention 26) constituting the reservoir structure itself and comprising a special type of honeycomb products formed from concrete elements.
  • a geotextile 28 surrounds the porous material 26 and the leveling layer 24 to prevent any intrusion of fine elements of the soil 30, the layer of form or lateral embankments and reinforce the cohesion of the whole.
  • FIG. 2 A second example of construction of an urban roadway provided of a tank structure according to the invention is illustrated in FIG. 2.
  • This roadway 40 has, as before, a layer 42 of coating constituting the track for vehicles, a equalization layer 44 and a retention layer 46 forming the reservoir structure.
  • the coating layer 42 is an impermeable layer formed of a compact coating. Since then, rainwater flows can no longer flow to the ground 30 through of the covering 42, it is provided on each side of the channel path and gullies 52 allowing water infiltration to the retention layer 46. This infiltration will preferably be carried out in multiple injection points, possibly extended by a network of drains ensuring the distribution of water in the structure.
  • the ground 30 and the side embankments 50 are covered with a waterproof geomembrane 54 constituting a reservoir waterproof which prevents any natural infiltration in the ground, the evacuation of the water then being carried out by means of drainage drains 56 placed on the soil in the lower part of the structure (at the bottom of the tank), and for example on either side of the retention layer 46.
  • drainage drains 56 placed on the soil in the lower part of the structure (at the bottom of the tank), and for example on either side of the retention layer 46.
  • These drains can be connected downstream to a collection manhole (not shown) equipped with a debit regulator.
  • Purification devices not shown basic, settling mouth, siphoid device, laminar settling tank
  • the two aforementioned examples are in no way limiting and roadways or any other urban works (parking lots, sports grounds, school and university grounds, etc., including surface structures such as infiltration wells or ditches storage), integrating the tank structure of the invention and combining the water supply and drainage solutions adopted in these two achievements are also possible.
  • the choice of these different solutions will depend in particular on the nature of the soil, i.e. on its natural permeability and its bearing capacity in the presence of water. The risks of pollution of groundwater must also be taken into account during this choice.
  • complementary devices such as venting and non-return valves, will, in some cases and as it is known, to be set up at the level of the roadway.
  • the retention layer 26, 46 forming the actual reservoir structure consists, over a thickness of at least 20 cm (the thickness will depend on the volume of water to be stored), multiple concrete elements, identical or not, distributed randomly so as to form a compact unit with a high porosity greater than 50%, typically from 50% to 60%, i.e. a retention of 500 to 600 liters of water per m 3 , much greater than that obtained with a simple ordinary coarse grave layer for which this porosity, also called vacuum index, is close to 35%.
  • Each element is in the form of a small prismatic or cylindrical hollow element in concrete based on cement or resin having an average resistance to compression between 30 and 65 MPa.
  • the constituent concrete may or may not be cavernous and may or may not be provided with fibers (for example polypropylene).
  • this element has a volume ⁇ 1 dm 3 with dimensions between 40 and 100 mm, for its height and its external dimension, and between 20 and 60 mm for its internal dimension.
  • FIG. 3 shows a first example of concrete element 60 having a hollow structure with circular section (cylindrical structure)
  • FIG. 4 shows a second example of concrete element 62 having a hollow structure with polygonal section, in particular hexagonal (structure prismatic right).
  • the operation of the reservoir structure is as follows. During heavy precipitation, rainwater will be drained to the tank structure 26, 46 through the coating 22 or by means of gutters or gullies 52. These waters will gradually fill this structure by filling the existing void (expelling the air that was there) between the multiple elements of concrete and within these elements themselves, thus storing the accumulated water. When the rain stops and the runoff has stopped, the structure will gradually empty up complete emptying. The leakage rate will be conditioned either by the capacity infiltration of natural soil 30 either by a downstream regulation device (not represented).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
  • Sewage (AREA)
  • Table Devices Or Equipment (AREA)
  • Control Of Vehicles With Linear Motors And Vehicles That Are Magnetically Levitated (AREA)

Abstract

A reservoir is lined with a geotextile material (28) and filled with hollow concrete blocks (26) in random positions. The upper surface layer, e.g. a road surface (20) can be porous or have side drains to channel rainwater into the reservoir.

Description

Domaine de la techniqueTechnical area

La présente invention se rapporte au domaine de l'urbanisme et de l'assainissement pluvial et elle concerne plus particulièrement une structure-réservoir destinée notamment à la réalisation de chaussées réservoir en milieu urbain.The present invention relates to the field of town planning and rainwater sanitation and more particularly concerns a reservoir structure intended in particular for the realization of tank pavements in Urban.

Art antérieurPrior art

Comme il est connu, l'urbanisation croissante depuis les années 1950 a eu de graves conséquences en matière d'assainissement pluvial, notamment du fait de l'imperméabilisation des surfaces de sol. En effet, ces surfaces, étanches pour la plupart (par exemple les parcs de stationnement, les trottoirs, les chaussées, les aéroports, etc.), ne permettent pas une infiltration des eaux de pluies qui sont donc amenées à ruisseler vers les réseaux d'évacuation des eaux usées. Or, la plupart des réseaux actuels ne sont pas dimensionnés dans ces conditions pour assurer une évacuation correcte en cas de fortes pluies d'orage et encore moins en cas de tempête ou d'ouragan, d'où la fréquence et l'ampleur des inondations urbaines récentes.As it is known, the increasing urbanization since the 1950s had serious consequences in terms of rainwater sanitation, especially due to the waterproofing of floor surfaces. Indeed, these surfaces, mostly waterproof (e.g. parking lots, sidewalks, roadways, airports, etc.), do not allow infiltration of rainwater which is therefore caused to run towards the sewage disposal networks. However, most of the current networks do not are not sized under these conditions to ensure evacuation correct in case of heavy thunderstorms and even less in case of storm or hurricane, hence the frequency and extent of urban flooding recent.

Une solution à ce problème consisterait en une extension de capacité des réseaux pluviaux au centre des villes, notamment par la création de bassins de retenue de taille conséquente. Toutefois, l'urbanisation actuelle interdit en pratique le recours à une telle solution du fait de l'absence d'espace disponible pour mettre en place ces « bassins d'orage » comme de celui du coût des travaux à entreprendre.One solution to this problem would be to increase capacity rain networks in the center of cities, in particular through the creation of sizeable retention basins. However, the current urbanization prohibits in practice the use of such a solution due to the absence of space available to set up these "storm basins" as that of the cost of the work to be undertaken.

Aussi, il a été proposé par exemple par la demande de brevet française N° 2 682 410 un réservoir de retenue d'eau constitué par un ensemble de blocs parallélépipèdiques en matière plastique (par exemple du polypropylène ou tout autre matière thermoplastique équivalente) formant une structure alvéolaire en nid d'abeilles et qui peut être disposé sous des espaces verts ou des zones soumises à de faibles charges permanentes (cours de récréation ou complexes sportifs par exemple) voire sous des chaussées urbaines soumises à un très faible trafic. En effet, du fait des propriétés mécaniques limitées de ces matériaux thermoplastiques, cette structure s'avère mal adaptée à une utilisation sous les chaussées à fort trafic soumises à des charges importantes et pour lesquelles l'emploi d'une telle structure ne pourrait se faire que sous une couche de fondation importante. En outre, elle présente des coûts de fabrication et de mise en oeuvre relativement élevés.Also, it was proposed for example by the patent application French N ° 2 682 410 a water retention tank constituted by a set of parallelepipedal plastic blocks (e.g. polypropylene or any other equivalent thermoplastic) a honeycomb honeycomb structure which can be arranged under green spaces or areas subject to low permanent loads (playgrounds or sports complexes for example) or even under urban roads subject to very low traffic. Indeed, because of limited mechanical properties of these thermoplastic materials, this structure proves unsuitable for use under heavy pavements traffic subject to significant loads and for which the use of a such a structure could only be done under a foundation layer important. In addition, it has manufacturing and installation costs. relatively high works.

Pour ce type de chaussée, on a donc plutôt recours à la structure-réservoir de la figure 5 constituée d'une couche épaisse de matériaux poreux 10 et qui assure à la fois une fonction de recueil des eaux de pluie par sa surface supérieure 12 formée d'un revêtement drainant, une fonction de rétention des eaux par une couche de grave grossière 14 reposant sur un géotextile 16, et une fonction d'évacuation de ces eaux soit par une infiltration naturelle au travers d'un sol 18 relativement perméable mais de portance suffisante au regard du trafic prévisible soit dans un réseau existant à débit contrôlé (non représenté).For this type of roadway, we therefore rather use the reservoir structure of Figure 5 consisting of a thick layer of materials porous 10 and which provides both a rainwater harvesting function by its upper surface 12 formed of a draining coating, a function of water retention by a layer of coarse gravel 14 resting on a geotextile 16, and a function of evacuation of these waters either by a natural infiltration through relatively permeable soil 18 but of sufficient bearing capacity with regard to foreseeable traffic either in an existing network with controlled flow (not shown).

Malheureusement, ce type de structure-réservoir qui présente l'intérêt d'être moins coûteuse, souffre de l'inconvénient de présenter des propriétés hydrauliques relativement limitées en matière de rétention d'eau (en moyenne 1 m3 de grave grossière permet un stockage de 350 litres d'eau soit un indice de vide utile de 35%).Unfortunately, this type of tank structure which has the advantage of being less expensive, suffers from the drawback of having relatively limited hydraulic properties in terms of water retention (on average 1 m 3 of coarse gravel allows storage 350 liters of water, i.e. a useful vacuum index of 35%).

Définition et objet de l'inventionDefinition and object of the invention

La présente invention a pour but de pallier ces inconvénients en proposant une structure-réservoir particulièrement adaptée aux chaussées urbaines et permettant un volume plus important de stockage et de rétention d'eau. Un autre but de l'invention est de proposer une telle structure à un coût de fabrication raisonnable.The object of the present invention is to overcome these drawbacks by offering a tank structure particularly suitable for roadways urban and allowing a larger volume of storage and retention of water. Another object of the invention is to propose such a structure to a reasonable manufacturing cost.

Ces buts sont atteints par une structure-réservoir destinée au stockage et à la retenue des écoulements pluviaux et comprenant un ensemble d'éléments creux en béton disposés en vrac, de façon aléatoire, de manière à présenter un indice de vide supérieur à 50%.These goals are achieved by a reservoir structure intended for storage and withholding rainwater flows and comprising a set hollow concrete elements arranged in bulk, randomly, so as to have a vacuum index greater than 50%.

De préférence, ces éléments creux en béton sont des éléments ayant chacun un volume n'excédant pas 1 dm3. Ils peuvent présenter une forme prismatique ou cylindrique, et une résistance à la compression comprise entre 30 et 65 MPa. Avantageusement, le béton formant ces éléments creux est à base de ciment, muni ou non de fibres (par exemple en polypropylène), ou à base de résine.Preferably, these hollow concrete elements are elements each having a volume not exceeding 1 dm 3 . They can have a prismatic or cylindrical shape, and a compressive strength of between 30 and 65 MPa. Advantageously, the concrete forming these hollow elements is based on cement, with or without fibers (for example polypropylene), or based on resin.

Selon un mode de réalisation avantageux, ledit ensemble d'éléments creux en béton est recouvert par une couche d'égalisation formée d'une grave grossière de dimension de granulats comprise entre 20 et 50 mm. Cette couche d'égalisation et l'ensemble d'éléments creux en béton sont entourés par un géotextile pour notamment les protéger des intrusions d'éléments fins.According to an advantageous embodiment, said set of elements hollow concrete is covered by a leveling layer formed of a rough coarse aggregate size between 20 and 50 mm. This leveling layer and the set of hollow concrete elements are surrounded by a geotextile to protect them from intrusions of fine elements.

La présente invention concerne également une chaussée urbaine ou tout autre ouvrage enterré ou à ciel ouvert comportant une telle structure-réservoir, qu'il s'agissent de parcs de stationnement, de puits d'infiltration, ou encore de fossés de stockage.The present invention also relates to an urban roadway or any other buried or open-air structure comprising such a reservoir structure, whether it's parking lots, infiltration wells, or even storage ditches.

Brève description des dessinsBrief description of the drawings

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention ressortiront mieux de la description suivante, faite à titre indicatif et non limitatif, en regard des dessins annexés, sur lesquels:

  • la figure 1 montre en coupe transversale un premier exemple de réalisation d'une chaussée munie d'une structure-réservoir selon l'invention,
  • la figure 2 montre en coupe transversale un second exemple de réalisation d'une chaussée munie d'une structure-réservoir selon l'invention,
  • les figures 3 et 4 montrent deux exemples des multiples éléments constituant la structure-réservoir des figures 1 et 2, et
  • la figure 5 représente une chaussée munie d'une structure-réservoir à couche de grave grossière de type connu.
Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will emerge more clearly from the following description, given by way of non-limiting illustration, with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
  • FIG. 1 shows in cross section a first embodiment of a carriageway provided with a reservoir structure according to the invention,
  • FIG. 2 shows in cross section a second embodiment of a roadway provided with a reservoir structure according to the invention,
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 show two examples of the multiple elements constituting the reservoir structure of FIGS. 1 and 2, and
  • FIG. 5 represents a roadway provided with a tank structure with a coarse gravel layer of known type.

Description d'un mode de réalisation préférentiel de l'inventionDescription of a preferred embodiment of the invention

La figure 1 illustre de façon schématique une structure-réservoir selon l'invention mise en oeuvre au niveau d'une chaussée urbaine.Figure 1 schematically illustrates a tank structure according to the invention implemented on an urban pavement.

Cette chaussée 20 comporte, depuis sa surface supérieure jusqu'au niveau inférieur du sol, une couche 22 de revêtement poreux, comme un enrobé drainant ou un ensemble de pavés de béton perméables, constituant la voie de roulement pour les véhicules, une couche superficielle de forme 23 (appelée aussi lit de pose) de quelques centimètres d'épaisseur (typiquement de 3 à 5 cm) constituée par exemple d'une couche de sable ou de gravillons de très petites dimensions, une couche d'égalisation 24 formée de grave grossière (c'est à dire expurgée de ses constituants les plus fins) d'environ quelques centimètres d'épaisseur et ayant une dimension de granulats comprise entre 20 et 50 mm, et une zone de stockage (couche de rétention 26) constituant la structure-réservoir elle même et comportant un type particulier de produits alvéolés formés d'éléments de béton. Un géotextile 28 entoure le matériau poreux 26 et la couche d'égalisation 24 pour interdire toutes intrusions d'éléments fins du sol 30, de la couche de forme ou des remblais latéraux et renforcer la cohésion de l'ensemble.This roadway 20 comprises, from its upper surface to lower level of the soil, a layer 22 of porous coating, such as a draining mix or a set of permeable concrete pavers, constituting the track for vehicles, a surface layer of form 23 (also called a laying bed) a few centimeters thick (typically 3 to 5 cm) consisting for example of a layer of sand or very small gravel, an equalization layer 24 formed gravel coarse (ie removed from its finest constituents) about a few centimeters thick and having a dimension of aggregates between 20 and 50 mm, and a storage area (layer of retention 26) constituting the reservoir structure itself and comprising a special type of honeycomb products formed from concrete elements. A geotextile 28 surrounds the porous material 26 and the leveling layer 24 to prevent any intrusion of fine elements of the soil 30, the layer of form or lateral embankments and reinforce the cohesion of the whole.

Un second exemple de réalisation d'une chaussée urbaine munie d'une structure-réservoir selon l'invention est illustré à la figure 2.A second example of construction of an urban roadway provided of a tank structure according to the invention is illustrated in FIG. 2.

Cette chaussée 40 comporte, comme précédemment, une couche 42 de revêtement constituant la voie de roulement pour les véhicules, une couche d'égalisation 44 et une couche de rétention 46 formant la structure-réservoir. Toutefois, dans cette seconde réalisation, la couche de revêtement 42 est une couche imperméable formée d'un revêtement compact. Dès lors, les écoulements pluviaux ne pouvant plus s'écouler vers le sol 30 au travers du revêtement 42, il est prévu de chaque coté de la voie des caniveaux et des bouches avaloirs 52 permettant une infiltration de l'eau jusqu'à la couche de rétention 46. Cette infiltration sera effectuée de préférence en de multiples points d'injection, éventuellement prolongés par un réseau de drains assurant la répartition de l'eau dans la structure. De plus, dans cet exemple de réalisation, le sol 30 ainsi que les remblais latéraux 50 sont recouverts d'une géomembrane imperméable 54 constituant un réservoir étanche qui interdit toute infiltration naturelle dans le sol, l'évacuation de l'eau étant alors effectuée au moyen de drains d'évacuation 56 placés sur le sol en partie basse de la structure (en fond de réservoir), et par exemple de part et d'autre de la couche de rétention 46. Ces drains peuvent être connectés à l'aval à un regard de collecte (non représenté) équipé d'un régulateur de débit. Des dispositifs d'épuration non représentés (panier, bouche à décantation, dispositif siphoïde, décanteur laminaire) seront évidemment aussi prévus au droit des bouches avaloirs pour limiter les entrées de toutes pollutions dans la structure. This roadway 40 has, as before, a layer 42 of coating constituting the track for vehicles, a equalization layer 44 and a retention layer 46 forming the reservoir structure. However, in this second embodiment, the coating layer 42 is an impermeable layer formed of a compact coating. Since then, rainwater flows can no longer flow to the ground 30 through of the covering 42, it is provided on each side of the channel path and gullies 52 allowing water infiltration to the retention layer 46. This infiltration will preferably be carried out in multiple injection points, possibly extended by a network of drains ensuring the distribution of water in the structure. In addition, in this exemplary embodiment, the ground 30 and the side embankments 50 are covered with a waterproof geomembrane 54 constituting a reservoir waterproof which prevents any natural infiltration in the ground, the evacuation of the water then being carried out by means of drainage drains 56 placed on the soil in the lower part of the structure (at the bottom of the tank), and for example on either side of the retention layer 46. These drains can be connected downstream to a collection manhole (not shown) equipped with a debit regulator. Purification devices not shown (basket, settling mouth, siphoid device, laminar settling tank) obviously also provided at the right of the gullies to limit the entry of all pollution into the structure.

Bien entendu, les deux exemples précités ne sont nullement limitatifs et des chaussées ou tous autres ouvrages urbains (parcs de stationnement, terrains de sports, enceintes des écoles et des universités, etc., y compris des ouvrages à ciel ouvert tels que des puits d'infiltration ou des fossés de stockage), intégrant la structure-réservoir de l'invention et combinant les solutions d'amenée et d'évacuation de d'eau adoptées dans ces deux réalisations sont aussi envisageables. En fait, le choix de ces différentes solutions dépendra notamment de la nature du sol, c'est à dire de sa perméabilité naturelle et de sa portance en présence d'eau. Les risques de pollution de nappes phréatiques devront aussi être pris en compte lors de ce choix. De même, des dispositifs complémentaires comme des systèmes de mise à l'air et des clapets anti-retour, devront, dans certains cas et comme il est connu, être mis en place au niveau de la chaussée.Of course, the two aforementioned examples are in no way limiting and roadways or any other urban works (parking lots, sports grounds, school and university grounds, etc., including surface structures such as infiltration wells or ditches storage), integrating the tank structure of the invention and combining the water supply and drainage solutions adopted in these two achievements are also possible. In fact, the choice of these different solutions will depend in particular on the nature of the soil, i.e. on its natural permeability and its bearing capacity in the presence of water. The risks of pollution of groundwater must also be taken into account during this choice. Likewise, complementary devices such as venting and non-return valves, will, in some cases and as it is known, to be set up at the level of the roadway.

La couche de rétention 26, 46 formant la structure-réservoir proprement dite est constituée, sur une épaisseur d'au moins 20 cm (l'épaisseur dépendra du volume d'eau à stocker), de multiples éléments en béton, identiques ou non, répartis de façon aléatoire de façon à former un ensemble compact avec une porosité élevée supérieure à 50%, typiquement de 50% à 60% soit une rétention de 500 à 600 litres d'eau par m3, bien supérieure à celle obtenue avec une simple couche de grave grossière ordinaire pour laquelle cette porosité dite aussi indice de vide est proche de 35%.The retention layer 26, 46 forming the actual reservoir structure consists, over a thickness of at least 20 cm (the thickness will depend on the volume of water to be stored), multiple concrete elements, identical or not, distributed randomly so as to form a compact unit with a high porosity greater than 50%, typically from 50% to 60%, i.e. a retention of 500 to 600 liters of water per m 3 , much greater than that obtained with a simple ordinary coarse grave layer for which this porosity, also called vacuum index, is close to 35%.

Chaque élément se présente sous la forme d'un élément creux prismatique ou cylindrique de petite dimension en béton à base de ciment ou de résine présentant une résistance moyenne à la compression comprise entre 30 et 65 MPa. Selon son utilisation, le béton constitutif peut être caverneux ou non et muni ou non de fibres (par exemple de polypropylène). Avantageusement, cet élément présente un volume ≤ 1dm3 avec des dimensions comprises entre 40 et 100 mm, pour sa hauteur et sa dimension extérieure, et entre 20 et 60mm pour sa dimension intérieure. La figure 3 montre un premier exemple d'élément en béton 60 présentant une structure creuse à section circulaire (structure cylindrique) et la figure 4 montre un second exemple d'élément en béton 62 présentant une structure creuse à section polygonale, notamment hexagonale (structure prismatique droite). Each element is in the form of a small prismatic or cylindrical hollow element in concrete based on cement or resin having an average resistance to compression between 30 and 65 MPa. Depending on its use, the constituent concrete may or may not be cavernous and may or may not be provided with fibers (for example polypropylene). Advantageously, this element has a volume ≤ 1 dm 3 with dimensions between 40 and 100 mm, for its height and its external dimension, and between 20 and 60 mm for its internal dimension. FIG. 3 shows a first example of concrete element 60 having a hollow structure with circular section (cylindrical structure) and FIG. 4 shows a second example of concrete element 62 having a hollow structure with polygonal section, in particular hexagonal (structure prismatic right).

Le fonctionnement de la structure-réservoir est le suivant. Lors de violentes précipitations, les eaux pluviales vont être drainées vers la structure-réservoir 26, 46 au travers du revêtement 22 ou au moyen des caniveaux ou bouches avaloirs 52. Ces eaux vont remplir progressivement cette structure en comblant le vide existant (chassant l'air qui s'y trouvait) entre les multiples éléments de béton et dans ces éléments eux mêmes, stockant ainsi l'eau accumulée.. Lorsque la pluie s'arrête et que le ruissellement a cessé, la structure va se vider progressivement jusqu'à complète vidange. Le débit de fuite sera conditionné soit par la capacité d'infiltration du sol naturel 30 soit par un dispositif de régulation aval (non représenté).The operation of the reservoir structure is as follows. During heavy precipitation, rainwater will be drained to the tank structure 26, 46 through the coating 22 or by means of gutters or gullies 52. These waters will gradually fill this structure by filling the existing void (expelling the air that was there) between the multiple elements of concrete and within these elements themselves, thus storing the accumulated water. When the rain stops and the runoff has stopped, the structure will gradually empty up complete emptying. The leakage rate will be conditioned either by the capacity infiltration of natural soil 30 either by a downstream regulation device (not represented).

Ainsi, avec la présente invention, il est maintenant possible de s'affranchir des crues en zones urbaines particulièrement destructrices avec un coût raisonnable pour la collectivité. En effet, les éléments en béton peuvent être fabriqués industriellement à faible coût, au contraire des structures alvéolaires en matériau thermoplastique, et leur propriétés mécaniques sont beaucoup plus importantes que celles possibles avec ces structures en nid d'abeilles, autorisant ainsi des charges répétées pouvant aller jusqu'à 100kN (supérieure à la charge limite par essieu de 65kN autorisée sur les axes routiers français par exemple).Thus, with the present invention, it is now possible to overcoming floods in particularly destructive urban areas with reasonable cost to the community. Concrete elements can be manufactured industrially at low cost, unlike cellular structures in thermoplastic material, and their properties mechanical are much more important than those possible with these honeycomb structures, allowing repeated loading that can go up to 100kN (greater than the limit axle load of 65kN authorized on French highways for example).

Claims (8)

Structure-réservoir destinée au stockage et à la retenue des écoulements pluviaux, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend un ensemble (26, 46) d'éléments creux en béton (60, 62) disposés en vrac, de façon aléatoire, de manière à présenter une porosité (dite aussi indice de vide) supérieure à 50%.Reservoir structure for the storage and retention of rainwater flows, characterized in that it comprises a set (26, 46) of hollow concrete elements (60, 62) arranged in bulk, in a random manner, so as to have a porosity (also called vacuum index) greater than 50%. Structure-réservoir selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que lesdits éléments creux en béton sont des éléments ayant chacun un volume n'excédant pas 1 dm3.Tank structure according to claim 1, characterized in that said hollow concrete elements are elements each having a volume not exceeding 1 dm 3 . Structure-réservoir selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que lesdits éléments creux en béton présentent chacun une forme prismatique (62) ou cylindrique (60).Tank structure according to claim 1, characterized in that said hollow concrete elements each have a prismatic (62) or cylindrical (60) shape. Structure-réservoir selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que lesdits éléments en béton présentent chacun une résistance à la compression comprise entre 30 et 65 MPa.Tank structure according to claim 1, characterized in that said concrete elements each have a compressive strength of between 30 and 65 MPa. Structure-réservoir selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que le béton formant lesdits éléments creux est à base de ciment, muni ou non de fibres (par exemple en polypropylène), ou à base de résine.Tank structure according to claim 4, characterized in that the concrete forming said hollow elements is based on cement, whether or not provided with fibers (for example polypropylene), or based on resin. Structure-réservoir selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que ledit ensemble d'éléments creux en béton est recouvert par une couche d'égalisation (24, 44) formée d'une grave grossière de dimension de granulats comprise entre 20 et 50 mm.Reservoir structure according to claim 1, characterized in that said set of hollow concrete elements is covered by an equalization layer (24, 44) formed of a coarse gravel of aggregate size between 20 and 50 mm. Structure-réservoir selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en que ladite couche d'égalisation et ledit ensemble d'éléments creux en béton sont entourés par un géotextile (28) pour notamment les protéger des intrusions d'éléments fins.Tank structure according to claim 6, characterized in that said leveling layer and said set of hollow concrete elements are surrounded by a geotextile (28) in particular to protect them from the intrusion of fine elements. Ouvrage urbain, notamment une chaussée urbaine, comportant une structure-réservoir selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7.Urban structure, in particular an urban carriageway, comprising a tank structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
EP01400905A 2000-04-11 2001-04-09 Reservoir structure Expired - Lifetime EP1146176B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0004611A FR2807458B1 (en) 2000-04-11 2000-04-11 STRUCTURE-TANK
FR0004611 2000-04-11

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EP1146176B1 EP1146176B1 (en) 2005-06-15

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GB2396378A (en) * 2002-12-21 2004-06-23 Carnell Contractors Ltd Drainage system
RU2244786C1 (en) * 2003-12-24 2005-01-20 Степкин Андрей Андреевич Method and device for treated sewage water utilization
CN1330831C (en) * 2005-07-07 2007-08-08 上海交通大学 landscape integrated intermittent wet-land rainwater reuse method
US8028713B2 (en) * 2004-06-25 2011-10-04 Totetu Mfg. Co. Ltd. Underground water storage tank
US10899633B1 (en) * 2020-01-02 2021-01-26 The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Modular porous swale filtration system
US12297126B1 (en) 2020-01-02 2025-05-13 The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Modular porous swale

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CN105926709B (en) * 2016-06-27 2018-02-09 苏州金螳螂园林绿化景观有限公司 It is multi-functional to store row's Rain Garden system
FR3078084B1 (en) * 2018-02-19 2022-10-14 Guy Monteux BURIED RAINWATER RETENTION BASIN SYSTEM, CONSISTING OF SMALL HOLLOW PIECES OF PLASTIC MATERIAL ARRANGED IN BULK

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FR2642774A1 (en) * 1989-02-07 1990-08-10 Const Indles Rationnelle Covering for absorbing and storing rainwater
FR2682410A1 (en) * 1991-10-11 1993-04-16 Hamon Ind Thermique WATER RETENTION TANK STRUCTURE.
GB2294077A (en) * 1994-10-14 1996-04-17 Univ Coventry Paving system for spillage and flood management
DE19834857A1 (en) * 1998-08-01 2000-02-17 Gilbert Goehner Rain water drainage for road has a soak away under the road surface and filled with a granular material to hold water and to provide mechanical support for the road

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FR2642774A1 (en) * 1989-02-07 1990-08-10 Const Indles Rationnelle Covering for absorbing and storing rainwater
FR2682410A1 (en) * 1991-10-11 1993-04-16 Hamon Ind Thermique WATER RETENTION TANK STRUCTURE.
GB2294077A (en) * 1994-10-14 1996-04-17 Univ Coventry Paving system for spillage and flood management
DE19834857A1 (en) * 1998-08-01 2000-02-17 Gilbert Goehner Rain water drainage for road has a soak away under the road surface and filled with a granular material to hold water and to provide mechanical support for the road

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2396378A (en) * 2002-12-21 2004-06-23 Carnell Contractors Ltd Drainage system
GB2396378B (en) * 2002-12-21 2006-02-22 Carnell Contractors Ltd Drain reinforcement
RU2244786C1 (en) * 2003-12-24 2005-01-20 Степкин Андрей Андреевич Method and device for treated sewage water utilization
US8028713B2 (en) * 2004-06-25 2011-10-04 Totetu Mfg. Co. Ltd. Underground water storage tank
CN1330831C (en) * 2005-07-07 2007-08-08 上海交通大学 landscape integrated intermittent wet-land rainwater reuse method
US10899633B1 (en) * 2020-01-02 2021-01-26 The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Modular porous swale filtration system
US11332383B1 (en) 2020-01-02 2022-05-17 The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Modular porous swale
US12297126B1 (en) 2020-01-02 2025-05-13 The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Modular porous swale

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1146176B1 (en) 2005-06-15
DE60111446D1 (en) 2005-07-21
ES2243417T3 (en) 2005-12-01
ATE298019T1 (en) 2005-07-15
DE60111446T2 (en) 2006-05-18
FR2807458B1 (en) 2002-07-05
FR2807458A1 (en) 2001-10-12

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