EP1013362A1 - Process and plant for continuous casting slabs - Google Patents
Process and plant for continuous casting slabs Download PDFInfo
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- EP1013362A1 EP1013362A1 EP99124440A EP99124440A EP1013362A1 EP 1013362 A1 EP1013362 A1 EP 1013362A1 EP 99124440 A EP99124440 A EP 99124440A EP 99124440 A EP99124440 A EP 99124440A EP 1013362 A1 EP1013362 A1 EP 1013362A1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- mold
- slab
- cooling zone
- strand
- secondary cooling
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract 3
- IHQKEDIOMGYHEB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dimethylarsinate Chemical class [Na+].C[As](C)([O-])=O IHQKEDIOMGYHEB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 abstract description 22
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009189 diving Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002631 hypothermal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
- B22D11/22—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for cooling cast stock or mould
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and an apparatus for the continuous casting of Slabs, especially of steel, with molten material over a Pouring tube is poured into a mold as the primary cooling zone and then one Extracted strand from the mold and over a roller strand as a secondary cooling zone is guided, the means for applying a coolant to the strand surface having.
- the slab formats are for standard slabs approx. 3,500 - 600 x 150 - 400 mm and and for thin slabs approx. 3,500 - 600 x 30 - 150 mm.
- the casting speeds move with standard slabs between 0.3 - 2.5 m / min and for thin slabs up to max. 10 m / min.
- Significant for Casting free of surface defects is uniform heat dissipation, in particular in the mold. The result of uneven heat dissipation are, for example Longitudinal cracks on the two broad sides of a slab in the mold immediately under the water level.
- a conventional continuous casting machine ( Figure 2) is essentially composed from the mold 1 with the mold length 4.1, which is used for primary cooling 1.1 of the strand is required, and from the roller strand guide 4.2, which after the State of the art is equipped with a symmetrical spray cooling 5.1 is necessary for the secondary cooling of the strand.
- Symmetrical spray cooling means that the spray nozzles for applying the cooling water are symmetrical Center axis across the strand width with the same pressure and the same amount of cooling water work. It should be noted that about 20 - 30% of the energy in the mold is released, which is removed until the slab solidifies at the end of the machine must become. This 20 - 30% of the energy is transferred to the copper plates Chilled water released.
- the remaining energy is released in the secondary cooling area, that of a roller cage, the roller strand guide on the loose and fixed side and the spray cooling, which the strand surface and the strand shell with splash water symmetrical to the central axis across the width as a rule cools down to the end of the machine.
- the solidification time of a standard slab with a thickness of, for example, 200 mm is approx. 16 min
- a thin slab with a solidification thickness of, for example, 50 mm takes approx. 1 min for its solidification.
- the system lengths for casting the standard slab are therefore 16 m in comparison to those of the thin slab with the same casting performance and a casting speed of 1 m / min in the case of the 200 mm thick standard slab or 4 m in the case of the 50 mm thick thin slab.
- This example shows that the specific energy density in the case of the thin slab per m 2 of strand guidance is 4 times greater than that of the standard slab.
- thermocouples placed in the mold plate are evenly distributed, discrete temperatures and heat flows to eat. However, these are discrete measurements that are only possible with high Allow effort to allow for integral measurement values differentiated across the mold width.
- Another, relatively simple measuring system is the measurement of the heat flows or the temperature increases at the outlet openings between the mold plate and the water tank (DE 197 22 877), shown schematically in Figure 2.
- the temperature increases are measured with water temperature sensors 9.1 individually measured over the broad sides 1.2 of the mold 1 and with the help of the respective partial amount of water 10.1 the partial heat flows 11.1 determined.
- the sum of these measured values 10.1 and 11.1 is equal to the total values at the mold entrance and output can be measured.
- the object of the invention based on a method and a device for the continuous casting of slabs propose with which it is possible to achieve a symmetrical final solidification or symmetrical slab geometry and a center symmetry across the width Ensure energy and temperature distribution.
- the causes of the errors such as the asymmetrical Final solidification process, i.e. an asymmetrical swamp tip position, and the deflection of the slab from the central axis (Z), which is also an asymmetrical Geometry of the slab in the form of a wedge formation, already looking for asymmetrical heat dissipation across the width of the mold are.
- These perturbations when pouring slabs are on the non-uniform Heat dissipation across the mold width, expressed as' hot spots' or 'cold spots' due, for example, to irregular slag formation and / or melt turbulence in the mold and in the mold level especially in the area of the diving spout.
- Figure 1 shows schematically a continuous casting mold 1 with the mold length 4.1, the corresponds to the primary cooling zone 4.1, and a roller strand guide 4.2 as a secondary cooling zone.
- the continuous casting mold 1 consists of two broad sides 1.2 and two narrow sides 1.3, in the liquid steel with the help of an immersion spout 2 using Casting powder 3 is introduced. With 1.1. are a water supply and drainage for the Primary cooling, 1.4 of the mold level. The mold exit is 1.5 featured.
- the secondary cooling is regulated depending on this value across the width and length of the roller strand guide by individual Control of the spray nozzles in terms of quantity and distribution. So can the uneven heat flow distribution through dynamic spray cooling 5.2, which can work variably across the width, in the area of the roller strand guide 4.2 are dismantled again. This will both the slab energy as well the slab surface temperature symmetrically across the slab width Slab center axis (Z), with which a deflection of the slab 7.1 is less or is suppressed and the strand runs coaxially to the central axis of the strand guide. At the same time, the slab has a symmetrical geometry 8.1 without one disruptive wedge with symmetrical strand guidance.
- the secondary cooling zone of the roller strand guide 4.2 is working independently Injection zones 5.2.1 divided, which are along the longitudinal axis of the roller strand guide extend. In areas of hot spots in the mold plate of the primary cooling zone there is hypothermia in the line, these areas are in the secondary cooling zone less chilled. Due to the regulated cooling in the secondary cooling zone there is a slab with a symmetrical solidification process 6.2.
- the following devices are necessary to carry out the method: Heat flow measurement or temperature measurement over the mold width over time at the mold exit, independent spray zones across the mold width 5.2.1 in the Roller strand guide 4.2 or secondary cooling zone, a measuring device 14, preferably at the end of the secondary cooling zone, to determine the strand deflection 7.1 from the strand guide center axis in the X direction and / or for determination the strand geometry 8.1 (wedge / crowning) and / or a measuring device 14 for determining the slab temperature 14.1 over the slab width.
- a Deflection of the slab course (7.1) is preferably by means of an optical System or determined using a line scan camera.
- the slab geometry 8.1, such as wedge and crowning, is preferably determined using a system, that works on the principle of electromagnetic waves. To accommodate the Slab geometry, mechanical systems are also conceivable.
- the temperature distribution 14.1 is also by means of optical systems or a line scan camera determined.
- the energy or temperature distribution in the width direction (X) at the mold outlet 1.5 over time is preferably measured discretely by means of thermocouples, which are uniformly distributed in the copper plates of the narrow and broad sides 1.2 and 1.3 of the mold 1, and via a online "data processing determined.
- the roller guide 4.2 Measuring devices for determining the strand surface temperature above the String width arranged.
- FIG. 2 shows a mold 1 with a roller strand guide 4.2 and a spray cooling 5.1 spraying symmetrically over the slab width (X) According to the state of the art.
- Corresponding components of Figure 2 are with the the same reference numerals of Figure 1. Because of the symmetrical Spray cooling results in an asymmetrical final solidification process 6.1.
- the slab geometry is asymmetrical.
- Figure 3 shows the integral measured in the production operation over the mold length 4.1 and partial heat flow distribution depending on the mold width (Y) of the casting time for both the fixed side ( Figure 3 a) and for the Losseite ( Figure 3 b).
- These three-dimensional heat flow images of the lot and Fixed page that shows the partial heat flows 11.1 as 'online' pictures of the casting time (t) show that the heat flow density of a mold plate not uniformly over the mold width (Y) and at the same time not continuously over the casting time (t) behaves, but constantly changes over time and place.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Stranggießen von Brammen, insbesondere aus Stahl, wobei schmelzflüssiges Material über ein Gießrohr in eine Kokille als Primärkühlzone gegossen wird und anschließend ein Strang aus der Kokille abgezogen und über einen Rollenstrang als Sekundärkühlzone geführt wird, der Mittel zum Aufbringen eines Kühlmittels auf die Strangoberfläche aufweist.The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for the continuous casting of Slabs, especially of steel, with molten material over a Pouring tube is poured into a mold as the primary cooling zone and then one Extracted strand from the mold and over a roller strand as a secondary cooling zone is guided, the means for applying a coolant to the strand surface having.
Grundsätzlich wird beim Gießen von Brammen zwischen Standardbrammen und Dünnbrammen unterschieden. Die Brammenformate betragen für Standardbrammen ca. 3.500 - 600 x 150 - 400 mm und und für Dünnbrammen ca. 3.500 - 600 x 30 - 150 mm. Die Gießgeschwindigkeiten bewegen sich bei Standardbrammen zwischen 0,3 - 2,5 m/min und für Dünnbrammen bis max. 10 m/min. Bedeutend für ein oberflächenfehlerfreies Gießen ist eine gleichmäßige Wärmeabfuhr, insbesondere in der Kokille. Folge einer ungleichmäßigen Wärmeabfuhr sind beispielsweise Längsrisse auf den beiden Breitseiten einer Bramme in der Kokille unmittelbar unter dem Gießspiegel.Basically, when casting slabs between standard slabs and Differentiated thin slabs. The slab formats are for standard slabs approx. 3,500 - 600 x 150 - 400 mm and and for thin slabs approx. 3,500 - 600 x 30 - 150 mm. The casting speeds move with standard slabs between 0.3 - 2.5 m / min and for thin slabs up to max. 10 m / min. Significant for Casting free of surface defects is uniform heat dissipation, in particular in the mold. The result of uneven heat dissipation are, for example Longitudinal cracks on the two broad sides of a slab in the mold immediately under the water level.
Eine herkömmliche Stranggießmaschine (Figur 2) setzt sich im wesentlichen zusammen aus der Kokille 1 mit der Kokillenlänge 4.1, die für die Primärkühlung 1.1 des Stranges erforderlich ist, und aus der Rollenstrangführung 4.2, die nach dem Stand der Technik mit einer symmetrischen Spritzkühlung 5.1 ausgestattet ist, die für die Sekundärkühlung des Stranges notwendig ist. Symmetrische Spritzkühlung bedeutet, daß die Spritzdüsen zum Aufbringen des Kühlwassers symmetrisch zur Mittenachse über die Strangbreite mit gleichem Druck und gleicher Kühlwassermenge arbeiten. Es ist festzuhalten, daß in der Kokille ca. 20 ― 30 % der Energie frei wird, die bis zur Durcherstarrung der Bramme am Maschinenende abgeführt werden muß. Diese 20 ― 30 % der Energie werden über die Kupferplatten an das Kokillenkühlwasser abgegeben. Die restliche Energie wird frei im Sekundärkühlbereich, der aus einem Rollenkäfig, der Rollenstrangführung auf der Los- und Festseite und der Spritzkühlung besteht, die die Strangoberfläche und die Strangschale mit Spritzwasser symmetrisch zur Mittenachse über die Breite in der Regel bis zum Maschinenende kühlt.A conventional continuous casting machine (Figure 2) is essentially composed from the mold 1 with the mold length 4.1, which is used for primary cooling 1.1 of the strand is required, and from the roller strand guide 4.2, which after the State of the art is equipped with a symmetrical spray cooling 5.1 is necessary for the secondary cooling of the strand. Symmetrical spray cooling means that the spray nozzles for applying the cooling water are symmetrical Center axis across the strand width with the same pressure and the same amount of cooling water work. It should be noted that about 20 - 30% of the energy in the mold is released, which is removed until the slab solidifies at the end of the machine must become. This 20 - 30% of the energy is transferred to the copper plates Chilled water released. The remaining energy is released in the secondary cooling area, that of a roller cage, the roller strand guide on the loose and fixed side and the spray cooling, which the strand surface and the strand shell with splash water symmetrical to the central axis across the width as a rule cools down to the end of the machine.
Die Erstarrungszeit einer Standardbramme mit einer Dicke von beispielsweise 200 mm beträgt ca. 16 min, eine Dünnbramme mit einer Erstarrungsdicke von beispielsweise 50 mm benötigt ca. 1 min für ihre Erstarrung. Somit sind die Anlagenlängen zum Gießen der Standardbramme im Vergleich zu denen der Dünnbramme bei gleicher Gießleistung und einer Gießgeschwindigkeit von 1 m/min im Falle der 200 mm dicken Standardbramme 16 m bzw. im Falle der 50 mm dicken Dünnbramme 4 m. Dieses Beispiel zeigt, daß die spezifische Energiedichte im Falle der Dünnbramme pro m2 Strangführung in erster Näherung 4 mal größer ist als bei der Standardbramme. Diese Beispiele machen deutlich, daß die Energiedichten und die Gleichmäßigkeit der Energieverteilung eine bedeutende Rolle für die Strangoberflächenqualität, Stranginnenqualität, koaxiale Führung des Stranges in der Rollenstrangführung, Stranggeometrie und Gießsicherheit spielen.The solidification time of a standard slab with a thickness of, for example, 200 mm is approx. 16 min, a thin slab with a solidification thickness of, for example, 50 mm takes approx. 1 min for its solidification. The system lengths for casting the standard slab are therefore 16 m in comparison to those of the thin slab with the same casting performance and a casting speed of 1 m / min in the case of the 200 mm thick standard slab or 4 m in the case of the 50 mm thick thin slab. This example shows that the specific energy density in the case of the thin slab per m 2 of strand guidance is 4 times greater than that of the standard slab. These examples make it clear that the energy densities and the uniformity of the energy distribution play an important role for the strand surface quality, strand inner quality, coaxial guidance of the strand in the roller strand guide, strand geometry and casting reliability.
Zudem ist bekannt, daß die Wärmeströme in der Kokille mit steigender Gießgeschwindigkeit und sinkender Strangdicke ansteigen und auch die Kokillenplatten auf der Heißseite belasten.In addition, it is known that the heat flows in the mold with increasing casting speed and decreasing strand thickness and also the mold plates strain on the hot side.
Beim Gießen von Brammen sowohl im Falle der Standardbramme als auch im Falle der Dünnbramme sind Fehler wie Längsrisse oder Schräglauf der Bramme innerhalb der Strangführung möglich. Ein Schräglauf führt zu Störungen in der Brammengeometrie - ausgedrückt als Abweichung von einer mittensymmetrischen (Keiligkeit) und konvexen (max. 2 % seiner Banddicke 40 mm neben der Schmalseite) Brammenform, die die Ursache für die Minderung sowohl der Gießsicherheit als auch der Walzsicherheit und Warmbandqualität darstellen.When casting slabs both in the case of the standard slab and in the The case of the thin slab is defects such as longitudinal cracks or slanting of the slab possible within the strand guide. A skew leads to disturbances in the Slab geometry - expressed as a deviation from a center symmetric (Wedge) and convex (max. 2% of its band thickness 40 mm next to the narrow side) Slab shape, which is the cause of the reduction in both casting reliability as well as the rolling reliability and hot strip quality.
Weiterhin ist am Innenleben einer Bramme mit Hilfe von Untersuchungen im Bereich der Enderstarrungsstruktur anhand von Kernlockerungen bzw. der Seigerungen häufig festzustellen, daß die Bramme nicht gleichförmig über die Brammenbreite zur Enderstarrung kommt. Begleitet wird diese zur Mittenachse in Gießrichtung (Z) (vgl. Figur 2) unsymmetrische Sumpfspitzenlage 6.1 von einer Auslenkung 7 des Brammenverlaufs aus der Maschinenmittenachse in Breitenrichtung (X) am Ende der Strangführung.Furthermore, on the inside of a slab with the help of investigations in the area the final solidification structure based on core loosening or segregation often find that the slab is not uniform across the slab width comes to a complete solidification. This is accompanied to the center axis in the casting direction (Z) (see FIG. 2) asymmetrical bottom tip position 6.1 from a deflection 7 of the slab course from the machine center axis in the width direction (X) at the end of the strand guide.
Es ist bekannt, die Wärmestromverteilung in der Kokille zu messen. Eine dieser Methoden der Wärmestrommessung ist die integrale Messung jeder einzelnen Kokillenplatte (DE 4117073). Allerdings geben diese Messungen keine über die Breite einer Breitseitenplatte 1.2 differenzierte und über die Kokillenlänge 4.1 integralen Meßwerte wieder.It is known to measure the heat flow distribution in the mold. One of these Methods of heat flow measurement is the integral measurement of each one Mold plate (DE 4117073). However, these measurements do not give any information about the Width of a broad side plate 1.2 differentiated and integral over the mold length 4.1 Readings again.
Es ist auch bekannt, mit Hilfe von Thermoelementen, die in die Kokillenplatte gleichförmig verteilt eingelassen sind, diskrete Temperaturen und Wärmeströme zu messen. Allerdings handelt es sich um diskrete Messungen, die nur mit hohem Aufwand integrale und über die Kokillenbreite differenzierte Meßwerte zulassen.It is also known to use thermocouples placed in the mold plate are evenly distributed, discrete temperatures and heat flows to eat. However, these are discrete measurements that are only possible with high Allow effort to allow for integral measurement values differentiated across the mold width.
Ein anderes, relativ einfaches Meßsystem stellt die Messung der Wärmeströme bzw. der Temperaturanstiege an den Auslauföffnungen zwischen der Kokillenplatte und dem Wasserkasten (DE 197 22 877) dar, in Figur 2 schematisch dargestellt. Hier werden mit Wassertemperatur-Meßfühlern 9.1 die Temperaturanstiege über die Breitseiten 1.2 der Kokille 1 einzeln gemessen und mit Hilfe der jeweiligen partiellen Wassermenge 10.1 die partiellen Wärmeströme 11.1 ermittelt. Die Summe dieser Meßwerte 10.1 und 11.1 ist gleich den Gesamtwerten, die am Kokilleneingang und -ausgang gemessen werden.Another, relatively simple measuring system is the measurement of the heat flows or the temperature increases at the outlet openings between the mold plate and the water tank (DE 197 22 877), shown schematically in Figure 2. Here the temperature increases are measured with water temperature sensors 9.1 individually measured over the broad sides 1.2 of the mold 1 and with the help of the respective partial amount of water 10.1 the partial heat flows 11.1 determined. The The sum of these measured values 10.1 and 11.1 is equal to the total values at the mold entrance and output can be measured.
Ausgehend von einem derartigen Stand der Technik liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Stranggießen von Brammen vorzuschlagen, mit denen es möglich wird, eine symmetrische Enderstarrung bzw. symmetrische Brammengeometrie und eine über die Breite mittensymmetrische Energie- und Temperaturverteilung sicherzustellen.Starting from such a prior art, the object of the invention based on a method and a device for the continuous casting of slabs propose with which it is possible to achieve a symmetrical final solidification or symmetrical slab geometry and a center symmetry across the width Ensure energy and temperature distribution.
Diese Aufgabe wird mittels eines Verfahrens mit den Merkmalen der Anspruchs 1
sowie einer Vorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 3 gelöst. Vorteilhafte
Ausgestaltungen sind in den Unteransprüchen offenbart.This object is achieved by means of a method with the features of claim 1
and a device with the features of
Erfindungsgemäß wurde festgestellt, daß die Ursachen der Fehler, wie der unsymmetrische Enderstarrungsverlauf, d.h. eine unsymmetrische Sumpfspitzenlage, und die Auslenkung der Bramme aus der Mittenachse (Z), die auch eine unsymmetrische Geometrie der Bramme in Form einer Keilbildung nach sich zieht, bereits in einer unsymmetrischen Wärmeabfuhr über die Breite der Kokille zu suchen sind. Diese Störungen beim Gießen von Brammen sind auf die ungleichförmige Wärmeabfuhr über die Kokillenbreite, ausgedrückt als 'hot spots' oder 'cold spots' zurückzuführen, die beispielsweise durch ungleichförmige Schlackenbildung und/oder Schmelzeturbulenzen in der Kokille und im Gießspiegel speziell im Bereich des Tauchausgusses verursacht werden.According to the invention it was found that the causes of the errors, such as the asymmetrical Final solidification process, i.e. an asymmetrical swamp tip position, and the deflection of the slab from the central axis (Z), which is also an asymmetrical Geometry of the slab in the form of a wedge formation, already looking for asymmetrical heat dissipation across the width of the mold are. These perturbations when pouring slabs are on the non-uniform Heat dissipation across the mold width, expressed as' hot spots' or 'cold spots' due, for example, to irregular slag formation and / or melt turbulence in the mold and in the mold level especially in the area of the diving spout.
Es ist nun die unerwartete erfinderische Lösung der oben gestellten Aufgabe, Abweichungen dieser ungleichmäßigen Energieverteilungen, insbesondere Wärmestromverteilungen, von einer symmetrischen Wärmestromverteilung vorzugsweise am Kokillenaustritt zur Regelung eines dynamischen Spritzsystems, das über die Strangbreite der Rollenstrangführung frei wählbare Wasserverteilungen realisieren kann, zu nutzen. It is now the unexpected inventive solution to the above problem, variations these uneven energy distributions, especially heat flow distributions, preferably from a symmetrical heat flow distribution at the mold outlet to control a dynamic spraying system that Water distributions freely selectable over the strand width of the roller strand guide can realize to use.
Durch Regelung der Kühleinrichtung der Sekundärkühlzone in Abhängigkeit der Wärmestromverteilung in der Primärkühlzone ist eine symmetrische Energie- und Temperaturverteilung über die Brammenbreite einstellbar. Hieraus ergibt sich eine symmetrische Brammenform. Die unerwünschte Keiligkeit der Bramme wird unterdrückt, ebenso wie der Schräglauf (Säbeligkeit). Es ist ein koaxialer Lauf der Bramme mit der Strangführung in Z-Richtung erreichbar. Zudem ist eine hohe Gießsicherheit und eine verbesserte Strangoberflächen- und Stranginnenqualität möglich.By regulating the cooling device of the secondary cooling zone depending on the Heat flow distribution in the primary cooling zone is a symmetrical energy and Temperature distribution adjustable across the slab width. This results in a symmetrical slab shape. The unwanted wedge of the slab is suppressed just like skewing (saber-like). It is a coaxial run of the Slab can be reached with the strand guide in the Z direction. It is also a high one Casting security and an improved strand surface and strand quality possible.
Weitere Einzelheiten und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Ansprüchen und der nachfolgenden Beschreibung: Hierbei zeigen:
- Figur 1
- eine schematische Schnittansicht einer Stranggießvorrichtung bestehend aus Kokille und Rollenstrangführung mit der erfindungsgemäß geregelten Kühlung der Sekundärkühlzone;
Figur 2- eine schematische Schnittansicht einer Stranggießvorrichtung nach dem Stand der Technik;
- Figuren 3a,b
- Darstellungen von Wärmestromverteilungen über die Kokillenbreite über die Zeit der Fest- und Losseite der Kokille.
- Figure 1
- is a schematic sectional view of a continuous casting device consisting of mold and roller strand guide with the cooling of the secondary cooling zone controlled according to the invention;
- Figure 2
- is a schematic sectional view of a continuous casting device according to the prior art;
- Figures 3a, b
- Representations of heat flow distributions over the mold width over the time of the fixed and loose side of the mold.
Figur 1 zeigt schematisch eine Stranggießkokille 1 mit der Kokillenlänge 4.1, die der Primärkühlzone 4.1 entspricht, sowie eine Rollenstrangführung 4.2 als Sekundärkühlzone.Figure 1 shows schematically a continuous casting mold 1 with the mold length 4.1, the corresponds to the primary cooling zone 4.1, and a roller strand guide 4.2 as a secondary cooling zone.
Die Stranggießkokille 1 besteht aus zwei Breitseiten 1.2 und zwei Schmalseiten
1.3, in die flüssiger Stahl mit Hilfe eines Tauchausgusses 2 unter Einsatz von
Gießpulver 3 eingeleitet wird. Mit 1.1. sind eine Wasserzu- und ableitung für die
Primärkühlung bezeichnet, mit 1.4 der Gießspiegel. Der Kokillenaustritt ist mit 1.5
gekennzeichnet.The continuous casting mold 1 consists of two broad sides 1.2 and two narrow sides
1.3, in the liquid steel with the help of an
Beim Gießprozeß und den Erstarrungsvorgängen in der Strangkokille kommt es zu einer ungleichmäßigen Wärmestromverteilung. Wärmestromspitzen in der Kokillenplatte oder ,hot spots' 12, (hier beispielhaft gezeigt) bzw. Wärmestromsenken (,cold spots'), führen zu einer Unterkühlung bzw. zu einer Überhitzung sowohl in der Strangschale als auch im Stranginneren, das aus flüssigem Stahl besteht. Diese lokalen Temperaturunterschiede werden mittels WassertemperaturMeßfühlern 9.1 gemessen und mit Hilfe der jeweiligen partiellen Wassermenge 10.1 die partiellen Wärmeströme 11.1 ermittelt. Es wird die Abweichung der ermittelten Temperatur- bzw. Wärmestromverteilung von einer zur Strangmittenachse symmetrischen Temperatur-bzw. Wärmestromverteilung am Kokillenaustritt 1.5 ermittelt. In Abhängigkeit von diesem Wert kommt es zu einer Regelung der Sekundärkühlung über die Breite und Länge der Rollenstrangführung durch individuelle Ansteuerung der Spritzdüsen hinsichtlich Menge und Verteilung. Somit kann die ungleichmäßige Wärmestromverteilung durch eine dynamische Spritzkühlung 5.2, die über die Breite variabel arbeiten kann, im Bereich der Rollenstrangführung 4.2 wieder abgebaut werden. Hierdurch wird sowohl die Brammenenergie als auch die Brammenoberflächentemperatur über die Brammenbreite symmetrisch zur Brammenmittenachse (Z), womit eine Auslenkung der Bramme 7.1 geringer bzw. unterdrückt wird und der Strang koaxial zur Mittenachse der Strangführung verläuft. Gleichzeitig weist die Bramme eine symmetrische Geometrie 8.1 ohne eine störende Keiligkeit bei symmetrischer Strangführung auf.It happens during the casting process and the solidification processes in the continuous mold to an uneven heat flow distribution. Heat flow peaks in the mold plate or, 'hot spots' 12 (shown here by way of example) or heat flow sinks ('cold spots') lead to hypothermia or overheating in both the strand shell as well as inside the strand, which consists of liquid steel. These local temperature differences are measured using water temperature sensors 9.1 measured and with the help of the respective partial amount of water 10.1 the partial heat flows 11.1 determined. It is the deviation of the determined Temperature or heat flow distribution from one to the central axis of the strand symmetrical temperature or Heat flow distribution at the mold outlet 1.5 determined. The secondary cooling is regulated depending on this value across the width and length of the roller strand guide by individual Control of the spray nozzles in terms of quantity and distribution. So can the uneven heat flow distribution through dynamic spray cooling 5.2, which can work variably across the width, in the area of the roller strand guide 4.2 are dismantled again. This will both the slab energy as well the slab surface temperature symmetrically across the slab width Slab center axis (Z), with which a deflection of the slab 7.1 is less or is suppressed and the strand runs coaxially to the central axis of the strand guide. At the same time, the slab has a symmetrical geometry 8.1 without one disruptive wedge with symmetrical strand guidance.
Die Sekundärkühlzone der Rollenstrangführung 4.2 ist in unabhängig arbeitende Spritzzonen 5.2.1 eingeteilt, die sich entlang der Längsachse der Rollenstrangführung erstrecken. In Bereichen von hot spots in der Kokillenplatte der Primärkühlzone kommt es zu Unterkühlungen im Strang, diese Bereiche werden in der Sekundärkühlzone weniger gekühlt. Aufgrund der geregelten Kühlung in der Sekundärkühlzone ergibt sich eine Bramme mit einem symmetrischen Erstarrungsverlauf 6.2.The secondary cooling zone of the roller strand guide 4.2 is working independently Injection zones 5.2.1 divided, which are along the longitudinal axis of the roller strand guide extend. In areas of hot spots in the mold plate of the primary cooling zone there is hypothermia in the line, these areas are in the secondary cooling zone less chilled. Due to the regulated cooling in the secondary cooling zone there is a slab with a symmetrical solidification process 6.2.
Folgende Einrichtungen sind zur Durchführung des Verfahrens notwendig: Wärmestrommessung
oder Temperaturmessung über die Kokillenbreite über die Zeit
am Kokillenausgang, unabhängige Spritzzonen über die Kokillenbreite 5.2.1 in der
Rollenstrangführung 4.2 bzw. Sekundärkühlzone, eine Meßeinrichtung 14, vorzugsweise
am Ende der Sekundärkühlzone, zur Bestimmung der Strangauslenkung
7.1 von der Strangführungsmittenachse in X-Richtung und/oder zur Bestimmung
der Stranggeometrie 8.1 (Keiligkeit/Balligkeit) und/oder eine Meßeinrichtung
14 zur Bestimmung der Brammentemperatur 14.1 über die Brammenbreite. Eine
Auslenkung des Brammenverlaufs (7.1) wird vorzugsweise mittels eines optischen
Systems oder mittels einer Zeilenkamera ermittelt. Die Brammengeometrie 8.1,
wie Keiligkeit und Balligkeit, wird vorzugsweise mittels eines Systems bestimmt,
das auf dem Prinzip elektromagnetischer Wellen arbeitet. Zur Aufnahme der
Brammengeometrie sind auch mechanische Systeme denkbar. Die Temperaturverteilung
14.1 wird ebenfalls mittels optischer Systeme bzw. einer Zeilenkamera
ermittelt.The following devices are necessary to carry out the method: Heat flow measurement
or temperature measurement over the mold width over time
at the mold exit, independent spray zones across the mold width 5.2.1 in the
Roller strand guide 4.2 or secondary cooling zone, a measuring
Die Energie- bzw. Temperaturverteilung in Breitenrichtung (X) am Kokillenausgang
1.5 über die Zeit wird vorzugsweise mittels Thermoelementen, die gleichförmig
verteilt in den Kupferplatten der Schmal- und Breitseiten 1.2 und 1.3 der Kokille
1 eingebracht sind, diskret gemessen und über eine
Des weiteren sind zwischen den Strangführungsrollen 4.3 der Rollenführung 4.2 Meßeinrichtungen zur Bestimmung der Strangoberflächentemperatur über der Strangbreite angeordnet. Furthermore, between the strand guide rollers 4.3, the roller guide 4.2 Measuring devices for determining the strand surface temperature above the String width arranged.
Figur 2 zeigt im Vergleich hierzu eine Kokille 1 mit einer Rollenstrangführung 4.2 und einer symmetrisch über die Brammenbreite (X) spritzenden Spritzkühlung 5.1 nach dem Stand der Technik. Entsprechende Bauteile der Figur 2 sind mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen der Figur 1 bezeichnet. Aufgrund der symmetrischen Spritzkühlung kommt es zu einem unsymmetrischen Enderstarrungsverlauf 6.1. Die Brammengeometrie ist unsymmetrisch.In comparison, FIG. 2 shows a mold 1 with a roller strand guide 4.2 and a spray cooling 5.1 spraying symmetrically over the slab width (X) According to the state of the art. Corresponding components of Figure 2 are with the the same reference numerals of Figure 1. Because of the symmetrical Spray cooling results in an asymmetrical final solidification process 6.1. The slab geometry is asymmetrical.
Figur 3 stellt die im Produktionsbetrieb gemessene, über die Kokillenlänge 4.1 integrale und über die Kokillenbreite (Y) partielle Wärmestromverteilung in Abhängigkeit von der Gießzeit sowohl für die Festseite (Figur 3 a) als auch für die Losseite (Figur 3 b) dar. Diese dreidimensionalen Wärmestrombilder der Los- und Festseite, die die partiellen Wärmeströme 11.1 als 'online'-Bilder über die Gießzeit (t) darstellen, lassen erkennen, daß die Wärmestromdichte einer Kokillenplatte nicht gleichförmig über die Kokillenbreite (Y) und gleichzeitig sich nicht stetig über die Gießzeit (t) verhält, sondern ständig über Ort und Zeit wechselt. So entstehen sowohl über die Breite (Y) als auch über die Zeit (t) 'hot spots' oder Wärmestromspitzen 12 in der Kokillenplatte bzw. 'cold spots' oder Wärmestromsenken 13, die beim Stand der Technik durch die symmetrische Spritzkühlung 5.1 in der Rollenstrangführung 4.2 eingefroren werden und in der Konsequenz zu einer unsymmetrischen Enderstarrung 6.1 und einer unsymmetrischen Sumpfspitze und Temperaturverteilung, in Breitenrichtung (X) gesehen, führen. Figure 3 shows the integral measured in the production operation over the mold length 4.1 and partial heat flow distribution depending on the mold width (Y) of the casting time for both the fixed side (Figure 3 a) and for the Losseite (Figure 3 b). These three-dimensional heat flow images of the lot and Fixed page that shows the partial heat flows 11.1 as 'online' pictures of the casting time (t) show that the heat flow density of a mold plate not uniformly over the mold width (Y) and at the same time not continuously over the casting time (t) behaves, but constantly changes over time and place. So arise both over the width (Y) and over time (t) 'hot spots' or heat flow peaks 12 in the mold plate or 'cold spots' or heat flow sinks 13, the in the prior art due to the symmetrical spray cooling 5.1 in the roller strand guide 4.2 are frozen and as a consequence to an asymmetrical Final solidification 6.1 and an asymmetrical sump tip and temperature distribution, seen in the width direction (X).
- (1)(1)
- KokilleMold
- (1.1)(1.1)
- PrimärkühlungPrimary cooling
- (1.2)(1.2)
- BreitseitenBroadsides
- (1.3)(1.3)
- SchmalseitenNarrow sides
- (1.4)(1.4)
- GießspiegelCasting level
- (1.5)(1.5)
- KokillenaustrittMold exit
- (2)(2)
- TauchausgußDiving spout
- (3)(3)
- GießpulverMold powder
- (4.1)(4.1)
- KokillenlängeMold length
- (4.2)(4.2)
- RollenstrangführungRoller strand guide
- (4.3)(4.3)
- StrangführungsrollenStrand guide rollers
- (5.1)(5.1)
- symmetrische Spritzkühlung über die Brammenbreitesymmetrical spray cooling across the slab width
- (5.2)(5.2)
- dynamische Spritzkühlung über die Brammenbreitedynamic spray cooling across the slab width
- (5.2.1)(5.2.1)
- unabhängig arbeitende Spritzzonen über die Brammenbreiteindependently working spray zones across the slab width
- (X)(X)
- BreitenrichtungWidth direction
- (Z)(Z)
- Gießrichtung, Mittenachse der StrangführungCasting direction, central axis of the strand guide
- (6.1)(6.1)
- unsymmetrischer Enderstarrungsverlaufasymmetrical final solidification process
- (6.2)(6.2)
- symmetrischer Enderstarrungsverlaufsymmetrical final solidification process
- (7)(7)
- Auslenkung des Brammenverlaufs in Breitenrichtung (X)Deflection of the slab in the width direction (X)
- (7.1)(7.1)
- minimierte Auslenkung des Brammenverlaufs in Breitenrichtung (X)minimized deflection of the slab in the width direction (X)
- (8)(8th)
- unsymmetrische Brammengeometrie aufgrund von Keilbildung der Brammenquerschnittsformasymmetrical slab geometry due to wedge formation of the slab cross-sectional shape
- (8.1)(8.1)
- symmetrische Brammengeometrie aufgrund minimierter Keilbildung der Brammenquerschnittsformsymmetrical slab geometry due to minimized wedge formation Slab cross-sectional shape
- (9.1)(9.1)
- Wassertemperatur-Meßfühler an den Übergängen Kokillenplatte/WasserkastenWater temperature sensor at the mold plate / water box transitions
- (10.1)(10.1)
- partielle Wassermenge pro Übergang Kokillenplatte/Wasserkastenpartial amount of water per transition mold plate / water tank
- (11.1)(11.1)
- partielle Wärmeströme an den Übergängen Kokillenplatte/Wasserkasten partial heat flows at the mold plate / water box transitions
- (t)(t)
- GießzeitPouring time
- (12,13)(12.13)
-
- (14)(14)
- MeßeinrichtungMeasuring device
- (14.1)(14.1)
- BrammentemperaturSlab temperature
Claims (6)
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß folgende Schritte ablaufen:
characterized,
that the following steps take place:
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
characterized,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
characterized,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
characterized,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
characterized,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
characterized,
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19859346 | 1998-12-22 | ||
| DE19859346 | 1998-12-22 | ||
| DE19916190A DE19916190C2 (en) | 1998-12-22 | 1999-04-10 | Slab continuous casting method and apparatus |
| DE19916190 | 1999-04-10 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1013362A1 true EP1013362A1 (en) | 2000-06-28 |
| EP1013362B1 EP1013362B1 (en) | 2003-06-25 |
Family
ID=26050943
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP99124440A Expired - Lifetime EP1013362B1 (en) | 1998-12-22 | 1999-12-08 | Process and plant for continuous casting slabs |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1013362B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE243589T1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102489680A (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2012-06-13 | 东北大学 | System and method for intelligently controlling temperature of internal arc angle part in straightening region of wide and thick plate blank |
| CN102847904A (en) * | 2012-09-11 | 2013-01-02 | 首钢总公司 | System and method for dynamic control of cooling of slab continuous casting crystallizer |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2542290A1 (en) * | 1974-09-26 | 1976-04-08 | Centre Rech Metallurgique | Continuous casting of metals, esp. steel - in which computer calculates billet speed and controls cooling water and billet temp. (NL300376) |
| DE3041607A1 (en) * | 1980-11-01 | 1982-06-09 | Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt | Optimum cooling of continuously cast slabs to avoid defects - where eddy current search coils monitor defects while slab is still in diamagnetic state and adjust cooling rate of slab |
| DE3305660A1 (en) * | 1982-02-19 | 1983-09-08 | Hitachi, Ltd., Tokyo | Process and apparatus for correcting the contour of a billet for a continuous casting plant |
| DE3423475A1 (en) * | 1984-06-26 | 1984-11-29 | Mannesmann AG, 4000 Düsseldorf | Process and apparatus for the continuous casting of molten metals, especially of molten steel |
| DE4117073A1 (en) * | 1991-05-22 | 1992-11-26 | Mannesmann Ag | TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT SLAM CHOCOLATE |
| DE19612420A1 (en) * | 1996-03-28 | 1997-10-02 | Siemens Ag | Control system for strand cooling in a continuous casting plant |
| JPH10263778A (en) * | 1997-03-24 | 1998-10-06 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Secondary cooling method of slab in continuous casting |
| DE19722877A1 (en) * | 1997-05-31 | 1998-12-03 | Schloemann Siemag Ag | Method and device for measuring and regulating the temperature and quantity of cooling water for water-cooled mold walls of a continuous casting mold |
-
1999
- 1999-12-08 EP EP99124440A patent/EP1013362B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-12-08 AT AT99124440T patent/ATE243589T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2542290A1 (en) * | 1974-09-26 | 1976-04-08 | Centre Rech Metallurgique | Continuous casting of metals, esp. steel - in which computer calculates billet speed and controls cooling water and billet temp. (NL300376) |
| DE3041607A1 (en) * | 1980-11-01 | 1982-06-09 | Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt | Optimum cooling of continuously cast slabs to avoid defects - where eddy current search coils monitor defects while slab is still in diamagnetic state and adjust cooling rate of slab |
| DE3305660A1 (en) * | 1982-02-19 | 1983-09-08 | Hitachi, Ltd., Tokyo | Process and apparatus for correcting the contour of a billet for a continuous casting plant |
| DE3423475A1 (en) * | 1984-06-26 | 1984-11-29 | Mannesmann AG, 4000 Düsseldorf | Process and apparatus for the continuous casting of molten metals, especially of molten steel |
| DE4117073A1 (en) * | 1991-05-22 | 1992-11-26 | Mannesmann Ag | TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT SLAM CHOCOLATE |
| DE19612420A1 (en) * | 1996-03-28 | 1997-10-02 | Siemens Ag | Control system for strand cooling in a continuous casting plant |
| JPH10263778A (en) * | 1997-03-24 | 1998-10-06 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Secondary cooling method of slab in continuous casting |
| DE19722877A1 (en) * | 1997-05-31 | 1998-12-03 | Schloemann Siemag Ag | Method and device for measuring and regulating the temperature and quantity of cooling water for water-cooled mold walls of a continuous casting mold |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1999, no. 1 29 January 1999 (1999-01-29) * |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102489680A (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2012-06-13 | 东北大学 | System and method for intelligently controlling temperature of internal arc angle part in straightening region of wide and thick plate blank |
| CN102489680B (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2013-05-08 | 东北大学 | System and method for intelligently controlling temperature of internal arc angle part in straightening region of wide and thick plate blank |
| CN102847904A (en) * | 2012-09-11 | 2013-01-02 | 首钢总公司 | System and method for dynamic control of cooling of slab continuous casting crystallizer |
| CN102847904B (en) * | 2012-09-11 | 2014-05-28 | 首钢总公司 | System and method for dynamic control of cooling of slab continuous casting crystallizer |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE243589T1 (en) | 2003-07-15 |
| EP1013362B1 (en) | 2003-06-25 |
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