EP1039033B1 - Method for making a railway track - Google Patents

Abstract

The method for preparing a permanent way comprises producing a running section consisting of two rails (4, 5) with sleepers (1) between them. Rods (18) are then inserted into the concrete bearing layer (10) beneath. The height and width of the running section is then adjusted and the sleepers supported. The running section is then fixed to the rods to prevent lateral shifting. The upper bearing layer (9) is then poured and a revetment (20) added. An independent claim is included for a system for adjusting the running section of a permanent way.

Description

The present invention relates to a method for producing a solid track for rail vehicles provided transversely to the road, the rails supporting sleepers, in particular concrete, which are cast in an upper support layer, in particular also made of concrete, in turn, on a lower support layer, in particular a so-called hydraulically bound support layer is supported.

So-called fixed carriageways of the type described above are used in particular for high speeds instead of lanes with the traditional ballast bed. Accordingly, the track must meet very high accuracy requirements with regard to its lateral and altitude. This is achieved by aligning the section laid in rough advance direction on the roadway with the aid of suitable measuring methods in the vertical and lateral directions. After alignment, the track section is fixed by potting the sleepers with concrete.

In a known method for producing a solid track of the type described above, a trough, in particular made of concrete, placed on the lower support layer, in which the thresholds of the track section to be laid are inserted. The thus roughly aligned track section is then finely aligned by the sleepers are brought via support spindles, which are supported on the trough, in the intended height and lateral position. The support spindles are supported on the one hand on the base plate of the trough and on the other hand on the lateral Aufkantungen from, where it is basically not necessary to support each threshold, since all thresholds are attached to the rails and are therefore held by them in a corresponding position. So it is sufficient, for example, only support every fourth threshold on the base plate of the trough and align laterally.

A disadvantage of the known method is that the lateral support spindles are no longer accessible after the casting of the upper support layer. It is therefore already known to support the lateral directing means on the two outer walls of the trough. The support is however more expensive. In addition, there is the disadvantage, as in the method described above, of creating a joint between the cast upper support layer and the trough that is susceptible to the ingress of water. A particular disadvantage is that this gap continues uninterrupted in the longitudinal direction of the roadway.

A method according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from DE-A-197 08 896. In this known method, brackets are introduced into both the lower base layer and the thresholds. About the bracket the track section is temporarily supported during the production of the fixed carriageway. In addition, the straps serve to connect the threshold according to the rules of reinforced concrete non-positively and immovably with the lower support layer. For this purpose, reinforcing bars are inserted into the stirrups, which together with the stirrups form reinforcement cages. The firm connection of the sleepers with the lower support layer on the bracket is made only after the casting of the upper support layer, namely by curing the concrete, which forms a reinforced concrete structure together with the brackets. The alignment of the height and lateral position is performed in this known method by guided in the threshold spindles.

From EP-A-0 379 148 it is known to use a lifting frame for aligning a track section. The fixation during the hardening of the upper base layer takes place over fast hardening cement.

The invention has for its object to provide a method for producing a fixed track of the type mentioned, which does not have these disadvantages. In particular, the best possible and stable track alignment should be possible in a relatively simple manner and the occurrence of long joints should be avoided.

This object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1.

Thus, according to the invention, a trough is completely dispensed with. Instead, the track section is supported directly on the lower support layer. After aligning the lateral position of the track section this is fixed by rods, which are introduced into the lower support layer and to which the track section, for example, over the thresholds, is attached. The alignment of the track section takes place in the inventive method by a separate device. The support of the track section, as in the conventional method, for example Spindles take place, which are screwed into corresponding nut sleeves, which are provided by the manufacturer in or on the sleepers. Because of the elimination of the trough and the direct support on the lower base layer correspondingly longer spindles and sleeves are required, the sleeves can survive beyond the thresholds. So the thresholds themselves do not have to be increased.

As with the known method, it is also sufficient if only a part of the sleepers is supported on the lower support layer and fixed by a rod against lateral displacement. Nevertheless, it is advantageous in manufacture to prepare all sleepers for support and fixation. This also opens up the possibility of providing additional supports and / or fixings when the deviation of the track position from the desired position is detected.

An advantage of the method according to the invention is that no more trough is required. This eliminates the effort required for attaching the trough. It is also particularly advantageous that so that the gap between the cast upper support layer and the trough is omitted, which represents a particular danger due to their continuous extension upon ingress of water.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the rods are introduced into previously introduced into the lower support layer recesses. The recesses can, for example, laser-controlled, are positioned very accurately, which also results in an accurate positioning of the rods. The necessary shifts of the track section relative to the bars during alignment are relatively low.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the track section is mounted in height displaceably on the rods. This has the advantage that the track after loosening the support on the lower support layer can follow a shrinkage of the upper base course material.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the thresholds are released after the introduction of the upper support layer at the beginning of setting of the rails. This avoids that shifts, in particular thermal expansions and contractions of the rails during the further setting of the upper support layer are transmitted to the thresholds.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the rod in the middle of the threshold is attached to this. The tolerances occurring in the manufacture of the thresholds are thereby halved.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, a plurality of thresholds covering and in particular associated with this reinforcement is provided under the threshold, which is poured into the upper support layer with. In the finished roadway forces acting on the thresholds, in particular shearing forces in thermal expansion and contractions of the rails are thereby distributed over several thresholds and can be better absorbed.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the recesses are introduced into the lower support layer as holes. These can be advantageously introduced with particularly high accuracy. Another possibility is to introduce the recess as in the longitudinal direction of the road continuously extending slot. Furthermore, it is it is possible to vibrate the bars in making the lower support layer in this.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the alignment of the lateral and / or vertical position of the track section takes place in two or more steps. This has proven to be particularly advantageous.

Likewise, it has been found to be advantageous to check the track position after the fixation and support of the track section and, if necessary, to correct it again. It is also advantageous to document the track position after fixing the track section.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, a formwork with formwork elements is used for casting the upper support layer, which are anchored in the track area. In particular, the formwork elements are anchored via an upper formwork holder on the rail or on the threshold and a lower formwork holder on the reinforcement or on the rod. In this case, the lower formwork holder is preferably cast with. This can be mounted with simple means a shuttering for the casting of the upper support layer. The formwork can be reused except for the lower formwork holder. In principle, it is also possible to use a shuttering car of conventional type.

As thresholds, according to one embodiment of the invention, one-piece sleepers with a slot in the threshold center for passing the rod for the lateral fixation of the threshold can be used. In this case, suitable adjusting and / or fixing means may be provided in the slot through which the rod is passed and after Orientation of the track section against side shift relative to the threshold or vice versa can be fixed.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, two-part thresholds are used with two connected via connecting iron, each carrying a rail parts. The use of two-part sills has the advantage that the length of the joints between the sill and the cast upper support layer and the weight of the sill is reduced.

For lateral fixing of the two-part thresholds on the bars, a plate which can be displaced along the connecting bar and can be secured thereto is preferably used with a passage opening for the bar. Preferably, the sheet is formed in two parts, with two, each having a half of the passage opening parts. About the sheet, the threshold can be easily fixed to the rod against lateral displacement. The two-part design has the advantage that the rod can be introduced even before complete lateral alignment of the threshold by the two parts pushed sufficiently far apart and are joined together only after introduction of the rod.

A preferably used for the inventive method lifting device for lifting a track section with rails and attached sleepers comprises at least one, the roadway spanning frame to which in particular on the rails engaging grippers and lifting means are mounted for lifting the track section.
Here, the frame is designed to be movable along the roadway. By such a lifting device, the setup of the track section can be carried out continuously without the need for a large number of lifting devices becomes. The lifting device according to the invention is moved forward with the work progress and used for the entire setup process.

According to one embodiment of the invention, means for aligning the lateral and / or vertical position of the track section are additionally provided on the frame. The lifting device can advantageously be used at the same time for aligning the track section, so that a separate device is unnecessary.

Preferably, at least three frames are provided, of which at least the first one has a ground, in particular crawler track. In this way, with a device lifting and aligning the track section can be performed in several steps. In particular, a coarse alignment is carried out with the first frame, a fine alignment with the second frame, and a fine alignment with final fixation of the thresholds with the third or a further frame.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the further frames each have a rail chassis, wherein all frames are connected to each other via connecting rods, which preferably also carry supply lines. A ground gear is required only for the first frame, while the other frames can be moved on the already pre-directed rails. For the lifting and straightening process, these frames are based on the running surface of the ground undercarriage, ie the lower support layer.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, all frames are arranged on a common floor, in particular crawler undercarriage. Thus, a complete device is formed with which the track section can be raised, aligned and fixed.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the frame on roller tongs for lifting and straightening rollers for aligning the track section, which roll on the rails. This allows a continuous lifting and aligning of the track section.

Preferably, the frames also additionally on the rails unrollable Auflastrollen, by which the rails are held down. This too has proved to be particularly advantageous for the mobile lifting and aligning device.

The track is preferably aligned with a transverse beam to be arranged transversely to the rails, which is designed for direct or indirect engagement with the rails, a support element which can be fixed in the ground, in particular a lower support layer or the bottom of a trough, on which the straightening cross-member can be supported. and displacement means for displacing the straightening beam relative to the support element in its longitudinal direction.

According to this invention, the lateral position of the track is not made via the lifting device, but via a straightening beam, the is supported on a support element fixed in the underground, in particular in the lower support layer, but also the bottom of a trough, in order to bring the straightening truss together with the track attached thereto into the desired lateral position via the displacement means provided on the straightening crosspiece. As a supporting element can serve in particular a rod, as previously described. The straightening crossbar is simple in construction and can be easily handled and transported. At the same time, the lifting device for holding the track section is thereby simplified since it no longer has to be designed for the lateral direction.

The support element is preferably designed for arrangement in the middle of the roadway. The lateral direction is thereby simplified. In addition, the support element is preferably releasably connectable to the ground. This facilitates disassembly of the straightening beam after sufficient curing of the upper support layer. In the case of a rod, in particular a sleeve which can be introduced into the substrate can be provided for this purpose, into which the rod connected to the straightening crosspiece engages telescopically or vice versa.

The straightening cross member preferably has a recess which is penetrated by the rod during straightening. In this case, the displacement means are supported in particular in the recess to move the straightening bar relative to the rod. The recess may be formed as a slot in the body of the beam. Likewise, the recess may be formed by a laterally present on the straightening beam bracket. This results on the one hand a good Abstützmöglichkeit and on the other hand a height displacement of the straightening beam relative to the support element, to allow a lowering of the track section during curing of the upper support layer.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, a threshold is designed as a straightening crossbar. A separate straightening beam is thereby unnecessary. In this case, the threshold may in particular be a monoblock threshold. But it is also possible to use a two-block threshold.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the straightening cross member is formed as a separate component. A separate component has the advantage that it can be removed after sufficient fixation of the track section and can be reused elsewhere.

The separate component can span the entire track and have recordings for fixing the rails. Such a variant is particularly advantageous in connection with monoblock sleepers.

In the case of two-block sleepers, it is advantageously possible to use a separate component which is designed for insertion between the two blocks of the two-block threshold. The straightening crosshead thus has a relatively small size and can be arranged lower. This leads due to the shorter lever arm advantageously to lower torque. Also, no rail supports on the beam are required, which has the additional advantage that the rails are not electrically connected to each other via the beam. An advantage of using a separate component is also that they are in principle made of any material can. A separate straightening beam can also be used to advantage for wide sleepers or slabs.

The straightening beam can be designed according to various embodiments of the invention as a rod, as a beam or as a box section. A box profile is particularly advantageous in a straightening beam that can be used between the two blocks of a two-block threshold.

The lateral direction of the track section takes place according to further embodiments of the invention via at least one adjusting screw, an eccentric or a spindle gear, which each serve as an adjusting device. Thus, the lateral direction of the track section can be suitably performed.

The spindle gear can for example comprise a threaded rod, which also serves as a straightening cross. The straightening device is thereby particularly simple and uncomplicated. To protect against contamination, the threaded rod can be provided with a protective bellows.

For fixation of the track section after straightening during the completion of the fixed carriageway means for lateral fixing can be provided on the straightening traverse. But it can also be provided for this purpose, which attack the thresholds. The second variant has the advantage that the straightening bar can be disassembled after straightening and fixing the track section on the thresholds and used again at another point.

In addition, means for fixing the height position of the track section and / or the mutual height position of the two rails can be provided on the straightening beam. In particular, a spindle device can be arranged for unscrewing the straightening cross member in each case at the two lateral end regions of the straightening traverse. The adjustment is possible without any problems.

According to a further embodiment of the invention sleeves with internal thread are provided in the straightening cross, in which spindles are used. The sleeves are in particular detachably connected to the straightening cross member. For example, the sleeves can be connected via a bayonet lock with the straightening cross member. As a result, the spindle can advantageously be released from the straightening cross member.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the spindles of the spindle device are also formed as a formwork holder for a casing for the upper support layer. Separate formwork holders can be saved.

For anchoring the formwork, these can also be supported by a further embodiment of the method according to the invention by means of angle brackets which are placed laterally to be produced upper support layer, the angle brackets anchored via traction means such as ropes or wires each on a bar introduced into the lower support layer or the like become. Again, this has proven to be advantageous for anchoring the casing.

Preferably, the traction means are releasably attached to the angle brackets. As a result, the angle brackets can be solved after curing of the finished support layer in a simple manner and are available for reuse.

For example, the traction means may have a loop at one end and be passed through a passage in the angle brackets. By means of a pin, the traction means can then be anchored to the angle brackets. To release the pins are simply pulled out of the end loops of the traction means again.

It is also preferred if the traction means are anchored directly above the direct supporting layer on the rod, in particular via a ring comprising the rod. Due to the thus given small lever arm influencing the rod is avoided.

At the angle supports, the traction means can attack both immediately above the lower support layer and above. This can preferably be done in the manner of a rope triangle. The forces acting on the angle supports during the introduction of the concrete for the upper bearing layer forces are thereby optimally intercepted.

Fig. 1

einen Querschnitt durch eine nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestellte feste Fahrbahn mit zweiteiliger Schwelle,

Fig. 1a,b

zwei Varianten zu Fig. 1 mit Monoblockschwelle,

Fig. 1c

eine Variante zu Fig. 1 mit Platte,

Fig. 2

einen Schnitt gemäß Linie II-II in Fig. 1,

Fig. 3

eine Draufsicht auf ein Detail von Fig. 2,

Fig. 4

eine Seitenansicht auf eine erfindungsgemäße Hebe- und Richtvorrichtung zur Verwendung bei einem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren,

Fig. 5

eine Darstellung des Einsatzes einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung bei einem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren in aufeinanderfolgenden Arbeitsschritten,

Fig. 6

eine Draufsicht auf eine andere erfindungsgemäße Hebe- und Richtvorrichtung zur Verwendung bei einem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren,

Fig. 7

eine Seitenansicht der Vorrichtung von Fig. 6 im Einsatz,

Fig. 8

eine Seitenansicht einer separaten Richttraverse,

Fig. 9

eine Draufsicht auf die Richttraverse von Fig. 8,

Fig. 10

eine Draufsicht auf eine andere Richttraverse,

Fig. 11

eine Seitenansicht der Richttraverse von Fig. 10,

Fig. 12

eine Seitenansicht noch einer separaten Richttraverse,

Fig. 13

eine Draufsicht auf die Richttraverse von Fig. 12,

Fig. 14

ein Detail von Figur 12,

Fig. 15

ein Detail von Figur 14 in perspektivischer Darstellung,

Fig. 16

eine Seitenansicht eines weiteren Details von Fig. 14,

Fig. 17

eine Variante zu Fig. 16,

Fig. 18

eine Seitenansicht einer als Richttraverse ausgebildeten Schwelle,

Fig. 19

eine Draufsicht auf die Schwelle von Fig. 18,

Fig. 20

eine Seitenansicht einer weiteren Variante der erfindungsgemäßen Richttraverse,

Fig. 21

eine Draufsicht auf die Richttraverse von Fig. 20,

Fig. 22

eine Seitenansicht einer weiteren Variante der erfindungsgemäßen Richttraverse,

Fig. 23

eine Draufsicht auf die Richttraverse von Fig. 22,

Fig. 24

eine Seitenansicht noch einer Variante der erfindungsgemäßen Richttraverse,

Fig. 25

eine Draufsicht auf die Richttraverse von Fig. 24,

Fig. 26

einen Querschnitt durch eine weitere Variante der erfindungsgemäßen Fahrbahn und

Fig. 27

eine Draufsicht auf ein Detail von Fig. 26.

Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and will be described below. They show, in a schematic representation in each case:

Fig. 1

a cross section through a solid roadway with two-part threshold produced by the method according to the invention,

Fig. 1a, b

two variants to FIG. 1 with monoblock threshold,

Fig. 1c

a variant of FIG. 1 with plate,

Fig. 2

a section along line II-II in Fig. 1,

Fig. 3

a top view of a detail of Fig. 2,

Fig. 4

a side view of a lifting and straightening device according to the invention for use in a method according to the invention,

Fig. 5

a representation of the use of a device according to the invention in a method according to the invention in successive steps,

Fig. 6

a top view of another lifting and straightening device according to the invention for use in a method according to the invention,

Fig. 7

a side view of the device of FIG. 6 in use,

Fig. 8

a side view of a separate beam,

Fig. 9

a top view of the straightening truss of Fig. 8,

Fig. 10

a plan view of another beam,

Fig. 11

a side view of the straightening cross member of Fig. 10,

Fig. 12

a side view of a separate beam,

Fig. 13

a top view of the straightening cross member of Fig. 12,

Fig. 14

a detail of Figure 12,

Fig. 15

a detail of Figure 14 in perspective view,

Fig. 16

a side view of another detail of Fig. 14,

Fig. 17

a variant of FIG. 16,

Fig. 18

a side view of a designed as a straightening threshold,

Fig. 19

a top view of the threshold of Fig. 18,

Fig. 20

a side view of another variant of the invention beam,

Fig. 21

a top view of the straightening beam of Fig. 20,

Fig. 22

a side view of another variant of the invention beam,

Fig. 23

a top view of the straightening beam of Fig. 22,

Fig. 24

a side view of a variant of the straightening truss according to the invention,

Fig. 25

a top view of the straightening beam of Fig. 24,

Fig. 26

a cross section through a further variant of the roadway according to the invention and

Fig. 27

a top view of a detail of Fig. 26.

Fig. 1 shows a two-part threshold 1 with a first part 2 and a second part 3, each carrying a rail 4, 5, via releasable fastening means 6 are connected to the threshold 1. The two parts 2 and 3 of the threshold 1 are connected to each other via connecting bars 7, which are supplemented by struts 7 'to a reinforcing cage 8.

The sleepers 1 are cast with the connecting iron 7 and the reinforcement cage 8 in an upper support layer 9 made of concrete, which is applied to a lower support layer 10, in particular a hydraulically bonded support layer. Furthermore, in the upper support layer 9 connected to the reinforcing cage 8, in particular verschrödelte, steel mat 11 is cast.

The two parts 2 and 3 of the threshold 1 each have one-sided or two-sided concrete or Armierungsfortsätze 12 through which threaded sleeves 13 are guided, which survive beyond the parts 2 and 3 of the threshold 1 and are connected to the reinforcing cage 8. In the threaded sleeves 13 spindles 14 are screwed, each having a base plate 15 at its lower end, with which the spindles 14 on the lower support layer 10 can be supported.

In the middle between the two parts 2 and 3 of the threshold 1, a fixation plate 16, which is guided along the connecting bar 7 in a longitudinally displaceable manner, is provided with a central opening 17, which is shown in detail in FIGS. Through the passage opening 17 of the fixing plate 16, a rod 18 is guided, which protrudes with its lower end into a recess 19 in the lower support layer 10. Preferably, the rod 18 in the recess 19, which is a slot or bore extending in the longitudinal direction of the roadway, is fixed in its vertical position, while the fixing plate 16 is slidably guided on the rod 18 in height.

Fig. 1 also shows formwork elements 20 which are arranged laterally of the upper support layer 9 and extend in the longitudinal direction of the roadway. The formwork elements 20 are anchored via an upper formwork holder 21 and a lower formwork holder 22 at the threshold support of the threshold 1 or via steel strapping with formwork locks on the rod. In a simplified solution, the lower formwork holder 22a may be anchored to a steel mat 11 secured to the sill. In this case, the upper formwork holders 21a are each mounted on a rail foot 23, 24 of the rails 4, 5 and preferably made of round steel. The lower formwork holders 22a are preferably made of flat steel and are each suspended in a strut of the steel mat 11.

As can be seen in FIGS. 2 and 3, the fixing plate 16 is formed in two parts, with two mirror-symmetrical halves 25, 26, each embrace two connecting iron 7 and between them together the passage opening 17 for the rod 18. The two halves 25 and 26 also each have at least one passage opening 27, 28 for the implementation of fastening means, in particular an Allen screw 29, 30, which cooperate with a respective nut 31, 32. The nuts 31, 32 are preferably welded to the two halves 25, 26, so that they are captive. Instead of fixing via fastening means 27, 29, the halves 25, 26 can also be welded to the threshold reinforcement.

The lifting and straightening device shown in Fig. 4 comprises a frame 33 with a central, horizontal support 34, in the two lateral Auslegearme 35 and 36 are retractable and extendable, in turn, at their free Ends are connected to vertical beams 37 and 38 which are slidably guided on vertical guides 39 and 40 in height. The vertical guides 39, 40 are supported with their lower end respectively on a ground chassis 41, 42, in particular a crawler chassis, with which the frame 33 on the lower support layer 10 is movable.

On the underside of the central horizontal support 34 lifting cylinder 43 with roller tongs 44 and running and straightening rollers 45 are attached. In addition, below the horizontal, central support 34, a working platform 46 is provided. About the lifting cylinder 43 with the roller tongs 44, the rails 4 and 5 of a track section to be laid can be raised, wherein the frame 33 at the same time in the longitudinal direction of the rails 4, 5 can be moved. The same applies to the running and straightening rollers 45, which are supported on the top and on the sides of the rails 4, 5. The extension and retraction of the lateral extension arms 35, 36 via a drive 47. Accordingly, for the raising and lowering of the vertical support 37 and 38 on the vertical guides 39 and 40 and for the method of the frame 33 along the roadway not shown drives intended.

For the production of a fixed carriageway according to the method according to the invention, a track section with sleepers 1 and rails 4, 5 is lifted by means of the frame 33 of the lifting and straightening device shown in FIG. 4 and positioned roughly aligned above the lower supporting layer 10 of the carriageway. Then, at a threshold 1 in the lower support layer 10, in particular laser-controlled, introduced a bore and then taken a rod 18 in the bore 19 or screwed or used and shed. Next is the Threshold 1 aligned over the frame 33 laterally and in height, with a slope in the transverse direction of the roadway is adjustable. The spindles 14 are then unscrewed from the sleeves 13 until they rest with their base plates 15 on the lower support layer 10. At the same time or subsequently, the threshold 1 is fixed by means of the fixing plate 16 on the rod 18 mutual displacement by the two parts 25 and 26 of the fixing plate 16 pushed together along the connecting struts 7 and tightened by screwing the Allen screws 29, 30 on this. Instead of the Allen screws and a weld can be provided.

After the threshold 1 has been fixed in the intended position, it is poured into the upper support layer 9. For this purpose, the shuttering 20, 21, 22 is attached before. When the upper base course material, ie in particular the concrete, begins to bind off, the spindles 14 are preferably turned up into the sleeves 13, so that the threshold 1 can follow a shrinkage of the upper base layer 9 during setting. The threshold 1 slides with the fixing plate 16 on the rod 18 down. The lateral fixation of the threshold 1 remains intact.

Now the fasteners 6 of the rails 4 and 5 can be solved to avoid an entry of forces during the further setting of the upper support layer 9 in the threshold 1 on the rails 4, 5. After complete setting of the upper support layer 9, the rail fasteners 6 are then tightened again and the formwork elements 20 and the upper formwork holder 21 is removed. By contrast, the lower formwork holders 22, 22a remain in the upper support layer 9. As shown in Fig. 5, the described production of the fixed carriageway according to the method according to the invention preferably takes place cyclically. After the sleepers 1 and the rails 4, 5 have been deposited on the lower support layer 10 either by the yoke method or in the single-laying method, the manufacturing method according to the invention begins with the first cycle illustrated in FIG. 5a. Here, the rails 4, 5 are raised with the thresholds 1 attached thereto by means of a first frame 33 and roughly aligned at a distance from the lower support layer 10. The frame 33 then continues in the direction of work I forward in the position shown in Fig. 5b. In this case, the first frame 33, which is supported by a crawler undercarriage 41, 42 on the lower support layer 10, via connecting rods 48, two further frame 33 ', 33'', which are supported on the rails 4, 5 via the rollers 45.

In the second working cycle illustrated in FIG. 5b, a threshold 1 is again roughly aligned by the first frame 33, while the second frame 33 'finely aligns the threshold 1 previously roughly aligned by the first frame 33 in the preceding working cycle. The second frame is supported by support means 51 on the lower support layer 10.

The thresholds 1 aligned by the frames 33 and 33 'are supported on the lower support layer 10 by unscrewing the spindles 14 from the sleeves 13. The intervening sleepers 1 can, but need not, be supported by unscrewing their spindles 14.

In the third power stroke, which is shown in Fig. 5c, and the third frame 33 '' is active to the previously already coarse and finely aligned Threshold 1 fine to align and finally fix. That is, the spindles 14 are brought to their end positions, and the sill 1 is fixed to the rod 18 by tightening or fusing the fixing plate 16 to the connecting iron 7. The third frame is also supported by support means 51 on the lower support layer 10. At the same time, the first frame 33 again carries out the coarse alignment of a further threshold 1 and the second frame 33 'carries out the fine alignment of the threshold 1 previously roughly aligned by the first frame 33.

FIG. 5 d shows the next working cycle in which the three frames 33, 33 'and 33 "are again advanced in the working direction I by a specific threshold number. In this working cycle, the second threshold 1 is finely aligned and fixed by the third frame 33 ". Now the formwork 20 can be attached to the two fixed thresholds 1 and the intermediate thresholds 1 shed into the upper substrate 9. After complete setting of the upper support layer 9, the formwork 20 is removed. If necessary, after cleaning, it can then be reused further forward.

As shown in FIGS. 1 a, 1 b and 1 c, instead of the two-part threshold 1 shown in FIG. 1, in principle also any other thresholds, in particular also one-part thresholds or panels 1 a, can be used. It is only necessary to provide on the sleepers 1 or plates 1a a mounting possibility for the rod 18, for example a slot 49 or a lateral device such as a bracket 50 or a lateral recess 50a in the middle of a one-piece threshold 1 or plate 1a with suitable Adjusting and / or fixing agents.

The orientation of the sleepers 1 and the rails 4, 5 takes place in particular laser-controlled. In principle, however, all other possible measuring methods can be used. Preferably, all thresholds are provided with sleeves 13 so that any thresholds or all thresholds can be supported on the lower support layer 10, if necessary. Also, the fixing plates 16 are preferably provided on all sleepers 1 or designed so that they can be attached later.

Another device for lifting and straightening a track section to be laid is shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. The device comprises a ground gear 49 with four tracks 50 on which the entire lifting and directing means are arranged. Otherwise, the device is substantially identical to the device described above. The use of the device takes place in principle in the same manner as described above. Due to the crawler track 49, the device shown can be moved completely independent of the track.

In the variant shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, a sleeve-shaped bolt 102 is inserted and anchored in a base layer 101 of a fixed track. In the sleeve-shaped pin 102 engages a rod 103 with its lower end, which is guided in an elongated hole 104 of a cross member 105 according to arrow I in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the traverse 105 slidably. In principle, however, such an embodiment is possible, for example, in which the rod 103 surrounds the bolt 102. On the rod 103 engages laterally an adjusting screw 106 which is rotatably mounted in a thread 107 of the traverse 105. About this screw 106, the displacement of the rod 103 relative to the traverse 105 and vice versa.

On its upper side 108, the traverse 105 has two receptacles 109 for two rails, not shown here, of a track. By the receptacle 109, the rails are laterally fixed relative to the traverse 105. Therefore, the rails used with the cross member 105 are displaced laterally by actuation of the adjusting screw 106. In this way, the lateral position of the track can be set.

Such traverses 105 may in principle be provided between each threshold in the case of a track to be set up. But it is also possible to provide the trusses 105 only at certain intervals, so not between all thresholds. Also, the thresholds can be formed in this way as a straightening cross. '

After the track has been aligned laterally over the trusses 105 and above the thresholds, an upper support layer is applied to the lower support layer 101 into which the sleepers are cast. After sufficient curing of the upper support layer, the trusses 105 can be detached from the rails and removed. For this purpose, the rod 103 is preferably releasably connected to the cross member 105, for example, screwed into this. After removing the rod 103 and releasing the rails of the cross member 105, this can be lowered slightly compared to the track and then removed from the side. As a result, the trusses 105 can be reused.

Another possibility of adjusting the lateral direction via the traverse 105 is shown in FIGS. 10 and 11. Accordingly, an eccentric 110 is used, which is arranged in the slot 104 of the traverse 105 is. The eccentric 110 consists of a rod 111 which is inserted into the sleeve-shaped bolt 102 and anchored there by an internal support device. The upper end of the rod 111 is above the Traverse 105 upwards. At this protruding portion of the rod 111, the actual eccentric is arranged, which is fixed by lateral guide rails 112 on the cross member 105. The eccentric 110 comprises an eccentric portion 113, which engages the guide rails 112 of the crossmember 105 to move the traverse, and an actuating portion 114, in particular a hexagonal portion to rotate the eccentric arrow II. After adjustment of the lateral position of the traverse 105 of the eccentric is fixed, in particular via a wedge 115 in the sleeve-shaped bolt 102. Also in this case, the thresholds can be formed in this way as a straightening cross.

Another idea is to use the separate traverse 105 in addition to determining the altitude of the track and the mutual altitude of the two rails of the track. This is shown in FIGS. 12 to 16. Accordingly, a spindle device 116 is provided on the traverse 105 on both lateral outer sides, which in principle can function as thresholds, like the known spindle devices. By turning the spindles 117 in the sleeves 118 with internal thread, the spindles are placed on the support layer 101 to fix the set altitude. It is preferred if the sleeve 118 is detachably connected to the cross member 105, for example via a bayonet closure, as indicated in FIGS. 12 to 16. As a result, the spindle 117 can be released from the traverse 105. For this purpose, the sleeve 118 is released from the traverse 105 and the spindle device 116 with the spindle 117 pulled upwards. Of course, other coupling options between the sleeve 118 and Traverse 105 are used. The rotation of the spindle 117 is effected for example via a hexagon 119th

As shown in Fig. 17, the spindle can also be used as a formwork holder. For this purpose, the formwork 120 is suspended in the spindle 117 or otherwise connected to this. Subsequently, the upper support layer 121 or a lower casting 121 a can be applied to the lower support layer 101. After removal of the spindle unit 116 and the formwork 120 can be removed.

FIGS. 18 and 19 show a monoblock sleeper 150 with rail receptacles 151 and a central oblong hole 152 in which the straightening device 153 acts as a straightening traverse. This is formed in the embodiment of FIGS. 18 and 19 as a spindle drive, arranged in a housing 154 spindle gear, which is actuated via a hand wheel 155, a housing passing through the spindle 156 and a sleeve 157 attached to the housing, which has a in the lower support layer 158 engages over inserted bolt 159. The spindle 156 has at its two ends in each case a support plate 160, with which it is supported in the slot 152 of the concrete sleeper 150.

By turning the handwheel 155, the transmission moves with the gear housing 154 in the corresponding direction as indicated by arrow I along the spindle 156. Since the gear housing 154 is supported on the bolt 159 via the sleeve 157, the monoblock sleeper 150 is thereby fixed with those in the rail receivers 151 Rails shifted laterally. In this way, the desired lateral position of the track section can be adjusted. The transmission is preferably designed as a reduction gear, so that it is secured against unintentional adjustment.

The variant shown in FIGS. 20 and 21 works in principle in the same way. Again, a preferably designed as a reduction gear spindle gear 153 is provided, which is supported via a sleeve 157 and a bolt 159 on the lower support layer 158. In contrast to the previous variant, however, the spindle 156 is extended to a separate straightening beam which carries a rail receptacle 151 at its two ends. The variant illustrated in FIGS. 20 and 21 is thus inserted between two sleepers or, in the case of panel construction, between the rail support points in order to align the track section laterally. In addition, here the handwheel 155 is provided on the upper side of the gear housing 154. To avoid contamination of the spindle 156, two protective bellows 161 are also provided on this on both sides of the spindle housing 154, of which, however, only one is shown.

In the variant shown in FIGS. 22 and 23, the straightening cross member is designed as a box profile 162. This in turn has a central recess 163, in which an eccentric 164 is inserted in the manner already described above. The lateral ends of the box profile 162 are formed with chamfered walls 165, the inclination of which corresponds to the inclination of the opposing walls 166 of the two blocks 167 of a bi-block sleeper 168. As a result, the box section 162 between the two blocks 167 of the monoblock threshold 168 are simply used.

The eccentric 164 is also supported, also in the manner described above, by means of a bolt 169 in the lower support layer 170. By rotating the eccentric 164 so the box section 162 can be moved laterally relative to the lower support layer 170. About the rail receivers 171 on the two blocks 167 of the two-block threshold 168 while the track section is taken and can be aligned laterally in the desired manner.

The variant shown in Figs. 24 and 25 in turn comprises a spindle gear 172 with a handwheel 173 and a spindle 174. At the two ends of the spindle 174 receiving shoes 175 are arranged, which automatically in their inclination to the inclination of the opposite sides 176 of fit both blocks 177 of a monoblock threshold 178. The spindle gear in turn is seated in a gear housing 179, which is supported by a sleeve 180 on a bolt 181, which is introduced into a lower support layer 182. The spindle 174 is in turn provided with two bellows 183, of which only one is shown here. In addition, the two blocks 177 of the two-block sleeper 178 also carry rail receivers 184 here.

Upon rotation of the hand wheel 173, the spindle 174 moves according to arrow I in the lateral direction and takes over the receiving shoes 175, the two-block threshold 178 and thus the two rails in the rail receivers 184. In this way, the track can be aligned laterally. The transmission is again preferred as a transmission gear trained, so that it is secured against accidental adjustment.

In the variant illustrated in FIGS. 26 and 27, a rod 202, in particular a straightening bolt, is introduced and anchored in a lower support layer 201. In the two side regions of the lower support layer 201, angle supports 203 are respectively placed on the lower support layer 201 and comprise a vertical leg 204 and, as shown in FIG. 27, two horizontal legs 205 enclosing an angle α. Between the angle supports 203 and the rod 202, a wire rope 206 is tensioned in each case, which is anchored with its one end to a steel ring 207, which is applied to the rod 202. The other ends of the wire ropes 206 are each guided through a passage 208 in the angle supports 203 and have a loop 209. Via a pin 210, these ends of the wire ropes 206 are anchored to the angle brackets 203. As shown by dashed and dash-dotted lines, in addition to the wire ropes 206, additional wire ropes 211 and 212 may be provided, which are also fastened to the steel ring 207 or in a middle section of the wire rope 206. The other ends of these additional ropes 211 and 212 are anchored in an upper portion of the vertical leg 204 of the angle brackets 203, also preferably detachable.

After the angle supports have been set up and anchored, the formwork boards 213 are attached. As can be seen from FIG. 27, the formwork boards are arranged in such a way that the wire ropes 206, 211, 212 respectively extend between two adjacent formwork boards. Separate feedthroughs in the formwork boards are dispensable. After the formwork panels 213 have been attached, the concrete layer can be between them to be shed opposite cladding boards. When the concrete layer has hardened sufficiently, the angle supports 203 are removed by pulling the pins 210 out of the loops 209. Subsequently, the formwork boards 213 can be removed. In this way, not only the shuttering boards 213 but also the angle supports 203 are available for reuse. Only the wire ropes 206, 211 and 212 are lost. Thus, the inventive method is particularly simple and economical.

All the variants described can in principle be combined with one another, and the various details, such as the adjusting device and the support, can be exchanged among the various variants.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

threshold

1a

plate

2

Part of 1

3

Part of 1

4

rail

5

rail

6

rail fastening

7

connection iron

7 '

connecting strut

8th

reinforcing cage

9

upper base layer

10

lower base layer

11

steel mat

12

Approach to 2 or 3

13

shell

14

spindle

15

shim

16

fixing

17

Recess in 16

18

Rod

19

Recess in 10

20

An element

21, 21a

Upper formwork holder

22, 22a

lower formwork holder

23

rail

24

rail

25

Half of 16

26

Half of 16

27

Through opening

28

Through opening

29

Allen screw

30

Allen screw

31

mother

32

mother

33

frame

34

horizontal, central carrier

35

lateral extension arm

36

lateral extension arm

37

vertical support

38

vertical support

39

vertical guide

40

vertical guide

41

chassis

42

chassis

43

lifting cylinder

44

role pliers

45

Running and straightening roller

46

platform

47

drive

48

connecting rod

49

Long hole

50

hanger

50a

lateral recess

51

support means

101

lower base layer

102

shell

103

Rod

104

Long hole

105

traverse

106

screw

107

thread

108

Top of 105

109

bar accommodation

110

eccentric

111

Rod

112

guide rail

113

eccentric

114

actuating section

115

wedge

116

spindle device

117

spindle

118

shell

119

hexagon

120

formwork

121

upper base layer

150

Monoblock sleeper

151

bar accommodation

152

Long hole

153

spindle drive

154

gearbox

155

handwheel

156

spindle

157

shell

158

lower base layer

159

bolt

160

support plate

161

bellows

162

box section

163

recess

164

eccentric

165

Side wall

166

Side wall

167

block

168

Two block threshold

169

bolt

170

lower base layer

171

bar accommodation

172

spindle drive

173

handwheel

174

spindle

175

pick-up shoe

176

Side wall

177

block

178

Two block threshold

179

gearbox

180

shell

181

bolt

182

lower base layer

183

bellows

184

bar accommodation

201

lower base layer

202

Rod

203

angle bracket

204

leg

205

leg

206

Wire rope

207

steel ring

208

execution

209

loop

210

pen

211

Wire rope

212

Wire rope

213

Shuttering board

I

displacement direction

II

Direction of rotation of 110

α

angle

Claims (57)

1. A method for the manufacturing of a fixed way for rail vehicles comprising sleepers (1) or plates (1a), in particular made of concrete, which are provided transversely to the way, which support rails (4, 5) and which are cast into an upper support layer (9), likewise in particular made of concrete, or which have it cast or bedded beneath them, said upper support layer in turn being supported on a lower support layer (10), in particular a so-called hydraulically bound support layer, comprising the following steps:

   - manufacturing a track section with rails (4, 5) and sleepers (1) or plates (1a) fastened to then one at a predetermined spacing from one another;

   - arranging and holding the track section at a spacing above the lower support layer (10);

   - aligning the lateral position and the vertical position of the track section;

   - supporting the track section, in particular via at least some of the sleepers (1) or plates (1a), on the lower support layer (10);

   - fixing the track section, in particular via the sleepers (1) or plates (1), against lateral displacement; and

   - subsequently, casting of the upper support layer (9) or of the cast base or bed, in particular using a previously applied shuttering (20);

   characterised in that
   bars (18) are introduced into the lower support layer (10), in particular at the centre of the way; and in that the fixing of the track section against lateral displacement takes place at the bars (18) in a vertically displaceable manner.
2. A method in accordance with claim 1, characterised in that the bars (18) are introduced into cut-outs (19) previously introduced into the lower support layer (10).
3. A method in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the sleepers (1) or plates (1a) are released from the rails (4, 5) after the support of the track section on the lower support layer (10).
4. A method in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the bars (18) are each fastened to the associated sleeper (1) at the centre thereof.
5. A method in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a reinforcement (11) covering a plurality of sleepers (1) and in particular connected to them is provided beneath the sleepers (1) or plates (1a) and is also cast into the upper support layer (9).
6. A method in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the sleepers (1) have a reinforcement basket (8) which is partly cast into the sleepers (1) and to which the reinforcement (11) is connected.
7. A method in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the cut-outs (19) are introduced into the lower support layer (10) as bores.
8. A method in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, 1 to 6, characterised in that the cut-outs (19) are introduced into the lower support layer (10) as a slot extending continuously in the longitudinal direction of the way.
9. A method in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the alignment of the lateral position and/or of the vertical position of the track section takes place in two or more steps.
10. A method in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the track position is checked and corrected again as required after the fixing and supporting of the track section.
11. A method in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the track position is documented after the fixing of the track section.
12. A method in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a shuttering with shuttering elements (20), which are anchored to the track, is used for the casting of the upper support layer (9) or of the cast base or bed.
13. A method in accordance with claim 13, characterised in that the shuttering elements (20) are anchored via an upper shuttering holder to a rail foot (23, 24) and are anchored via a lower shuttering holder (22) to the reinforcement (11).
14. A method in accordance with claim 13, characterised in that the lower shuttering holder (22) is also cast into the upper support layer (9) or into the cast.
15. A method in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that one-part sleepers (1) or plates (1a) having an elongate slot, a central or a lateral cut-out, at the centre of the sleeper or of the plate are used for the passing through of the bar (18).
16. A method in accordance with any one of the preceding claims 1 to 15, characterised in that two-part sleepers (1) are used which have two parts (2, 3) each supporting a rail (4, 5) and connected to one another via two iron connecting members (7).
17. A method in accordance with claim 16, characterised in that a fixing plate (16) with a passage opening (17) for the bar (18) is used for the lateral fixing of the sleepers (1) to the bars (18) and is displaceable along the iron connecting members (7) and can be fixed to them.
18. A method in accordance with claim 17, characterised in that the fixing plate (16) is made in two parts, with two parts (25, 26) each having half of the passage opening (17).
19. A method in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the alignment of the track section takes place by a separate apparatus.
20. A method in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the track section with rails (4, 5) and sleepers (1) fastened thereto is lifted up by means of a lifting apparatus which has at least one frame (33) which spans the way, and to which grips (44) and lifting means (37, 38, 39, 40) for the lifting of the track section are attached, which in particular engage at the rails (4, 5), with the frame (33) being movable along the way.
21. A method in accordance with claim 20, characterised in that additional means (45) for the alignment of the lateral position and/or of the vertical position of the track section are provided at the frame (33).
22. A method in accordance with claim 20 or claim 21, characterised in that at least three frames (33, 33', 33") are provided of which at least the first frame (33) has a travelling base, in particular a crawler base (41,42).
23. A method in accordance with claim 22, characterised in that the further frames (33', 33") have support means (51) for support during the lifting and aligning work and in each case a rail base (45) for transport.
24. A method in accordance with claim 22 or claim 23, characterised in that all the frames (33, 33', 33") are connected to one another via connection webs (48) which preferably also carry connection lines.
25. A method in accordance with claim 22, characterised in that all the frames (33, 33', 33") are arranged on a common travelling base, in particular a crawler base.
26. A method in accordance with any one of the claims 21 to 25, characterised in that the frames (33, 33', 33") have roller calipers (44) for holding and alignment rollers (45) for the aligning of the track section which can be rolled off on the rails (4, 5).
27. A method in accordance with claim 26, characterised in that the frames (33, 33', 33") additionally have load rollers (45) which can roll off on the rails (4, 5) and hold down the rails (4, 5).
28. A method in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the track is aligned with an alignment crossbeam (105) which is to be arranged transversely to the rails and which is made for the direct or indirect engagement at the rails, with a support element (103) which can be fixed in the base, in particular in a lower support layer (101), and at which the alignment crossbeam (105) can be supported and with displacement means (106) for the displacement of the alignment crossbeam (105) in its longitudinal direction (I) relative to the support element (103).
29. A method in accordance with claim 28, characterised in that the support element (103) is arranged at the centre of the way.
30. A method in accordance with claim 28 or claim 29, characterised in that the support element (103) is releasably connected to the base (101).
31. A method in accordance with any one of the claims 28 to 30, characterised in that a bar (103) which can be fixed in the base (101) and at which the adjustment means (106) engage serves as the support element.
32. A method in accordance with claim 31, characterised in that a sleeve (102) which can be introduced into the base (101) is introduced for the reception of the bar (103).
33. A method in accordance with any one of the claims 28 to 32, characterised in that the alignment crossbeam (105) has a cut-out (104) through which the bar (103) passes during alignment.
34. A method in accordance with claim 33, characterised in that the displacement means (110) are supported in the cut-out (104).
35. A method in accordance with claim 33 or claim 34, characterised in that the recess (104) is made as an elongated hole in the body of the alignment crossbeam (105).
36. A method in accordance with claim 33 or claim 34, characterised in that the cut-out is formed by a hoop (50) present laterally at the alignment crossbeam.
37. A method in accordance with any one of the claims 28 to 36, characterised in that a sleeper (150) or a plate is made as the crossbeam.
38. A method in accordance with claim 37, characterised in that the sleeper (150) is a monoblock sleeper.
39. A method in accordance with any one the claims 28 to 36, characterised in that the alignment crossbeam (105) is made as a separate component.
40. A method in accordance with claim 39, characterised in that the separate component spans the whole track and has cut-outs (109) for the fixing of the rails.
41. A method in accordance with claim 39, characterised in that the separate component (162) is placed between the two blocks (167) of a two-block sleeper (168).
42. A method in accordance with any one of the claims 39 to 41, characterised in that the alignment crossbeam is made as a threaded bar (156).
43. A method in accordance with any one of the claims 39 to 41, characterised in that the alignment crossbeam (105) is made as a girder.
44. A method in accordance with any one of the claims 40 to 42, characterised in that the alignment crossbeam is made as a box section (162).
45. A method in accordance with any one of the claims 28 to 44, characterised in that at least one adjustable screw (106) serves as an adjustment device.
46. A method in accordance with any one of the claims 28 to 44, characterised in that an eccentric member (110) serves as an adjustment device.
47. A method in accordance with any one of the claims 28 to 44, characterised in that a spindle drive (153) serves as an adjustment device.
48. A method in accordance with claim 47, characterised in that the spindle drive (153) includes a threaded bar (156) which simultaneously serves as the alignment crossbeam.
49. A method in accordance with claim 48, characterised in that the threaded bar (156) is provided with protective bellows (161).
50. A method in accordance with any one of the claims 28 to 49, characterised in that means are provided at the alignment crossbeam for the lateral fixing of the track section during the completion of the fixed way.
51. A method in accordance with any one of the claims 28 to 49, characterised in that means are provided for the lateral fixing of the track which engage at the sleepers (1) or plates (1a).
52. A method in accordance with any one of the claims 28 to 51, characterised in that means are provided at the alignment crossbeam (105) for the fixing of the vertical position of the track and/or of the mutual vertical positions of the two rails.
53. A method in accordance with claim 52, characterised in that a respective spindle device (116) is arranged at each of the two lateral end regions of the alignment crossbeam (105) for the alignment of the alignment crossbeam (105) by spindling.
54. A method in accordance with claim 53, characterised in that sleeves (118) having internal threads into which spindles (117) are inserted are provided in the alignment crossbeam (105).
55. A method in accordance with claim 54, characterised in that the sleeves (118) are releasably connected to the alignment crossbeam (105).
56. A method in accordance with claim 55, characterised in that the sleeves (118) are connected to the alignment crossbeam (105) via a bayonet fastening.
57. A method in accordance with any one of the claims 53 to 56, characterized in that the spindles (117) of the spindle device (116) are simultaneously used as shuttering holders for a shuttering (120) for the upper support layer (121) or for the cast base or bed.

Images